Articles | Volume 14, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1581-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1581-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description paper
| 
08 Apr 2022
Data description paper |
| 08 Apr 2022
| 08 Apr 2022
European pollen-based REVEALS land-cover reconstructions for the Holocene: methodology, mapping and potentials
Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, University of
Lund, 22362 Lund, Sweden
Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University,
39182 Kalmar, Sweden
Ralph Fyfe
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of
Plymouth, PL4 8AA Plymouth, United Kingdom
Marie-Jose Gaillard
Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University,
39182 Kalmar, Sweden
Anna-Kari Trondman
Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University,
39182 Kalmar, Sweden
Division of Education Affairs, Swedish University of Agricultural
Science (SLU), 23456 Alnarp, Sweden
Florence Mazier
Environmental Geography Laboratory, GEODE UMR 5602 CNRS,
Université de Toulouse Jean Jaurès, 31058 Toulouse, France
Anne-Birgitte Nielsen
Department of Geology, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
Anneli Poska
Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, University of
Lund, 22362 Lund, Sweden
Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086
Tallinn, Estonia
Shinya Sugita
Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University of Technology, 10120 Tallinn,
Estonia
Jessie Woodbridge
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of
Plymouth, PL4 8AA Plymouth, United Kingdom
Julien Azuara
Département Homme et Environnement, UMR 7194 Histoire Naturelle de
l'Homme Préhistorique, 75013 Paris, France
Angelica Feurdean
Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), 60325
Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Department of Geology, Faculty of Biology and Geology,
Babeş-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Roxana Grindean
Department of Geology, Faculty of Biology and Geology,
Babeş-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Institute of Archaeology and History of Arts, Romanian
Academy, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Vincent Lebreton
Département Homme et Environnement, UMR 7194 Histoire Naturelle de
l'Homme Préhistorique, 75013 Paris, France
Laurent Marquer
Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck,
Austria
Nathalie Nebout-Combourieu
Département Homme et Environnement, UMR 7194 Histoire Naturelle de
l'Homme Préhistorique, 75013 Paris, France
Miglė Stančikaitė
Institute of Geology and Geography, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
Ioan Tanţău
Department of Geology, Faculty of Biology and Geology,
Babeş-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Spassimir Tonkov
Department of Botany, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, 1164
Sofia, Bulgaria
Lyudmila Shumilovskikh
Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics,
Georg August University, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
A full list of authors appears at the end of the paper.
Related authors
No articles found.
Angelica Feurdean, Randy Fulweber, Andrei-Cosmin Diaconu, Graeme T. Swindels, and Mariusz Gałka
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2318, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2318, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Biogeosciences (BG).
Short summary
Short summary
We found minimal fire activity in northern Arctic Alaska from ~1000 BCE to 500 CE and a marked increase at 1850 CE when it exceeded any levels observed in the preceding millennia. Our findings suggest that deepening of water tables and peatland drying associated with permafrost thaw have facilitated woody encroachment, especially by more flammable Ericaceous shrubs. This study highlights the importance of moisture–vegetation–fire feedback in shaping the tundra fire regime.
Léa d'Oliveira, Sébastien Joannin, Guillemette Ménot, Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout, Lucas Dugerdil, Marion Blache, Mary Robles, Assunta Florenzano, Alessia Masi, Anna Maria Mercuri, Laura Sadori, Marie Balasse, and Odile Peyron
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1106, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1106, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Climate of the Past (CP).
Short summary
Short summary
We studied climate change in the central Mediterranean during the Holocene by analysing 38 pollen records. Several methods were used to obtain reliable results on seasonal temperatures and precipitation. Our results show that, during the Holocene, summer temperatures were colder in the south and warmer in the north, with wetter winters and drier summers, especially in the south. Unlike winter conditions, summers ones did not follow variations in insolation, suggesting other factors.
Dael Sassoon, Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout, Odile Peyron, Adele Bertini, Francesco Toti, Vincent Lebreton, and Marie-Hélène Moncel
Clim. Past, 21, 489–515, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-489-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-489-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Climatic reconstructions of Marine Isotope Stages (MISs) 19, 11, and 5 and the current interglacial (MIS 1) based on pollen data from a marine core (Alboran Sea) show that, compared with MIS 1, MIS 19 was colder and highly variable, MIS 11 was longer and more stable, and MIS 5 was warmer. There is no real equivalent to the current interglacial, but past interglacials give insights into the sensitivity of the southwestern Mediterranean to global climatic changes in conditions similar to MIS 1.
Andria Dawson, John W. Williams, Marie-José Gaillard, Simon J. Goring, Behnaz Pirzamanbein, Johan Lindstrom, R. Scott Anderson, Andrea Brunelle, David Foster, Konrad Gajewski, Dan G. Gavin, Terri Lacourse, Thomas A. Minckley, Wyatt Oswald, Bryan Shuman, and Cathy Whitlock
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2024-6, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2024-6, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for CP
Short summary
Short summary
Holocene vegetation-atmosphere interactions provide insight into intensifying land use impacts and the Holocene Conundrum- a mismatch between data- and model- inferred temperature. Using pollen records and statistical modeling, we reconstruct Holocene land cover for North America. We determine patterns and magnitudes of land cover changes across scales. We attribute land cover changes to ecological, climatic, and human drivers. These reconstructions provide benchmarks for Earth System Models.
Angelica Feurdean, Richard S. Vachula, Diana Hanganu, Astrid Stobbe, and Maren Gumnior
Biogeosciences, 20, 5069–5085, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5069-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5069-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents novel results of laboratory-produced charcoal forms from various grass, forb and shrub taxa from the Eurasian steppe to facilitate more robust interpretations of fuel sources and fire types in grassland-dominated ecosystems. Advancements in identifying fuel sources and changes in fire types make charcoal analysis relevant to studies of plant evolution and fire management.
Anne Dallmeyer, Anneli Poska, Laurent Marquer, Andrea Seim, and Marie-José Gaillard
Clim. Past, 19, 1531–1557, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1531-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1531-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We compare past tree cover changes in Europe during the last 8000 years simulated with two dynamic global vegetation models and inferred from pollen data. The major model–data mismatch is related to the much earlier onset of anthropogenic deforestation in the data compared to the prescribed land use in the models. We show that land use, and not climate, is the main driver of the Holocene forest decline. The model–data agreement depends on the model tuning, challenging model–data comparisons.
Gustav Strandberg, Jie Chen, Ralph Fyfe, Erik Kjellström, Johan Lindström, Anneli Poska, Qiong Zhang, and Marie-José Gaillard
Clim. Past, 19, 1507–1530, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1507-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1507-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The impact of land use and land cover change (LULCC) on the climate around 2500 years ago is studied using reconstructions and models. The results suggest that LULCC impacted the climate in parts of Europe. Reconstructed LULCC shows up to 1.5 °C higher temperature in parts of Europe in some seasons. This relatively strong response implies that anthropogenic LULCC that had occurred by the late prehistoric period may have already affected the European climate by 2500 years ago.
Ulrike Herzschuh, Thomas Böhmer, Manuel Chevalier, Raphaël Hébert, Anne Dallmeyer, Chenzhi Li, Xianyong Cao, Odile Peyron, Larisa Nazarova, Elena Y. Novenko, Jungjae Park, Natalia A. Rudaya, Frank Schlütz, Lyudmila S. Shumilovskikh, Pavel E. Tarasov, Yongbo Wang, Ruilin Wen, Qinghai Xu, and Zhuo Zheng
Clim. Past, 19, 1481–1506, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1481-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1481-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A mismatch between model- and proxy-based Holocene climate change may partially originate from the poor spatial coverage of climate reconstructions. Here we investigate quantitative reconstructions of mean annual temperature and annual precipitation from 1908 pollen records in the Northern Hemisphere. Trends show strong latitudinal patterns and differ between (sub-)continents. Our work contributes to a better understanding of the global mean.
Ulrike Herzschuh, Thomas Böhmer, Chenzhi Li, Manuel Chevalier, Raphaël Hébert, Anne Dallmeyer, Xianyong Cao, Nancy H. Bigelow, Larisa Nazarova, Elena Y. Novenko, Jungjae Park, Odile Peyron, Natalia A. Rudaya, Frank Schlütz, Lyudmila S. Shumilovskikh, Pavel E. Tarasov, Yongbo Wang, Ruilin Wen, Qinghai Xu, and Zhuo Zheng
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2235–2258, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2235-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2235-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Climate reconstruction from proxy data can help evaluate climate models. We present pollen-based reconstructions of mean July temperature, mean annual temperature, and annual precipitation from 2594 pollen records from the Northern Hemisphere, using three reconstruction methods (WA-PLS, WA-PLS_tailored, and MAT). Since no global or hemispheric synthesis of quantitative precipitation changes are available for the Holocene so far, this dataset will be of great value to the geoscientific community.
Frank Arthur, Didier M. Roche, Ralph Fyfe, Aurélien Quiquet, and Hans Renssen
Clim. Past, 19, 87–106, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-87-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-87-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper simulates transcient Holocene climate in Europe by applying an interactive downscaling to the standard version of the iLOVECLIM model. The results show that downscaling presents a higher spatial variability in better agreement with proxy-based reconstructions as compared to the standard model, particularly in the Alps, the Scandes, and the Mediterranean. Our downscaling scheme is numerically cheap, which can perform kilometric multi-millennial simulations suitable for future studies.
Furong Li, Marie-José Gaillard, Xianyong Cao, Ulrike Herzschuh, Shinya Sugita, Jian Ni, Yan Zhao, Chengbang An, Xiaozhong Huang, Yu Li, Hongyan Liu, Aizhi Sun, and Yifeng Yao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 95–112, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-95-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-95-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The objective of this study is present the first gridded and temporally continuous quantitative plant-cover reconstruction for temperate and northern subtropical China over the last 12 millennia. The reconstructions are based on 94 pollen records and include estimates for 27 plant taxa, 10 plant functional types, and 3 land-cover types. The dataset is suitable for palaeoclimate modelling and the evaluation of simulated past vegetation cover and anthropogenic land-cover change from models.
Angelica Feurdean, Andrei-Cosmin Diaconu, Mirjam Pfeiffer, Mariusz Gałka, Simon M. Hutchinson, Geanina Butiseaca, Natalia Gorina, Spassimir Tonkov, Aidin Niamir, Ioan Tantau, Hui Zhang, and Sergey Kirpotin
Clim. Past, 18, 1255–1274, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1255-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1255-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We used palaeoecological records from peatlands in southern Siberia. We showed that warmer climate conditions have lowered the water level and increased the fuel amount and flammability, consequently also increasing the frequency and severity of fires as well as the composition of tree types.
Sandy P. Harrison, Roberto Villegas-Diaz, Esmeralda Cruz-Silva, Daniel Gallagher, David Kesner, Paul Lincoln, Yicheng Shen, Luke Sweeney, Daniele Colombaroli, Adam Ali, Chéïma Barhoumi, Yves Bergeron, Tatiana Blyakharchuk, Přemysl Bobek, Richard Bradshaw, Jennifer L. Clear, Sambor Czerwiński, Anne-Laure Daniau, John Dodson, Kevin J. Edwards, Mary E. Edwards, Angelica Feurdean, David Foster, Konrad Gajewski, Mariusz Gałka, Michelle Garneau, Thomas Giesecke, Graciela Gil Romera, Martin P. Girardin, Dana Hoefer, Kangyou Huang, Jun Inoue, Eva Jamrichová, Nauris Jasiunas, Wenying Jiang, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Monika Karpińska-Kołaczek, Piotr Kołaczek, Niina Kuosmanen, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Martin Lavoie, Fang Li, Jianyong Li, Olga Lisitsyna, José Antonio López-Sáez, Reyes Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, Gabriel Magnan, Eniko Katalin Magyari, Alekss Maksims, Katarzyna Marcisz, Elena Marinova, Jenn Marlon, Scott Mensing, Joanna Miroslaw-Grabowska, Wyatt Oswald, Sebastián Pérez-Díaz, Ramón Pérez-Obiol, Sanna Piilo, Anneli Poska, Xiaoguang Qin, Cécile C. Remy, Pierre J. H. Richard, Sakari Salonen, Naoko Sasaki, Hieke Schneider, William Shotyk, Migle Stancikaite, Dace Šteinberga, Normunds Stivrins, Hikaru Takahara, Zhihai Tan, Liva Trasune, Charles E. Umbanhowar, Minna Väliranta, Jüri Vassiljev, Xiayun Xiao, Qinghai Xu, Xin Xu, Edyta Zawisza, Yan Zhao, Zheng Zhou, and Jordan Paillard
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 1109–1124, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1109-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1109-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We provide a new global data set of charcoal preserved in sediments that can be used to examine how fire regimes have changed during past millennia and to investigate what caused these changes. The individual records have been standardised, and new age models have been constructed to allow better comparison across sites. The data set contains 1681 records from 1477 sites worldwide.
Marcus Reckermann, Anders Omstedt, Tarmo Soomere, Juris Aigars, Naveed Akhtar, Magdalena Bełdowska, Jacek Bełdowski, Tom Cronin, Michał Czub, Margit Eero, Kari Petri Hyytiäinen, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Anders Kiessling, Erik Kjellström, Karol Kuliński, Xiaoli Guo Larsén, Michelle McCrackin, H. E. Markus Meier, Sonja Oberbeckmann, Kevin Parnell, Cristian Pons-Seres de Brauwer, Anneli Poska, Jarkko Saarinen, Beata Szymczycha, Emma Undeman, Anders Wörman, and Eduardo Zorita
Earth Syst. Dynam., 13, 1–80, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-1-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-1-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
As part of the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports (BEAR), we present an inventory and discussion of different human-induced factors and processes affecting the environment of the Baltic Sea region and their interrelations. Some are naturally occurring and modified by human activities, others are completely human-induced, and they are all interrelated to different degrees. The findings from this study can largely be transferred to other comparable marginal and coastal seas in the world.
Vojtěch Abraham, Sheila Hicks, Helena Svobodová-Svitavská, Elissaveta Bozilova, Sampson Panajiotidis, Mariana Filipova-Marinova, Christin Eldegard Jensen, Spassimir Tonkov, Irena Agnieszka Pidek, Joanna Święta-Musznicka, Marcelina Zimny, Eliso Kvavadze, Anna Filbrandt-Czaja, Martina Hättestrand, Nurgül Karlıoğlu Kılıç, Jana Kosenko, Maria Nosova, Elena Severova, Olga Volkova, Margrét Hallsdóttir, Laimdota Kalniņa, Agnieszka M. Noryśkiewicz, Bożena Noryśkiewicz, Heather Pardoe, Areti Christodoulou, Tiiu Koff, Sonia L. Fontana, Teija Alenius, Elisabeth Isaksson, Heikki Seppä, Siim Veski, Anna Pędziszewska, Martin Weiser, and Thomas Giesecke
Biogeosciences, 18, 4511–4534, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4511-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4511-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present a continental dataset of pollen accumulation rates (PARs) collected by pollen traps. This absolute measure of pollen rain (grains cm−2 yr−1) has a positive relationship to current vegetation and latitude. Trap and fossil PARs have similar values within one region, so it opens up possibilities for using fossil PARs to reconstruct past changes in plant biomass and primary productivity. The dataset is available in the Neotoma Paleoecology Database.
Angelica Feurdean
Biogeosciences, 18, 3805–3821, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3805-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3805-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study characterized the diversity of laboratory-produced charcoal morphological features of various fuel types from Siberia at different temperatures. The results obtained improve the attribution of charcoal particles to fuel types and fire characteristics. This work also provides recommendations for the application of this information to refine the past wildfire history.
Angelica Feurdean, Roxana Grindean, Gabriela Florescu, Ioan Tanţău, Eva M. Niedermeyer, Andrei-Cosmin Diaconu, Simon M. Hutchinson, Anne Brigitte Nielsen, Tiberiu Sava, Andrei Panait, Mihaly Braun, and Thomas Hickler
Biogeosciences, 18, 1081–1103, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1081-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1081-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Here we used multi-proxy analyses from Lake Oltina (Romania) and quantitatively examine the past 6000 years of the forest steppe in the lower Danube Plain, one of the oldest areas of human occupation in southeastern Europe. We found the greatest tree cover between 6000 and 2500 cal yr BP. Forest loss was under way by 2500 yr BP, falling to ~20 % tree cover linked to clearance for agriculture. The weak signs of forest recovery over the past 2500 years highlight recurring anthropogenic pressure.
Basil A. S. Davis, Manuel Chevalier, Philipp Sommer, Vachel A. Carter, Walter Finsinger, Achille Mauri, Leanne N. Phelps, Marco Zanon, Roman Abegglen, Christine M. Åkesson, Francisca Alba-Sánchez, R. Scott Anderson, Tatiana G. Antipina, Juliana R. Atanassova, Ruth Beer, Nina I. Belyanina, Tatiana A. Blyakharchuk, Olga K. Borisova, Elissaveta Bozilova, Galina Bukreeva, M. Jane Bunting, Eleonora Clò, Daniele Colombaroli, Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout, Stéphanie Desprat, Federico Di Rita, Morteza Djamali, Kevin J. Edwards, Patricia L. Fall, Angelica Feurdean, William Fletcher, Assunta Florenzano, Giulia Furlanetto, Emna Gaceur, Arsenii T. Galimov, Mariusz Gałka, Iria García-Moreiras, Thomas Giesecke, Roxana Grindean, Maria A. Guido, Irina G. Gvozdeva, Ulrike Herzschuh, Kari L. Hjelle, Sergey Ivanov, Susanne Jahns, Vlasta Jankovska, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Monika Karpińska-Kołaczek, Ikuko Kitaba, Piotr Kołaczek, Elena G. Lapteva, Małgorzata Latałowa, Vincent Lebreton, Suzanne Leroy, Michelle Leydet, Darya A. Lopatina, José Antonio López-Sáez, André F. Lotter, Donatella Magri, Elena Marinova, Isabelle Matthias, Anastasia Mavridou, Anna Maria Mercuri, Jose Manuel Mesa-Fernández, Yuri A. Mikishin, Krystyna Milecka, Carlo Montanari, César Morales-Molino, Almut Mrotzek, Castor Muñoz Sobrino, Olga D. Naidina, Takeshi Nakagawa, Anne Birgitte Nielsen, Elena Y. Novenko, Sampson Panajiotidis, Nata K. Panova, Maria Papadopoulou, Heather S. Pardoe, Anna Pędziszewska, Tatiana I. Petrenko, María J. Ramos-Román, Cesare Ravazzi, Manfred Rösch, Natalia Ryabogina, Silvia Sabariego Ruiz, J. Sakari Salonen, Tatyana V. Sapelko, James E. Schofield, Heikki Seppä, Lyudmila Shumilovskikh, Normunds Stivrins, Philipp Stojakowits, Helena Svobodova Svitavska, Joanna Święta-Musznicka, Ioan Tantau, Willy Tinner, Kazimierz Tobolski, Spassimir Tonkov, Margarita Tsakiridou, Verushka Valsecchi, Oksana G. Zanina, and Marcelina Zimny
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 2423–2445, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2423-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2423-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) contains pollen counts and associated metadata for 8134 modern pollen samples from across the Eurasian region. The EMPD is part of, and complementary to, the European Pollen Database (EPD) which contains data on fossil pollen found in Late Quaternary sedimentary archives. The purpose of the EMPD is to provide calibration datasets and other data to support palaeoecological research on past climates and vegetation cover over the Quaternary period.
Angelica Feurdean, Boris Vannière, Walter Finsinger, Dan Warren, Simon C. Connor, Matthew Forrest, Johan Liakka, Andrei Panait, Christian Werner, Maja Andrič, Premysl Bobek, Vachel A. Carter, Basil Davis, Andrei-Cosmin Diaconu, Elisabeth Dietze, Ingo Feeser, Gabriela Florescu, Mariusz Gałka, Thomas Giesecke, Susanne Jahns, Eva Jamrichová, Katarzyna Kajukało, Jed Kaplan, Monika Karpińska-Kołaczek, Piotr Kołaczek, Petr Kuneš, Dimitry Kupriyanov, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Carsten Lemmen, Enikö K. Magyari, Katarzyna Marcisz, Elena Marinova, Aidin Niamir, Elena Novenko, Milena Obremska, Anna Pędziszewska, Mirjam Pfeiffer, Anneli Poska, Manfred Rösch, Michal Słowiński, Miglė Stančikaitė, Marta Szal, Joanna Święta-Musznicka, Ioan Tanţău, Martin Theuerkauf, Spassimir Tonkov, Orsolya Valkó, Jüri Vassiljev, Siim Veski, Ildiko Vincze, Agnieszka Wacnik, Julian Wiethold, and Thomas Hickler
Biogeosciences, 17, 1213–1230, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1213-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1213-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Our study covers the full Holocene (the past 11 500 years) climate variability and vegetation composition and provides a test on how vegetation and climate interact to determine fire hazard. An important implication of this test is that percentage of tree cover can be used as a predictor of the probability of fire occurrence. Biomass burned is highest at ~ 45 % tree cover in temperate forests and at ~ 60–65 % tree cover in needleleaf-dominated forests.
Sandy P. Harrison, Marie-José Gaillard, Benjamin D. Stocker, Marc Vander Linden, Kees Klein Goldewijk, Oliver Boles, Pascale Braconnot, Andria Dawson, Etienne Fluet-Chouinard, Jed O. Kaplan, Thomas Kastner, Francesco S. R. Pausata, Erick Robinson, Nicki J. Whitehouse, Marco Madella, and Kathleen D. Morrison
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 805–824, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-805-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-805-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Past Global Changes LandCover6k initiative will use archaeological records to refine scenarios of land use and land cover change through the Holocene to reduce the uncertainties about the impacts of human-induced changes before widespread industrialization. We describe how archaeological data are used to map land use change and how the maps can be evaluated using independent palaeoenvironmental data. We propose simulations to test land use and land cover change impacts on past climates.
Xianyong Cao, Fang Tian, Furong Li, Marie-José Gaillard, Natalia Rudaya, Qinghai Xu, and Ulrike Herzschuh
Clim. Past, 15, 1503–1536, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1503-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1503-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The high-quality pollen records (collected from lakes and peat bogs) of the last 40 ka cal BP form north Asia are homogenized and the plant abundance signals are calibrated by the modern relative pollen productivity estimates. Calibrated plant abundances for each site are generally consistent with in situ modern vegetation, and vegetation changes within the regions are characterized by minor changes in the abundance of major taxa rather than by invasions of new taxa during the last 40 ka cal BP.
Bassem Jalali, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Julien Azuara, Violaine Pellichero, and Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout
Clim. Past, 15, 701–711, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-701-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-701-2019, 2019
Johanna Lomax, Raphael Steup, Lyudmila Shumilovskikh, Christian Hoselmann, Daniela Sauer, Veit van Diedenhoven, and Markus Fuchs
DEUQUA Spec. Pub., 1, 15–28, https://doi.org/10.5194/deuquasp-1-15-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/deuquasp-1-15-2018, 2018
María Fernanda Sánchez Goñi, Stéphanie Desprat, Anne-Laure Daniau, Frank C. Bassinot, Josué M. Polanco-Martínez, Sandy P. Harrison, Judy R. M. Allen, R. Scott Anderson, Hermann Behling, Raymonde Bonnefille, Francesc Burjachs, José S. Carrión, Rachid Cheddadi, James S. Clark, Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout, Colin. J. Courtney Mustaphi, Georg H. Debusk, Lydie M. Dupont, Jemma M. Finch, William J. Fletcher, Marco Giardini, Catalina González, William D. Gosling, Laurie D. Grigg, Eric C. Grimm, Ryoma Hayashi, Karin Helmens, Linda E. Heusser, Trevor Hill, Geoffrey Hope, Brian Huntley, Yaeko Igarashi, Tomohisa Irino, Bonnie Jacobs, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Sayuri Kawai, A. Peter Kershaw, Fujio Kumon, Ian T. Lawson, Marie-Pierre Ledru, Anne-Marie Lézine, Ping Mei Liew, Donatella Magri, Robert Marchant, Vasiliki Margari, Francis E. Mayle, G. Merna McKenzie, Patrick Moss, Stefanie Müller, Ulrich C. Müller, Filipa Naughton, Rewi M. Newnham, Tadamichi Oba, Ramón Pérez-Obiol, Roberta Pini, Cesare Ravazzi, Katy H. Roucoux, Stephen M. Rucina, Louis Scott, Hikaru Takahara, Polichronis C. Tzedakis, Dunia H. Urrego, Bas van Geel, B. Guido Valencia, Marcus J. Vandergoes, Annie Vincens, Cathy L. Whitlock, Debra A. Willard, and Masanobu Yamamoto
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 9, 679–695, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-679-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-679-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The ACER (Abrupt Climate Changes and Environmental Responses) global database includes 93 pollen records from the last glacial period (73–15 ka) plotted against a common chronology; 32 also provide charcoal records. The database allows for the reconstruction of the regional expression, vegetation and fire of past abrupt climate changes that are comparable to those expected in the 21st century. This work is a major contribution to understanding the processes behind rapid climate change.
Bernd Wagner, Thomas Wilke, Alexander Francke, Christian Albrecht, Henrike Baumgarten, Adele Bertini, Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout, Aleksandra Cvetkoska, Michele D'Addabbo, Timme H. Donders, Kirstin Föller, Biagio Giaccio, Andon Grazhdani, Torsten Hauffe, Jens Holtvoeth, Sebastien Joannin, Elena Jovanovska, Janna Just, Katerina Kouli, Andreas Koutsodendris, Sebastian Krastel, Jack H. Lacey, Niklas Leicher, Melanie J. Leng, Zlatko Levkov, Katja Lindhorst, Alessia Masi, Anna M. Mercuri, Sebastien Nomade, Norbert Nowaczyk, Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos, Odile Peyron, Jane M. Reed, Eleonora Regattieri, Laura Sadori, Leonardo Sagnotti, Björn Stelbrink, Roberto Sulpizio, Slavica Tofilovska, Paola Torri, Hendrik Vogel, Thomas Wagner, Friederike Wagner-Cremer, George A. Wolff, Thomas Wonik, Giovanni Zanchetta, and Xiaosen S. Zhang
Biogeosciences, 14, 2033–2054, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2033-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2033-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Lake Ohrid is considered to be the oldest existing lake in Europe. Moreover, it has a very high degree of endemic biodiversity. During a drilling campaign at Lake Ohrid in 2013, a 569 m long sediment sequence was recovered from Lake Ohrid. The ongoing studies of this record provide first important information on the environmental and evolutionary history of the lake and the reasons for its high endimic biodiversity.
Behnaz Pirzamanbein, Anneli Poska, and Johan Lindström
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2017-51, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2017-51, 2017
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
Realistic maps of past land cover needed to study environmental changes and human impacts are rare. A recent statistical method, Pirzamanbein et al. (2015), produces continuous maps of past land cover from pollen assemblage. These maps incorporate auxiliary data raising questions regarding both the method's sensitivity to the choice of auxiliary data and the unaffected transmission of observational data. In this paper, the sensitivity of the method is examined. The tests confirm robust results.
Odile Peyron, Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout, David Brayshaw, Simon Goring, Valérie Andrieu-Ponel, Stéphanie Desprat, Will Fletcher, Belinda Gambin, Chryssanthi Ioakim, Sébastien Joannin, Ulrich Kotthoff, Katerina Kouli, Vincent Montade, Jörg Pross, Laura Sadori, and Michel Magny
Clim. Past, 13, 249–265, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-249-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-249-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This study aims to reconstruct the climate evolution of the Mediterranean region during the Holocene from pollen data and model outputs. The model- and pollen-inferred precipitation estimates show overall agreement: the eastern Medit. experienced wetter-than-present summer conditions during the early–late Holocene. This regional climate model highlights how the patchy nature of climate signals and data in the Medit. may lead to stronger local signals than the large-scale pattern suggests.
Sahbi Jaouadi, Vincent Lebreton, Viviane Bout-Roumazeilles, Giuseppe Siani, Rached Lakhdar, Ridha Boussoffara, Laurent Dezileau, Nejib Kallel, Beya Mannai-Tayech, and Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout
Clim. Past, 12, 1339–1359, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1339-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1339-2016, 2016
Jennifer R. Marlon, Ryan Kelly, Anne-Laure Daniau, Boris Vannière, Mitchell J. Power, Patrick Bartlein, Philip Higuera, Olivier Blarquez, Simon Brewer, Tim Brücher, Angelica Feurdean, Graciela Gil Romera, Virginia Iglesias, S. Yoshi Maezumi, Brian Magi, Colin J. Courtney Mustaphi, and Tonishtan Zhihai
Biogeosciences, 13, 3225–3244, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3225-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3225-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We reconstruct spatiotemporal variations in biomass burning since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) using the Global Charcoal Database version 3 (including 736 records) and a method to grid the data. LGM to late Holocene burning broadly tracks global and regional climate changes over that interval. Human activities increase fire in the 1800s and then reduce it for most of the 20th century. Burning is now rapidly increasing, particularly in western North America and southeastern Australia.
Laura Sadori, Andreas Koutsodendris, Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos, Alessia Masi, Adele Bertini, Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout, Alexander Francke, Katerina Kouli, Sébastien Joannin, Anna Maria Mercuri, Odile Peyron, Paola Torri, Bernd Wagner, Giovanni Zanchetta, Gaia Sinopoli, and Timme H. Donders
Biogeosciences, 13, 1423–1437, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1423-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1423-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Lake Ohrid (FYROM/Albania) is the deepest, largest and oldest lake in Europe. To understand the climatic and environmental evolution of its area, a palynological study was undertaken for the last 500 ka. We found a correspondence between forested/non-forested periods and glacial-interglacial cycles of marine isotope stratigraphy. Our record shows a progressive change from cooler and wetter to warmer and dryer interglacial conditions. This shift is also visible in glacial vegetation.
J. Azuara, N. Combourieu-Nebout, V. Lebreton, F. Mazier, S. D. Müller, and L. Dezileau
Clim. Past, 11, 1769–1784, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1769-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1769-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
High-resolution pollen analyses undertaken on two cores from southern France allow us to separate anthropogenic effects from climatic impacts on environments over the last 4500 years. A long-term aridification trend is highlighted during the late Holocene, and three superimposed arid events are recorded around 4400, 2600 and 1200cal BP coinciding in time with Bond events. Human influence on vegetation is attested since the Bronze Age and became dominant at the beginning of the High Middle Ages.
P. Bragée, F. Mazier, A. B. Nielsen, P. Rosén, D. Fredh, A. Broström, W. Granéli, and D. Hammarlund
Biogeosciences, 12, 307–322, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-307-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-307-2015, 2015
G. Strandberg, E. Kjellström, A. Poska, S. Wagner, M.-J. Gaillard, A.-K. Trondman, A. Mauri, B. A. S. Davis, J. O. Kaplan, H. J. B. Birks, A. E. Bjune, R. Fyfe, T. Giesecke, L. Kalnina, M. Kangur, W. O. van der Knaap, U. Kokfelt, P. Kuneš, M. Lata\l owa, L. Marquer, F. Mazier, A. B. Nielsen, B. Smith, H. Seppä, and S. Sugita
Clim. Past, 10, 661–680, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-661-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-661-2014, 2014
M. Magny, N. Combourieu-Nebout, J. L. de Beaulieu, V. Bout-Roumazeilles, D. Colombaroli, S. Desprat, A. Francke, S. Joannin, E. Ortu, O. Peyron, M. Revel, L. Sadori, G. Siani, M. A. Sicre, S. Samartin, A. Simonneau, W. Tinner, B. Vannière, B. Wagner, G. Zanchetta, F. Anselmetti, E. Brugiapaglia, E. Chapron, M. Debret, M. Desmet, J. Didier, L. Essallami, D. Galop, A. Gilli, J. N. Haas, N. Kallel, L. Millet, A. Stock, J. L. Turon, and S. Wirth
Clim. Past, 9, 2043–2071, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2043-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2043-2013, 2013
N. Combourieu-Nebout, O. Peyron, V. Bout-Roumazeilles, S. Goring, I. Dormoy, S. Joannin, L. Sadori, G. Siani, and M. Magny
Clim. Past, 9, 2023–2042, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2023-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2023-2013, 2013
O. Peyron, M. Magny, S. Goring, S. Joannin, J.-L. de Beaulieu, E. Brugiapaglia, L. Sadori, G. Garfi, K. Kouli, C. Ioakim, and N. Combourieu-Nebout
Clim. Past, 9, 1233–1252, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1233-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1233-2013, 2013
V. Bout-Roumazeilles, N. Combourieu-Nebout, S. Desprat, G. Siani, J.-L. Turon, and L. Essallami
Clim. Past, 9, 1065–1087, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1065-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1065-2013, 2013
D. Fredh, A. Broström, M. Rundgren, P. Lagerås, F. Mazier, and L. Zillén
Biogeosciences, 10, 3159–3173, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3159-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3159-2013, 2013
S. Desprat, N. Combourieu-Nebout, L. Essallami, M. A. Sicre, I. Dormoy, O. Peyron, G. Siani, V. Bout Roumazeilles, and J. L. Turon
Clim. Past, 9, 767–787, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-767-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-767-2013, 2013
M.-N. Woillez, M. Kageyama, N. Combourieu-Nebout, and G. Krinner
Biogeosciences, 10, 1561–1582, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1561-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1561-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Biogeosciences and biodiversity
The SahulCHAR collection: a palaeofire database for Australia, New Guinea, and New Zealand
ARGO: ARctic greenhouse Gas Observation metadata version 1
WetCH4: a machine-learning-based upscaling of methane fluxes of northern wetlands during 2016–2022
The European Forest Disturbance Atlas: a forest disturbance monitoring system using the Landsat archive
An expert survey on chamber measurement techniques and data handling procedures for methane fluxes
LegacyVegetation: Northern Hemisphere reconstruction of past plant cover and total tree cover from pollen archives of the last 14 kyr
A new habitat map of the Lena Delta in Arctic Siberia based on field and remote sensing datasets
Mapping global leaf inclination angle (LIA) based on field measurement data
A post-processed carbon flux dataset for 34 eddy covariance flux sites across the Heihe River basin, China
Century-long reconstruction of gridded phosphorus surplus across Europe (1850–2019)
High-resolution carbon cycling data from 2019 to 2021 measured at six Austrian long-term ecosystem research sites
Remote sensing of young leaf photosynthetic capacity in tropical and subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests
The JapanFlux2024 dataset for eddy covariance observations covering Japan and East Asia from 1990 to 2023
An organic matter database (OMD): consolidating global residue data from agriculture, fisheries, forestry and related industries
China's annual forest age dataset at 30 m spatial resolution from 1986 to 2022
Gas exchange velocities (k600), gas exchange rates (K600), and hydraulic geometries for streams and rivers derived from the NEON Reaeration field and lab collection data product (DP1.20190.001)
Permafrost-wildfire interactions: Active layer thickness estimates for paired burned and unburned sites in northern high-latitudes
Multi-temporal high-resolution data products of ecosystem structure derived from country-wide airborne laser scanning surveys of the Netherlands
A spectral–structural characterization of European temperate, hemiboreal, and boreal forests
VODCA v2: multi-sensor, multi-frequency vegetation optical depth data for long-term canopy dynamics and biomass monitoring
Crop-specific management history of phosphorus fertilizer input (CMH-P) in the croplands of the United States: reconciliation of top-down and bottom-up data sources
Enhancing long-term vegetation monitoring in Australia: a new approach for harmonising the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer normalised-difference vegetation index (NDVI) with MODIS NDVI
Global patterns and drivers of soil dissolved organic carbon concentrations
A synthesized field survey database of vegetation and active-layer properties for the Alaskan tundra (1972–2020)
A vegetation phenology dataset by integrating multiple sources using the Reliability Ensemble Averaging method
TCSIF: a temporally consistent global Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2A (GOME-2A) solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence dataset with the correction of sensor degradation
Global nitrous oxide budget (1980–2020)
National forest carbon harvesting and allocation dataset for the period 2003 to 2018
Spatial mapping of key plant functional traits in terrestrial ecosystems across China
HiQ-LAI: a high-quality reprocessed MODIS leaf area index dataset with better spatiotemporal consistency from 2000 to 2022
EUPollMap: the European atlas of contemporary pollen distribution maps derived from an integrated Kriging interpolation approach
Reference maps of soil phosphorus for the pan-Amazon region
Mapping 24 woody plant species phenology and ground forest phenology over China from 1951 to 2020
Sensor-independent LAI/FPAR CDR: reconstructing a global sensor-independent climate data record of MODIS and VIIRS LAI/FPAR from 2000 to 2022
Investigating limnological processes and modern sedimentation at Lake Żabińskie, northeast Poland: a decade-long multi-variable dataset, 2012–2021
Spatiotemporally consistent global dataset of the GIMMS leaf area index (GIMMS LAI4g) from 1982 to 2020
CEDAR-GPP: spatiotemporally upscaled estimates of gross primary productivity incorporating CO2 fertilization
Spatiotemporally consistent global dataset of the GIMMS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (PKU GIMMS NDVI) from 1982 to 2022
CLIM4OMICS: a geospatially comprehensive climate and multi-OMICS database for maize phenotype predictability in the United States and Canada
Quantifying exchangeable base cations in permafrost: a reserve of nutrients about to thaw
Routine monitoring of western Lake Erie to track water quality changes associated with cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms
The Portuguese Large Wildfire Spread database (PT-FireSprd)
Thirty-meter map of young forest age in China
GRiMeDB: the Global River Methane Database of concentrations and fluxes
A gridded dataset of a leaf-age-dependent leaf area index seasonality product over tropical and subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests
Fire weather index data under historical and shared socioeconomic pathway projections in the 6th phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project from 1850 to 2100
A remote-sensing-based dataset to characterize the ecosystem functioning and functional diversity in the Biosphere Reserve of the Sierra Nevada (southeastern Spain)
A global long-term, high-resolution satellite radar backscatter data record (1992–2022+): merging C-band ERS/ASCAT and Ku-band QSCAT
A global database on holdover time of lightning-ignited wildfires
National CO2 budgets (2015–2020) inferred from atmospheric CO2 observations in support of the global stocktake
Emma Rehn, Haidee Cadd, Scott Mooney, Tim J. Cohen, Henry Munack, Alexandru T. Codilean, Matthew Adeleye, Kristen K. Beck, Mark Constantine IV, Chris Gouramanis, Johanna M. Hanson, Penelope J. Jones, A. Peter Kershaw, Lydia Mackenzie, Maame Maisie, Michela Mariani, Kia Matley, David McWethy, Keely Mills, Patrick Moss, Nicholas R. Patton, Cassandra Rowe, Janelle Stevenson, John Tibby, and Janet Wilmshurst
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2681–2692, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2681-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2681-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents SahulCHAR, a new collection of palaeofire (ancient fire) records from Australia, New Guinea, and New Zealand. SahulCHAR version 1 contains 687 records of sedimentary charcoal or black carbon, including digitized data, records from existing databases, and original author-submitted data. SahulCHAR is a much-needed update to past charcoal compilations that will also provide greater representation of records from this region in future global syntheses to understand past fire.
Judith Vogt, Martijn M. T. A. Pallandt, Luana S. Basso, Abdullah Bolek, Kseniia Ivanova, Mark Schlutow, Gerardo Celis, McKenzie Kuhn, Marguerite Mauritz, Edward A. G. Schuur, Kyle Arndt, Anna-Maria Virkkala, Isabel Wargowsky, and Mathias Göckede
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2553–2573, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2553-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2553-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We present a meta-dataset of greenhouse gas observations in the Arctic and boreal regions, including information on sites where greenhouse gases have been measured using different measurement techniques. We provide a novel repository of metadata to facilitate synthesis efforts for regions undergoing rapid environmental change. The meta-dataset shows where measurements are missing and will be updated as new measurements are published.
Qing Ying, Benjamin Poulter, Jennifer D. Watts, Kyle A. Arndt, Anna-Maria Virkkala, Lori Bruhwiler, Youmi Oh, Brendan M. Rogers, Susan M. Natali, Hilary Sullivan, Amanda Armstrong, Eric J. Ward, Luke D. Schiferl, Clayton D. Elder, Olli Peltola, Annett Bartsch, Ankur R. Desai, Eugénie Euskirchen, Mathias Göckede, Bernhard Lehner, Mats B. Nilsson, Matthias Peichl, Oliver Sonnentag, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Torsten Sachs, Aram Kalhori, Masahito Ueyama, and Zhen Zhang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2507–2534, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2507-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2507-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We present daily methane (CH4) fluxes of northern wetlands at 10 km resolution during 2016–2022 (WetCH4) derived from a novel machine learning framework. We estimated an average annual CH4 emission of 22.8 ± 2.4 Tg CH4 yr−1 (15.7–51.6 Tg CH4 yr−1). Emissions were intensified in 2016, 2020, and 2022, with the largest interannual variation coming from Western Siberia. Continued, all-season tower observations and improved soil moisture products are needed for future improvement of CH4 upscaling.
Alba Viana-Soto and Cornelius Senf
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2373–2404, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2373-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2373-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Europe's forests are undergoing complex changes in response to increasing disturbances driven by climate and land use changes. Here, we present the European Forest Disturbance Atlas, a satellite-based approach for mapping annual forest disturbances across continental Europe from 1985 onwards. Maps provide insights into the year of disturbance occurrence, the actual frequency of disturbances, severity and the underlying causal agent, thus contributing to a future monitoring system envisioned for Europe.
Katharina Jentzsch, Lona van Delden, Matthias Fuchs, and Claire C. Treat
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2331–2372, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2331-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2331-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Methane is a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming, but we do not fully understand how much is released from natural sources like wetlands. To measure methane over large areas, many measurements are needed, often from small chambers that are placed on the ground. However, different researchers use different measurement setups, making it hard to combine data. We surveyed 36 researchers about their methods, summarized the responses, and identified ways to make the data more comparable.
Laura Schild, Peter Ewald, Chenzhi Li, Raphaël Hébert, Thomas Laepple, and Ulrike Herzschuh
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2007–2033, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2007-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2007-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study reconstructed vegetation and tree cover in the Northern Hemisphere from a harmonized dataset of pollen counts from sediment and peat cores for the past 14 000 years. A model was applied to correct for differences in pollen production between different plants, and modern remote-sensing forest cover was used to validate the reconstructed tree cover. Accurate data on past vegetation are invaluable for the investigation of vegetation–climate dynamics and the validation of vegetation models.
Simeon Lisovski, Alexandra Runge, Iuliia Shevtsova, Nele Landgraf, Anne Morgenstern, Ronald Reagan Okoth, Matthias Fuchs, Nikolay Lashchinskiy, Carl Stadie, Alison Beamish, Ulrike Herzschuh, Guido Grosse, and Birgit Heim
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1707–1730, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1707-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1707-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The Lena Delta is the largest river delta in the Arctic and represents a biodiversity hotspot. Here, we describe multiple field datasets and a detailed habitat classification map for the Lena Delta. We present context and methods of these openly available datasets and show how they can improve our understanding of the rapidly changing Arctic tundra system.
Sijia Li and Hongliang Fang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1347–1366, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1347-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1347-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Leaf inclination angle (LIA) is a vital trait in radiative transfer, rainfall interception, evapotranspiration, photosynthesis, and hydrological processes. However, global LIA knowledge is still lacking. This study generated the first global 500 m LIA products by gap-filling LIA measurement data. The global LIA is 41.47° ± 9.55° and increases with latitude. LIA products could enhance our understanding of global LIA and assist remote sensing retrieval and land surface modeling studies.
Xufeng Wang, Tao Che, Jingfeng Xiao, Tonghong Wang, Junlei Tan, Yang Zhang, Zhiguo Ren, Liying Geng, Haibo Wang, Ziwei Xu, Shaomin Liu, and Xin Li
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1329–1346, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1329-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1329-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, carbon flux and auxiliary meteorological data are post-processed to create an analysis-ready dataset for 34 sites across six ecosystems in the Heihe River basin. Overall, 18 sites have multi-year observations, while 16 were observed only during the 2012 growing season, totaling 1513 site months. This dataset can be used to explore carbon exchange, assess ecosystem responses to climate change, support upscaling studies, and evaluate carbon cycle models.
Masooma Batool, Fanny J. Sarrazin, and Rohini Kumar
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 881–916, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-881-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-881-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Our paper presents a reconstruction and analysis of the gridded P surplus in European landscapes from 1850 to 2019 at a 5 arcmin resolution. By utilizing 48 different estimates, we account for uncertainties in major components of the P surplus. Our findings highlight substantial historical changes, with the total P surplus in the EU 27 tripling over 170 years. Our dataset enables flexible aggregation at various spatial scales, providing critical insights for land and water management strategies.
Thomas Dirnböck, Michael Bahn, Eugenio Diaz-Pines, Ika Djukic, Michael Englisch, Karl Gartner, Günther Gollobich, Johannes Ingrisch, Barbara Kitzler, Karl Knaebel, Johannes Kobler, Andreas Maier, Armin Malli, Ivo Offenthaler, Johannes Peterseil, Gisela Pröll, Sarah Venier, Christoph Wohner, Sophie Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Anita Zolles, and Stephan Glatzel
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 685–702, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-685-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-685-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term observation sites have been established in six Austrian locations, covering major ecosystem types such as forests, grasslands, and wetlands. The purpose of these observations is to measure baselines for assessing the impacts of extreme climate events on the carbon cycle. The collected datasets include meteorological variables, soil temperature and moisture, carbon dioxide fluxes, and tree stem growth in forests at a resolution of 15–60 min between 2019 and 2021.
Xueqin Yang, Qingling Sun, Liusheng Han, Wenping Yuan, Jie Tian, Liyang Liu, Wei Zheng, Mei Wang, Yunpeng Wang, and Xiuzhi Chen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-64, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-64, 2025
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding how leaves absorb carbon from the atmosphere is essential for predicting changes in global forests. Young leaves play a key role in this process, but their efficiency has been difficult to measure at large scales. Using satellite data, we developed a new method to track the seasonal patterns of young leaves’ photosynthetic capacity from 2001 to 2018. Our dataset helps scientists better understand forest growth and how ecosystems respond to climate change.
Masahito Ueyama, Yuta Takao, Hiromi Yazawa, Makiko Tanaka, Hironori Yabuki, Tomo’omi Kumagai, Hiroki Iwata, Md. Abdul Awal, Mingyuan Du, Yoshinobu Harazono, Yoshiaki Hata, Takashi Hirano, Tsutom Hiura, Reiko Ide, Sachinobu Ishida, Mamoru Ishikawa, Kenzo Kitamura, Yuji Kominami, Shujiro Komiya, Ayumi Kotani, Yuta Inoue, Takashi Machimura, Kazuho Matsumoto, Yojiro Matsuura, Yasuko Mizoguchi, Shohei Murayama, Hirohiko Nagano, Taro Nakai, Tatsuro Nakaji, Ko Nakaya, Shinjiro Ohkubo, Takeshi Ohta, Keisuke Ono, Taku M. Saitoh, Ayaka Sakabe, Takanori Shimizu, Seiji Shimoda, Michiaki Sugita, Kentaro Takagi, Yoshiyuki Takahashi, Naoya Takamura, Satoru Takanashi, Takahiro Takimoto, Yukio Yasuda, Qinxue Wang, Jun Asanuma, Hideo Hasegawa, Tetsuya Hiyama, Yoshihiro Iijima, Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Masayuki Itoh, Tomomichi Kato, Hiroaki Kondo, Yoshiko Kosugi, Tomonori Kume, Takahisa Maeda, Trofim Maximov, Ryo Moriwaki, Hiroyuki Muraoka, Roman Petrov, Jun Suzuki, Shingo Taniguchi, and Kazuhito Ichii
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-615, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-615, 2025
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
The JapanFlux2024 dataset, created through collaboration across Japan and East Asia, includes eddy covariance data from 79 sites spanning 652 site-years (1990–2023). This comprehensive dataset offers valuable insights into energy, water, and CO2 fluxes, supporting research on land-atmosphere interactions and process models. Compatible with FLUXNET, it fosters global collaboration and advances research in environmental science and regional climate dynamics.
Gudeta Weldesemayat Sileshi, Edmundo Barrios, Johannes Lehmann, and Francesco Nicola Tubiello
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 369–391, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-369-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-369-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Agricultural, fishery, forestry and agro-processing activities produce large quantities of residues, by-products and waste materials every year. Here, we present a global organic matter database (OMD), the first of its kind, consolidating estimates of residues and by-products potentially available for use in a circular bio-economy. It also provides definitions, typologies and methods to aid consistent classification, estimation and reporting of the various residues and by-products.
Rong Shang, Xudong Lin, Jing M. Chen, Yunjian Liang, Keyan Fang, Mingzhu Xu, Yulin Yan, Weimin Ju, Guirui Yu, Nianpeng He, Li Xu, Liangyun Liu, Jing Li, Wang Li, Jun Zhai, and Zhongmin Hu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-574, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-574, 2025
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Forest age is critical for carbon cycle modelling and effective forest management. Existing datasets, however, have low spatial resolutions or limited temporal coverage. This study introduces China's Annual Forest Age Dataset (CAFA), spanning 1986–2022 at 30-m resolution. By tracking forest disturbances, we annually update ages. Validation shows small errors for disturbed forests and larger for undisturbed forests. CAFA can enhance carbon cycle modelling and forest management in China.
Kelly S. Aho, Kaelin M. Cawley, Robert T. Hensley, Robert O. Hall Jr., Walter K. Dodds, and Keli J. Goodman
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 5563–5578, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5563-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5563-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Gas exchange is fundamental to many biogeochemical processes in streams and depends on the degree of gas saturation and the gas transfer velocity (k). Currently, k is harder to measure than concentration. Here, we present a processing pipeline to estimate k from tracer-gas experiments conducted in 22 streams by the National Ecological Observatory Network. The processed dataset (n = 339) represents the largest compilation of standardized k estimates available.
Anna Talucci, Michael M. Loranty, Jean E. Holloway, Brendan M. Rogers, Heather D. Alexander, Natalie Baillargeon, Jennifer L. Baltzer, Logan T. Berner, Amy Breen, Leya Brodt, Brian Buma, Jacqueline Dean, Clement J. F. Delcourt, Lucas R. Diaz, Catherine M. Dieleman, Thomas A. Douglas, Gerald V. Frost, Benjamin V. Gaglioti, Rebecca E. Hewitt, Teresa Hollingsworth, M. Torre Jorgenson, Mark J. Lara, Rachel A. Loehman, Michelle C. Mack, Kristen L. Manies, Christina Minions, Susan M. Natali, Jonathan A. O'Donnell, David Olefeldt, Alison K. Paulson, Adrian V. Rocha, Lisa B. Saperstein, Tatiana A. Shestakova, Seeta Sistla, Oleg Sizov, Andrey Soromotin, Merritt R. Turetsky, Sander Veraverbeke, and Michelle A. Walvoord
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-526, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-526, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Wildfires have the potential to accelerate permafrost thaw and the associated feedbacks to climate change. We assembled a data set of permafrost thaw depth measurements from burned and unburned sites contributed by researchers from across the northern high latitude region. We estimated maximum thaw depth for each measurement, which addresses a key challenge: the ability to assess impacts of wildfire on maximum thaw depth when measurement timing varies.
Yifang Shi and W. Daniel Kissling
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-488, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-488, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
We present a new set of multi-temporal LiDAR metrics of ecosystem structure derived from four national ALS surveys of the Netherlands (AHN1–AHN4), capturing vegetation height, cover, and structural variability over the past two decades (1998–2022). Around 70 TB point clouds have been processed to read-to-use raster layers at 10 m resolution (~ 59 GB), enabling a wide use and uptake of ecosystem structure information in biodiversity and habitat monitoring, ecosystem and carbon dynamic modelling.
Miina Rautiainen, Aarne Hovi, Daniel Schraik, Jan Hanuš, Petr Lukeš, Zuzana Lhotáková, and Lucie Homolová
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 5069–5087, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5069-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5069-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Radiative transfer models play a key role in monitoring vegetation using remote sensing data such as satellite or airborne images. The development of these models has been hindered by a lack of comprehensive ground reference data on structural and spectral characteristics of forests. Here, we reported datasets on the structural and spectral properties of temperate, hemiboreal, and boreal European forest stands. We anticipate that these data will have wide use in remote sensing applications.
Ruxandra-Maria Zotta, Leander Moesinger, Robin van der Schalie, Mariette Vreugdenhil, Wolfgang Preimesberger, Thomas Frederikse, Richard de Jeu, and Wouter Dorigo
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4573–4617, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4573-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4573-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
VODCA v2 is a dataset providing vegetation indicators for long-term ecosystem monitoring. VODCA v2 comprises two products: VODCA CXKu, spanning 34 years of observations (1987–2021), suitable for monitoring upper canopy dynamics, and VODCA L (2010–2021), for above-ground biomass monitoring. VODCA v2 has lower noise levels than the previous product version and provides valuable insights into plant water dynamics and biomass changes, even in areas where optical data are limited.
Peiyu Cao, Bo Yi, Franco Bilotto, Carlos Gonzalez Fischer, Mario Herrero, and Chaoqun Lu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4557–4572, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4557-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4557-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This article presents a spatially explicit time series dataset reconstructing crop-specific phosphorus fertilizer application rates, timing, and methods at a 4 km × 4 km resolution in the United States from 1850 to 2022. We comprehensively characterized the spatio-temporal dynamics of P fertilizer management over the last 170 years by considering cross-crop variations. This dataset will greatly contribute to the field of agricultural sustainability assessment and Earth system modeling.
Chad A. Burton, Sami W. Rifai, Luigi J. Renzullo, and Albert I. J. M. Van Dijk
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4389–4416, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4389-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4389-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding vegetation response to environmental change requires accurate, long-term data on vegetation condition (VC). We evaluated existing satellite VC datasets over Australia and found them lacking, so we developed a new VC dataset for Australia, AusENDVI. It can be used for studying Australia's changing vegetation dynamics and downstream impacts on the carbon and water cycles, and it provides a reliable foundation for further research into the drivers of vegetation change.
Tianjing Ren and Andong Cai
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-343, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-343, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
This study compiles a global database of soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations, a key factor in soil health and climate change. Using machine learning, it identifies the most influential factors affecting soil DOC levels and maps global patterns. The findings help guide soil management and climate strategies, with the dataset available for further research.
Xiaoran Zhu, Dong Chen, Maruko Kogure, Elizabeth Hoy, Logan T. Berner, Amy L. Breen, Abhishek Chatterjee, Scott J. Davidson, Gerald V. Frost, Teresa N. Hollingsworth, Go Iwahana, Randi R. Jandt, Anja N. Kade, Tatiana V. Loboda, Matt J. Macander, Michelle Mack, Charles E. Miller, Eric A. Miller, Susan M. Natali, Martha K. Raynolds, Adrian V. Rocha, Shiro Tsuyuzaki, Craig E. Tweedie, Donald A. Walker, Mathew Williams, Xin Xu, Yingtong Zhang, Nancy French, and Scott Goetz
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3687–3703, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3687-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3687-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Arctic tundra is experiencing widespread physical and biological changes, largely in response to warming, yet scientific understanding of tundra ecology and change remains limited due to relatively limited accessibility and studies compared to other terrestrial biomes. To support synthesis research and inform future studies, we created the Synthesized Alaskan Tundra Field Dataset (SATFiD), which brings together field datasets and includes vegetation, active-layer, and fire properties.
Yishuo Cui, Shouzhi Chen, Yufeng Gong, Mingwei Li, Zitong Jia, Yuyu Zhou, and Yongshuo H. Fu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-225, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-225, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Global changes have significantly altered vegetation phenology, affecting terrestrial carbon cycle. While various remote-sensing-based phenology datasets exist, they often suffer from inconsistencies and uncertainties. To address this, we developed a new phenology dataset spanning 1982 to 2022 using a reliability ensemble averaging method. Validated against ground data, our dataset demonstrates substantially improved accuracy, providing a novel and reliable source for global ecological studies.
Chu Zou, Shanshan Du, Xinjie Liu, and Liangyun Liu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2789–2809, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2789-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2789-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
To obtain a temporally consistent satellite solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence
(SIF) product (TCSIF), we corrected for time degradation of GOME-2A using a pseudo-invariant method. After the correction, the global SIF grew by 0.70 % per year from 2007 to 2021, and 62.91 % of vegetated regions underwent an increase in SIF. The dataset is a promising tool for monitoring global vegetation variation and will advance our understanding of vegetation's photosynthetic activities at a global scale.
(SIF) product (TCSIF), we corrected for time degradation of GOME-2A using a pseudo-invariant method. After the correction, the global SIF grew by 0.70 % per year from 2007 to 2021, and 62.91 % of vegetated regions underwent an increase in SIF. The dataset is a promising tool for monitoring global vegetation variation and will advance our understanding of vegetation's photosynthetic activities at a global scale.
Hanqin Tian, Naiqing Pan, Rona L. Thompson, Josep G. Canadell, Parvadha Suntharalingam, Pierre Regnier, Eric A. Davidson, Michael Prather, Philippe Ciais, Marilena Muntean, Shufen Pan, Wilfried Winiwarter, Sönke Zaehle, Feng Zhou, Robert B. Jackson, Hermann W. Bange, Sarah Berthet, Zihao Bian, Daniele Bianchi, Alexander F. Bouwman, Erik T. Buitenhuis, Geoffrey Dutton, Minpeng Hu, Akihiko Ito, Atul K. Jain, Aurich Jeltsch-Thömmes, Fortunat Joos, Sian Kou-Giesbrecht, Paul B. Krummel, Xin Lan, Angela Landolfi, Ronny Lauerwald, Ya Li, Chaoqun Lu, Taylor Maavara, Manfredi Manizza, Dylan B. Millet, Jens Mühle, Prabir K. Patra, Glen P. Peters, Xiaoyu Qin, Peter Raymond, Laure Resplandy, Judith A. Rosentreter, Hao Shi, Qing Sun, Daniele Tonina, Francesco N. Tubiello, Guido R. van der Werf, Nicolas Vuichard, Junjie Wang, Kelley C. Wells, Luke M. Western, Chris Wilson, Jia Yang, Yuanzhi Yao, Yongfa You, and Qing Zhu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2543–2604, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2543-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2543-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric concentrations of nitrous oxide (N2O), a greenhouse gas 273 times more potent than carbon dioxide, have increased by 25 % since the preindustrial period, with the highest observed growth rate in 2020 and 2021. This rapid growth rate has primarily been due to a 40 % increase in anthropogenic emissions since 1980. Observed atmospheric N2O concentrations in recent years have exceeded the worst-case climate scenario, underscoring the importance of reducing anthropogenic N2O emissions.
Daju Wang, Peiyang Ren, Xiaosheng Xia, Lei Fan, Zhangcai Qin, Xiuzhi Chen, and Wenping Yuan
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2465–2481, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2465-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2465-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study generated a high-precision dataset, locating forest harvested carbon and quantifying post-harvest wood emissions for various uses. It enhances our understanding of forest harvesting and post-harvest carbon dynamics in China, providing essential data for estimating the forest ecosystem carbon budget and emphasizing wood utilization's impact on carbon emissions.
Nannan An, Nan Lu, Weiliang Chen, Yongzhe Chen, Hao Shi, Fuzhong Wu, and Bojie Fu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1771–1810, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1771-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1771-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study generated a spatially continuous plant functional trait dataset (~1 km) in China in combination with field observations, environmental variables and vegetation indices using machine learning methods. Results showed that wood density, leaf P concentration and specific leaf area showed good accuracy with an average R2 of higher than 0.45. This dataset could provide data support for development of Earth system models to predict vegetation distribution and ecosystem functions.
Kai Yan, Jingrui Wang, Rui Peng, Kai Yang, Xiuzhi Chen, Gaofei Yin, Jinwei Dong, Marie Weiss, Jiabin Pu, and Ranga B. Myneni
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1601–1622, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1601-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1601-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Variations in observational conditions have led to poor spatiotemporal consistency in leaf area index (LAI) time series. Using prior knowledge, we leveraged high-quality observations and spatiotemporal correlation to reprocess MODIS LAI, thereby generating HiQ-LAI, a product that exhibits fewer abnormal fluctuations in time series. Reprocessing was done on Google Earth Engine, providing users with convenient access to this value-added data and facilitating large-scale research and applications.
Fabio Oriani, Gregoire Mariethoz, and Manuel Chevalier
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 731–742, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-731-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-731-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Modern and fossil pollen data contain precious information for reconstructing the climate and environment of the past. However, these data are only achieved for single locations with no continuity in space. We present here a systematic atlas of 194 digital maps containing the spatial estimation of contemporary pollen presence over Europe. This dataset constitutes a free and ready-to-use tool to study climate, biodiversity, and environment in time and space.
João Paulo Darela-Filho, Anja Rammig, Katrin Fleischer, Tatiana Reichert, Laynara Figueiredo Lugli, Carlos Alberto Quesada, Luis Carlos Colocho Hurtarte, Mateus Dantas de Paula, and David M. Lapola
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 715–729, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-715-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-715-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Phosphorus (P) is crucial for plant growth, and scientists have created models to study how it interacts with carbon cycle in ecosystems. To apply these models, it is important to know the distribution of phosphorus in soil. In this study we estimated the distribution of phosphorus in the Amazon region. The results showed a clear gradient of soil development and P content. These maps can help improve ecosystem models and generate new hypotheses about phosphorus availability in the Amazon.
Mengyao Zhu, Junhu Dai, Huanjiong Wang, Juha M. Alatalo, Wei Liu, Yulong Hao, and Quansheng Ge
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 277–293, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-277-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-277-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study utilized 24,552 in situ phenology observation records from the Chinese Phenology Observation Network to model and map 24 woody plant species phenology and ground forest phenology over China from 1951 to 2020. These phenology maps are the first gridded, independent and reliable phenology data sources for China, offering a high spatial resolution of 0.1° and an average deviation of about 10 days. It contributes to more comprehensive research on plant phenology and climate change.
Jiabin Pu, Kai Yan, Samapriya Roy, Zaichun Zhu, Miina Rautiainen, Yuri Knyazikhin, and Ranga B. Myneni
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 15–34, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-15-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-15-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term global LAI/FPAR products provide the fundamental dataset for accessing vegetation dynamics and studying climate change. This study develops a sensor-independent LAI/FPAR climate data record based on the integration of Terra-MODIS/Aqua-MODIS/VIIRS LAI/FPAR standard products and applies advanced gap-filling techniques. The SI LAI/FPAR CDR provides a valuable resource for researchers studying vegetation dynamics and their relationship to climate change in the 21st century.
Wojciech Tylmann, Alicja Bonk, Dariusz Borowiak, Paulina Głowacka, Kamil Nowiński, Joanna Piłczyńska, Agnieszka Szczerba, and Maurycy Żarczyński
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 5093–5103, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5093-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5093-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a dataset from the decade-long monitoring of Lake Żabińskie, a hardwater and eutrophic lake in northeast Poland. The lake contains varved sediments, which form a unique archive of past environmental variability. The monitoring program was designed to capture a pattern of relationships between meteorological conditions, limnological processes, and modern sedimentation and to verify if meteorological and limnological phenomena can be precisely tracked with varves.
Sen Cao, Muyi Li, Zaichun Zhu, Zhe Wang, Junjun Zha, Weiqing Zhao, Zeyu Duanmu, Jiana Chen, Yaoyao Zheng, Yue Chen, Ranga B. Myneni, and Shilong Piao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 4877–4899, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4877-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4877-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The long-term global leaf area index (LAI) products are critical for characterizing vegetation dynamics under environmental changes. This study presents an updated GIMMS LAI product (GIMMS LAI4g; 1982−2020) based on PKU GIMMS NDVI and massive Landsat LAI samples. With higher accuracy than other LAI products, GIMMS LAI4g removes the effects of orbital drift and sensor degradation in AVHRR data. It has better temporal consistency before and after 2000 and a more reasonable global vegetation trend.
Yanghui Kang, Max Gaber, Maoya Bassiouni, Xinchen Lu, and Trevor Keenan
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-337, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-337, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
CEDAR-GPP provides spatiotemporally upscaled estimates of Gross Primary Productivity, uniquely incorporating the direct effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 on global photosynthesis. This dataset was produced by upscaling global eddy covariance measurements with multi-source satellite observations and climate data using machine learning. Available at monthly and 0.05° resolution from 1982 to 2020, CEDAR-GPP offers critical insights into ecosystem-climate interaction.
Muyi Li, Sen Cao, Zaichun Zhu, Zhe Wang, Ranga B. Myneni, and Shilong Piao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 4181–4203, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4181-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4181-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term global Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) products support the understanding of changes in vegetation under environmental changes. This study generates a consistent global NDVI product (PKU GIMMS NDVI) from 1982–2022 that eliminates the issue of orbital drift and sensor degradation in Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data. More accurate than its predecessor (GIMMS NDVI3g), it shows high temporal consistency with MODIS NDVI in describing vegetation trends.
Parisa Sarzaeim, Francisco Muñoz-Arriola, Diego Jarquin, Hasnat Aslam, and Natalia De Leon Gatti
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3963–3990, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3963-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3963-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A genomic, phenomic, and climate database for maize phenotype predictability in the US and Canada is introduced. The database encompasses climate from multiple sources and OMICS from the Genomes to Fields initiative (G2F) data from 2014 to 2021, including codes for input data quality and consistency controls. Earth system modelers and breeders can use CLIM4OMICS since it interconnects the climate and biological system sciences. CLIM4OMICS is designed to foster phenotype predictability.
Elisabeth Mauclet, Maëlle Villani, Arthur Monhonval, Catherine Hirst, Edward A. G. Schuur, and Sophie Opfergelt
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3891–3904, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3891-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3891-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost ecosystems are limited in nutrients for vegetation development and constrain the biological activity to the active layer. Upon Arctic warming, permafrost degradation exposes organic and mineral soil material that may directly influence the capacity of the soil to retain key nutrients for vegetation growth and development. Here, we demonstrate that the average total exchangeable nutrient density (Ca, K, Mg, and Na) is more than 2 times higher in the permafrost than in the active layer.
Anna G. Boegehold, Ashley M. Burtner, Andrew C. Camilleri, Glenn Carter, Paul DenUyl, David Fanslow, Deanna Fyffe Semenyuk, Casey M. Godwin, Duane Gossiaux, Thomas H. Johengen, Holly Kelchner, Christine Kitchens, Lacey A. Mason, Kelly McCabe, Danna Palladino, Dack Stuart, Henry Vanderploeg, and Reagan Errera
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3853–3868, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3853-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3853-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Western Lake Erie suffers from cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (HABs) despite decades of international management efforts. In response, the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) and the Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research (CIGLR) created an annual sampling program to detect, monitor, assess, and predict HABs. Here we describe the data collected from this monitoring program from 2012 to 2021.
Akli Benali, Nuno Guiomar, Hugo Gonçalves, Bernardo Mota, Fábio Silva, Paulo M. Fernandes, Carlos Mota, Alexandre Penha, João Santos, José M. C. Pereira, and Ana C. L. Sá
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3791–3818, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3791-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3791-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We reconstructed the spread of 80 large wildfires that burned recently in Portugal and calculated metrics that describe how wildfires behave, such as rate of spread, growth rate, and energy released. We describe the fire behaviour distribution using six percentile intervals that can be easily communicated to both research and management communities. The database will help improve our current knowledge on wildfire behaviour and support better decision making.
Yuelong Xiao, Qunming Wang, Xiaohua Tong, and Peter M. Atkinson
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3365–3386, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3365-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3365-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Forest age is closely related to forest production, carbon cycles, and other ecosystem services. Existing stand age products in China derived from remote-sensing images are of a coarse spatial resolution and are not suitable for applications at the regional scale. Here, we mapped young forest ages across China at an unprecedented fine spatial resolution of 30 m. The overall accuracy (OA) of the generated map of young forest stand ages across China was 90.28 %.
Emily H. Stanley, Luke C. Loken, Nora J. Casson, Samantha K. Oliver, Ryan A. Sponseller, Marcus B. Wallin, Liwei Zhang, and Gerard Rocher-Ros
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2879–2926, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2879-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2879-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Global River Methane Database (GRiMeDB) presents CH4 concentrations and fluxes for flowing waters and concurrent measures of CO2, N2O, and several physicochemical variables, plus information about sample locations and methods used to measure gas fluxes. GRiMeDB is intended to increase opportunities to understand variation in fluvial CH4, test hypotheses related to greenhouse gas dynamics, and reduce uncertainty in future estimates of gas emissions from world streams and rivers.
Xueqin Yang, Xiuzhi Chen, Jiashun Ren, Wenping Yuan, Liyang Liu, Juxiu Liu, Dexiang Chen, Yihua Xiao, Qinghai Song, Yanjun Du, Shengbiao Wu, Lei Fan, Xiaoai Dai, Yunpeng Wang, and Yongxian Su
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2601–2622, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2601-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2601-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We developed the first time-mapped, continental-scale gridded dataset of monthly leaf area index (LAI) in three leaf age cohorts (i.e., young, mature, and old) from 2001–2018 data (referred to as Lad-LAI). The seasonality of three LAI cohorts from the new Lad-LAI product agrees well at eight sites with very fine-scale collections of monthly LAI. The proposed satellite-based approaches can provide references for mapping finer spatiotemporal-resolution LAI products with different leaf age cohorts.
Yann Quilcaille, Fulden Batibeniz, Andreia F. S. Ribeiro, Ryan S. Padrón, and Sonia I. Seneviratne
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2153–2177, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2153-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2153-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a new database of four annual fire weather indicators over 1850–2100 and over all land areas. In a 3°C warmer world with respect to preindustrial times, the mean fire weather would increase on average by at least 66% in both intensity and duration and even triple for 1-in-10-year events. The dataset is a freely available resource for fire danger studies and beyond, highlighting that the best course of action would require limiting global warming as much as possible.
Beatriz P. Cazorla, Javier Cabello, Andrés Reyes, Emilio Guirado, Julio Peñas, Antonio J. Pérez-Luque, and Domingo Alcaraz-Segura
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1871–1887, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1871-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1871-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This dataset provides scientists, environmental managers, and the public in general with valuable information on the first characterization of ecosystem functional diversity based on primary production developed in the Sierra Nevada (Spain), a biodiversity hotspot in the Mediterranean basin and an exceptional natural laboratory for ecological research within the Long-Term Social-Ecological Research (LTSER) network.
Shengli Tao, Zurui Ao, Jean-Pierre Wigneron, Sassan Saatchi, Philippe Ciais, Jérôme Chave, Thuy Le Toan, Pierre-Louis Frison, Xiaomei Hu, Chi Chen, Lei Fan, Mengjia Wang, Jiangling Zhu, Xia Zhao, Xiaojun Li, Xiangzhuo Liu, Yanjun Su, Tianyu Hu, Qinghua Guo, Zhiheng Wang, Zhiyao Tang, Yi Y. Liu, and Jingyun Fang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1577–1596, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1577-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1577-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We provide the first long-term (since 1992), high-resolution (8.9 km) satellite radar backscatter data set (LHScat) with a C-band (5.3 GHz) signal dynamic for global lands. LHScat was created by fusing signals from ERS (1992–2001; C-band), QSCAT (1999–2009; Ku-band), and ASCAT (since 2007; C-band). LHScat has been validated against independent ERS-2 signals. It could be used in a variety of studies, such as vegetation monitoring and hydrological modelling.
Jose V. Moris, Pedro Álvarez-Álvarez, Marco Conedera, Annalie Dorph, Thomas D. Hessilt, Hugh G. P. Hunt, Renata Libonati, Lucas S. Menezes, Mortimer M. Müller, Francisco J. Pérez-Invernón, Gianni B. Pezzatti, Nicolau Pineda, Rebecca C. Scholten, Sander Veraverbeke, B. Mike Wotton, and Davide Ascoli
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1151–1163, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1151-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1151-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This work describes a database on holdover times of lightning-ignited wildfires (LIWs). Holdover time is defined as the time between lightning-induced fire ignition and fire detection. The database contains 42 datasets built with data on more than 152 375 LIWs from 13 countries in five continents from 1921 to 2020. This database is the first freely-available, harmonized and ready-to-use global source of holdover time data, which may be used to investigate LIWs and model the holdover phenomenon.
Brendan Byrne, David F. Baker, Sourish Basu, Michael Bertolacci, Kevin W. Bowman, Dustin Carroll, Abhishek Chatterjee, Frédéric Chevallier, Philippe Ciais, Noel Cressie, David Crisp, Sean Crowell, Feng Deng, Zhu Deng, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Manvendra K. Dubey, Sha Feng, Omaira E. García, David W. T. Griffith, Benedikt Herkommer, Lei Hu, Andrew R. Jacobson, Rajesh Janardanan, Sujong Jeong, Matthew S. Johnson, Dylan B. A. Jones, Rigel Kivi, Junjie Liu, Zhiqiang Liu, Shamil Maksyutov, John B. Miller, Scot M. Miller, Isamu Morino, Justus Notholt, Tomohiro Oda, Christopher W. O'Dell, Young-Suk Oh, Hirofumi Ohyama, Prabir K. Patra, Hélène Peiro, Christof Petri, Sajeev Philip, David F. Pollard, Benjamin Poulter, Marine Remaud, Andrew Schuh, Mahesh K. Sha, Kei Shiomi, Kimberly Strong, Colm Sweeney, Yao Té, Hanqin Tian, Voltaire A. Velazco, Mihalis Vrekoussis, Thorsten Warneke, John R. Worden, Debra Wunch, Yuanzhi Yao, Jeongmin Yun, Andrew Zammit-Mangion, and Ning Zeng
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 963–1004, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-963-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-963-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Changes in the carbon stocks of terrestrial ecosystems result in emissions and removals of CO2. These can be driven by anthropogenic activities (e.g., deforestation), natural processes (e.g., fires) or in response to rising CO2 (e.g., CO2 fertilization). This paper describes a dataset of CO2 emissions and removals derived from atmospheric CO2 observations. This pilot dataset informs current capabilities and future developments towards top-down monitoring and verification systems.
Cited articles
Abraham, V. and Kozáková, R.: Relative pollen productivity estimates
in the modern agricultural landscape of Central Bohemia (Czech Republic),
Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol., 179, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2012.04.004,
2012.
Abraham, V., Oušková, V., and Kuneš, P.: Present-Day Vegetation
Helps Quantifying Past Land Cover in Selected Regions of the Czech Republic,
edited by B. Bond-Lamberty, PLoS One, 9, e100117,
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0100117, 2014.
Andersen, S. T.: The relative pollen productivity and pollen representation
of north European trees, and correction factors for tree pollen spectra,
Danmarks Geol. Undersogelse II, 96, 1–99, https://doi.org/10.34194/raekke2.v96.6887, 1970.
Baker, A. G., Zimny, M., Keczyński, A., Bhagwat, S. A., Willis, K. J.,
and Latałowa, M.: Pollen productivity estimates from old-growth forest
strongly differ from those obtained in cultural landscapes: Evidence from
the Białowieża National Park, Poland, The Holocene, 26, 80–92,
https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683615596822, 2016.
Barnosky, A. D., Hadly, E. A., Bascompte, J., Berlow, E. L., Brown, J. H.,
Fortelius, M., Getz, W. M., Harte, J., Hastings, A., Marquet, P. A.,
Martinez, N. D., Mooers, A., Roopnarine, P., Vermeij, G., Williams, J. W.,
Gillespie, R., Kitzes, J., Marshall, C., Matzke, N., Mindell, D. P.,
Revilla, E., and Smith, A. B.: Approaching a state shift in Earth's
biosphere, Nature, 486, 52–58, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11018, 2012.
Beug, H. J.: Leitfaden der Pollenbestimmung für Mitteleuropa und
angrenzende Gebiete (Guide to pollen determination for Central Europe and
neighboring areas), Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, ISBN
10:3899370430, 2004.
Broström, A., Sugita, S., and Gaillard, M.-J.: Pollen productivity
estimates for the reconstruction of past vegetation cover in the cultural
landscape of southern Sweden, The Holocene, 14, 368–381,
https://doi.org/10.1191/0959683604hl713rp, 2004.
Broström, A., Sugita, S., Gaillard, M.-J., and Pilesjö, P.:
Estimating the spatial scale of pollen dispersal in the cultural landscape
of southern Sweden, The Holocene, 15, 252–262,
https://doi.org/10.1191/0959683605hl790rp, 2005.
Broström, A., Nielsen, A. B., Gaillard, M.-J., Hjelle, K., Mazier, F.,
Binney, H., Bunting, J., Fyfe, R., Meltsov, V., Poska, A., Räsänen,
S., Soepboer, W., von Stedingk, H., Suutari, H., and Sugita, S.: Pollen
productivity estimates of key European plant taxa for quantitative
reconstruction of past vegetation: a review, Veg. Hist. Archaeobot., 17,
461–478, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-008-0148-8, 2008.
Bunting, M. J., Armitage, R., Binney, H. A., and Waller, M.: Estimates
of`relative pollen productivity' and`relevant source area of pollen' for
major tree taxa in two Norfolk (UK) woodlands, The Holocene, 15,
459–465, https://doi.org/10.1191/0959683605hl821rr, 2005.
Bunting, M. J., Farrell, M., Broström, A., Hjelle, K. L., Mazier, F.,
Middleton, R., Nielsen, A. B., Rushton, E., Shaw, H., and Twiddle, C. L.:
Palynological perspectives on vegetation survey: a critical step for
model-based reconstruction of Quaternary land cover, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 82,
41–55, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.10.006, 2013a.
Bunting, M. J., Schofield, J. E., and Edwards, K. J.: Estimates of relative
pollen productivity (RPP) for selected taxa from southern Greenland: A
pragmatic solution, Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol., 190, 66–74,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2012.11.003, 2013b.
Commerford, J. L., McLauchlan, K. K., and Sugita, S.: Calibrating Vegetation
Cover and Grassland Pollen Assemblages in the Flint Hills of Kansas, USA,
Am. J. Plant Sci., 04, 1–10, https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2013.47A1001, 2013.
Cui, Q.-Y., Gaillard, M.-J., Lemdahl, G., Sugita, S., Greisman, A.,
Jacobson, G. L., and Olsson, F.: The role of tree composition in Holocene
fire history of the hemiboreal and southern boreal zones of southern Sweden,
as revealed by the application of the Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm:
Implications for biodiversity and climate-change issues, The Holocene,
23, 1747–1763, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683613505339, 2013.
Cui, Q., Gaillard, M., Lemdahl, G., Stenberg, L., Sugita, S., and Zernova,
G.: Historical land-use and landscape change in southern Sweden and
implications for present and future biodiversity, Ecol. Evol., 4,
3555–3570, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1198, 2014.
Davis, B. A. S., Collins, P. M., and Kaplan, J. O.: The age and post-glacial
development of the modern European vegetation: a plant functional approach
based on pollen data, Veg. Hist. Archaeobot., 24, 303–317,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-014-0476-9, 2015.
Davis, M. B.: On the theory of pollen analysis, Am. J. Sci., 261,
897–912, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.261.10.897, 1963.
Dawson, A., Cao, X., Chaput, M., Hopla, E., Li, F., Edwards, M., Fyfe, R.,
Gajewski, K., Goring, S. J., Herzschuh, U., Mazier, F., Sugita, S.,
Williams, J. W., Xu, Q., and Gaillard, M.-J.: Finding the magnitude of
human-induced Northern Hemisphere land-cover transformation between 6 and
0.2 ka BP, Past Glob. Chang. Mag., 26, 34–35,
https://doi.org/10.22498/pages.26.1.34, 2018.
de Vareilles, A., Pelling, R., Woodbridge, J., and Fyfe, R.: Archaeology and
agriculture: plants, people, and past land-use, Trends Ecol. Evol., 36,
943–954, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2021.06.003, 2021.
Dickson, C.: Distinguishing cereal from wild grass pollen: some limitations,
Circaea, 5, 67–71, 1988.
Downs, P. W. and Piégay, H.: Catchment-scale cumulative impact of human
activities on river channels in the late Anthropocene: implications,
limitations, prospect, Geomorphology, 338, 88–104,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.03.021, 2019.
Edwards, K. J., Fyfe, R., and Jackson, S. T.: The first 100 years of pollen
analysis, Nat. Plants, 3, 17001, https://doi.org/10.1038/nplants.2017.1, 2017.
Ellis, E. C.: Ecology in an anthropogenic biosphere, Ecol. Monogr., 85,
287–331, https://doi.org/10.1890/14-2274.1, 2015.
Feurdean, A., Vannière, B., Finsinger, W., Warren, D., Connor, S. C., Forrest, M., Liakka, J., Panait, A., Werner, C., Andrič, M., Bobek, P., Carter, V. A., Davis, B., Diaconu, A.-C., Dietze, E., Feeser, I., Florescu, G., Gałka, M., Giesecke, T., Jahns, S., Jamrichová, E., Kajukało, K., Kaplan, J., Karpińska-Kołaczek, M., Kołaczek, P., Kuneš, P., Kupriyanov, D., Lamentowicz, M., Lemmen, C., Magyari, E. K., Marcisz, K., Marinova, E., Niamir, A., Novenko, E., Obremska, M., Pędziszewska, A., Pfeiffer, M., Poska, A., Rösch, M., Słowiński, M., Stančikaitė, M., Szal, M., Święta-Musznicka, J., Tanţău, I., Theuerkauf, M., Tonkov, S., Valkó, O., Vassiljev, J., Veski, S., Vincze, I., Wacnik, A., Wiethold, J., and Hickler, T.: Fire hazard modulation by long-term dynamics in land cover and dominant forest type in eastern and central Europe, Biogeosciences, 17, 1213–1230, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1213-2020, 2020.
Foley, J. A.: Global Consequences of Land Use, Science, 309,
570–574, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1111772, 2005.
Fyfe, R., de Beaulieu, J.-L., Binney, H., Bradshaw, R. H. W., Brewer, S., Le
Flao, A., Finsinger, W., Gaillard, M.-J., Giesecke, T., Gil-Romera, G.,
Grimm, E. C., Huntley, B., Kunes, P., Kühl, N., Leydet, M., Lotter, A.
F., Tarasov, P. E., and Tonkov, S.: The European Pollen Database: past
efforts and current activities, Veg. Hist. Archaeobot., 18, 417–424,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-009-0215-9, 2009.
Fyfe, R., Roberts, N., and Woodbridge, J.: A pollen-based pseudobiomisation
approach to anthropogenic land-cover change, The Holocene, 20,
1165–1171, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683610369509, 2010.
Fyfe, R., Twiddle, C., Sugita, S., Gaillard, M. J., Barratt, P., Caseldine,
C. J., Dodson, J., Edwards, K. J., Farrell, M., Froyd, C., Grant, M. J.,
Huckerby, E., Innes, J. B., Shaw, H., and Waller, M.: The Holocene vegetation
cover of Britain and Ireland: Overcoming problems of scale and discerning
patterns of openness, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 73, 132–148,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.05.014, 2013.
Fyfe, R. M., Woodbridge, J., and Roberts, N.: From forest to farmland:
pollen-inferred land cover change across Europe using the pseudobiomization
approach, Glob. Chang. Biol., 21, 1197–1212, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12776,
2015.
Fyfe, R. M., Woodbridge, J., and Roberts, C. N.: Trajectories of change in
Mediterranean Holocene vegetation through classification of pollen data,
Veg. Hist. Archaeobot., 27, 351–364, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-017-0657-4,
2018.
Fyfe, R. M., Githumbi, E., Trondmann, A.-K., Mazier, F., Nielsen, A. B.,
Poska, A., Sugita, S., Woodbridge, J., Contributors, L., and Gaillard, M.-J.:
A full Holocene record of transient gridded vegetation cover in Europe,
Pangaea [data set], https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.937075, 2022.
Gaillard, M.-J., Sugita, S., Bunting, M. J., Middleton, R., Broström,
A., Caseldine, C., Giesecke, T., Hellman, S. E. V., Hicks, S., Hjelle, K.,
Langdon, C., Nielsen, A.-B., Poska, A., von Stedingk, H., and Veski, S.: The
use of modelling and simulation approach in reconstructing past landscapes
from fossil pollen data: a review and results from the POLLANDCAL network,
Veg. Hist. Archaeobot., 17, 419–443, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-008-0169-3,
2008.
Gaillard, M.-J., Sugita, S., Mazier, F., Trondman, A.-K., Broström, A., Hickler, T., Kaplan, J. O., Kjellström, E., Kokfelt, U., Kuneš, P., Lemmen, C., Miller, P., Olofsson, J., Poska, A., Rundgren, M., Smith, B., Strandberg, G., Fyfe, R., Nielsen, A. B., Alenius, T., Balakauskas, L., Barnekow, L., Birks, H. J. B., Bjune, A., Björkman, L., Giesecke, T., Hjelle, K., Kalnina, L., Kangur, M., van der Knaap, W. O., Koff, T., Lagerås, P., Latałowa, M., Leydet, M., Lechterbeck, J., Lindbladh, M., Odgaard, B., Peglar, S., Segerström, U., von Stedingk, H., and Seppä, H.: Holocene land-cover reconstructions for studies on land cover-climate feedbacks, Clim. Past, 6, 483–499, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-483-2010, 2010a.
Gaillard, M. J., Sugita, S., Rundgren, M., Smith, B., Mazier, F., Trondman,
A.-K., Fyfe, R., Kokfelt, U., Nielsen, A.-B., Strandberg, G., and Team, L.
members: Pollen-inferred quantitative reconstructions of Holocene land-cover
in NW Europe for the evaluation of past climate-vegetation feedbacks – The
Swedish LANDCLIM project and the NordForsk LANDCLIM network, Geophys. Res.
Abstr., 12, 3–4, 2010b.
Gaillard, M.-J., Kleinen, T., Samuelsson, P., Nielsen, A. B., Bergh, J.,
Kaplan, J. O., Poska, A., Sandström, C., Strandberg, G., Trondman, A.-K.,
and Wramneby, A.: Second Assessment of Climate Change for the Baltic Sea
Basin, edited by: The BACC II Author Team, Springer International Publishing,
Cham, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16006-1, 2015.
Gaillard, M. J., Morrison, K. D., Madella, M., and Whitehouse, N.: Editorial:
Past land-use and land-cover change: the challenge of quantification at the
subcontinental to global scales, Past Glob. Chang. Mag., 26, 3,
https://doi.org/10.22498/pages.26.1.3, 2018.
Giesecke, T., Davis, B., Brewer, S., Finsinger, W., Wolters, S., Blaauw, M.,
de Beaulieu, J.-L., Binney, H., Fyfe, R. M., Gaillard, M.-J., Gil-Romera,
G., van der Knaap, W. O., Kuneš, P., Kühl, N., van Leeuwen, J. F. N.
N., Leydet, M., Lotter, A. F., Ortu, E., Semmler, M., and Bradshaw, R. H. W.
W.: Towards mapping the late Quaternary vegetation change of Europe, Veg.
Hist. Archaeobot., 23, 75–86, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-012-0390-y, 2014.
Gilgen, A., Wilkenskjeld, S., Kaplan, J. O., Kühn, T., and Lohmann, U.: Effects of land use and anthropogenic aerosol emissions in the Roman Empire, Clim. Past, 15, 1885–1911, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1885-2019, 2019.
Githumbi, E., Fyfe, R., Kjellström, E., Lindström, J., Lu, Z.,
Mazier, F., Nielsen, A. B., Poska, A., Smith, B., Strandberg, G., Sugita,
S., Zhang, Q., and Gaillard, M.-J.: Holocene quantitative pollen-based
vegetation reconstructions in Europe for climate modelling: LandClim II, in
INQUA 2019: Life on the Edge, Dublin,
https://portal.research.lu.se/portal/en/publications/holocene-quantitative-pollenbased-vegetation-reconstructions-in-europe-for-climate-modelling-landclim-ii(46cc8471-f51c-4117-a7c6-ccff00638e82)/export.html
(last access: 9 August 2021), 2019.
Gregory, P.: Spores: their properties and sedimentation in still air.
Microbiology of the atmosphere, A plant science monograph, Leonard Hill, ISBN
0249441101, 1973.
Grindean, R., Nielsen, A. B., Tanţău, I., and Feurdean, A.: Relative
pollen productivity estimates in the forest steppe landscape of southeastern
Romania, Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol., 264, 54–63,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2019.02.007, 2019.
Guiry, E., Beglane, F., Szpak, P., Schulting, R., McCormick, F., and
Richards, M. P.: Anthropogenic changes to the Holocene nitrogen cycle in
Ireland, Sci. Adv., 4, eaas9383, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aas9383, 2018.
Harrison, S. and Marinova, E.: EMBSeCBIO modern pollen biomisation, University of Reading [data set], https://doi.org/10.17864/1947.109, 2017.
Harrison, S. P., Gaillard, M.-J., Stocker, B. D., Vander Linden, M., Klein Goldewijk, K., Boles, O., Braconnot, P., Dawson, A., Fluet-Chouinard, E., Kaplan, J. O., Kastner, T., Pausata, F. S. R., Robinson, E., Whitehouse, N. J., Madella, M., and Morrison, K. D.: Development and testing scenarios for implementing land use and land cover changes during the Holocene in Earth system model experiments, Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 805–824, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-805-2020, 2020.
He, F., Vavrus, S. J., Kutzbach, J. E., Ruddiman, W. F., Kaplan, J. O., and
Krumhardt, K. M.: Simulating global and local surface temperature changes
due to Holocene anthropogenic land cover change, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41,
623–631, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GL058085, 2014.
Hellman, S., Gaillard, M.-J., Broström, A., and Sugita, S.: The REVEALS
model, a new tool to estimate past regional plant abundance from pollen data
in large lakes: validation in southern Sweden, J. Quat. Sci., 23, 21–42,
https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1126, 2008a.
Hellman, S. E. V., Gaillard, M., Broström, A., and Sugita, S.: Effects of
the sampling design and selection of parameter values on pollen-based
quantitative reconstructions of regional vegetation: a case study in
southern Sweden using the REVEALS model, Veg. Hist. Archaeobot., 17,
445–459, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-008-0149-7, 2008b.
Hibbard, K., Janetos, A., van Vuuren, D. P., Pongratz, J., Rose, S. K.,
Betts, R., Herold, M., and Feddema, J. J.: Research priorities in land use
and land-cover change for the Earth system and integrated assessment
modelling, Int. J. Climatol., 30, 2118–2128, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.2150,
2010.
Hjelle, K. L.: Herb pollen representation in surface moss samples from mown
meadows and pastures in western Norway, Veg. Hist. Archaeobot., 7,
79–96, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01373926, 1998.
Hofman-Kamińska, E., Bocherens, H., Drucker, D. G., Fyfe, R. M.,
Gumiński, W., Makowiecki, D., Pacher, M., Piličiauskienė, G.,
Samojlik, T., Woodbridge, J., and Kowalczyk, R.: Adapt or die – Response of
large herbivores to environmental changes in Europe during the Holocene,
Glob. Chang. Biol., 25, 2915–2930, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14733, 2019.
Huntley, B.: European vegetation history: Palaeovegetation maps from pollen
data – 13 000 yr BP to present, J. Quat. Sci., 5, 103–122,
https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3390050203, 1990.
Kaplan, J., Krumhardt, K., Gaillard, M.-J., Sugita, S., Trondman, A.-K.,
Fyfe, R., Marquer, L., Mazier, F., and Nielsen, A.: Constraining the
Deforestation History of Europe: Evaluation of Historical Land Use Scenarios
with Pollen-Based Land Cover Reconstructions, Land, 6, 91,
https://doi.org/10.3390/land6040091, 2017.
Kaplan, J. O., Krumhardt, K. M., and Zimmermann, N.: The prehistoric and
preindustrial deforestation of Europe, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 28,
3016–3034, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.09.028, 2009.
Kaplan, J. O., Krumhardt, K. M., Ellis, E. C., Ruddiman, W. F., Lemmen, C.,
and Goldewijk, K. K.: Holocene carbon emissions as a result of anthropogenic
land cover change, The Holocene, 21, 775–791,
https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683610386983, 2011.
Klein Goldewijk, K., Beusen, A., Doelman, J., and Stehfest, E.: Anthropogenic land use estimates for the Holocene – HYDE 3.2, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 9, 927–953, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-927-2017, 2017.
Kuneš, P., Abraham, V., Kovářík, O., Kopecký, M.,
Břízová, E., Dudová, L., Jankovská, V., Knipping, M.,
Kozšková, R., Nováková, K., Petr, L., Pokorný, P.,
Roszková, A., Rybníčková, E., Svobodová-Svitavská,
H., and Wacnik, A.: Czech quaternary palynological Database – Palycz: review
and basic statistics of the data, Preslia, 81, 209–238, 2009.
Kuneš, P., Abraham, V., Werchan, B., Plesková, Z., Fajmon, K.,
Jamrichová, E., and Roleček, J.: Relative pollen productivity
estimates for vegetation reconstruction in central-eastern Europe inferred
at local and regional scales, The Holocene, 29, 1708–1719,
https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683619862026, 2019.
Lerigoleur, E., Mazier, F., Jégou, L., Perret, M., and Galop, D.:
PALEOPYR: un système d'information pour la gestion et l'exploitation de
données palaeoenvironnementales sur le massif nord-pyrénéen,
Ingénieurie des Systèmes d'Information 3,
http://paleopyr.univ-tlse2.fr/ (last access: 4 April 2022), 2015.
Li, F., Gaillard, M.-J., Xu, Q., Bunting, M. J., Li, Y., Li, J., Mu, H., Lu,
J., Zhang, P., Zhang, S., Cui, Q., Zhang, Y., and Shen, W.: A Review of
Relative Pollen Productivity Estimates From Temperate China for Pollen-Based
Quantitative Reconstruction of Past Plant Cover, Front. Plant Sci.,
9, 1214, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01214, 2018.
Li, F., Gaillard, M.-J., Cao, X., Herzschuh, U., Sugita, S., Tarasov, P. E.,
Wagner, M., Xu, Q., Ni, J., Wang, W., Zhao, Y., An, C., Beusen, A. H. W.,
Chen, F., Feng, Z., Goldewijk, C. G. M. K., Huang, X., Li, Y., Li, Y., Liu,
H., Sun, A., Yao, Y., Zheng, Z., and Jia, X.: Towards quantification of
Holocene anthropogenic land-cover change in temperate China: A review in the
light of pollen-based REVEALS reconstructions of regional plant cover,
Earth-Sci. Rev., 203, 103119,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103119, 2020.
Marinova, E., Harrison, S. P., Bragg, F., Connor, S., Laet, V., Leroy, S. A.
G., Mudie, P., Atanassova, J., Bozilova, E., Caner, H., Cordova, C.,
Djamali, M., Filipova-Marinova, M., Gerasimenko, N., Jahns, S., Kouli, K.,
Kotthoff, U., Kvavadze, E., Lazarova, M., Novenko, E., Ramezani, E.,
Röpke, A., Shumilovskikh, L., Tanţau, I., and Tonkov, S.:
Pollen-derived biomes in the Eastern Mediterranean–Black
Sea–Caspian-Corridor, J. Biogeogr., 45, 484–499, https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13128,
2018.
Marquer, L., Gaillard, M.-J., Sugita, S., Trondman, A.-K., Mazier, F.,
Nielsen, A. B., Fyfe, R., Odgaard, B. V., Alenius, T., Birks, H. J. B.,
Bjune, A. E., Christiansen, J., Dodson, J., Edwards, K. J., Giesecke, T.,
Herzschuh, U., Kangur, M., Lorenz, S., Poska, A., Schult, M., and Seppä,
H.: Holocene changes in vegetation composition in northern Europe: why
quantitative pollen-based vegetation reconstructions matter, Quaternary Sci.
Rev., 90, 199–216, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.02.013, 2014.
Marquer, L., Gaillard, M.-J., Sugita, S., Poska, A., Trondman, A.-K.,
Mazier, F., Nielsen, A. B., Fyfe, R., Jönsson, A. M., Smith, B., Kaplan,
J. O., Alenius, T., Birks, H. J. B. J. B., Bjune, A. E., Christiansen, J.,
Dodson, J., Edwards, K. J., Giesecke, T., Herzschuh, U., Kangur, M., Koff,
T., Latałowa, M., Lechterbeck, J., Olofsson, J., and Seppä, H.:
Quantifying the effects of land use and climate on Holocene vegetation in
Europe, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 171, 20–37, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.07.001,
2017.
Marquer, L., Mazier, F., Sugita, S., Galop, D., Houet, T., Faure, E.,
Gaillard, M.-J., Haunold, S., de Munnik, N., Simonneau, A., De Vleeschouwer,
F., and Le Roux, G.: Pollen-based reconstruction of Holocene land-cover in
mountain regions: Evaluation of the Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm in
the Vicdessos valley, northern Pyrenees, France, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 228,
106049, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.106049, 2020.
Matthias, I., Nielsen, A. B., and Giesecke, T.: Evaluating the effect of
flowering age and forest structure on pollen productivity estimates, Veg.
Hist. Archaeobot., 21, 471–484, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-012-0373-z, 2012.
Mazier, F., Broström, A., Gaillard, M.-J., Sugita, S., Vittoz, P., and
Buttler, A.: Pollen productivity estimates and relevant source area of
pollen for selected plant taxa in a pasture woodland landscape of the Jura
Mountains (Switzerland), Veg. Hist. Archaeobot., 17, 479–495,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-008-0143-0, 2008.
Mazier, F., Gaillard, M. J., Kunes, P., Sugita, S., Trondman, A.-K., and
Brostrom, A.: Testing the effect of site selection and parameter setting on
REVEALS-model estimates of plant abundance using th Czech Quaternary
Palynological database Testing the effect of site selection and parameter
setting on REVEALS-model estimates of plant abunda, Rev. Palaeobot.
Palynol., 187, 38–49, 2012.
Mazier, F., Broström, A., Bragée, P., Fredh, D., Stenberg, L.,
Thiere, G., Sugita, S., and Hammarlund, D.: Two hundred years of land-use
change in the South Swedish Uplands: comparison of historical map-based
estimates with a pollen-based reconstruction using the landscape
reconstruction algorithm, Veg. Hist. Archaeobot., 24, 555–570,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-015-0516-0, 2015.
McLauchlan, K. K., Williams, J. J., Craine, J. M., and Jeffers, E. S.:
Changes in global nitrogen cycling during the Holocene epoch, Nature,
495, 352–355, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11916, 2013.
Mehl, I. K., Overland, A., Berge, J., and Hjelle, K. L.: Cultural landscape
development on a west–east gradient in western Norway – potential of the
Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm (LRA), J. Archaeol. Sci., 61, 1–16,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2015.04.015, 2015.
Morrison, K. D., Hammer, E., Boles, O., Madella, M., Whitehouse, N.,
Gaillard, M.-J., Bates, J., Vander Linden, M., Merlo, S., Yao, A., Popova,
L., Hill, A. C., Antolin, F., Bauer, A., Biagetti, S., Bishop, R. R.,
Buckland, P., Cruz, P., Dreslerová, D., Dusseldorp, G., Ellis, E.,
Filipovic, D., Foster, T., Hannaford, M. J., Harrison, S. P., Hazarika, M.,
Herold, H., Hilpert, J., Kaplan, J. O., Kay, A., Klein Goldewijk, K.,
Kolář, J., Kyazike, E., Laabs, J., Lancelotti, C., Lane, P.,
Lawrence, D., Lewis, K., Lombardo, U., Lucarini, G., Arroyo-Kalin, M.,
Marchant, R., Mayle, F., McClatchie, M., McLeester, M., Mooney, S.,
Moskal-del Hoyo, M., Navarrete, V., Ndiema, E., Góes Neves, E., Nowak,
M., Out, W. A., Petrie, C., Phelps, L. N., Pinke, Z., Rostain, S., Russell,
T., Sluyter, A., Styring, A. K., Tamanaha, E., Thomas, E., Veerasamy, S.,
Welton, L., and Zanon, M.: Mapping past human land use using archaeological
data: A new classification for global land use synthesis and data
harmonization, edited by J. Freeman, PLoS One, 16, e0246662,
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246662, 2021.
Nielsen, A. B.: Modelling pollen sedimentation in Danish lakes at c.ad 1800:
an attempt to validate the POLLSCAPE model, J. Biogeogr., 31,
1693–1709, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2004.01080.x, 2004.
Nielsen, A. B. and Odgaard, B. V.: Quantitative landscape dynamics in
Denmark through the last three millennia based on the Landscape
Reconstruction Algorithm approach, Veg. Hist. Archaeobot., 19, 375–387,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-010-0249-z, 2010.
Nielsen, A. B., Giesecke, T., Theuerkauf, M., Feeser, I., Behre, K.-E.,
Beug, H.-J., Chen, S.-H., Christiansen, J., Dörfler, W., Endtmann, E.,
Jahns, S., de Klerk, P., Kühl, N., Latałowa, M., Odgaard, B. V.,
Rasmussen, P., Stockholm, J. R., Voigt, R., Wiethold, J., and Wolters, S.:
Quantitative reconstructions of changes in regional openness in
north-central Europe reveal new insights into old questions, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 47, 131–149, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.05.011, 2012.
Nosova, M. B., Novenko, E. Y., Severova, E. E., and Volkova, O. A.:
Vegetation and climate changes within and around the Polistovo-Lovatskaya
mire system (Pskov Oblast, north-western Russia) during the past
10,500 years, Veg. Hist. Archaeobot., 28, 123–140,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-018-0693-8, 2018.
Palmisano, A., Woodbridge, J., Roberts, C. N., Bevan, A., Fyfe, R., Shennan,
S., Cheddadi, R., Greenberg, R., Kaniewski, D., Langgut, D., Leroy, S. A.
G., Litt, T., and Miebach, A.: Holocene landscape dynamics and long-term
population trends in the Levant, The Holocene, 29, 708–727,
https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683619826642, 2019.
Parsons, R. W. and Prentice, I. C.: Statistical approaches to R-values and
the pollen – vegetation relationship, Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol., 32,
127–152, https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-6667(81)90001-4, 1981.
Pinhasi, R., Fort, J., and Ammerman, A. J.: Tracing the origin and spread of
agriculture in Europe, PLoS Biol., 3, 1–9,
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030410, 2005.
Pirzamanbein, B., Lindström, J., Poska, A., Sugita, S., Trondman, A.-K.,
Fyfe, R., Mazier, F., Nielsen, A. B., Kaplan, J. O., Bjune, A. E., Birks, H.
J. B., Giesecke, T., Kangur, M., Latałowa, M., Marquer, L., Smith, B., and
Gaillard, M.-J.: Creating spatially continuous maps of past land cover from
point estimates: A new statistical approach applied to pollen data, Ecol.
Complex., 20, 127–141, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecocom.2014.09.005, 2014.
Pirzamanbein, B., Lindström, J., Poska, A., and Gaillard, M. J.:
Modelling Spatial Compositional Data: Reconstructions of past land cover and
uncertainties, Spat. Stat., 24, 14–31, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spasta.2018.03.005,
2018.
Pirzamanbein, B., Poska, A., and Lindström, J.: Bayesian Reconstruction
of Past Land Cover From Pollen Data: Model Robustness and Sensitivity to
Auxiliary Variables, Earth Space Sci., 7, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018EA000547, 2020.
Poska, A., Meltsov, V., Sugita, S., and Vassiljev, J.: Relative pollen
productivity estimates of major anemophilous taxa and relevant source area
of pollen in a cultural landscape of the hemi-boreal forest zone (Estonia),
Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol., 167, 30–39,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2011.07.001, 2011.
Prentice, C.: Records of vegetation in time and space: the principles of
pollen analysis, in: Vegetation history, 17–42, edited by: Huntley, B. and Webb, T., Springer the Netherlands,
Dordrecht, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3081-0_2, 1988.
Prentice, C., Guiot, J., Huntley, B., Jolly, D., and Cheddadi, R.:
Reconstructing biomes from palaeoecological data: a general method and its
application to European pollen data at 0 and 6 ka, Clim. Dynam., 12,
185–194, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00211617, 1996.
Prentice, I. C.: Pollen Representation, Source Area, and Basin Size: Toward
a Unified Theory of Pollen Analysis, Quaternary Res., 23, 76–86,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(85)90073-0, 1985.
Prentice, I. C. and Parsons, R. W. A.: Maximum Likelihood Linear Calibration
of Pollen Spectra in Terms of Forest Composition, Biometrics, 39,
1051–1057, https://doi.org/10.2307/2531338, 1983.
Prentice, I. C. and Webb III, T.: BIOME 6000: reconstructing global
mid-Holocene vegetation patterns from palaeoecological records, J.
Biogeogr., 25, 997–1005, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.1998.00235.x, 1998.
Räsänen, S., Suutari, H., and Nielsen, A. B.: A step further towards
quantitative reconstruction of past vegetation in Fennoscandian boreal
forests: Pollen productivity estimates for six dominant taxa, Rev.
Palaeobot. Palynol., 146, 208–220,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2007.04.004, 2007.
Roberts, C. N., Woodbridge, J., Palmisano, A., Bevan, A., Fyfe, R., and
Shennan, S.: Mediterranean landscape change during the Holocene: Synthesis,
comparison and regional trends in population, land cover and climate, The
Holocene, 29, 923–937, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683619826697, 2019.
Roberts, N., Fyfe, R. M., Woodbridge, J., Gaillard, M.-J., Davis, B. A. S.
S., Kaplan, J. O., Marquer, L., Mazier, F., Nielsen, A. B., Sugita, S.,
Trondman, A.-K., and Leydet, M.: Europe's lost forests: a pollen-based
synthesis for the last 11,000 years, Sci. Rep.-UK, 8, 716,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-18646-7, 2018.
Ruddiman, W. F.: The Anthropogenic Greenhouse Era Began Thousands of Years
Ago, Clim. Change, 61, 261–293, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CLIM.0000004577.17928.fa,
2003.
Ruddiman, W. F., Fuller, D. Q., Kutzbach, J. E., Tzedakis, P. C., Kaplan, J.
O., Ellis, E. C., Vavrus, S. J., Roberts, C. N., Fyfe, R., He, F., Lemmen,
C., and Woodbridge, J.: Late Holocene climate: Natural or anthropogenic?,
Rev. Geophys., 54, 93–118, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015RG000503, 2016.
Schauer, P., Shennan, S., Bevan, A., Cook, G., Edinborough, K., Fyfe, R.,
Kerig, T. and Parker Pearson, M.: Supply and demand in prehistory? Economics
of Neolithic mining in northwest Europe, J. Anthropol. Archaeol., 54,
149–160, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2019.03.001, 2019.
Shennan, S.: The First Farmers of Europe An Evolutionary Perspective,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,
https://www-cambridge-org.proxy.lnu.se/se/academic/subjects/archaeology/archaeology-europe-and-near-and-middle-east/first-farmers-europe-evolutionary-perspective?format=HB&isbn=9781108422925 (last access: 4 April 2022),
2018.
Smith, P., Davis, S. J., Creutzig, F., Fuss, S., Minx, J., Gabrielle, B.,
Kato, E., Jackson, R. B., Cowie, A., Kriegler, E., van Vuuren, D. P.,
Rogelj, J., Ciais, P., Milne, J., Canadell, J. G., McCollum, D., Peters, G.,
Andrew, R., Krey, V., Shrestha, G., Friedlingstein, P., Gasser, T.,
Grübler, A., Heidug, W. K., Jonas, M., Jones, C. D., Kraxner, F.,
Littleton, E., Lowe, J., Moreira, J. R., Nakicenovic, N., Obersteiner, M.,
Patwardhan, A., Rogner, M., Rubin, E., Sharifi, A., Torvanger, A., Yamagata,
Y., Edmonds, J., and Yongsung, C.: Biophysical and economic limits to
negative CO2 emissions, Nat. Clim. Chang., 6, 42–50,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2870, 2016.
Soepboer, W., Sugita, S., Lotter, A. F., van Leeuwen, J. F. N., and van der
Knaap, W. O.: Pollen productivity estimates for quantitative reconstruction
of vegetation cover on the Swiss Plateau, The Holocene, 17, 65–77,
https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683607073279, 2007.
Soepboer, W., Sugita, S., and Lotter, A. F.: Regional vegetation-cover
changes on the Swiss Plateau during the past two millennia: A pollen-based
reconstruction using the REVEALS model, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 29, 472–483,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.09.027, 2010.
Stephens, L., Fuller, D., Boivin, N., et al.: Archaeological assessment reveals Earth's
early transformation through land use, Science, 365,
897–902, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax1192, 2019.
Strandberg, G., Kjellström, E., Poska, A., Wagner, S., Gaillard, M.-J., Trondman, A.-K., Mauri, A., Davis, B. A. S., Kaplan, J. O., Birks, H. J. B., Bjune, A. E., Fyfe, R., Giesecke, T., Kalnina, L., Kangur, M., van der Knaap, W. O., Kokfelt, U., Kuneš, P., Latałowa, M., Marquer, L., Mazier, F., Nielsen, A. B., Smith, B., Seppä, H., and Sugita, S.: Regional climate model simulations for Europe at 6 and 0.2 k BP: sensitivity to changes in anthropogenic deforestation, Clim. Past, 10, 661–680, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-661-2014, 2014.
Strandberg, G., Lindström, J., Poska, A., Zhang, Q., Fyfe, R., Githumbi, E., Kjellström, E., Mazier, F., Nielsen, A. B.,
Sugita, S., Trondman, A.-K., Woodbridge, J., and Gaillard, M.-J.: Mid-Holocene European climate revisited: New high-resolution regional climate model simulations using pollen-based land cover, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 281, 107431, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107431, 2022.
Stuart, A. and Ord, J. K.: Kendall's advanced theory of statistics,
Distrib. theory, 1,
https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10004597057 (last access: 2 July 2021), 1994.
Sugita, S.: A Model of Pollen Source Area for an Entire Lake Surface, Quaternary
Res., 39, 239–244, https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1027, 1993.
Sugita, S.: Pollen representation of vegetation in quaternary sediments –
theory and method in patchy vegetation, J. Ecol., 82, 881–897, https://doi.org/10.2307/2261452, 1994.
Sugita, S.: Theory of quantitative reconstruction of vegetation I: pollen
from large sites REVEALS regional vegetation composition, The Holocene,
17, 229–241, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683607075837, 2007a.
Sugita, S.: Theory of quantitative reconstruction of vegetation II: all you
need is LOVE, The Holocene, 17, 243–257, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683607075838,
2007b.
Sugita, S., Gaillard, M.-J., and Broström, A.: Landscape openness and
pollen records: a simulation approach, The Holocene, 9, 409–421,
https://doi.org/10.1191/095968399666429937, 1999.
Sugita, S., Parshall, T., Calcote, R., and Walker, K.: Testing the Landscape
Reconstruction Algorithm for spatially explicit reconstruction of vegetation
in northern Michigan and Wisconsin, Quaternary Res., 74, 289–300,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2010.07.008, 2010.
Sun, A., Luo, Y., Wu, H., Chen, X., Li, Q., Yu, Y., Sun, X., and Guo, Z.: An
updated biomization scheme and vegetation reconstruction based on a
synthesis of modern and mid-Holocene pollen data in China, Glob. Planet.
Change, 192, 103178, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103178, 2020.
Sutton, O.: Micrometeorology., Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 79, 457–457,
https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49707934125, 1953.
Theuerkauf, M., Kuparinen, A., and Joosten, H.: Pollen productivity estimates
strongly depend on assumed pollen dispersal, The Holocene, 23, 14–24,
https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683612450194, 2012.
Theuerkauf, M., Couwenberg, J., Kuparinen, A., and Liebscher, V.: A matter of
dispersal: REVEALSinR introduces state-of-the-art dispersal models to
quantitative vegetation reconstruction, Veg. Hist. Archaeobot., 25, 541–553,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-016-0572-0, 2016.
Trondman, A. K., Gaillard, M. J., Mazier, F., Sugita, S., Fyfe, R., Nielsen,
A. B., Twiddle, C., Barratt, P., Birks, H. J. B., Bjune, A. E.,
Björkman, L., Broström, A., Caseldine, C., David, R., Dodson, J.,
Dörfler, W., Fischer, E., van Geel, B., Giesecke, T., Hultberg, T.,
Kalnina, L., Kangur, M., van der Knaap, P., Koff, T., Kuneš, P.,
Lagerås, P., Latalowa, M., Lechterbeck, J., Leroyer, C., Leydet, M.,
Lindbladh, M., Marquer, L., Mitchell, F. J. G., Odgaard, B. V., Peglar, S.
M., Persson, T., Poska, A., Rösch, M., Seppä, H., Veski, S., and
Wick, L.: Pollen-based quantitative reconstructions of Holocene regional
vegetation cover (plant-functional types and land-cover types) in Europe
suitable for climate modelling, Glob. Chang. Biol., 21, 676–697,
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12737, 2015.
Trondman, A.-K., Gaillard, M.-J., Sugita, S., Björkman, L., Greisman,
A., Hultberg, T., Lagerås, P., Lindbladh, M., and Mazier, F.: Are pollen
records from small sites appropriate for REVEALS model-based quantitative
reconstructions of past regional vegetation? An empirical test in southern
Sweden, Veg. Hist. Archaeobot., 25, 131–151,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-015-0536-9, 2016.
Twiddle, C. L., Jones, R. T., Caseldine, C. J., and Sugita, S.: Pollen
productivity estimates for a pine woodland in eastern Scotland: The
influence of sampling design and vegetation patterning, Rev. Palaeobot.
Palynol., 174, 67–78, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2011.12.006, 2012.
von Stedingk, H., Fyfe, R. M., and Allard, A.: Pollen productivity estimates
from the forest–tundra ecotone in west-central Sweden: implications for
vegetation reconstruction at the limits of the boreal forest, The Holocene,
18, 323–332, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683607086769, 2008.
Wieczorek, M. and Herzschuh, U.: Compilation of relative pollen productivity (RPP) estimates and taxonomically harmonised RPP datasets for single continents and Northern Hemisphere extratropics, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 3515–3528, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3515-2020, 2020.
Wolf, A., Callaghan, T. V., and Larson, K.: Future changes in vegetation and
ecosystem function of the Barents Region, Clim. Change, 87, 51–73,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-007-9342-4, 2008.
Woodbridge, J., Fyfe, R. M., and Roberts, N.: A comparison of remotely sensed
and pollen-based approaches to mapping Europe's land cover, J. Biogeogr., 41, 2080–2092, https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12353, 2014.
Woodbridge, J., Fyfe, R., Roberts, C., Trondman, A., Mazier, F., and Davis,
B.: European forest cover since the start of Neolithic agriculture: a
critical comparison of pollen-based reconstructions, Past Glob. Chang. Mag.,
26, 10–11, https://doi.org/10.22498/pages.26.1.10, 2018.
Zanon, M., Davis, B. A. S. S., Marquer, L., Brewer, S., and Kaplan, J. O.:
European Forest Cover During the Past 12,000 Years: A Palynological
Reconstruction Based on Modern Analogs and Remote Sensing, Front. Plant
Sci., 9, 1–25, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00253, 2018.
Short summary
Reconstruction of past land cover is necessary for the study of past climate–land cover interactions and the evaluation of climate models and land-use scenarios. We used 1128 available pollen records from across Europe covering the last 11 700 years in the REVEALS model to calculate percentage cover and associated standard errors for 31 taxa, 12 plant functional types and 3 land-cover types. REVEALS results are reliant on the quality of the input datasets.
Reconstruction of past land cover is necessary for the study of past climate–land cover...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint