Articles | Volume 15, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4127-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4127-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description paper
| 
21 Sep 2023
Data description paper |
| 21 Sep 2023
| 21 Sep 2023
Spatiotemporal variability in pH and carbonate parameters on the Canadian Atlantic continental shelf between 2014 and 2022
Olivia Gibb
Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. John's, NL, Canada
Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. John's, NL, Canada
Kumiko Azetsu-Scott
Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, NS, Canada
Joël Chassé
Gulf Fisheries Centre, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Moncton, NB, Canada
Darlene Childs
Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, NS, Canada
Carrie-Ellen Gabriel
Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, NS, Canada
Peter S. Galbraith
Maurice Lamontagne Institute, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Mont-Joli, QC, Canada
Gary Maillet
Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. John's, NL, Canada
Pierre Pepin
Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. John's, NL, Canada
Stephen Punshon
Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, NS, Canada
Michel Starr
Maurice Lamontagne Institute, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Mont-Joli, QC, Canada
Related authors
No articles found.
Siv K. Lauvset, Nico Lange, Toste Tanhua, Henry C. Bittig, Are Olsen, Alex Kozyr, Marta Álvarez, Kumiko Azetsu-Scott, Peter J. Brown, Brendan R. Carter, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha, Mario Hoppema, Matthew P. Humphreys, Masao Ishii, Emil Jeansson, Akihiko Murata, Jens Daniel Müller, Fiz F. Pérez, Carsten Schirnick, Reiner Steinfeldt, Toru Suzuki, Adam Ulfsbo, Anton Velo, Ryan J. Woosley, and Robert M. Key
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2047–2072, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2047-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2047-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
GLODAP is a data product for ocean inorganic carbon and related biogeochemical variables measured by the chemical analysis of water bottle samples from scientific cruises. GLODAPv2.2023 is the fifth update of GLODAPv2 from 2016. The data that are included have been subjected to extensive quality controlling, including systematic evaluation of measurement biases. This version contains data from 1108 hydrographic cruises covering the world's oceans from 1972 to 2021.
Judith Vogt, David Risk, Evelise Bourlon, Kumiko Azetsu-Scott, Evan N. Edinger, and Owen A. Sherwood
Biogeosciences, 20, 1773–1787, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1773-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1773-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The release of the greenhouse gas methane from Arctic submarine sources could exacerbate climate change in a positive feedback. Continuous monitoring of atmospheric methane levels over a 5100 km voyage in the western margin of the Labrador Sea and Baffin Bay revealed above-global averages likely affected by both onshore and offshore methane sources. Instantaneous sea–air methane fluxes were near zero at all measured stations, including a persistent cold-seep location.
Stéphanie Barrillon, Robin Fuchs, Anne A. Petrenko, Caroline Comby, Anthony Bosse, Christophe Yohia, Jean-Luc Fuda, Nagib Bhairy, Frédéric Cyr, Andrea M. Doglioli, Gérald Grégori, Roxane Tzortzis, Francesco d'Ovidio, and Melilotus Thyssen
Biogeosciences, 20, 141–161, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-141-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-141-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Extreme weather events can have a major impact on ocean physics and biogeochemistry, but their study is challenging. In May 2019, an intense storm occurred in the north-western Mediterranean Sea, during which in situ multi-platform measurements were performed. The results show a strong impact on the surface phytoplankton, highlighting the need for high-resolution measurements coupling physics and biology during these violent events that may become more common in the context of global change.
Siv K. Lauvset, Nico Lange, Toste Tanhua, Henry C. Bittig, Are Olsen, Alex Kozyr, Simone Alin, Marta Álvarez, Kumiko Azetsu-Scott, Leticia Barbero, Susan Becker, Peter J. Brown, Brendan R. Carter, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha, Richard A. Feely, Mario Hoppema, Matthew P. Humphreys, Masao Ishii, Emil Jeansson, Li-Qing Jiang, Steve D. Jones, Claire Lo Monaco, Akihiko Murata, Jens Daniel Müller, Fiz F. Pérez, Benjamin Pfeil, Carsten Schirnick, Reiner Steinfeldt, Toru Suzuki, Bronte Tilbrook, Adam Ulfsbo, Anton Velo, Ryan J. Woosley, and Robert M. Key
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5543–5572, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5543-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5543-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
GLODAP is a data product for ocean inorganic carbon and related biogeochemical variables measured by the chemical analysis of water bottle samples from scientific cruises. GLODAPv2.2022 is the fourth update of GLODAPv2 from 2016. The data that are included have been subjected to extensive quality controlling, including systematic evaluation of measurement biases. This version contains data from 1085 hydrographic cruises covering the world's oceans from 1972 to 2021.
Roxane Tzortzis, Andrea M. Doglioli, Stéphanie Barrillon, Anne A. Petrenko, Francesco d'Ovidio, Lloyd Izard, Melilotus Thyssen, Ananda Pascual, Bàrbara Barceló-Llull, Frédéric Cyr, Marc Tedetti, Nagib Bhairy, Pierre Garreau, Franck Dumas, and Gérald Gregori
Biogeosciences, 18, 6455–6477, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6455-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6455-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This work analyzes an original high-resolution data set collected in the Mediterranean Sea. The major result is the impact of a fine-scale frontal structure on the distribution of phytoplankton groups, in an area of moderate energy with oligotrophic conditions. Our results provide an in situ confirmation of the findings obtained by previous modeling studies and remote sensing about the structuring effect of the fine-scale ocean dynamics on the structure of the phytoplankton community.
Cynthia Evelyn Bluteau, Peter S. Galbraith, Daniel Bourgault, Vincent Villeneuve, and Jean-Éric Tremblay
Ocean Sci., 17, 1509–1525, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-17-1509-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-17-1509-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In 2018, the Canadian Coast Guard approved a science team to sample in tandem with its ice-breaking and ship escorting operations. This collaboration provided the first mixing observations during winter that covered the largest spatial extent of the St. Lawrence Estuary and the Gulf of St. Lawrence ever measured in any season. Contrary to previous assumptions, we demonstrate that fluvial nitrate inputs from upstream (i.e., Great Lakes) are the most significant source of nitrate in the estuary.
Frédéric Cyr and Peter S. Galbraith
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 1807–1828, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1807-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1807-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Climate indices are often regarded as simple ways to relate mean environmental conditions to the state of an ecosystem. Such indices are often used to inform fisheries scientists and managers or used in fisheries resource assessments and ecosystem studies. The Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) climate index aims to describe the environmental conditions on the NL shelf and in the Northwest Atlantic as a whole. It consists of annual normalized anomalies of 10 subindices relevant for the NL shelf.
Are Olsen, Nico Lange, Robert M. Key, Toste Tanhua, Henry C. Bittig, Alex Kozyr, Marta Álvarez, Kumiko Azetsu-Scott, Susan Becker, Peter J. Brown, Brendan R. Carter, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha, Richard A. Feely, Steven van Heuven, Mario Hoppema, Masao Ishii, Emil Jeansson, Sara Jutterström, Camilla S. Landa, Siv K. Lauvset, Patrick Michaelis, Akihiko Murata, Fiz F. Pérez, Benjamin Pfeil, Carsten Schirnick, Reiner Steinfeldt, Toru Suzuki, Bronte Tilbrook, Anton Velo, Rik Wanninkhof, and Ryan J. Woosley
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 3653–3678, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3653-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3653-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
GLODAP is a data product for ocean inorganic carbon and related biogeochemical variables measured by chemical analysis of water bottle samples at scientific cruises. GLODAPv2.2020 is the second update of GLODAPv2 from 2016. The data that are included have been subjected to extensive quality control, including systematic evaluation of measurement biases. This version contains data from 946 hydrographic cruises covering the world's oceans from 1972 to 2019.
Robin Bénard, Maurice Levasseur, Michael Scarratt, Sonia Michaud, Michel Starr, Alfonso Mucci, Gustavo Ferreyra, Michel Gosselin, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Martine Lizotte, and Gui-Peng Yang
Biogeosciences, 16, 1167–1185, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1167-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1167-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We present rare data on the combined effects of acidification and warming on dimethylsulfide (DMS) during a mesocosm experiment. Our results show a reduction of DMS under elevated pCO2, but warming the mesocosms by 5 °C translated into a positive offset in concentrations of DMS over the whole range of pCO2 tested. Our results suggest that warming could mitigate the expected reduction in DMS production due to OA, even increasing the net DMS production, with possible repercussions for the climate.
Robin Bénard, Maurice Levasseur, Michael Scarratt, Marie-Amélie Blais, Alfonso Mucci, Gustavo Ferreyra, Michel Starr, Michel Gosselin, Jean-Éric Tremblay, and Martine Lizotte
Biogeosciences, 15, 4883–4904, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4883-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4883-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the combined effect of ocean acidification and warming on the dynamics of the phytoplankton fall boom in the Lower St. Lawrence Estuary, Canada. Twelve 2600 L mesocosms were used to cover a wide range of pH and two temperatures. We found that warming, rather than acidification, is more likely to alter the autumnal bloom in this estuary in the decades to come by stimulating the development and senescence of diatoms, and promoting picocyanobacteria proliferation.
Heather A. Bouman, Trevor Platt, Martina Doblin, Francisco G. Figueiras, Kristinn Gudmundsson, Hafsteinn G. Gudfinnsson, Bangqin Huang, Anna Hickman, Michael Hiscock, Thomas Jackson, Vivian A. Lutz, Frédéric Mélin, Francisco Rey, Pierre Pepin, Valeria Segura, Gavin H. Tilstone, Virginie van Dongen-Vogels, and Shubha Sathyendranath
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 10, 251–266, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-251-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-251-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The photosynthetic response of marine phytoplankton to available irradiance is a central part of satellite-based models of ocean productivity. This study brings together data from a variety of oceanographic campaigns to examine how the parameters of photosynthesis–irradiance response curves vary over the global ocean. This global synthesis reveals biogeographic, latitudinal and depth-dependent patterns in the photosynthetic properties of natural phytoplankton assemblages.
Rachel Hussherr, Maurice Levasseur, Martine Lizotte, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Jacoba Mol, Helmuth Thomas, Michel Gosselin, Michel Starr, Lisa A. Miller, Tereza Jarniková, Nina Schuback, and Alfonso Mucci
Biogeosciences, 14, 2407–2427, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2407-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2407-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This study assesses the impact of ocean acidification on phytoplankton and its synthesis of the climate-active gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS), as well as its modulation, by two contrasting light regimes in the Arctic. The light regimes tested had no significant impact on either the phytoplankton or DMS concentration, whereas both variables decreased linearly with the decrease in pH. Thus, a rapid decrease in surface water pH could alter the algal biomass and inhibit DMS production in the Arctic.
Related subject area
Domain: ESSD – Ocean | Subject: Chemical oceanography
The annual update GLODAPv2.2023: the global interior ocean biogeochemical data product
Synthesis Product for Ocean Time Series (SPOTS) – a ship-based biogeochemical pilot
French coastal network for carbonate system monitoring: the CocoriCO2 dataset
A global database of dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentration measurements in coastal waters (CoastDOM v1)
A decade-long cruise time series (2008–2018) of physical and biogeochemical conditions in the southern Salish Sea, North America
A regional pCO2 climatology of the Baltic Sea from in situ pCO2 observations and a model-based extrapolation approach
A 12-year-long (2010–2021) hydrological and biogeochemical dataset in the Sicily Channel (Mediterranean Sea)
A decade of marine inorganic carbon chemistry observations in the northern Gulf of Alaska – insights into an environment in transition
A novel sea surface pCO2-product for the global coastal ocean resolving trends over 1982–2020
A high-resolution synthesis dataset for multistressor analyses along the US West Coast
CMEMS-LSCE: a global, 0.25°, monthly reconstruction of the surface ocean carbonate system
A synthesis of ocean total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon measurements from 1993 to 2022: the SNAPO-CO2-v1 dataset
A year of transient tracers (chlorofluorocarbon 12 and sulfur hexafluoride), noble gases (helium and neon), and tritium in the Arctic Ocean from the MOSAiC expedition (2019–2020)
Database of nitrification and nitrifiers in the global ocean
Updated climatological mean delta fCO2 and net sea–air CO2 flux over the global open ocean regions
GOBAI-O2: temporally and spatially resolved fields of ocean interior dissolved oxygen over nearly 2 decades
Barium in seawater: dissolved distribution, relationship to silicon, and barite saturation state determined using machine learning
Global oceanic diazotroph database version 2 and elevated estimate of global oceanic N2 fixation
High-frequency, year-round time series of the carbonate chemistry in a high-Arctic fjord (Svalbard)
OceanSODA-UNEXE: a multi-year gridded Amazon and Congo River outflow surface ocean carbonate system dataset
Evaluating the transport of surface seawater from 1956 to 2021 using 137Cs deposited in the global ocean as a chemical tracer
Spatial reconstruction of long-term (2003–2020) sea surface pCO2 in the South China Sea using a machine-learning-based regression method aided by empirical orthogonal function analysis
OceanSODA-MDB: a standardised surface ocean carbonate system dataset for model–data intercomparisons
Hyperspectral reflectance dataset of pristine, weathered, and biofouled plastics
A database of marine macronutrient, temperature and salinity measurements made around the highly productive island of South Georgia, the Scotia Sea and the Antarctic Peninsula between 1980 and 2009
GLODAPv2.2022: the latest version of the global interior ocean biogeochemical data product
Oil slicks in the Gulf of Guinea – 10 years of Envisat Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar observations
Siv K. Lauvset, Nico Lange, Toste Tanhua, Henry C. Bittig, Are Olsen, Alex Kozyr, Marta Álvarez, Kumiko Azetsu-Scott, Peter J. Brown, Brendan R. Carter, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha, Mario Hoppema, Matthew P. Humphreys, Masao Ishii, Emil Jeansson, Akihiko Murata, Jens Daniel Müller, Fiz F. Pérez, Carsten Schirnick, Reiner Steinfeldt, Toru Suzuki, Adam Ulfsbo, Anton Velo, Ryan J. Woosley, and Robert M. Key
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2047–2072, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2047-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2047-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
GLODAP is a data product for ocean inorganic carbon and related biogeochemical variables measured by the chemical analysis of water bottle samples from scientific cruises. GLODAPv2.2023 is the fifth update of GLODAPv2 from 2016. The data that are included have been subjected to extensive quality controlling, including systematic evaluation of measurement biases. This version contains data from 1108 hydrographic cruises covering the world's oceans from 1972 to 2021.
Nico Lange, Björn Fiedler, Marta Álvarez, Alice Benoit-Cattin, Heather Benway, Pier Luigi Buttigieg, Laurent Coppola, Kim Currie, Susana Flecha, Dana S. Gerlach, Makio Honda, I. Emma Huertas, Siv K. Lauvset, Frank Muller-Karger, Arne Körtzinger, Kevin M. O'Brien, Sólveig R. Ólafsdóttir, Fernando C. Pacheco, Digna Rueda-Roa, Ingunn Skjelvan, Masahide Wakita, Angelicque White, and Toste Tanhua
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1901–1931, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1901-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1901-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Synthesis Product for Ocean Time Series (SPOTS) is a novel achievement expanding and complementing the biogeochemical data landscape by providing consistent and high-quality biogeochemical time-series data from 12 ship-based fixed time-series programs. SPOTS covers multiple unique marine environments and time-series ranges, including data from 1983 to 2021. All in all, it facilitates a variety of applications that benefit from the collective value of biogeochemical time-series observations.
Sébastien Petton, Fabrice Pernet, Valérian Le Roy, Matthias Huber, Sophie Martin, Éric Macé, Yann Bozec, Stéphane Loisel, Peggy Rimmelin-Maury, Émilie Grossteffan, Michel Repecaud, Loïc Quemener, Michael Retho, Soazig Manac'h, Mathias Papin, Philippe Pineau, Thomas Lacoue-Labarthe, Jonathan Deborde, Louis Costes, Pierre Polsenaere, Loïc Rigouin, Jérémy Benhamou, Laure Gouriou, Joséphine Lequeux, Nathalie Labourdette, Nicolas Savoye, Grégory Messiaen, Elodie Foucault, Vincent Ouisse, Marion Richard, Franck Lagarde, Florian Voron, Valentin Kempf, Sébastien Mas, Léa Giannecchini, Francesca Vidussi, Behzad Mostajir, Yann Leredde, Samir Alliouane, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, and Frédéric Gazeau
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1667–1688, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1667-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1667-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our research highlights the concerning impact of rising carbon dioxide levels on coastal areas. To better understand these changes, we've established an observation network in France. By deploying pH sensors and other monitoring equipment at key coastal sites, we're gaining valuable insights into how various factors, such as freshwater inputs, tides, temperature, and biological processes, influence ocean pH.
Christian Lønborg, Cátia Carreira, Gwenaël Abril, Susana Agustí, Valentina Amaral, Agneta Andersson, Javier Arístegui, Punyasloke Bhadury, Mariana B. Bif, Alberto V. Borges, Steven Bouillon, Maria Ll. Calleja, Luiz C. Cotovicz Jr., Stefano Cozzi, Maryló Doval, Carlos M. Duarte, Bradley Eyre, Cédric G. Fichot, E. Elena García-Martín, Alexandra Garzon-Garcia, Michele Giani, Rafael Gonçalves-Araujo, Renee Gruber, Dennis A. Hansell, Fuminori Hashihama, Ding He, Johnna M. Holding, William R. Hunter, J. Severino P. Ibánhez, Valeria Ibello, Shan Jiang, Guebuem Kim, Katja Klun, Piotr Kowalczuk, Atsushi Kubo, Choon-Weng Lee, Cláudia B. Lopes, Federica Maggioni, Paolo Magni, Celia Marrase, Patrick Martin, S. Leigh McCallister, Roisin McCallum, Patricia M. Medeiros, Xosé Anxelu G. Morán, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Allison Myers-Pigg, Marit Norli, Joanne M. Oakes, Helena Osterholz, Hyekyung Park, Maria Lund Paulsen, Judith A. Rosentreter, Jeff D. Ross, Digna Rueda-Roa, Chiara Santinelli, Yuan Shen, Eva Teira, Tinkara Tinta, Guenther Uher, Masahide Wakita, Nicholas Ward, Kenta Watanabe, Yu Xin, Youhei Yamashita, Liyang Yang, Jacob Yeo, Huamao Yuan, Qiang Zheng, and Xosé Antón Álvarez-Salgado
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1107–1119, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1107-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1107-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, we present the first edition of a global database compiling previously published and unpublished measurements of dissolved organic matter (DOM) collected in coastal waters (CoastDOM v1). Overall, the CoastDOM v1 dataset will be useful to identify global spatial and temporal patterns and to facilitate reuse in studies aimed at better characterizing local biogeochemical processes and identifying a baseline for modelling future changes in coastal waters.
Simone R. Alin, Jan A. Newton, Richard A. Feely, Dana Greeley, Beth Curry, Julian Herndon, and Mark Warner
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 837–865, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-837-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-837-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Salish cruise data product provides 2008–2018 oceanographic data from the southern Salish Sea and nearby coastal sampling stations. Temperature, salinity, oxygen, nutrient, and dissolved inorganic carbon measurements from 715 oceanographic profiles will facilitate further study of ocean acidification, hypoxia, and marine heatwave impacts in this region. Three subsets of the compiled datasets from 35 cruises are available with consistent formatting and multiple commonly used units.
Henry C. Bittig, Erik Jacobs, Thomas Neumann, and Gregor Rehder
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 753–773, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-753-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-753-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present a pCO2 climatology of the Baltic Sea using a new approach to extrapolate from individual observations to the entire Baltic Sea. The extrapolation approach uses (a) a model to inform on how data at one location are connected to data at other locations, together with (b) very accurate pCO2 observations from 2003 to 2021 as the base data. The climatology can be used e.g. to assess uptake and release of CO2 or to identify extreme events.
Francesco Placenti, Marco Torri, Katrin Schroeder, Mireno Borghini, Gabriella Cerrati, Angela Cuttitta, Vincenzo Tancredi, Carmelo Buscaino, and Bernardo Patti
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 743–752, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-743-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-743-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Oceanographic surveys were conducted in the Strait of Sicily between 2010 and 2021. This paper provides a description of the time series of nutrients and hydrological data collected in this zone. The dataset fills an important gap in field observations of a crucial area where exchanges with the Mediterranean sub-basin take place, providing support for studies aimed at describing ongoing processes and at realizing reliable projections of the effects of these processes in the near future.
Natalie M. Monacci, Jessica N. Cross, Wiley Evans, Jeremy T. Mathis, and Hongjie Wang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 647–665, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-647-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-647-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
As carbon dioxide is released into the air through human-generated activity, about one third dissolves into the surface water of oceans, lowering pH and increasing acidity. This is known as ocean acidification. We merged 10 years of ocean carbon data and made them publicly available for adaptation planning during a time of change. The data confirmed that Alaska is already experiencing the effects of ocean acidification due to naturally cold water, high productivity, and circulation patterns.
Alizée Roobaert, Pierre Regnier, Peter Landschützer, and Goulven G. Laruelle
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 421–441, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-421-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-421-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The quantification of the coastal air–sea CO2 exchange (FCO2) has improved in recent years, but its multiannual variability remains unclear. This study, based on interpolated observations, reconstructs the longest global time series of coastal FCO2 (1982–2020). Results show the coastal ocean acts as a CO2 sink, with increasing intensity over time. This new coastal FCO2-product allows establishing regional carbon budgets and provides new constraints for closing the global carbon cycle.
Esther G. Kennedy, Meghan Zulian, Sara L. Hamilton, Tessa M. Hill, Manuel Delgado, Carina R. Fish, Brian Gaylord, Kristy J. Kroeker, Hannah M. Palmer, Aurora M. Ricart, Eric Sanford, Ana K. Spalding, Melissa Ward, Guadalupe Carrasco, Meredith Elliott, Genece V. Grisby, Evan Harris, Jaime Jahncke, Catherine N. Rocheleau, Sebastian Westerink, and Maddie I. Wilmot
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 219–243, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-219-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-219-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present a new synthesis of oceanographic observations along the US West Coast that has been optimized for multiparameter investigations of coastal warming, deoxygenation, and acidification risk. This synthesis includes both previously published and new observations, all of which have been consistently formatted and quality-controlled to facilitate high-resolution investigations of climate risks and consequences across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales.
Thi-Tuyet-Trang Chau, Marion Gehlen, Nicolas Metzl, and Frédéric Chevallier
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 121–160, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-121-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-121-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
CMEMS-LSCE leads as the first global observation-based reconstructions of six carbonate system variables for the years 1985–2021 at monthly and 0.25° resolutions. The high-resolution reconstructions outperform their 1° counterpart in reproducing horizontal and temporal gradients of observations over various oceanic regions to nearshore time series stations. New datasets can be exploited in numerous studies, including monitoring changes in ocean carbon uptake and ocean acidification.
Nicolas Metzl, Jonathan Fin, Claire Lo Monaco, Claude Mignon, Samir Alliouane, David Antoine, Guillaume Bourdin, Jacqueline Boutin, Yann Bozec, Pascal Conan, Laurent Coppola, Frédéric Diaz, Eric Douville, Xavier Durrieu de Madron, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Frédéric Gazeau, Melek Golbol, Bruno Lansard, Dominique Lefèvre, Nathalie Lefèvre, Fabien Lombard, Férial Louanchi, Liliane Merlivat, Léa Olivier, Anne Petrenko, Sébastien Petton, Mireille Pujo-Pay, Christophe Rabouille, Gilles Reverdin, Céline Ridame, Aline Tribollet, Vincenzo Vellucci, Thibaut Wagener, and Cathy Wimart-Rousseau
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 89–120, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-89-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-89-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This work presents a synthesis of 44 000 total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon observations obtained between 1993 and 2022 in the Global Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea at the surface and in the water column. Seawater samples were measured using the same method and calibrated with international Certified Reference Material. We describe the data assemblage, quality control and some potential uses of this dataset.
Céline Heuzé, Oliver Huhn, Maren Walter, Natalia Sukhikh, Salar Karam, Wiebke Körtke, Myriel Vredenborg, Klaus Bulsiewicz, Jürgen Sültenfuß, Ying-Chih Fang, Christian Mertens, Benjamin Rabe, Sandra Tippenhauer, Jacob Allerholt, Hailun He, David Kuhlmey, Ivan Kuznetsov, and Maria Mallet
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 5517–5534, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5517-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5517-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Gases dissolved in the ocean water not used by the ecosystem (or "passive tracers") are invaluable to track water over long distances and investigate the processes that modify its properties. Unfortunately, especially so in the ice-covered Arctic Ocean, such gas measurements are sparse. We here present a data set of several passive tracers (anthropogenic gases, noble gases and their isotopes) collected over the full ocean depth, weekly, during the 1-year drift in the Arctic during MOSAiC.
Weiyi Tang, Bess B. Ward, Michael Beman, Laura Bristow, Darren Clark, Sarah Fawcett, Claudia Frey, François Fripiat, Gerhard J. Herndl, Mhlangabezi Mdutyana, Fabien Paulot, Xuefeng Peng, Alyson E. Santoro, Takuhei Shiozaki, Eva Sintes, Charles Stock, Xin Sun, Xianhui S. Wan, Min N. Xu, and Yao Zhang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 5039–5077, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5039-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5039-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrification and nitrifiers play an important role in marine nitrogen and carbon cycles by converting ammonium to nitrite and nitrate. Nitrification could affect microbial community structure, marine productivity, and the production of nitrous oxide – a powerful greenhouse gas. We introduce the newly constructed database of nitrification and nitrifiers in the marine water column and guide future research efforts in field observations and model development of nitrification.
Amanda R. Fay, David R. Munro, Galen A. McKinley, Denis Pierrot, Stewart C. Sutherland, Colm Sweeney, and Rik Wanninkhof
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-429, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-429, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Presented here is a near-global monthly estimate of the difference between atmosphere and ocean carbon dioxide concentrations. The ocean's ability to take up carbon, both now and in the future, is defined by this difference in concentrations. With over 30 million measurements of surface ocean carbon over the last 40 years, and utilization of an extrapolation technique, a mean estimate of surface ocean delta fCO2 is presented.
Jonathan D. Sharp, Andrea J. Fassbender, Brendan R. Carter, Gregory C. Johnson, Cristina Schultz, and John P. Dunne
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 4481–4518, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4481-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4481-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Dissolved oxygen content is a critical metric of ocean health. Recently, expanding fleets of autonomous platforms that measure oxygen in the ocean have produced a wealth of new data. We leverage machine learning to take advantage of this growing global dataset, producing a gridded data product of ocean interior dissolved oxygen at monthly resolution over nearly 2 decades. This work provides novel information for investigations of spatial, seasonal, and interannual variability in ocean oxygen.
Öykü Z. Mete, Adam V. Subhas, Heather H. Kim, Ann G. Dunlea, Laura M. Whitmore, Alan M. Shiller, Melissa Gilbert, William D. Leavitt, and Tristan J. Horner
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 4023–4045, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4023-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4023-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present results from a machine learning model that accurately predicts dissolved barium concentrations for the global ocean. Our results reveal that the whole-ocean barium inventory is significantly lower than previously thought and that the deep ocean below 1000 m is at equilibrium with respect to barite. The model output can be used for a number of applications, including intercomparison, interpolation, and identification of regions warranting additional investigation.
Zhibo Shao, Yangchun Xu, Hua Wang, Weicheng Luo, Lice Wang, Yuhong Huang, Nona Sheila R. Agawin, Ayaz Ahmed, Mar Benavides, Mikkel Bentzon-Tilia, Ilana Berman-Frank, Hugo Berthelot, Isabelle C. Biegala, Mariana B. Bif, Antonio Bode, Sophie Bonnet, Deborah A. Bronk, Mark V. Brown, Lisa Campbell, Douglas G. Capone, Edward J. Carpenter, Nicolas Cassar, Bonnie X. Chang, Dreux Chappell, Yuh-ling Lee Chen, Matthew J. Church, Francisco M. Cornejo-Castillo, Amália Maria Sacilotto Detoni, Scott C. Doney, Cecile Dupouy, Marta Estrada, Camila Fernandez, Bieito Fernández-Castro, Debany Fonseca-Batista, Rachel A. Foster, Ken Furuya, Nicole Garcia, Kanji Goto, Jesús Gago, Mary R. Gradoville, M. Robert Hamersley, Britt A. Henke, Cora Hörstmann, Amal Jayakumar, Zhibing Jiang, Shuh-Ji Kao, David M. Karl, Leila R. Kittu, Angela N. Knapp, Sanjeev Kumar, Julie LaRoche, Hongbin Liu, Jiaxing Liu, Caroline Lory, Carolin R. Löscher, Emilio Marañón, Lauren F. Messer, Matthew M. Mills, Wiebke Mohr, Pia H. Moisander, Claire Mahaffey, Robert Moore, Beatriz Mouriño-Carballido, Margaret R. Mulholland, Shin-ichiro Nakaoka, Joseph A. Needoba, Eric J. Raes, Eyal Rahav, Teodoro Ramírez-Cárdenas, Christian Furbo Reeder, Lasse Riemann, Virginie Riou, Julie C. Robidart, Vedula V. S. S. Sarma, Takuya Sato, Himanshu Saxena, Corday Selden, Justin R. Seymour, Dalin Shi, Takuhei Shiozaki, Arvind Singh, Rachel E. Sipler, Jun Sun, Koji Suzuki, Kazutaka Takahashi, Yehui Tan, Weiyi Tang, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Kendra Turk-Kubo, Zuozhu Wen, Angelicque E. White, Samuel T. Wilson, Takashi Yoshida, Jonathan P. Zehr, Run Zhang, Yao Zhang, and Ya-Wei Luo
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3673–3709, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3673-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3673-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
N2 fixation by marine diazotrophs is an important bioavailable N source to the global ocean. This updated global oceanic diazotroph database increases the number of in situ measurements of N2 fixation rates, diazotrophic cell abundances, and nifH gene copy abundances by 184 %, 86 %, and 809 %, respectively. Using the updated database, the global marine N2 fixation rate is estimated at 223 ± 30 Tg N yr−1, which triplicates that using the original database.
Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Samir Alliouane, and Philipp Fischer
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2809–2825, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2809-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2809-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Arctic Ocean is subject to high rates of ocean warming and acidification, with critical implications for marine organisms, ecosystems and the services they provide. We report here on the first high-frequency (1 h), multi-year (5 years) dataset of the carbonate system at a coastal site in a high-Arctic fjord (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard). This site is a significant sink for CO2 every month of the year (9 to 17 mol m-2 yr-1). The saturation state of aragonite can be as low as 1.3.
Richard P. Sims, Thomas M. Holding, Peter E. Land, Jean-Francois Piolle, Hannah L. Green, and Jamie D. Shutler
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2499–2516, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2499-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2499-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The flow of carbon between the land and ocean is poorly quantified with existing measurements. It is not clear how seasonality and long-term variability impact this flow of carbon. Here, we demonstrate how satellite observations can be used to create decadal time series of the inorganic carbonate system in the Amazon and Congo River outflows.
Yayoi Inomata and Michio Aoyama
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1969–2007, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1969-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1969-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The behavior of 137Cs in surface seawater in the global ocean was analyzed by using the HAMGlobal2021 database. Approximately 32 % of 137Cs existed in the surface seawater in 1970. The 137Cs released into the North Pacific Ocean by large-scale nuclear weapons tests was transported to the Indian Ocean and then the Atlantic Ocean on a 4–5 decadal timescale, whereas 137Cs released from nuclear reprocessing plants was transported northward to the Arctic Ocean on a decadal scale.
Zhixuan Wang, Guizhi Wang, Xianghui Guo, Yan Bai, Yi Xu, and Minhan Dai
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1711–1731, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1711-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1711-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We reconstructed monthly sea surface pCO2 data with a high spatial resolution in the South China Sea (SCS) from 2003 to 2020. We validate our reconstruction with three independent testing datasets and present a new method to assess the uncertainty of the data. The results strongly suggest that our reconstruction effectively captures the main features of the spatiotemporal patterns of pCO2 in the SCS. Using this dataset, we found that the SCS is overall a weak source of atmospheric CO2.
Peter Edward Land, Helen S. Findlay, Jamie D. Shutler, Jean-Francois Piolle, Richard Sims, Hannah Green, Vassilis Kitidis, Alexander Polukhin, and Irina I. Pipko
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 921–947, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-921-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-921-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Measurements of the ocean’s carbonate system (e.g. CO2 and pH) have increased greatly in recent years, resulting in a need to combine these data with satellite measurements and model results, so they can be used to test predictions of how the ocean reacts to changes such as absorption of the CO2 emitted by humans. We show a method of combining data into regions of interest (100 km circles over a 10 d period) and apply it globally to produce a harmonised and easy-to-use data archive.
Giulia Leone, Ana I. Catarino, Liesbeth De Keukelaere, Mattias Bossaer, Els Knaeps, and Gert Everaert
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 745–752, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-745-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-745-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper illustrates a dataset of hyperspectral reflectance measurements of macroplastics. Plastic samples consisted of pristine, artificially weathered, and biofouled plastic items and field plastic debris. Samples were measured in dry conditions and a subset of plastics in wet and submerged conditions. This dataset can be used to better understand plastic optical features when exposed to natural agents and to support the development of algorithms for monitoring environmental plastics.
Michael J. Whitehouse, Katharine R. Hendry, Geraint A. Tarling, Sally E. Thorpe, and Petra ten Hoopen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 211–224, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-211-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-211-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a database of Southern Ocean macronutrient, temperature and salinity measurements collected on 20 oceanographic cruises between 1980 and 2009. Vertical profiles and underway surface measurements were collected year-round as part of an integrated ecosystem study. Our data provide a novel view of biogeochemical cycling in biologically productive regions across a critical period in recent climate history and will contribute to a better understanding of the drivers of primary production.
Siv K. Lauvset, Nico Lange, Toste Tanhua, Henry C. Bittig, Are Olsen, Alex Kozyr, Simone Alin, Marta Álvarez, Kumiko Azetsu-Scott, Leticia Barbero, Susan Becker, Peter J. Brown, Brendan R. Carter, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha, Richard A. Feely, Mario Hoppema, Matthew P. Humphreys, Masao Ishii, Emil Jeansson, Li-Qing Jiang, Steve D. Jones, Claire Lo Monaco, Akihiko Murata, Jens Daniel Müller, Fiz F. Pérez, Benjamin Pfeil, Carsten Schirnick, Reiner Steinfeldt, Toru Suzuki, Bronte Tilbrook, Adam Ulfsbo, Anton Velo, Ryan J. Woosley, and Robert M. Key
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5543–5572, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5543-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5543-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
GLODAP is a data product for ocean inorganic carbon and related biogeochemical variables measured by the chemical analysis of water bottle samples from scientific cruises. GLODAPv2.2022 is the fourth update of GLODAPv2 from 2016. The data that are included have been subjected to extensive quality controlling, including systematic evaluation of measurement biases. This version contains data from 1085 hydrographic cruises covering the world's oceans from 1972 to 2021.
Zhour Najoui, Nellya Amoussou, Serge Riazanoff, Guillaume Aurel, and Frédéric Frappart
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4569–4588, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4569-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4569-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Oil spills could have serious repercussions for both the marine environment and ecosystem. The Gulf of Guinea is a very active area with respect to maritime traffic as well as oil and gas exploitation (platforms). As a result, the region is subject to a large number of oil pollution events. This study aims to detect oil slicks in the Gulf of Guinea and analyse their spatial and temporal distribution using satellite data.
Cited articles
Azetsu-Scott, K., Clarke, A., Falkner, K., Hamilton, J., Jones, E. P., Lee, C.,
Petrie, B., Prinsenberg, S., Starr, M., and Yeats, P.: Calcium carbonate
saturation states in the waters of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and the
Labrador Sea, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 115, C11021,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JC005917, 2010. a, b, c
Azetsu-Scott, K., Starr, M., Mei, Z.-P., and Granskog, M.: Low calcium
carbonate saturation state in an Arctic inland sea having large and varying
fluvial inputs: The Hudson Bay system, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 119, 6210–6220, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JC009948, 2014. a
Bates, N. R., Mathis, J. T., and Cooper, L. W.: Ocean acidification and
biologically induced seasonality of carbonate mineral saturation states in
the western Arctic Ocean, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 114,
C11007, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JC004862, 2009. a
Belkin, I. M., Cornillon, P. C., and Sherman, K.: Fronts in Large Marine
Ecosystems, Prog. Oceanogr., 81, 223–236,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2009.04.015, 2009. a
Brickman, D., Wang, Z., and DeTracey, B.: Variability of Current Streams in
Atlantic Canadian Waters: A Model Study, Atmos. Ocean, 54, 218–229,
https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2015.1094026, 2016. a
Cai, W. J. and Wang, Y.: The chemistry, fluxes, and sources of carbon dioxide
in the estuarine waters of the Satilla and Altamaha Rivers, Georgia,
Limnol. Oceanogr., 43, 657–668, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1998.43.4.0657,
1998. a, b, c
Cai, W. J., Hu, X., Huang, W. J., Jiang, L. Q., Wang, Y., Peng, T. H., and
Zhang, X.: Alkalinity distribution in the western North Atlantic Ocean
margins, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 115, C08014,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JC005482, 2010. a
Capotondi, A., Jacox, M., Bowler, C., Kavanaugh, M., Lehodey, P., Barrie, D.,
Brodie, S., Chaffron, S., Cheng, W., Dias, D. F., Eveillard, D., Guidi, L.,
Iudicone, D., Lovenduski, N. S., Nye, J. A., Ortiz, I., Pirhalla, D.,
Pozo Buil, M., Saba, V., Sheridan, S., Siedlecki, S., Subramanian, A.,
de Vargas, C., Di Lorenzo, E., Doney, S. C., Hermann, A. J., Joyce, T.,
Merrifield, M., Miller, A. J., Not, F., and Pesant, S.: Observational Needs
Supporting Marine Ecosystems Modeling and Forecasting: From the Global Ocean
to Regional and Coastal Systems, Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, 623,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00623, 2019. a
Chen, B., Cai, W.-J., and Chen, L.: The marine carbonate system of the Arctic
Ocean: assessment of internal consistency and sampling considerations, summer
2010, Mar. Chem., 176, 174–188, 2015. a
Claret, M., Galbraith, E. D., Palter, J. B., Bianchi, D., Fennel, K., Gilbert,
D., and Dunne, J. P.: Rapid coastal deoxygenation due to ocean circulation
shift in the northwest Atlantic, Nat. Clim. Change, 8, 868–872,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0263-1, 2018. a
Clayton, T. D. and Byrne, R. H.: Spectrophotometric seawater pH measurements:
total hydrogen ion concentration scale calibration of m-cresol purple and
at-sea results, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 40,
2115–2129, 1993. a
Cooley, S. R. and Doney, S. C.: Anticipating ocean acidification's economic
consequences for commercial fisheries, Environ. Res. Lett., 4, 24007,
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/4/2/024007, 2009. a
Cyr, F. and Galbraith, P. S.: A climate index for the Newfoundland and Labrador shelf, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 1807–1828, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1807-2021, 2021. a
Cyr, F. and Larouche, P.: Thermal fronts atlas of Canadian coastal waters,
Atmos. Ocean, 53, 212–236, https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2014.986710, 2015. a
Cyr, F., Gibb, O., Azetsu-Scott, K., Chassé, J., Galbraith, P., Maillet,
G., Pepin, P., Punshon, S., and Starr, M.: Ocean carbonate parameters on the
Canadian Atlantic Continental Shelf, Federated Research Data Repository [data set],
https://doi.org/10.20383/102.0673, 2022a. a, b
Cyr, F., Snook, S., Bishop, C., Galbraith, P. S., Chen, N., and Han, G.:
Physical Oceanographic Conditions on the Newfoundland and Labrador Shelf
during 2021, DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. 2022/040. iv + 48 p.,
2022b. a
Dever, M., Hebert, D., Greenan, B. J., Sheng, J., and Smith, P. C.:
Hydrography and Coastal Circulation along the Halifax Line and the
Connections with the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Atmos. Ocean, 54, 199–217,
https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2016.1189397, 2016. a, b
DFO: Canada's Fisheries Fast Facts 2021, Economic Analysis and Statistics, Fisheries and Oceans Canada Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, ISSN 1928-0319, 2022. a
Dickson, A. G.: Thermodynamics of the dissociation of boric acid in synthetic
seawater from 273.15 to 318.15 K, Deep-Sea Res. Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers, 37, 755–766, 1990. a
Dickson, A. G.: The carbon dioxide system in seawater: Equilibrium chemistry and measurements, in: Guide to best practices for ocean acidification research and data reporting, edited by: Riebesell, U., Fabry, V. J., and Hansson, L., Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 17–40, 2010. a, b
Dinauer, A. and Mucci, A.: Spatial variability in surface-water pCO2 and gas exchange in the world's largest semi-enclosed estuarine system: St. Lawrence Estuary (Canada), Biogeosciences, 14, 3221–3237, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3221-2017, 2017. a, b
Dinauer, A. and Mucci, A.: Distinguishing between physical and biological
controls on the spatial variability of pCO2: A novel approach using OMP water
mass analysis (St. Lawrence, Canada), Mar. Chem., 204, 107–120,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2018.03.007, 2018. a, b, c
Ekstrom, J. A., Suatoni, L., Cooley, S. R., Pendleton, L. H., Waldbusser,
G. G., Cinner, J. E., Ritter, J., Langdon, C., Van Hooidonk, R., Gledhill,
D., Wellman, K., Beck, M. W., Brander, L. M., Rittschof, D., Doherty, C.,
Edwards, P. E., and Portela, R.: Vulnerability and adaptation of US
shellfisheries to ocean acidification, Nat. Clim. Change, 5, 207–214,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2508, 2015. a
Fabry, V. J., Seibel, B. A., Feely, R. A., and Orr, J. C.: Impacts of ocean
acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem processes., ICES J.
Mar. Sci., 64, 414–432, https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv8jnzw1.25, 2008. a
Fassbender, A. J., Alin, S. R., Feely, R. A., Sutton, A. J., Newton, J. A., and
Byrne, R. H.: Estimating Total Alkalinity in the Washington State Coastal
Zone: Complexities and Surprising Utility for Ocean Acidification Research,
Estuar. Coast., 40, 404–418, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-016-0168-z, 2017. a, b
Fennel, K., Gehlen, M., Brasseur, P., Brown, C. W., Ciavatta, S., Cossarini,
G., Crise, A., Edwards, C. A., Ford, D., Friedrichs, M. A., Gregoire, M.,
Jones, E., Kim, H. C., Lamouroux, J., Murtugudde, R., and Perruche, C.:
Advancing marine biogeochemical and ecosystem reanalyses and forecasts as
tools for monitoring and managing ecosystem health, Frontiers in Marine
Science, 6, 89, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00089, 2019. a
Florindo-López, C., Bacon, S., Aksenov, Y., Chafik, L., Colbourne, E.,
and Penny Holliday, N.: Arctic ocean and hudson bay freshwater exports: New
estimates from seven decades of hydrographic surveys on the Labrador shelf,
J. Climate, 33, 8849–8868, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0083.1, 2020. a
Galbraith, P. S.: Winter water masses in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, J.
Geophys. Res., 111, C06022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JC003159, 2006. a
Gilbert, D., Sundby, B., Gobeil, C., Mucci, A., and Tremblay, G.-H.: A
seventy-two-year record of diminishing deep-water oxygen in the St. Lawrence
estuary: The northwest Atlantic connection, Limnol. Oceanogr., 50,
1654–1666, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2005.50.5.1654, 2005. a, b, c, d
Golub, M., Desai, A. R., McKinley, G. A., Remucal, C. K., and Stanley, E. H.:
Large Uncertainty in Estimating pCO2 From Carbonate Equilibria in Lakes,
J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 122, 2909–2924,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG003794, 2017. a
Greenan, B., James, T., Loder, J., P., P., Azetsu-Scott, K., Ianson, D., Hamme,
R., Gilbert, D., Tremblay, J.-E., Wang, X., and Perrie, W.: Changes in
Oceans Surrounding Canada, in: Canada's Changing Climate Report, edited by:
Bush, E. and Lemmen, D. S., vol. Chapter 7, 343–423, Government of
Canada, Ottawa, ON, ISBN 978-0-660-30222-5, 2019. a
Han, G., Lu, Z., Wang, Z., Helbig, J., Chen, N., and de Young, B.: Seasonal
variability of the Labrador Current and shelf circulation off Newfoundland,
J. Geophys. Res., 113, C10013, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JC004376,
2008. a
Humphreys, M. P., Gregor, L., Pierrot, D., van Heuven, S. M. A. C., Lewis,
E. R., and Wallace, D. W. R.: PyCO2SYS: marine carbonate system calculations
in Python, Zenodo [code], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3886559, 2020. a
Hunt, C. W., Salisbury, J. E., Vandemark, D., Aßmann, S., Fietzek, P.,
Melrose, C., Wanninkhof, R., and Azetsu-Scott, K.: Variability of USA East
Coast surface total alkalinity distributions revealed by automated instrument
measurements, Mar. Chem., 232, 103960, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2021.103960,
2021. a
Johnson, K. M., Wills, K. D., Butler, D. B., Johnson, W. K., and Wong, C. S.:
Coulometric total carbon dioxide analysis for marine studies: maximizing the
performance of an automated gas extraction system and coulometric detector,
Mar. Chem., 44, 167–187, 1993. a
Jutras, M., Dufour, C. O., Mucci, A., Cyr, F., and Gilbert, D.: Temporal
Changes in the Causes of the Observed Oxygen Decline in the St. Lawrence
Estuary, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 125, e2020JC016577,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016577, 2020. a, b
Kroeker, K. J., Kordas, R. L., Crim, R., Hendriks, I. E., Ramajo, L., Singh,
G. S., Duarte, C. M., and Gattuso, J. P.: Impacts of ocean acidification on
marine organisms: Quantifying sensitivities and interaction with warming,
Glob. Change Biol., 19, 1884–1896, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12179, 2013. a
Lavoie, D., Lambert, N., Rousseau, S., Dumas, J., Chassé, J., Long, Z.,
Perrie, W., Starr, M., Brickman, D., and Azetsu-Scott, K.: Projections of
future physical and biogeochemical conditions in the Gulf of St. Lawrence,
on the Scotian Shelf and in the Gulf of Maine, Can. Tech. Rep. Hydrogr.
Ocean Sci., 334, xiii + 102 p., ISBN 9780660361598, 2020. a
Lavoie, D., Lambert, N., Starr, M., Chassé, J., Riche, O., Le Clainche,
Y., Azetsu-Scott, K., Béjaoui, B., Christian, J. R., and Gilbert, D.:
The Gulf of St. Lawrence Biogeochemical Model: A Modelling Tool for
Fisheries and Ocean Management, Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, 732269,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.732269, 2021. a
Lévy, M., Ferrari, R., Franks, P. J., Martin, A. P., and Rivière,
P.: Bringing physics to life at the submesoscale, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 39, L14602, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL052756, 2012. a
Lewis, E. and Wallace, D. W. R.: Program Developed for CO2 System Calculations, ORNL/CDIAC-105, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, https://doi.org/10.2172/639712, 1998. a
Loder, J. W., Petrie, B., and Gawarkiewicz, G.: The Coastal Ocean off
Northeastern North America : A Large-Scale View, in: The Sea: Vol. 11, The
Global Coastal Ocean: Regional Studies and Synthesis, edited by: Robinson, A.
and Brink, K. H., chap. 5, Harvard University Press, 105–133, ISBN 9780674017412, 1998. a
Mathis, J. T., Cooley, S. R., Lucey, N., Colt, S., Ekstrom, J., Hurst, T.,
Hauri, C., Evans, W., Cross, J. N., and Feely, R. A.: Ocean acidification
risk assessment for Alaska's fishery sector, Prog. Oceanogr.,
136, 71–91, 2015. a
McDougall, T. J. and Barker, P. M.: Getting started with TEOS-10 and the Gibbs
Seawater (GSW) Oceanographic Toolbox, SCOR/IAPSO WG127, 28 pp., ISBN 978-0-646-55621-5., 2011. a
Millero, F. J.: The pH of estuarine waters, Limnol. Oceanogr., 31,
839–847, 1986. a
Millero, F. J.: Thermodynamics of the carbon dioxide system in the oceans,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 59, 661–677, 1995. a
Millero, F. J.: The marine inorganic carbon cycle, Chem. Rev., 107,
308–341, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr0503557, 2007. a
Millero, F. J.: Carbonate constants for estuarine waters, Mar.
Freshwater Res., 61, 139–142, 2010. a
Mintrop, L., Pérez, F. F., González-Dávila, M.,
Santana-Casiano, M., and Körtzinger, A.: Alkalinity determination by
potentiometry: Intercalibration using three different methods, Cienc. Mar., 26, 23–27, https://doi.org/10.7773/cm.v26i1.573, 2000. a
Mitchell, M. R., Harrison, G., Pauley, K., Gagné, A., Maillet, G., and
Strain, P.: Atlantic zonal monitoring program sampling protocol, Canadian
Technical Report of Hydrography and Ocean Sciences, 223, iv + 23 pp., ISSN 071 1-6764, 2002. a
Mucci, A.: The solubility of calcite and aragonite in seawater at various
salinities, temperatures, and one atmosphere total pressure, Am.
J. Sci., 283, 780–799, 1983. a
Mucci, A., Starr, M., Gilbert, D., and Sundby, B.: Acidification of Lower St.
Lawrence Estuary Bottom Waters, Atmos. Ocean, 49, 206–218,
https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2011.599265, 2011. a, b
Mucci, A., Levasseur, M., Gratton, Y., Martias, C., Scarratt, M., Gilbert, D.,
Tremblay, J.-Ã., Ferreyra, G., and Lansard, B.: Tidally-induced variations
of pH at the head of the Laurentian Channel., Can. J. Fish.
Aquat. Sci., 75, 1128–1141, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2017-0007, 2017. a, b
Orr, J. C., Epitalon, J.-M., and Gattuso, J.-P.: Comparison of ten packages that compute ocean carbonate chemistry, Biogeosciences, 12, 1483–1510, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1483-2015, 2015. a, b, c, d
Petrie, B. and Drinkwater, K.: Temperature and salinity variability on the
Scotian Shelf and in the Gulf of Maine 1945–1990, J. Geophys.
Res., 98, 20079–20089, 1993. a
Pilcher, D. J., Naiman, D. M., Cross, J. N., Hermann, A. J., Siedlecki, S. A.,
Gibson, G. A., and Mathis, J. T.: Modeled effect of coastal biogeochemical
processes, climate variability, and ocean acidification on aragonite
saturation state in the bering sea, Frontiers in Marine Science, 5, 508,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00508, 2019. a
Pörtner, H.-O., Roberts, D. C., Masson-Delmotte, V., Zhai, P., Tignor, M., Poloczanska, E., Mintenbeck, K., Alegría, A., Nicolai, M., Okem, A., Petzold, J., Rama, B., and Weyer, N. M.: IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, 3–35, https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157964.001, 2019. a
Shadwick, E. H., Thomas, H., Azetsu-Scott, K., Greenan, B. J., Head, E., and
Horne, E.: Seasonal variability of dissolved inorganic carbon and surface
water pCO2 in the Scotian Shelf region of the Northwestern Atlantic, Mar.
Chem., 124, 23–37, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2010.11.004,
2011. a
Siedlecki, S. A., Salisbury, J., Gledhill, D. K., Bastidas, C., Meseck, S.,
McGarry, K., Hunt, C. W., Alexander, M., Lavoie, D., Wang, Z. A., Scott, J.,
Brady, D. C., Mlsna, I., Azetsu-Scott, K., Liberti, C. M., Melrose, D. C.,
White, M. M., Pershing, A., Vandemark, D., Townsend, D. W., Chen, C., Mook,
W., and Morrison, R.: Projecting ocean acidification impacts for the Gulf of
Maine to 2050: new tools and expectations, Elementa, 9, 00062,
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2020.00062, 2021.
a, b
Therriault, J., Petrie, B., Pepin, P., Gagnon, J., Gregory, D., Helbig, J.,
Herman, A., Lefaivre, D., Mitchell, M., Pelchat, B., Runge, J., and Sameoto,
D.: Proposal for a northwest zonal monitoring program, Canadian Technical
Report of Hydrographic and Ocean Sciences, 194, vii + 57 p., ISSN 07 1 1-6764, 1998. a
Thibodeau, B., Devernal, a., and Mucci, a.: Recent eutrophication and
consequent hypoxia in the bottom waters of the Lower St. Lawrence Estuary:
Micropaleontological and geochemical evidence, Mar. Geol., 231, 37–50,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2006.05.010, 2006. a
Tilbrook, B., Jewett, E. B., DeGrandpre, M. D., Hernandez-Ayon, J. M., Feely,
R. A., Gledhill, D. K., Hansson, L., Isensee, K., Kurz, M. L., Newton, J. A.,
Siedlecki, S. A., Chai, F., Dupont, S., Graco, M., Calvo, E., Greeley, D.,
Kapsenberg, L., Lebrec, M., Pelejero, C., Schoo, K. L., and Telszewski, M.:
An enhanced ocean acidification observing network: From people to technology
to data synthesis and information exchange, Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, 337,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00337, 2019. a
Uppstrom, L. R.: The boron/chlorinity ratio of deep-sea water from the Pacific
Ocean, Deep-Sea Res. Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers, 21, 161–162, 1974. a
Waldbusser, G. G., Hales, B., Langdon, C. J., Haley, B. A., Schrader, P.,
Brunner, E. L., Gray, M. W., Miller, C. A., and Gimenez, I.:
Saturation-state sensitivity of marine bivalve larvae to ocean
acidification, Nat. Clim. Change, 5, 273–280,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2479, 2015. a
Wanninkhof, R., Barbero, L., Byrne, R., Cai, W.-J., Huang, W.-J., Zhang, J.-Z.,
Baringer, M., and Langdon, C.: Ocean acidification along the Gulf Coast and
East Coast of the USA, Cont. Shelf Res., 98, 54–71, 2015. a
Wilson, T. J., Cooley, S. R., Tai, T. C., Cheung, W. W., and Tyedmers, P. H.:
Potential socioeconomic impacts from ocean acidification and climate change
effects on Atlantic Canadian fisheries, PLoS ONE, 15, e0226544,
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226544, 2020. a
Yashayaev, I. and Loder, J. W.: Further intensification of deep convection in
the Labrador Sea in 2016, Geophys. Res. Lett., 44, 1429–1438,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL071668, 2017. a
Short summary
The ocean absorbs large quantities of carbon dioxide (CO2) released into the atmosphere as a result of the burning of fossil fuels. This, in turn, causes ocean acidification, which poses a major threat to global ocean ecosystems. In this study, we compiled 9 years (2014–2022) of ocean carbonate data (i.e., ocean acidification parameters) collected in Atlantic Canada as part of the Atlantic Zone Monitoring Program.
The ocean absorbs large quantities of carbon dioxide (CO2) released into the atmosphere as a...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint