Articles | Volume 10, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-1859-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-1859-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Review article
| 
16 Oct 2018
Review article |
| 16 Oct 2018
| 16 Oct 2018
A global compilation of coccolithophore calcification rates
Chris J. Daniels
National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
The Lyell Centre for Earth and Marine Sciences and Technology,
Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
William M. Balch
Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, ME 04544,
Maine, USA
Emilio Marañón
Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, Universidad
de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton,
University of Southampton, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
Bruce C. Bowler
Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, ME 04544,
Maine, USA
Pedro Cermeño
Instituto de Cièncias del Mar, CSIC, E08003 Barcelona, Spain
Anastasia Charalampopoulou
Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton,
University of Southampton, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
David W. Crawford
Climate Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Ocean Sciences,
Fisheries and Oceans Canada, P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2 Canada
Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British
Columbia V8W 2YA, Canada
Dave Drapeau
Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, ME 04544,
Maine, USA
Yuanyuan Feng
Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin Shi, 300457,
China
Ana Fernández
Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, Universidad
de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
Emilio Fernández
Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, Universidad
de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
Glaucia M. Fragoso
Trondhjem Biological Station, Department of Biology, Norwegian
University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
Natalia González
Biodiversity and Conservation Area, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos,
28933 Madrid, Spain
Lisa M. Graziano
Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, ME 04544,
Maine, USA
Rachel Heslop
Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton,
University of Southampton, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
Patrick M. Holligan
Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton,
University of Southampton, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
Jason Hopkins
Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, ME 04544,
Maine, USA
María Huete-Ortega
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
David A. Hutchins
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern
California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
Phoebe J. Lam
Department of Ocean Sciences, University of California, Santa
Cruz, California, CA 95064, USA
Michael S. Lipsen
Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver,
British Columbia BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
Daffne C. López-Sandoval
Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and
Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
Socratis Loucaides
National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton,
University of Southampton, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
Adrian Marchetti
Department of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, NC 27599, USA
Kyle M. J. Mayers
Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton,
University of Southampton, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
Andrew P. Rees
Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, Plymouth,
PL1 3DH, UK
Cristina Sobrino
Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, Universidad
de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
Eithne Tynan
Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton,
University of Southampton, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
Toby Tyrrell
Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton,
University of Southampton, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
Related authors
Rosie M. Sheward, Alex J. Poulton, Samantha J. Gibbs, Chris J. Daniels, and Paul R. Bown
Biogeosciences, 14, 1493–1509, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1493-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1493-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Our culture experiments on modern Coccolithophores find that physiology regulates shifts in the geometry of their carbonate shells (coccospheres) between growth phases. This provides a tool to access growth information in modern and past populations. Directly comparing modern species with fossil coccospheres derives a new proxy for investigating the physiology that underpins phytoplankton responses to environmental change through geological time.
C. J. Daniels, A. J. Poulton, M. Esposito, M. L. Paulsen, R. Bellerby, M. St John, and A. P. Martin
Biogeosciences, 12, 2395–2409, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2395-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2395-2015, 2015
C. J. Daniels, R. M. Sheward, and A. J. Poulton
Biogeosciences, 11, 6915–6925, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6915-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6915-2014, 2014
Brandon Stephens, Montserrat Roca-Martí, Amy Maas, Vinícius Amaral, Samantha Clevenger, Shawnee Traylor, Claudia Benitez-Nelson, Philip Boyd, Ken Buesseler, Craig Carlson, Nicolas Cassar, Margaret Estapa, Andrea Fassbender, Yibin Huang, Phoebe Lam, Olivier Marchal, Susanne Menden-Deuer, Nicola Paul, Alyson Santoro, David Siegel, and David Nicholson
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2251, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2251, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The ocean’s mesopelagic zone (MZ) plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. This study combines new and previously published measurements of organic carbon supply and demand collected in August 2018 for the MZ in the subarctic North Pacific Ocean. Supply was insufficient to meet demand in August, but supply entering into the MZ in the spring of 2018 could have met the August demand. Results suggest observations over seasonal time scales may help to close MZ carbon budgets.
Ben J. Fisher, Alex J. Poulton, Michael P. Meredith, Kimberlee Baldry, Oscar Schofield, and Sian F. Henley
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-990, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-990, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Southern Ocean is a rapidly warming environment, with subsequent impacts on ecosystems and biogeochemical cycling. This study examines changes in phytoplankton and biogeochemistry using a range of climate models. Under climate change the Southern Ocean will be warmer, more acidic, more productive and have reduced nutrient availability by 2100. However, there is substantial variability between models across key productivity parameters, we propose ways of reducing this uncertainty.
Chuqing Zhang, Yingxu Wu, Peter J. Brown, David Stappard, Amavi N. Silva, and Toby Tyrrell
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3143, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3143, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we found that float-based pCO2 is overall high by systematically comparing ship-based pCO2 with float-based pCO2. This finding partly explains the apparent difference between the carbon fluxes calculated from the float data and other databases. It inspires further examination of the quality of the float pH data and the pCO2 calculation process.
Andrea J. McEvoy, Angus Atkinson, Ruth L. Airs, Rachel Brittain, Ian Brown, Elaine S. Fileman, Helen S. Findlay, Caroline L. McNeill, Clare Ostle, Tim J. Smyth, Paul J. Somerfield, Karen Tait, Glen A. Tarran, Simon Thomas, Claire E. Widdicombe, E. Malcolm S. Woodward, Amanda Beesley, David V. P. Conway, James Fishwick, Hannah Haines, Carolyn Harris, Roger Harris, Pierre Hélaouët, David Johns, Penelope K. Lindeque, Thomas Mesher, Abigail McQuatters-Gollop, Joana Nunes, Frances Perry, Ana M. Queiros, Andrew Rees, Saskia Rühl, David Sims, Ricardo Torres, and Stephen Widdicombe
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 5701–5737, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5701-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5701-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Western Channel Observatory is an oceanographic time series and biodiversity reference site within 40 km of Plymouth (UK), sampled since 1903. Differing levels of reporting and formatting hamper the use of the valuable individual datasets. We provide the first summary database as monthly averages where comparisons can be made of the physical, chemical and biological data. We describe the database, illustrate its utility to examine seasonality and longer-term trends, and summarize previous work.
David A. Hutchins, Fei-Xue Fu, Shun-Chung Yang, Seth G. John, Stephen J. Romaniello, M. Grace Andrews, and Nathan G. Walworth
Biogeosciences, 20, 4669–4682, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4669-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4669-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Applications of the mineral olivine are a promising means to capture carbon dioxide via coastal enhanced weathering, but little is known about the impacts on important marine phytoplankton. We examined the effects of olivine dissolution products on species from three major phytoplankton groups: diatoms, coccolithophores, and cyanobacteria. Growth and productivity were generally either unaffected or stimulated, suggesting the effects of olivine on key phytoplankton are negligible or positive.
Zhibo Shao, Yangchun Xu, Hua Wang, Weicheng Luo, Lice Wang, Yuhong Huang, Nona Sheila R. Agawin, Ayaz Ahmed, Mar Benavides, Mikkel Bentzon-Tilia, Ilana Berman-Frank, Hugo Berthelot, Isabelle C. Biegala, Mariana B. Bif, Antonio Bode, Sophie Bonnet, Deborah A. Bronk, Mark V. Brown, Lisa Campbell, Douglas G. Capone, Edward J. Carpenter, Nicolas Cassar, Bonnie X. Chang, Dreux Chappell, Yuh-ling Lee Chen, Matthew J. Church, Francisco M. Cornejo-Castillo, Amália Maria Sacilotto Detoni, Scott C. Doney, Cecile Dupouy, Marta Estrada, Camila Fernandez, Bieito Fernández-Castro, Debany Fonseca-Batista, Rachel A. Foster, Ken Furuya, Nicole Garcia, Kanji Goto, Jesús Gago, Mary R. Gradoville, M. Robert Hamersley, Britt A. Henke, Cora Hörstmann, Amal Jayakumar, Zhibing Jiang, Shuh-Ji Kao, David M. Karl, Leila R. Kittu, Angela N. Knapp, Sanjeev Kumar, Julie LaRoche, Hongbin Liu, Jiaxing Liu, Caroline Lory, Carolin R. Löscher, Emilio Marañón, Lauren F. Messer, Matthew M. Mills, Wiebke Mohr, Pia H. Moisander, Claire Mahaffey, Robert Moore, Beatriz Mouriño-Carballido, Margaret R. Mulholland, Shin-ichiro Nakaoka, Joseph A. Needoba, Eric J. Raes, Eyal Rahav, Teodoro Ramírez-Cárdenas, Christian Furbo Reeder, Lasse Riemann, Virginie Riou, Julie C. Robidart, Vedula V. S. S. Sarma, Takuya Sato, Himanshu Saxena, Corday Selden, Justin R. Seymour, Dalin Shi, Takuhei Shiozaki, Arvind Singh, Rachel E. Sipler, Jun Sun, Koji Suzuki, Kazutaka Takahashi, Yehui Tan, Weiyi Tang, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Kendra Turk-Kubo, Zuozhu Wen, Angelicque E. White, Samuel T. Wilson, Takashi Yoshida, Jonathan P. Zehr, Run Zhang, Yao Zhang, and Ya-Wei Luo
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3673–3709, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3673-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3673-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
N2 fixation by marine diazotrophs is an important bioavailable N source to the global ocean. This updated global oceanic diazotroph database increases the number of in situ measurements of N2 fixation rates, diazotrophic cell abundances, and nifH gene copy abundances by 184 %, 86 %, and 809 %, respectively. Using the updated database, the global marine N2 fixation rate is estimated at 223 ± 30 Tg N yr−1, which triplicates that using the original database.
Ben J. Fisher, Alex J. Poulton, Michael P. Meredith, Kimberlee Baldry, Oscar Schofield, and Sian F. Henley
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-10, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-10, 2023
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
The Southern Ocean is warming faster than the global average. As a globally important carbon sink and nutrient source, climate driven changes in ecosystems can be expected to cause widespread changes to biogeochemical cycles. We analysed earth system models and showed that productivity is expected to increase across the Southern Ocean, driven by different phytoplankton groups at different latitudes. These predictions carry large uncertainties, we propose targeted studies to reduce this error.
André Valente, Shubha Sathyendranath, Vanda Brotas, Steve Groom, Michael Grant, Thomas Jackson, Andrei Chuprin, Malcolm Taberner, Ruth Airs, David Antoine, Robert Arnone, William M. Balch, Kathryn Barker, Ray Barlow, Simon Bélanger, Jean-François Berthon, Şükrü Beşiktepe, Yngve Borsheim, Astrid Bracher, Vittorio Brando, Robert J. W. Brewin, Elisabetta Canuti, Francisco P. Chavez, Andrés Cianca, Hervé Claustre, Lesley Clementson, Richard Crout, Afonso Ferreira, Scott Freeman, Robert Frouin, Carlos García-Soto, Stuart W. Gibb, Ralf Goericke, Richard Gould, Nathalie Guillocheau, Stanford B. Hooker, Chuamin Hu, Mati Kahru, Milton Kampel, Holger Klein, Susanne Kratzer, Raphael Kudela, Jesus Ledesma, Steven Lohrenz, Hubert Loisel, Antonio Mannino, Victor Martinez-Vicente, Patricia Matrai, David McKee, Brian G. Mitchell, Tiffany Moisan, Enrique Montes, Frank Muller-Karger, Aimee Neeley, Michael Novak, Leonie O'Dowd, Michael Ondrusek, Trevor Platt, Alex J. Poulton, Michel Repecaud, Rüdiger Röttgers, Thomas Schroeder, Timothy Smyth, Denise Smythe-Wright, Heidi M. Sosik, Crystal Thomas, Rob Thomas, Gavin Tilstone, Andreia Tracana, Michael Twardowski, Vincenzo Vellucci, Kenneth Voss, Jeremy Werdell, Marcel Wernand, Bozena Wojtasiewicz, Simon Wright, and Giuseppe Zibordi
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5737–5770, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5737-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5737-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A compiled set of in situ data is vital to evaluate the quality of ocean-colour satellite data records. Here we describe the global compilation of bio-optical in situ data (spanning from 1997 to 2021) used for the validation of the ocean-colour products from the ESA Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI). The compilation merges and harmonizes several in situ data sources into a simple format that could be used directly for the evaluation of satellite-derived ocean-colour data.
Abigale M. Wyatt, Laure Resplandy, and Adrian Marchetti
Biogeosciences, 19, 5689–5705, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5689-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5689-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Marine heat waves (MHWs) are a frequent event in the northeast Pacific, with a large impact on the region's ecosystems. Large phytoplankton in the North Pacific Transition Zone are greatly affected by decreased nutrients, with less of an impact in the Alaskan Gyre. For small phytoplankton, MHWs increase the spring small phytoplankton population in both regions thanks to reduced light limitation. In both zones, this results in a significant decrease in the ratio of large to small phytoplankton.
Rebecca Chmiel, Nathan Lanning, Allison Laubach, Jong-Mi Lee, Jessica Fitzsimmons, Mariko Hatta, William Jenkins, Phoebe Lam, Matthew McIlvin, Alessandro Tagliabue, and Mak Saito
Biogeosciences, 19, 2365–2395, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2365-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2365-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Dissolved cobalt is present in trace amounts in seawater and is a necessary nutrient for marine microbes. On a transect from the Alaskan coast to Tahiti, we measured seawater concentrations of dissolved cobalt. Here, we describe several interesting features of the Pacific cobalt cycle including cobalt sources along the Alaskan coast and Hawaiian vents, deep-ocean particle formation, cobalt activity in low-oxygen regions, and how our samples compare to a global biogeochemical model’s predictions.
Darren R. Clark, Andrew P. Rees, Charissa M. Ferrera, Lisa Al-Moosawi, Paul J. Somerfield, Carolyn Harris, Graham D. Quartly, Stephen Goult, Glen Tarran, and Gennadi Lessin
Biogeosciences, 19, 1355–1376, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1355-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1355-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Measurements of microbial processes were made in the sunlit open ocean during a research cruise (AMT19) between the UK and Chile. These help us to understand how microbial communities maintain the function of remote ecosystems. We find that the nitrogen cycling microbes which produce nitrite respond to changes in the environment. Our insights will aid the development of models that aim to replicate and ultimately project how marine environments may respond to ongoing climate change.
Julie Dinasquet, Estelle Bigeard, Frédéric Gazeau, Farooq Azam, Cécile Guieu, Emilio Marañón, Céline Ridame, France Van Wambeke, Ingrid Obernosterer, and Anne-Claire Baudoux
Biogeosciences, 19, 1303–1319, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1303-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1303-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Saharan dust deposition of nutrients and trace metals is crucial to microbes in the Mediterranean Sea. Here, we tested the response of microbial and viral communities to simulated dust deposition under present and future conditions of temperature and pH. Overall, the effect of the deposition was dependent on the initial microbial assemblage, and future conditions will intensify microbial responses. We observed effects on trophic interactions, cascading all the way down to viral processes.
France Van Wambeke, Vincent Taillandier, Karine Desboeufs, Elvira Pulido-Villena, Julie Dinasquet, Anja Engel, Emilio Marañón, Céline Ridame, and Cécile Guieu
Biogeosciences, 18, 5699–5717, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5699-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5699-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Simultaneous in situ measurements of (dry and wet) atmospheric deposition and biogeochemical stocks and fluxes in the sunlit waters of the open Mediterranean Sea revealed complex physical and biological processes occurring within the mixed layer. Nitrogen (N) budgets were computed to compare the sources and sinks of N in the mixed layer. The transitory effect observed after a wet dust deposition impacted the microbial food web down to the deep chlorophyll maximum.
Frédéric Gazeau, France Van Wambeke, Emilio Marañón, Maria Pérez-Lorenzo, Samir Alliouane, Christian Stolpe, Thierry Blasco, Nathalie Leblond, Birthe Zäncker, Anja Engel, Barbara Marie, Julie Dinasquet, and Cécile Guieu
Biogeosciences, 18, 5423–5446, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5423-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5423-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Our study shows that the impact of dust deposition on primary production depends on the initial composition and metabolic state of the tested community and is constrained by the amount of nutrients added, to sustain both the fast response of heterotrophic prokaryotes and the delayed one of phytoplankton. Under future environmental conditions, heterotrophic metabolism will be more impacted than primary production, therefore reducing the capacity of surface waters to sequester anthropogenic CO2.
Luca Possenti, Ingunn Skjelvan, Dariia Atamanchuk, Anders Tengberg, Matthew P. Humphreys, Socratis Loucaides, Liam Fernand, and Jan Kaiser
Ocean Sci., 17, 593–614, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-17-593-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-17-593-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A Seaglider was deployed for 8 months in the Norwegian Sea mounting an oxygen and, for the first time, a CO2 optode and a chlorophyll fluorescence sensor. The oxygen and CO2 data were used to assess the spatial and temporal variability and calculate the net community production, N(O2) and N(CT). The dataset was used to calculate net community production from inventory changes, air–sea flux, diapycnal mixing and entrainment.
Guillaume Le Gland, Sergio M. Vallina, S. Lan Smith, and Pedro Cermeño
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 1949–1985, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-1949-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-1949-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present an ecological model called SPEAD wherein various phytoplankton compete for nutrients. Phytoplankton in SPEAD are characterized by two continuously distributed traits: optimal temperature and nutrient half-saturation. Trait diversity is sustained by allowing the traits to mutate at each generation. We show that SPEAD agrees well with a more classical discrete model for only a fraction of the cost. We also identify realistic values for the mutation rates to be used in future models.
Emilio Marañón, France Van Wambeke, Julia Uitz, Emmanuel S. Boss, Céline Dimier, Julie Dinasquet, Anja Engel, Nils Haëntjens, María Pérez-Lorenzo, Vincent Taillandier, and Birthe Zäncker
Biogeosciences, 18, 1749–1767, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1749-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1749-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The concentration of chlorophyll is commonly used as an indicator of the abundance of photosynthetic plankton (phytoplankton) in lakes and oceans. Our study investigates why a deep chlorophyll maximum, located near the bottom of the upper, illuminated layer develops in the Mediterranean Sea. We find that the acclimation of cells to low light is the main mechanism involved and that this deep maximum represents also a maximum in the biomass and carbon fixation activity of phytoplankton.
Joost de Vries, Fanny Monteiro, Glen Wheeler, Alex Poulton, Jelena Godrijan, Federica Cerino, Elisa Malinverno, Gerald Langer, and Colin Brownlee
Biogeosciences, 18, 1161–1184, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1161-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1161-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Coccolithophores are important calcifying phytoplankton with an overlooked life cycle. We compile a global dataset of marine coccolithophore abundance to investigate the environmental characteristics of each life cycle phase. We find that both phases contribute to coccolithophore abundance and that their different environmental preference increases coccolithophore habitat. Accounting for the life cycle of coccolithophores is thus crucial for understanding their ecology and biogeochemical impact.
Daisy Pickup and Toby Tyrrell
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-371, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-371, 2020
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Concentrations of chemical elements dissolved in seawater differ from place to place in the surface ocean. Understanding how they change, and why, is important, for instance to understand ocean carbon storage or to understand nutrient supply for life in the ocean. We used a new global dataset to study spatial changes of numerous elements, many not studied before. We find a common pattern: an increase from low to high latitudes, because deep water rises to the surface at high latitudes.
Hannah K. Donald, Gavin L. Foster, Nico Fröhberg, George E. A. Swann, Alex J. Poulton, C. Mark Moore, and Matthew P. Humphreys
Biogeosciences, 17, 2825–2837, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2825-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2825-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The boron isotope pH proxy is increasingly being used to reconstruct ocean pH in the past. Here we detail a novel analytical methodology for measuring the boron isotopic composition (δ11B) of diatom opal and apply this to the study of the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii grown in culture over a range of pH. To our knowledge this is the first study of its kind and provides unique insights into the way in which diatoms incorporate boron and their potential as archives of palaeoclimate records.
Vanessa Joglar, Antero Prieto, Esther Barber-Lluch, Marta Hernández-Ruiz, Emilio Fernández, and Eva Teira
Biogeosciences, 17, 2807–2823, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2807-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2807-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Coastal marine ecosystems are among the most ecologically and economically productive areas providing a large fraction of ecosystem goods and services to human populations, and B vitamins have long been considered important growth factors for phytoplankton. Our findings indicate that the responses of microbial plankton to B-vitamin supply are mainly driven by the bacterial community composition and that microbial plankton in this area seems to be well adapted to cope with B-vitamin shortage.
Noelle A. Held, Eric A. Webb, Matthew M. McIlvin, David A. Hutchins, Natalie R. Cohen, Dawn M. Moran, Korinna Kunde, Maeve C. Lohan, Claire Mahaffey, E. Malcolm S. Woodward, and Mak A. Saito
Biogeosciences, 17, 2537–2551, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2537-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2537-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Trichodesmium is a globally important marine nitrogen fixer that stimulates primary production in the surface ocean. We surveyed metaproteomes of Trichodesmium populations across the North Atlantic and other oceans, and we found that they experience simultaneous phosphate and iron stress because of the biophysical limits of nutrient uptake. Importantly, nitrogenase was most abundant during co-stress, indicating the potential importance of this phenotype to global nitrogen and carbon cycling.
Antonio Tovar-Sánchez, Araceli Rodríguez-Romero, Anja Engel, Birthe Zäncker, Franck Fu, Emilio Marañón, María Pérez-Lorenzo, Matthieu Bressac, Thibaut Wagener, Sylvain Triquet, Guillaume Siour, Karine Desboeufs, and Cécile Guieu
Biogeosciences, 17, 2349–2364, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2349-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2349-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Residence times of particulate metals derived from aerosol deposition in the Sea Surface Microlayer of the Mediterranean Sea ranged from a couple of minutes (e.g., for Fe) to a few hours (e.g., for Cu). Microbial activity seems to play an important role in in this process and in the concentration and distribution of metals between diferent water layers.
Pieter Demuynck, Toby Tyrrell, Alberto Naveira Garabato, Mark Christopher Moore, and Adrian Peter Martin
Biogeosciences, 17, 2289–2314, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2289-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2289-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The availability of macronutrients N and Si is of key importance to sustain life in the Southern Ocean. N and Si are available in abundance at the southern boundary of the Southern Ocean due to constant supply from the deep ocean. In the more northern regions of the Southern Ocean, a decline in macronutrient concentration is noticed, especially strong for Si rather than N. This paper uses a simplified biogeochemical model to investigate processes responsible for this decline in concentration.
Xiangqi Yi, Fei-Xue Fu, David A. Hutchins, and Kunshan Gao
Biogeosciences, 17, 1169–1180, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1169-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1169-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Combined effects of warming and light intensity were estimated in N2-fixing cyanobacterium Trichodesmium. Its physiological responses to warming were significantly modulated by light, with growth peaking at 27 °C under the light-saturating condition but being non-responsive across the range of 23–31 °C under the light-limiting condition. Light shortage also weakened the acclimation ability of Trichodesmium to warming, making light-limited Trichodesmium more sensitive to acute temperature change.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, Pedro Cermeno, Oliver Jahn, Michael J. Follows, Anna E. Hickman, Darcy A. A. Taniguchi, and Ben A. Ward
Biogeosciences, 17, 609–634, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-609-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-609-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Phytoplankton are an essential component of the marine food web and earth's carbon cycle. We use observations, ecological theory and a unique trait-based ecosystem model to explain controls on patterns of marine phytoplankton biodiversity. We find that different dimensions of diversity (size classes, biogeochemical functional groups, thermal norms) are controlled by a disparate combination of mechanisms. This may explain why previous studies of phytoplankton diversity had conflicting results.
Thomas Holding, Ian G. Ashton, Jamie D. Shutler, Peter E. Land, Philip D. Nightingale, Andrew P. Rees, Ian Brown, Jean-Francois Piolle, Annette Kock, Hermann W. Bange, David K. Woolf, Lonneke Goddijn-Murphy, Ryan Pereira, Frederic Paul, Fanny Girard-Ardhuin, Bertrand Chapron, Gregor Rehder, Fabrice Ardhuin, and Craig J. Donlon
Ocean Sci., 15, 1707–1728, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-15-1707-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-15-1707-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
FluxEngine is an open-source software toolbox designed to allow for the easy and accurate calculation of air–sea gas fluxes. This article describes new functionality and capabilities, which include the ability to calculate fluxes for nitrous oxide and methane, optimisation for running FluxEngine on a stand-alone desktop computer, and extensive new features to support the in situ measurement community. Four research case studies are used to demonstrate these new features.
Xinwei Wang, Feixue Fu, Pingping Qu, Joshua D. Kling, Haibo Jiang, Yahui Gao, and David A. Hutchins
Biogeosciences, 16, 4393–4409, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4393-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4393-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we examine the responses of E. huxleyi to a future warmer and more thermally variable ocean. Elevated temperatures and thermal variation have negative effects on growth rate and physiology that are especially pronounced at high temperatures, but high-frequency thermal variation may reduce the risk of extreme high-temperature events. These findings have potentially large implications for ocean productivity and marine biogeochemical cycles under a future changing climate.
André Valente, Shubha Sathyendranath, Vanda Brotas, Steve Groom, Michael Grant, Malcolm Taberner, David Antoine, Robert Arnone, William M. Balch, Kathryn Barker, Ray Barlow, Simon Bélanger, Jean-François Berthon, Şükrü Beşiktepe, Yngve Borsheim, Astrid Bracher, Vittorio Brando, Elisabetta Canuti, Francisco Chavez, Andrés Cianca, Hervé Claustre, Lesley Clementson, Richard Crout, Robert Frouin, Carlos García-Soto, Stuart W. Gibb, Richard Gould, Stanford B. Hooker, Mati Kahru, Milton Kampel, Holger Klein, Susanne Kratzer, Raphael Kudela, Jesus Ledesma, Hubert Loisel, Patricia Matrai, David McKee, Brian G. Mitchell, Tiffany Moisan, Frank Muller-Karger, Leonie O'Dowd, Michael Ondrusek, Trevor Platt, Alex J. Poulton, Michel Repecaud, Thomas Schroeder, Timothy Smyth, Denise Smythe-Wright, Heidi M. Sosik, Michael Twardowski, Vincenzo Vellucci, Kenneth Voss, Jeremy Werdell, Marcel Wernand, Simon Wright, and Giuseppe Zibordi
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11, 1037–1068, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1037-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1037-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
A compiled set of in situ data is useful to evaluate the quality of ocean-colour satellite data records. Here we describe the compilation of global bio-optical in situ data (spanning from 1997 to 2018) used for the validation of the ocean-colour products from the ESA Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI). The compilation merges and harmonizes several in situ data sources into a simple format that could be used directly for the evaluation of satellite-derived ocean-colour data.
Mingxi Yang, Thomas G. Bell, Ian J. Brown, James R. Fishwick, Vassilis Kitidis, Philip D. Nightingale, Andrew P. Rees, and Timothy J. Smyth
Biogeosciences, 16, 961–978, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-961-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-961-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We quantify the emissions and uptake of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane from the coastal seas of the UK over 1 year using the state-of-the-art eddy covariance technique. Our measurements show how these air–sea fluxes vary twice a day (tidal), diurnally (circadian) and seasonally. We also estimate the air–sea gas transfer velocity, which is essential for modelling and predicting coastal air-sea exchange.
Shanying Tong, David A. Hutchins, and Kunshan Gao
Biogeosciences, 16, 561–572, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-561-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-561-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Most previous studies concerning the effects of environmental changes on marine organisms have been carried out under
photosynthetically active radiation onlyconditions, with solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) not being considered. In this study, we found that UVR can counteract the negative effects of the
greenhousetreatment on the calcification rate to photosynthesis rate ratio, and may be a key stressor when considering the impacts of future greenhouse conditions on E. huxleyi.
Jose Luis Otero-Ferrer, Pedro Cermeño, Antonio Bode, Bieito Fernández-Castro, Josep M. Gasol, Xosé Anxelu G. Morán, Emilio Marañon, Victor Moreira-Coello, Marta M. Varela, Marina Villamaña, and Beatriz Mouriño-Carballido
Biogeosciences, 15, 6199–6220, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6199-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6199-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The effect of inorganic nutrients on planktonic assemblages has been traditionally assessed by looking at concentrations rather than fluxes of nutrient supply. However, in near-steady-state systems such as subtropical gyres, nitrate concentrations are kept close to the detection limit due to phytoplankton uptake. Our results, based on direct measurements of nitrate diffusive fluxes, support the key role of nitrate supply in controlling the structure of marine picoplankton communities.
Samuel T. Wilson, Hermann W. Bange, Damian L. Arévalo-Martínez, Jonathan Barnes, Alberto V. Borges, Ian Brown, John L. Bullister, Macarena Burgos, David W. Capelle, Michael Casso, Mercedes de la Paz, Laura Farías, Lindsay Fenwick, Sara Ferrón, Gerardo Garcia, Michael Glockzin, David M. Karl, Annette Kock, Sarah Laperriere, Cliff S. Law, Cara C. Manning, Andrew Marriner, Jukka-Pekka Myllykangas, John W. Pohlman, Andrew P. Rees, Alyson E. Santoro, Philippe D. Tortell, Robert C. Upstill-Goddard, David P. Wisegarver, Gui-Ling Zhang, and Gregor Rehder
Biogeosciences, 15, 5891–5907, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5891-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5891-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
To determine the variability between independent measurements of dissolved methane and nitrous oxide, seawater samples were analyzed by multiple laboratories. The results revealed the influences of the different parts of the analytical process, from the initial sample collection to the calculation of the final concentrations. Recommendations are made to improve dissolved methane and nitrous oxide measurements to help preclude future analytical discrepancies between laboratories.
Yuanyuan Feng, Michael Y. Roleda, Evelyn Armstrong, Cliff S. Law, Philip W. Boyd, and Catriona L. Hurd
Biogeosciences, 15, 581–595, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-581-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-581-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted a series of incubation experiments to understand how the changes in five environmental drivers will affect the elemental composition of the calcifying phytoplankton species Emiliania huxleyi. These findings provide new diagnostic information to aid our understanding of how the physiology and the related marine biogeochemistry of the ecologically important species Emiliania huxleyi will respond to changes in different environmental drivers in the global climate change scenario.
Xin Lin, Ruiping Huang, Yan Li, Futian Li, Yaping Wu, David A. Hutchins, Minhan Dai, and Kunshan Gao
Biogeosciences, 15, 551–565, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-551-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-551-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We examine the effects of elevated CO2 on bacterioplankton community during a mesocosm experiment in subtropical, eutrophic coastal waters in southern China. We found that the elevated CO2 hardly altered the network structure of the bacterioplankton taxa present with high abundance but appeared to reassemble the community network of taxa with low abundance. Results suggest that the bacterioplankton community in this subtropical, high-nutrient coastal environment is insensitive to elevated CO2.
Yong Zhang, Feixue Fu, David A. Hutchins, and Kunshan Gao
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2018-11, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2018-11, 2018
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
To investigate responses of the calcifying E. huxleyi to multiple environmental factors, we investigated its growth, POC and PIC quotas and photosynthesis parameter at different levels of CO2, light, dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphate concentrations. High CO2 (HC) and low nitrogen (LN) synergistically decreased growth rates, high light compensated for inhibition of low phosphate (LP) on growth rates at LC, but exacerbated inhibition of LP at HC. LN or LP increased PIC quotas and ETRmax.
Zhi Zhu, Pingping Qu, Jasmine Gale, Feixue Fu, and David A. Hutchins
Biogeosciences, 14, 5281–5295, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5281-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5281-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This study focused on the individual and interactive effects of warming and CO2 variations on the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata and the prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis antarctica. The results showed that both optimum and maximum growth temperatures of P. subcurvata were significantly higher than those of P. antarctica. CO2 functional response curves at two temperatures showed a significant interactive effect between warming and CO2. This study can help us to predict what will happen in future.
Helen E. K. Smith, Alex J. Poulton, Rebecca Garley, Jason Hopkins, Laura C. Lubelczyk, Dave T. Drapeau, Sara Rauschenberg, Ben S. Twining, Nicholas R. Bates, and William M. Balch
Biogeosciences, 14, 4905–4925, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4905-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4905-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The Great Calcite Belt (GCB), a region of high calcite concentration from coccolithophores, covers 60 % of the Southern Ocean area. We examined the influence of temperature, macronutrients, and carbonate chemistry on the distribution of mineralizing phytoplankton in the GCB. Coccolithophores occupy a niche in the Southern Ocean after the diatom spring bloom depletes silicic acid. No single environmental variable holds a dominant influence over phytoplankton biogeography in summer GCB conditions.
Mak A. Saito, Abigail E. Noble, Nicholas Hawco, Benjamin S. Twining, Daniel C. Ohnemus, Seth G. John, Phoebe Lam, Tim M. Conway, Rod Johnson, Dawn Moran, and Matthew McIlvin
Biogeosciences, 14, 4637–4662, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4637-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4637-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Cobalt has the smallest oceanic inventory of all known inorganic micronutrients, and hence is particularly vulnerable to influence by internal oceanic processes. The stoichiometry of cobalt was studied in the North Atlantic, and interpreted with regard to the context of Redfield theory with a focus on biological uptake, scavenging, and the coupling between dissolved and particulate phases. The stoichiometry of cobalt accelerated towards the surface due to increased biological activity and use.
Xiaoni Cai, David A. Hutchins, Feixue Fu, and Kunshan Gao
Biogeosciences, 14, 4455–4466, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4455-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4455-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Trichodesmium is significant marine N2 fixer. We conducted short- and long-term UV exposure experiment to investigate how UV affects this organism. Our results showed N2 fixation and carbon fixation rates were significantly reduced under UV radiation. As a defense strategy, Trichodesmium is able to synthesize UV-absorbing compounds to protect from UV damage. Our results suggest that shipboard experiments in UV-opaque containers may have substantially overestimated in situ N2 fixation rate.
Abigail E. Noble, Daniel C. Ohnemus, Nicholas J. Hawco, Phoebe J. Lam, and Mak A. Saito
Biogeosciences, 14, 2715–2739, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2715-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2715-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This study examines sources and sinks of dissolved and labile cobalt in the North Atlantic Ocean. The North and South Atlantic are influenced differently by dust, coastal margin sources, biota, and suspended particles. Dissolved cobalt in both basins is driven by a coastal margin source, leading to large plumes emanating from the north and south African coasts. These plumes are comparable in size despite the high dust flux observed in the North Atlantic that is absent in the South Atlantic.
Rosie M. Sheward, Alex J. Poulton, Samantha J. Gibbs, Chris J. Daniels, and Paul R. Bown
Biogeosciences, 14, 1493–1509, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1493-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1493-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Our culture experiments on modern Coccolithophores find that physiology regulates shifts in the geometry of their carbonate shells (coccospheres) between growth phases. This provides a tool to access growth information in modern and past populations. Directly comparing modern species with fossil coccospheres derives a new proxy for investigating the physiology that underpins phytoplankton responses to environmental change through geological time.
Glaucia M. Fragoso, Alex J. Poulton, Igor M. Yashayaev, Erica J. H. Head, and Duncan A. Purdie
Biogeosciences, 14, 1235–1259, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1235-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1235-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This research describes a detailed analysis of current distributions of spring phytoplankton communities in the Labrador Sea based on 10 years of observations. Phytoplankton community composition varied mainly according to the contrasting hydrographical zones of the Labrador Sea. The taxonomic distinctions of these communities influenced the photosynthetic and biochemical signatures of near-surface waters, which may have a profound impact on the carbon cycle in high-latitude seas.
Virginia García-Bernal, Óscar Paz, and Pedro Cermeño
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2017-4, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2017-4, 2017
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
Marine diatoms are responsible for roughly 40 % of modern ocean primary production and contribute disproportionately to the drawdown of atmospheric carbon dioxide through the export of organic carbon into the deep sea and sediments. Over the past 40 Myr their rise to ecological prominence and consequential decline of coccolithophores is linked to the silicon to phosphorus weathering ratio, which controls the oceanic nutrient inventories and hence the competitive ability of diatoms.
Futian Li, Yaping Wu, David A. Hutchins, Feixue Fu, and Kunshan Gao
Biogeosciences, 13, 6247–6259, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-6247-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-6247-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Ongoing ocean acidification is being superimposed on the natural carbonate buffer system to influence the physiology of phytoplankton. Here, we show that coastal and oceanic diatoms respond differentially to diurnal fluctuating carbonate chemistry in current and ocean acidification scenarios. We propose that the ability to acclimate to dynamic carbonate chemistry may act as one determinant of the spatial distribution of diatom species.
Anastasia Charalampopoulou, Alex J. Poulton, Dorothee C. E. Bakker, Mike I. Lucas, Mark C. Stinchcombe, and Toby Tyrrell
Biogeosciences, 13, 5917–5935, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5917-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5917-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Coccolithophores are global calcifiers, potentially impacted by ocean acidity. Data from the Southern Ocean is scarce, though latitudinal gradients of acidity exist. We made measurements of calcification, species composition and physiochemical environment between America and the Antarctic Peninsula. Calcification and cell calcite declined to the south, though rates of coccolith production did not. Declining temperature and irradiance were more important in driving latitudinal changes than pH.
Guang Gao, Peng Jin, Nana Liu, Futian Li, Shanying Tong, David A. Hutchins, and Kunshan Gao
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2016-403, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2016-403, 2016
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
Our shipboard experiments showed high temperature and CO2 (HTHC) did not affect phytoplankton biomass at nearshore station but decreased it at offshore station. HT did not change dark respiration at nearshore station but enhanced it at offshore station. Our findings indicate that responses of coastal and offshore phytoplankton assemblages to ocean warming and acidification may be contrasting, with the pelagic phytoplankton communities being more sensitive to these two global change factors.
Xiaobo Jin, Chuanlian Liu, Alex J. Poulton, Minhan Dai, and Xianghui Guo
Biogeosciences, 13, 4843–4861, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4843-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4843-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The vertical structure of the coccolithophore community in the water column was controlled by trophic conditions, which were regulated by mesoscale eddies across the South China Sea basin. Three key species (Emiliania huxleyi, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, Florisphaera profunda) contributed roughly half of the surface ocean coccolith-calcite concentrations. E. huxleyi coccolith length is influenced by light and nutrients through the regulation of growth rates.
Fatima Abrantes, Pedro Cermeno, Cristina Lopes, Oscar Romero, Lélia Matos, Jolanda Van Iperen, Marta Rufino, and Vitor Magalhães
Biogeosciences, 13, 4099–4109, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4099-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4099-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Diatoms are the dominant primary producers of the most productive and best fishing areas of the modern ocean, the coastal upwelling systems. This turns them into important contributors to the biological pump and climate change. To help untangle their response to warming climate, we compare the worldwide diatom sedimentary abundance (SDA) to environmental variables and find that the capacity of diatoms to take up silicic acid sets an upper limit on global export production in these ocean regions.
Matthew P. Humphreys, Florence M. Greatrix, Eithne Tynan, Eric P. Achterberg, Alex M. Griffiths, Claudia H. Fry, Rebecca Garley, Alison McDonald, and Adrian J. Boyce
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 221–233, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-221-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-221-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This paper reports the stable isotope composition of dissolved inorganic carbon in seawater for a transect from west to east across the North Atlantic Ocean. The results can be used to study oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide, and also to investigate the natural biological carbon pump. We also provide stable DIC isotope results for two batches of Dickson seawater CRMs to enable intercomparisons with other studies.
André Valente, Shubha Sathyendranath, Vanda Brotas, Steve Groom, Michael Grant, Malcolm Taberner, David Antoine, Robert Arnone, William M. Balch, Kathryn Barker, Ray Barlow, Simon Bélanger, Jean-François Berthon, Şükrü Beşiktepe, Vittorio Brando, Elisabetta Canuti, Francisco Chavez, Hervé Claustre, Richard Crout, Robert Frouin, Carlos García-Soto, Stuart W. Gibb, Richard Gould, Stanford Hooker, Mati Kahru, Holger Klein, Susanne Kratzer, Hubert Loisel, David McKee, Brian G. Mitchell, Tiffany Moisan, Frank Muller-Karger, Leonie O'Dowd, Michael Ondrusek, Alex J. Poulton, Michel Repecaud, Timothy Smyth, Heidi M. Sosik, Michael Twardowski, Kenneth Voss, Jeremy Werdell, Marcel Wernand, and Giuseppe Zibordi
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 235–252, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-235-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-235-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
A compiled set of in situ data is important to evaluate the quality of ocean-colour satellite data records. Here we describe the compilation of global bio-optical in situ data (spanning from 1997 to 2012) used for the validation of the ocean-colour products from the ESA Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI). The compilation merges and harmonizes several in situ data sources into a simple format that could be used directly for the evaluation of satellite-derived ocean-colour data.
Darren R. Clark, Claire E. Widdicombe, Andrew P. Rees, and E. Malcolm S. Woodward
Biogeosciences, 13, 2873–2888, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2873-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2873-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Based in the Mauritanian upwelling system, the article describes a Lagrangian study of biogeochemical processes within a freshly upwelled body of water as it advects offshore. We report rates of primary production, nitrogen assimilation, and regeneration and describe how these processes relate to the dynamics of the upwelling regime. This system is perhaps the least studied of the four major eastern boundary upwelling systems and so these measurements provide important new insights.
S. Z. Rosengard, P. J. Lam, W. M. Balch, M. E. Auro, S. Pike, D. Drapeau, and B. Bowler
Biogeosciences, 12, 3953–3971, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3953-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3953-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The transfer of particulate organic carbon (POC) into the deep ocean is an important atmospheric carbon dioxide sink. Observations from the Southern Ocean Great Calcite Belt region show that the relationship between POC and biogenic mineral fluxes varies with depth, between the surface and 1000m below. The results suggest that the transfer of POC into the deep ocean is more closely related to phytoplankton community structure than to mineral composition alone.
C. J. Daniels, A. J. Poulton, M. Esposito, M. L. Paulsen, R. Bellerby, M. St John, and A. P. Martin
Biogeosciences, 12, 2395–2409, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2395-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2395-2015, 2015
C. J. Daniels, R. M. Sheward, and A. J. Poulton
Biogeosciences, 11, 6915–6925, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6915-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6915-2014, 2014
D. R. Clark, I. J. Brown, A. P. Rees, P. J. Somerfield, and P. I. Miller
Biogeosciences, 11, 4985–5005, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4985-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4985-2014, 2014
J. R. Young, A. J. Poulton, and T. Tyrrell
Biogeosciences, 11, 4771–4782, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4771-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4771-2014, 2014
S. Richier, E. P. Achterberg, C. Dumousseaud, A. J. Poulton, D. J. Suggett, T. Tyrrell, M. V. Zubkov, and C. M. Moore
Biogeosciences, 11, 4733–4752, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4733-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4733-2014, 2014
M. Ribas-Ribas, V. M. C. Rérolle, D. C. E. Bakker, V. Kitidis, G. A. Lee, I. Brown, E. P. Achterberg, N. J. Hardman-Mountford, and T. Tyrrell
Biogeosciences, 11, 4339–4355, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4339-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4339-2014, 2014
A. J. Poulton, M. C. Stinchcombe, E. P. Achterberg, D. C. E. Bakker, C. Dumousseaud, H. E. Lawson, G. A. Lee, S. Richier, D. J. Suggett, and J. R. Young
Biogeosciences, 11, 3919–3940, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3919-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3919-2014, 2014
Related subject area
Biogeosciences and biodiversity
A spectral–structural characterization of European temperate, hemiboreal, and boreal forests
VODCA v2: multi-sensor, multi-frequency vegetation optical depth data for long-term canopy dynamics and biomass monitoring
Crop-specific management history of phosphorus fertilizer input (CMH-P) in the croplands of the United States: reconciliation of top-down and bottom-up data sources
Enhancing long-term vegetation monitoring in Australia: a new approach for harmonising the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer normalised-difference vegetation (NVDI) with MODIS NDVI
A synthesized field survey database of vegetation and active-layer properties for the Alaskan tundra (1972–2020)
Gas exchange velocities (k600), gas exchange rates (K600), and hydraulic geometries for streams and rivers derived from the NEON Reaeration field and lab collection data product (DP1.20190.001)
TCSIF: a temporally consistent global Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2A (GOME-2A) solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence dataset with the correction of sensor degradation
Global nitrous oxide budget (1980–2020)
National forest carbon harvesting and allocation dataset for the period 2003 to 2018
Spatial mapping of key plant functional traits in terrestrial ecosystems across China
HiQ-LAI: a high-quality reprocessed MODIS leaf area index dataset with better spatiotemporal consistency from 2000 to 2022
EUPollMap: the European atlas of contemporary pollen distribution maps derived from an integrated Kriging interpolation approach
Reference maps of soil phosphorus for the pan-Amazon region
Mapping 24 woody plant species phenology and ground forest phenology over China from 1951 to 2020
Sensor-independent LAI/FPAR CDR: reconstructing a global sensor-independent climate data record of MODIS and VIIRS LAI/FPAR from 2000 to 2022
Investigating limnological processes and modern sedimentation at Lake Żabińskie, northeast Poland: a decade-long multi-variable dataset, 2012–2021
Spatiotemporally consistent global dataset of the GIMMS leaf area index (GIMMS LAI4g) from 1982 to 2020
Spatiotemporally consistent global dataset of the GIMMS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (PKU GIMMS NDVI) from 1982 to 2022
CLIM4OMICS: a geospatially comprehensive climate and multi-OMICS database for maize phenotype predictability in the United States and Canada
Quantifying exchangeable base cations in permafrost: a reserve of nutrients about to thaw
Routine monitoring of western Lake Erie to track water quality changes associated with cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms
The Portuguese Large Wildfire Spread database (PT-FireSprd)
Thirty-meter map of young forest age in China
GRiMeDB: the Global River Methane Database of concentrations and fluxes
A gridded dataset of a leaf-age-dependent leaf area index seasonality product over tropical and subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests
Fire weather index data under historical and shared socioeconomic pathway projections in the 6th phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project from 1850 to 2100
A remote-sensing-based dataset to characterize the ecosystem functioning and functional diversity in the Biosphere Reserve of the Sierra Nevada (southeastern Spain)
A global long-term, high-resolution satellite radar backscatter data record (1992–2022+): merging C-band ERS/ASCAT and Ku-band QSCAT
A global database on holdover time of lightning-ignited wildfires
National CO2 budgets (2015–2020) inferred from atmospheric CO2 observations in support of the global stocktake
Mammals in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone's Red Forest: a motion-activated camera trap study
Maps with 1 km resolution reveal increases in above- and belowground forest biomass carbon pools in China over the past 20 years
AnisoVeg: anisotropy and nadir-normalized MODIS multi-angle implementation atmospheric correction (MAIAC) datasets for satellite vegetation studies in South America
TiP-Leaf: a dataset of leaf traits across vegetation types on the Tibetan Plateau
Forest structure and individual tree inventories of northeastern Siberia along climatic gradients
Global climate-related predictors at kilometer resolution for the past and future
A daily and 500 m coupled evapotranspiration and gross primary production product across China during 2000–2020
Global land surface 250 m 8 d fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR) product from 2000 to 2021
Rates and timing of chlorophyll-a increases and related environmental variables in global temperate and cold-temperate lakes
Harmonized gap-filled datasets from 20 urban flux tower sites
Holocene spatiotemporal millet agricultural patterns in northern China: a dataset of archaeobotanical macroremains
The biogeography of relative abundance of soil fungi versus bacteria in surface topsoil
Airborne SnowSAR data at X and Ku bands over boreal forest, alpine and tundra snow cover
The Landscape Fire Scars Database: mapping historical burned area and fire severity in Chile
Aridec: an open database of litter mass loss from aridlands worldwide with recommendations on suitable model applications
LegacyPollen 1.0: a taxonomically harmonized global late Quaternary pollen dataset of 2831 records with standardized chronologies
Individual tree point clouds and tree measurements from multi-platform laser scanning in German forests
A 30 m annual maize phenology dataset from 1985 to 2020 in China
Optical and biogeochemical properties of diverse Belgian inland and coastal waters
Comparing national greenhouse gas budgets reported in UNFCCC inventories against atmospheric inversions
Miina Rautiainen, Aarne Hovi, Daniel Schraik, Jan Hanuš, Petr Lukeš, Zuzana Lhotáková, and Lucie Homolová
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 5069–5087, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5069-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5069-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Radiative transfer models play a key role in monitoring vegetation using remote sensing data such as satellite or airborne images. The development of these models has been hindered by a lack of comprehensive ground reference data on structural and spectral characteristics of forests. Here, we reported datasets on the structural and spectral properties of temperate, hemiboreal, and boreal European forest stands. We anticipate that these data will have wide use in remote sensing applications.
Ruxandra-Maria Zotta, Leander Moesinger, Robin van der Schalie, Mariette Vreugdenhil, Wolfgang Preimesberger, Thomas Frederikse, Richard de Jeu, and Wouter Dorigo
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4573–4617, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4573-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4573-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
VODCA v2 is a dataset providing vegetation indicators for long-term ecosystem monitoring. VODCA v2 comprises two products: VODCA CXKu, spanning 34 years of observations (1987–2021), suitable for monitoring upper canopy dynamics, and VODCA L (2010–2021), for above-ground biomass monitoring. VODCA v2 has lower noise levels than the previous product version and provides valuable insights into plant water dynamics and biomass changes, even in areas where optical data are limited.
Peiyu Cao, Bo Yi, Franco Bilotto, Carlos Gonzalez Fischer, Mario Herrero, and Chaoqun Lu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4557–4572, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4557-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4557-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This article presents a spatially explicit time series dataset reconstructing crop-specific phosphorus fertilizer application rates, timing, and methods at a 4 km × 4 km resolution in the United States from 1850 to 2022. We comprehensively characterized the spatio-temporal dynamics of P fertilizer management over the last 170 years by considering cross-crop variations. This dataset will greatly contribute to the field of agricultural sustainability assessment and Earth system modeling.
Chad A. Burton, Sami W. Rifai, Luigi J. Renzullo, and Albert I. J. M. Van Dijk
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4389–4416, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4389-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4389-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding vegetation response to environmental change requires accurate, long-term data on vegetation condition (VC). We evaluated existing satellite VC datasets over Australia and found them lacking, so we developed a new VC dataset for Australia, AusENDVI. It can be used for studying Australia's changing vegetation dynamics and downstream impacts on the carbon and water cycles, and it provides a reliable foundation for further research into the drivers of vegetation change.
Xiaoran Zhu, Dong Chen, Maruko Kogure, Elizabeth Hoy, Logan T. Berner, Amy L. Breen, Abhishek Chatterjee, Scott J. Davidson, Gerald V. Frost, Teresa N. Hollingsworth, Go Iwahana, Randi R. Jandt, Anja N. Kade, Tatiana V. Loboda, Matt J. Macander, Michelle Mack, Charles E. Miller, Eric A. Miller, Susan M. Natali, Martha K. Raynolds, Adrian V. Rocha, Shiro Tsuyuzaki, Craig E. Tweedie, Donald A. Walker, Mathew Williams, Xin Xu, Yingtong Zhang, Nancy French, and Scott Goetz
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3687–3703, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3687-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3687-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Arctic tundra is experiencing widespread physical and biological changes, largely in response to warming, yet scientific understanding of tundra ecology and change remains limited due to relatively limited accessibility and studies compared to other terrestrial biomes. To support synthesis research and inform future studies, we created the Synthesized Alaskan Tundra Field Dataset (SATFiD), which brings together field datasets and includes vegetation, active-layer, and fire properties.
Kelly S. Aho, Kaelin Cawley, Robert Hensley, Robert O. Hall Jr., Walter Dodds, and Keli Goodman
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-330, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-330, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
In streams, gas exchange is fundamental to many biogeochemical processes. Gas exchange depends on the degree of saturation and the gas transfer velocity (k). Currently, k is harder to measure than concentration. NEON conducts tracer-gas experiments at 22 streams. Here, we present our processing pipeline to estimate k from these experiments. This dataset (n = 339) represents the largest compilation of standardized k estimates available and captures substantial within- and across-site variability.
Chu Zou, Shanshan Du, Xinjie Liu, and Liangyun Liu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2789–2809, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2789-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2789-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
To obtain a temporally consistent satellite solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence
(SIF) product (TCSIF), we corrected for time degradation of GOME-2A using a pseudo-invariant method. After the correction, the global SIF grew by 0.70 % per year from 2007 to 2021, and 62.91 % of vegetated regions underwent an increase in SIF. The dataset is a promising tool for monitoring global vegetation variation and will advance our understanding of vegetation's photosynthetic activities at a global scale.
(SIF) product (TCSIF), we corrected for time degradation of GOME-2A using a pseudo-invariant method. After the correction, the global SIF grew by 0.70 % per year from 2007 to 2021, and 62.91 % of vegetated regions underwent an increase in SIF. The dataset is a promising tool for monitoring global vegetation variation and will advance our understanding of vegetation's photosynthetic activities at a global scale.
Hanqin Tian, Naiqing Pan, Rona L. Thompson, Josep G. Canadell, Parvadha Suntharalingam, Pierre Regnier, Eric A. Davidson, Michael Prather, Philippe Ciais, Marilena Muntean, Shufen Pan, Wilfried Winiwarter, Sönke Zaehle, Feng Zhou, Robert B. Jackson, Hermann W. Bange, Sarah Berthet, Zihao Bian, Daniele Bianchi, Alexander F. Bouwman, Erik T. Buitenhuis, Geoffrey Dutton, Minpeng Hu, Akihiko Ito, Atul K. Jain, Aurich Jeltsch-Thömmes, Fortunat Joos, Sian Kou-Giesbrecht, Paul B. Krummel, Xin Lan, Angela Landolfi, Ronny Lauerwald, Ya Li, Chaoqun Lu, Taylor Maavara, Manfredi Manizza, Dylan B. Millet, Jens Mühle, Prabir K. Patra, Glen P. Peters, Xiaoyu Qin, Peter Raymond, Laure Resplandy, Judith A. Rosentreter, Hao Shi, Qing Sun, Daniele Tonina, Francesco N. Tubiello, Guido R. van der Werf, Nicolas Vuichard, Junjie Wang, Kelley C. Wells, Luke M. Western, Chris Wilson, Jia Yang, Yuanzhi Yao, Yongfa You, and Qing Zhu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2543–2604, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2543-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2543-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric concentrations of nitrous oxide (N2O), a greenhouse gas 273 times more potent than carbon dioxide, have increased by 25 % since the preindustrial period, with the highest observed growth rate in 2020 and 2021. This rapid growth rate has primarily been due to a 40 % increase in anthropogenic emissions since 1980. Observed atmospheric N2O concentrations in recent years have exceeded the worst-case climate scenario, underscoring the importance of reducing anthropogenic N2O emissions.
Daju Wang, Peiyang Ren, Xiaosheng Xia, Lei Fan, Zhangcai Qin, Xiuzhi Chen, and Wenping Yuan
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2465–2481, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2465-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2465-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study generated a high-precision dataset, locating forest harvested carbon and quantifying post-harvest wood emissions for various uses. It enhances our understanding of forest harvesting and post-harvest carbon dynamics in China, providing essential data for estimating the forest ecosystem carbon budget and emphasizing wood utilization's impact on carbon emissions.
Nannan An, Nan Lu, Weiliang Chen, Yongzhe Chen, Hao Shi, Fuzhong Wu, and Bojie Fu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1771–1810, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1771-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1771-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study generated a spatially continuous plant functional trait dataset (~1 km) in China in combination with field observations, environmental variables and vegetation indices using machine learning methods. Results showed that wood density, leaf P concentration and specific leaf area showed good accuracy with an average R2 of higher than 0.45. This dataset could provide data support for development of Earth system models to predict vegetation distribution and ecosystem functions.
Kai Yan, Jingrui Wang, Rui Peng, Kai Yang, Xiuzhi Chen, Gaofei Yin, Jinwei Dong, Marie Weiss, Jiabin Pu, and Ranga B. Myneni
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1601–1622, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1601-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1601-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Variations in observational conditions have led to poor spatiotemporal consistency in leaf area index (LAI) time series. Using prior knowledge, we leveraged high-quality observations and spatiotemporal correlation to reprocess MODIS LAI, thereby generating HiQ-LAI, a product that exhibits fewer abnormal fluctuations in time series. Reprocessing was done on Google Earth Engine, providing users with convenient access to this value-added data and facilitating large-scale research and applications.
Fabio Oriani, Gregoire Mariethoz, and Manuel Chevalier
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 731–742, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-731-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-731-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Modern and fossil pollen data contain precious information for reconstructing the climate and environment of the past. However, these data are only achieved for single locations with no continuity in space. We present here a systematic atlas of 194 digital maps containing the spatial estimation of contemporary pollen presence over Europe. This dataset constitutes a free and ready-to-use tool to study climate, biodiversity, and environment in time and space.
João Paulo Darela-Filho, Anja Rammig, Katrin Fleischer, Tatiana Reichert, Laynara Figueiredo Lugli, Carlos Alberto Quesada, Luis Carlos Colocho Hurtarte, Mateus Dantas de Paula, and David M. Lapola
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 715–729, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-715-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-715-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Phosphorus (P) is crucial for plant growth, and scientists have created models to study how it interacts with carbon cycle in ecosystems. To apply these models, it is important to know the distribution of phosphorus in soil. In this study we estimated the distribution of phosphorus in the Amazon region. The results showed a clear gradient of soil development and P content. These maps can help improve ecosystem models and generate new hypotheses about phosphorus availability in the Amazon.
Mengyao Zhu, Junhu Dai, Huanjiong Wang, Juha M. Alatalo, Wei Liu, Yulong Hao, and Quansheng Ge
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 277–293, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-277-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-277-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study utilized 24,552 in situ phenology observation records from the Chinese Phenology Observation Network to model and map 24 woody plant species phenology and ground forest phenology over China from 1951 to 2020. These phenology maps are the first gridded, independent and reliable phenology data sources for China, offering a high spatial resolution of 0.1° and an average deviation of about 10 days. It contributes to more comprehensive research on plant phenology and climate change.
Jiabin Pu, Kai Yan, Samapriya Roy, Zaichun Zhu, Miina Rautiainen, Yuri Knyazikhin, and Ranga B. Myneni
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 15–34, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-15-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-15-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term global LAI/FPAR products provide the fundamental dataset for accessing vegetation dynamics and studying climate change. This study develops a sensor-independent LAI/FPAR climate data record based on the integration of Terra-MODIS/Aqua-MODIS/VIIRS LAI/FPAR standard products and applies advanced gap-filling techniques. The SI LAI/FPAR CDR provides a valuable resource for researchers studying vegetation dynamics and their relationship to climate change in the 21st century.
Wojciech Tylmann, Alicja Bonk, Dariusz Borowiak, Paulina Głowacka, Kamil Nowiński, Joanna Piłczyńska, Agnieszka Szczerba, and Maurycy Żarczyński
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 5093–5103, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5093-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5093-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a dataset from the decade-long monitoring of Lake Żabińskie, a hardwater and eutrophic lake in northeast Poland. The lake contains varved sediments, which form a unique archive of past environmental variability. The monitoring program was designed to capture a pattern of relationships between meteorological conditions, limnological processes, and modern sedimentation and to verify if meteorological and limnological phenomena can be precisely tracked with varves.
Sen Cao, Muyi Li, Zaichun Zhu, Zhe Wang, Junjun Zha, Weiqing Zhao, Zeyu Duanmu, Jiana Chen, Yaoyao Zheng, Yue Chen, Ranga B. Myneni, and Shilong Piao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 4877–4899, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4877-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4877-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The long-term global leaf area index (LAI) products are critical for characterizing vegetation dynamics under environmental changes. This study presents an updated GIMMS LAI product (GIMMS LAI4g; 1982−2020) based on PKU GIMMS NDVI and massive Landsat LAI samples. With higher accuracy than other LAI products, GIMMS LAI4g removes the effects of orbital drift and sensor degradation in AVHRR data. It has better temporal consistency before and after 2000 and a more reasonable global vegetation trend.
Muyi Li, Sen Cao, Zaichun Zhu, Zhe Wang, Ranga B. Myneni, and Shilong Piao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 4181–4203, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4181-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4181-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term global Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) products support the understanding of changes in vegetation under environmental changes. This study generates a consistent global NDVI product (PKU GIMMS NDVI) from 1982–2022 that eliminates the issue of orbital drift and sensor degradation in Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data. More accurate than its predecessor (GIMMS NDVI3g), it shows high temporal consistency with MODIS NDVI in describing vegetation trends.
Parisa Sarzaeim, Francisco Muñoz-Arriola, Diego Jarquin, Hasnat Aslam, and Natalia De Leon Gatti
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3963–3990, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3963-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3963-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A genomic, phenomic, and climate database for maize phenotype predictability in the US and Canada is introduced. The database encompasses climate from multiple sources and OMICS from the Genomes to Fields initiative (G2F) data from 2014 to 2021, including codes for input data quality and consistency controls. Earth system modelers and breeders can use CLIM4OMICS since it interconnects the climate and biological system sciences. CLIM4OMICS is designed to foster phenotype predictability.
Elisabeth Mauclet, Maëlle Villani, Arthur Monhonval, Catherine Hirst, Edward A. G. Schuur, and Sophie Opfergelt
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3891–3904, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3891-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3891-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost ecosystems are limited in nutrients for vegetation development and constrain the biological activity to the active layer. Upon Arctic warming, permafrost degradation exposes organic and mineral soil material that may directly influence the capacity of the soil to retain key nutrients for vegetation growth and development. Here, we demonstrate that the average total exchangeable nutrient density (Ca, K, Mg, and Na) is more than 2 times higher in the permafrost than in the active layer.
Anna G. Boegehold, Ashley M. Burtner, Andrew C. Camilleri, Glenn Carter, Paul DenUyl, David Fanslow, Deanna Fyffe Semenyuk, Casey M. Godwin, Duane Gossiaux, Thomas H. Johengen, Holly Kelchner, Christine Kitchens, Lacey A. Mason, Kelly McCabe, Danna Palladino, Dack Stuart, Henry Vanderploeg, and Reagan Errera
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3853–3868, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3853-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3853-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Western Lake Erie suffers from cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (HABs) despite decades of international management efforts. In response, the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) and the Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research (CIGLR) created an annual sampling program to detect, monitor, assess, and predict HABs. Here we describe the data collected from this monitoring program from 2012 to 2021.
Akli Benali, Nuno Guiomar, Hugo Gonçalves, Bernardo Mota, Fábio Silva, Paulo M. Fernandes, Carlos Mota, Alexandre Penha, João Santos, José M. C. Pereira, and Ana C. L. Sá
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3791–3818, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3791-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3791-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We reconstructed the spread of 80 large wildfires that burned recently in Portugal and calculated metrics that describe how wildfires behave, such as rate of spread, growth rate, and energy released. We describe the fire behaviour distribution using six percentile intervals that can be easily communicated to both research and management communities. The database will help improve our current knowledge on wildfire behaviour and support better decision making.
Yuelong Xiao, Qunming Wang, Xiaohua Tong, and Peter M. Atkinson
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3365–3386, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3365-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3365-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Forest age is closely related to forest production, carbon cycles, and other ecosystem services. Existing stand age products in China derived from remote-sensing images are of a coarse spatial resolution and are not suitable for applications at the regional scale. Here, we mapped young forest ages across China at an unprecedented fine spatial resolution of 30 m. The overall accuracy (OA) of the generated map of young forest stand ages across China was 90.28 %.
Emily H. Stanley, Luke C. Loken, Nora J. Casson, Samantha K. Oliver, Ryan A. Sponseller, Marcus B. Wallin, Liwei Zhang, and Gerard Rocher-Ros
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2879–2926, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2879-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2879-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Global River Methane Database (GRiMeDB) presents CH4 concentrations and fluxes for flowing waters and concurrent measures of CO2, N2O, and several physicochemical variables, plus information about sample locations and methods used to measure gas fluxes. GRiMeDB is intended to increase opportunities to understand variation in fluvial CH4, test hypotheses related to greenhouse gas dynamics, and reduce uncertainty in future estimates of gas emissions from world streams and rivers.
Xueqin Yang, Xiuzhi Chen, Jiashun Ren, Wenping Yuan, Liyang Liu, Juxiu Liu, Dexiang Chen, Yihua Xiao, Qinghai Song, Yanjun Du, Shengbiao Wu, Lei Fan, Xiaoai Dai, Yunpeng Wang, and Yongxian Su
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2601–2622, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2601-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2601-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We developed the first time-mapped, continental-scale gridded dataset of monthly leaf area index (LAI) in three leaf age cohorts (i.e., young, mature, and old) from 2001–2018 data (referred to as Lad-LAI). The seasonality of three LAI cohorts from the new Lad-LAI product agrees well at eight sites with very fine-scale collections of monthly LAI. The proposed satellite-based approaches can provide references for mapping finer spatiotemporal-resolution LAI products with different leaf age cohorts.
Yann Quilcaille, Fulden Batibeniz, Andreia F. S. Ribeiro, Ryan S. Padrón, and Sonia I. Seneviratne
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2153–2177, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2153-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2153-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a new database of four annual fire weather indicators over 1850–2100 and over all land areas. In a 3°C warmer world with respect to preindustrial times, the mean fire weather would increase on average by at least 66% in both intensity and duration and even triple for 1-in-10-year events. The dataset is a freely available resource for fire danger studies and beyond, highlighting that the best course of action would require limiting global warming as much as possible.
Beatriz P. Cazorla, Javier Cabello, Andrés Reyes, Emilio Guirado, Julio Peñas, Antonio J. Pérez-Luque, and Domingo Alcaraz-Segura
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1871–1887, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1871-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1871-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This dataset provides scientists, environmental managers, and the public in general with valuable information on the first characterization of ecosystem functional diversity based on primary production developed in the Sierra Nevada (Spain), a biodiversity hotspot in the Mediterranean basin and an exceptional natural laboratory for ecological research within the Long-Term Social-Ecological Research (LTSER) network.
Shengli Tao, Zurui Ao, Jean-Pierre Wigneron, Sassan Saatchi, Philippe Ciais, Jérôme Chave, Thuy Le Toan, Pierre-Louis Frison, Xiaomei Hu, Chi Chen, Lei Fan, Mengjia Wang, Jiangling Zhu, Xia Zhao, Xiaojun Li, Xiangzhuo Liu, Yanjun Su, Tianyu Hu, Qinghua Guo, Zhiheng Wang, Zhiyao Tang, Yi Y. Liu, and Jingyun Fang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1577–1596, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1577-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1577-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We provide the first long-term (since 1992), high-resolution (8.9 km) satellite radar backscatter data set (LHScat) with a C-band (5.3 GHz) signal dynamic for global lands. LHScat was created by fusing signals from ERS (1992–2001; C-band), QSCAT (1999–2009; Ku-band), and ASCAT (since 2007; C-band). LHScat has been validated against independent ERS-2 signals. It could be used in a variety of studies, such as vegetation monitoring and hydrological modelling.
Jose V. Moris, Pedro Álvarez-Álvarez, Marco Conedera, Annalie Dorph, Thomas D. Hessilt, Hugh G. P. Hunt, Renata Libonati, Lucas S. Menezes, Mortimer M. Müller, Francisco J. Pérez-Invernón, Gianni B. Pezzatti, Nicolau Pineda, Rebecca C. Scholten, Sander Veraverbeke, B. Mike Wotton, and Davide Ascoli
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1151–1163, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1151-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1151-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This work describes a database on holdover times of lightning-ignited wildfires (LIWs). Holdover time is defined as the time between lightning-induced fire ignition and fire detection. The database contains 42 datasets built with data on more than 152 375 LIWs from 13 countries in five continents from 1921 to 2020. This database is the first freely-available, harmonized and ready-to-use global source of holdover time data, which may be used to investigate LIWs and model the holdover phenomenon.
Brendan Byrne, David F. Baker, Sourish Basu, Michael Bertolacci, Kevin W. Bowman, Dustin Carroll, Abhishek Chatterjee, Frédéric Chevallier, Philippe Ciais, Noel Cressie, David Crisp, Sean Crowell, Feng Deng, Zhu Deng, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Manvendra K. Dubey, Sha Feng, Omaira E. García, David W. T. Griffith, Benedikt Herkommer, Lei Hu, Andrew R. Jacobson, Rajesh Janardanan, Sujong Jeong, Matthew S. Johnson, Dylan B. A. Jones, Rigel Kivi, Junjie Liu, Zhiqiang Liu, Shamil Maksyutov, John B. Miller, Scot M. Miller, Isamu Morino, Justus Notholt, Tomohiro Oda, Christopher W. O'Dell, Young-Suk Oh, Hirofumi Ohyama, Prabir K. Patra, Hélène Peiro, Christof Petri, Sajeev Philip, David F. Pollard, Benjamin Poulter, Marine Remaud, Andrew Schuh, Mahesh K. Sha, Kei Shiomi, Kimberly Strong, Colm Sweeney, Yao Té, Hanqin Tian, Voltaire A. Velazco, Mihalis Vrekoussis, Thorsten Warneke, John R. Worden, Debra Wunch, Yuanzhi Yao, Jeongmin Yun, Andrew Zammit-Mangion, and Ning Zeng
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 963–1004, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-963-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-963-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Changes in the carbon stocks of terrestrial ecosystems result in emissions and removals of CO2. These can be driven by anthropogenic activities (e.g., deforestation), natural processes (e.g., fires) or in response to rising CO2 (e.g., CO2 fertilization). This paper describes a dataset of CO2 emissions and removals derived from atmospheric CO2 observations. This pilot dataset informs current capabilities and future developments towards top-down monitoring and verification systems.
Nicholas A. Beresford, Sergii Gashchak, Michael D. Wood, and Catherine L. Barnett
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 911–920, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-911-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-911-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Camera traps were established in a highly contaminated area of the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ) to capture images of mammals. Over 1 year, 14 mammal species were recorded. The number of species observed did not vary with estimated radiation exposure. The data will be of value from the perspectives of effects of radiation on wildlife and also rewilding in this large, abandoned area. They may also have value in future studies investigating impacts of recent Russian military action in the CEZ.
Yongzhe Chen, Xiaoming Feng, Bojie Fu, Haozhi Ma, Constantin M. Zohner, Thomas W. Crowther, Yuanyuan Huang, Xutong Wu, and Fangli Wei
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 897–910, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-897-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-897-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study presented a long-term (2002–2021) above- and belowground biomass dataset for woody vegetation in China at 1 km resolution. It was produced by combining various types of remote sensing observations with adequate plot measurements. Over 2002–2021, China’s woody biomass increased at a high rate, especially in the central and southern parts. This dataset can be applied to evaluate forest carbon sinks across China and the efficiency of ecological restoration programs in China.
Ricardo Dalagnol, Lênio Soares Galvão, Fabien Hubert Wagner, Yhasmin Mendes de Moura, Nathan Gonçalves, Yujie Wang, Alexei Lyapustin, Yan Yang, Sassan Saatchi, and Luiz Eduardo Oliveira Cruz Aragão
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 345–358, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-345-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-345-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The AnisoVeg dataset brings 22 years of monthly satellite data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor for South America at 1 km resolution aimed at vegetation applications. It has nadir-normalized data, which is the most traditional approach to correct satellite data but also unique anisotropy data with strong biophysical meaning, explaining 55 % of Amazon forest height. We expect this dataset to help large-scale estimates of vegetation biomass and carbon.
Yili Jin, Haoyan Wang, Jie Xia, Jian Ni, Kai Li, Ying Hou, Jing Hu, Linfeng Wei, Kai Wu, Haojun Xia, and Borui Zhou
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 25–39, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-25-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-25-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The TiP-Leaf dataset was compiled from direct field measurements and included 11 leaf traits from 468 species of 1692 individuals, covering a great proportion of species and vegetation types on the highest plateau in the world. This work is the first plant trait dataset that represents all of the alpine vegetation on the TP, which is not only an update of the Chinese plant trait database, but also a great contribution to the global trait database.
Timon Miesner, Ulrike Herzschuh, Luidmila A. Pestryakova, Mareike Wieczorek, Evgenii S. Zakharov, Alexei I. Kolmogorov, Paraskovya V. Davydova, and Stefan Kruse
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5695–5716, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5695-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5695-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present data which were collected on expeditions to the northeast of the Russian Federation. One table describes the 226 locations we visited during those expeditions, and the other describes 40 289 trees which we recorded at these locations. We found out that important information on the forest cannot be predicted precisely from satellites. Thus, for anyone interested in distant forests, it is important to go to there and take measurements or use data (as presented here).
Philipp Brun, Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Chantal Hari, Loïc Pellissier, and Dirk Nikolaus Karger
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5573–5603, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5573-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5573-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Using mechanistic downscaling, we developed CHELSA-BIOCLIM+, a set of 15 biologically relevant, climate-related variables at unprecedented resolution, as a basis for environmental analyses. It includes monthly time series for 38+ years and 30-year averages for three future periods and three emission scenarios. Estimates matched well with station measurements, but few biases existed. The data allow for detailed assessments of climate-change impact on ecosystems and their services to societies.
Shaoyang He, Yongqiang Zhang, Ning Ma, Jing Tian, Dongdong Kong, and Changming Liu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5463–5488, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5463-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5463-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study developed a daily, 500 m evapotranspiration and gross primary production product (PML-V2(China)) using a locally calibrated water–carbon coupled model, PML-V2, which was well calibrated against observations at 26 flux sites across nine land cover types. PML-V2 (China) performs satisfactorily in the plot- and basin-scale evaluations compared with other mainstream products. It improved intra-annual ET and GPP dynamics, particularly in the cropland ecosystem.
Han Ma, Shunlin Liang, Changhao Xiong, Qian Wang, Aolin Jia, and Bing Li
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5333–5347, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5333-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5333-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR) is one of the essential climate variables. This study generated a global land surface FAPAR product with a 250 m resolution based on a deep learning model that takes advantage of the existing FAPAR products and MODIS time series of observation information. Direct validation and intercomparison revealed that our product better meets user requirements and has a greater spatiotemporal continuity than other existing products.
Hannah Adams, Jane Ye, Bhaleka D. Persaud, Stephanie Slowinski, Homa Kheyrollah Pour, and Philippe Van Cappellen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5139–5156, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5139-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5139-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Climate warming and land-use changes are altering the environmental factors that control the algal
productivityin lakes. To predict how environmental factors like nutrient concentrations, ice cover, and water temperature will continue to influence lake productivity in this changing climate, we created a dataset of chlorophyll-a concentrations (a compound found in algae), associated water quality parameters, and solar radiation that can be used to for a wide range of research questions.
Mathew Lipson, Sue Grimmond, Martin Best, Winston T. L. Chow, Andreas Christen, Nektarios Chrysoulakis, Andrew Coutts, Ben Crawford, Stevan Earl, Jonathan Evans, Krzysztof Fortuniak, Bert G. Heusinkveld, Je-Woo Hong, Jinkyu Hong, Leena Järvi, Sungsoo Jo, Yeon-Hee Kim, Simone Kotthaus, Keunmin Lee, Valéry Masson, Joseph P. McFadden, Oliver Michels, Wlodzimierz Pawlak, Matthias Roth, Hirofumi Sugawara, Nigel Tapper, Erik Velasco, and Helen Claire Ward
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5157–5178, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5157-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5157-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We describe a new openly accessible collection of atmospheric observations from 20 cities around the world, capturing 50 site years. The observations capture local meteorology (temperature, humidity, wind, etc.) and the energy fluxes between the land and atmosphere (e.g. radiation and sensible and latent heat fluxes). These observations can be used to improve our understanding of urban climate processes and to test the accuracy of urban climate models.
Keyang He, Houyuan Lu, Jianping Zhang, and Can Wang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4777–4791, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4777-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4777-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Here we presented the first quantitative spatiotemporal cropping patterns spanning the Neolithic and Bronze ages in northern China. Temporally, millet agriculture underwent a dramatic transition from low-yield broomcorn to high-yield foxtail millet around 6000 cal. a BP under the influence of climate and population. Spatially, millet agriculture spread westward and northward from the mid-lower Yellow River (MLY) to the agro-pastoral ecotone (APE) around 6000 cal. a BP and diversified afterwards.
Kailiang Yu, Johan van den Hoogen, Zhiqiang Wang, Colin Averill, Devin Routh, Gabriel Reuben Smith, Rebecca E. Drenovsky, Kate M. Scow, Fei Mo, Mark P. Waldrop, Yuanhe Yang, Weize Tang, Franciska T. De Vries, Richard D. Bardgett, Peter Manning, Felipe Bastida, Sara G. Baer, Elizabeth M. Bach, Carlos García, Qingkui Wang, Linna Ma, Baodong Chen, Xianjing He, Sven Teurlincx, Amber Heijboer, James A. Bradley, and Thomas W. Crowther
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4339–4350, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4339-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4339-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We used a global-scale dataset for the surface topsoil (>3000 distinct observations of abundance of soil fungi versus bacteria) to generate the first quantitative map of soil fungal proportion across terrestrial ecosystems. We reveal striking latitudinal trends. Fungi dominated in regions with low mean annual temperature (MAT) and net primary productivity (NPP) and bacteria dominated in regions with high MAT and NPP.
Juha Lemmetyinen, Juval Cohen, Anna Kontu, Juho Vehviläinen, Henna-Reetta Hannula, Ioanna Merkouriadi, Stefan Scheiblauer, Helmut Rott, Thomas Nagler, Elisabeth Ripper, Kelly Elder, Hans-Peter Marshall, Reinhard Fromm, Marc Adams, Chris Derksen, Joshua King, Adriano Meta, Alex Coccia, Nick Rutter, Melody Sandells, Giovanni Macelloni, Emanuele Santi, Marion Leduc-Leballeur, Richard Essery, Cecile Menard, and Michael Kern
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 3915–3945, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3915-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3915-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The manuscript describes airborne, dual-polarised X and Ku band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data collected over several campaigns over snow-covered terrain in Finland, Austria and Canada. Colocated snow and meteorological observations are also presented. The data are meant for science users interested in investigating X/Ku band radar signatures from natural environments in winter conditions.
Alejandro Miranda, Rayén Mentler, Ítalo Moletto-Lobos, Gabriela Alfaro, Leonardo Aliaga, Dana Balbontín, Maximiliano Barraza, Susanne Baumbach, Patricio Calderón, Fernando Cárdenas, Iván Castillo, Gonzalo Contreras, Felipe de la Barra, Mauricio Galleguillos, Mauro E. González, Carlos Hormazábal, Antonio Lara, Ian Mancilla, Francisca Muñoz, Cristian Oyarce, Francisca Pantoja, Rocío Ramírez, and Vicente Urrutia
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 3599–3613, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3599-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3599-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Achieving a local understanding of fire regimes requires high-resolution, systematic and dynamic data. High-quality information can help to transform evidence into decision-making. Taking advantage of big-data and remote sensing technics we developed a flexible workflow to reconstruct burned area and fire severity data for more than 8000 individual fires in Chile. The framework developed for the database can be applied anywhere in the world with minimal adaptation.
Agustín Sarquis, Ignacio Andrés Siebenhart, Amy Theresa Austin, and Carlos A. Sierra
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 3471–3488, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3471-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3471-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Plant litter breakdown in aridlands is driven by processes different from those in more humid ecosystems. A better understanding of these processes will allow us to make better predictions of future carbon cycling. We have compiled aridec, a database of plant litter decomposition studies in aridlands and tested some modeling applications for potential users. Aridec is open for use and collaboration, and we hope it will help answer newer and more important questions as the database develops.
Ulrike Herzschuh, Chenzhi Li, Thomas Böhmer, Alexander K. Postl, Birgit Heim, Andrei A. Andreev, Xianyong Cao, Mareike Wieczorek, and Jian Ni
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 3213–3227, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3213-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3213-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Pollen preserved in environmental archives such as lake sediments and bogs are extensively used for reconstructions of past vegetation and climate. Here we present LegacyPollen 1.0, a dataset of 2831 fossil pollen records from all over the globe that were collected from publicly available databases. We harmonized the names of the pollen taxa so that all datasets can be jointly investigated. LegacyPollen 1.0 is available as an open-access dataset.
Hannah Weiser, Jannika Schäfer, Lukas Winiwarter, Nina Krašovec, Fabian E. Fassnacht, and Bernhard Höfle
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 2989–3012, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2989-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2989-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
3D point clouds, acquired by laser scanning, allow us to retrieve information about forest structure and individual tree properties. We conducted airborne, UAV-borne and terrestrial laser scanning in German mixed forests, resulting in overlapping point clouds with different characteristics. From these, we generated a comprehensive database of individual tree point clouds and corresponding tree metrics. Our dataset may serve as a benchmark dataset for algorithms in forestry research.
Quandi Niu, Xuecao Li, Jianxi Huang, Hai Huang, Xianda Huang, Wei Su, and Wenping Yuan
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 2851–2864, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2851-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2851-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper we generated the first national maize phenology product with a fine spatial resolution (30 m) and a long temporal span (1985–2020) in China, using Landsat images. The derived phenological indicators agree with in situ observations and provide more spatial details than moderate resolution phenology products. The extracted maize phenology dataset can support precise yield estimation and deepen our understanding of the response of agroecosystem to global warming in the future.
Alexandre Castagna, Luz Amadei Martínez, Margarita Bogorad, Ilse Daveloose, Renaat Dasseville, Heidi Melita Dierssen, Matthew Beck, Jonas Mortelmans, Héloïse Lavigne, Ana Dogliotti, David Doxaran, Kevin Ruddick, Wim Vyverman, and Koen Sabbe
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 2697–2719, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2697-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2697-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Here we describe a dataset of optical measurements paired with the concentration and composition of dissolved and particulate components of water systems in Belgium. Sampling was performed over eight lakes, a coastal lagoon, an estuary, and coastal waters, covering the period of 2017 to 2019. The data cover a broad range of conditions and can be useful for development and evaluation of hyperspectral methods in hydrology optics and remote sensing.
Zhu Deng, Philippe Ciais, Zitely A. Tzompa-Sosa, Marielle Saunois, Chunjing Qiu, Chang Tan, Taochun Sun, Piyu Ke, Yanan Cui, Katsumasa Tanaka, Xin Lin, Rona L. Thompson, Hanqin Tian, Yuanzhi Yao, Yuanyuan Huang, Ronny Lauerwald, Atul K. Jain, Xiaoming Xu, Ana Bastos, Stephen Sitch, Paul I. Palmer, Thomas Lauvaux, Alexandre d'Aspremont, Clément Giron, Antoine Benoit, Benjamin Poulter, Jinfeng Chang, Ana Maria Roxana Petrescu, Steven J. Davis, Zhu Liu, Giacomo Grassi, Clément Albergel, Francesco N. Tubiello, Lucia Perugini, Wouter Peters, and Frédéric Chevallier
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 1639–1675, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1639-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1639-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In support of the global stocktake of the Paris Agreement on climate change, we proposed a method for reconciling the results of global atmospheric inversions with data from UNFCCC national greenhouse gas inventories (NGHGIs). Here, based on a new global harmonized database that we compiled from the UNFCCC NGHGIs and a comprehensive framework presented in this study to process the results of inversions, we compared their results of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O).
Cited articles
Archer, D. E.: An atlas of the distribution of calcium carbonate in sediments of the deepsea, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 10, 159–174, 1996.
Bach, L. T., Riebesell, U., Gutowska, M. A., Federwisch, L., and Schulz, K. G.: A unifying concept of coccolithophore sensitivity to changing carbonate chemistry embedded in an ecological framework, Prog. Oceanogr., 135, 125–138, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2015.04.012, 2015.
Balch, W. M.: The ecology, biogeochemistry and optical properties of coccolithophores, Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci., 10, 71–78, 2018.
Balch, W. M. and Kilpatrick, K.: Calcification rates in the Equatorial Pacific along 140°W, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 43, 971–993, https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0645(96)00032-X, 1996.
Balch, W. M., Holligan, P. M., and Kilpatrick, K. A.: Calcification, photosynthesis and growth of the bloom-forming coccolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi, Cont. Shelf Res., 12, 1353–1374, https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4343(92)90059-s, 1992.
Balch, W. M., Kilpatrick, K., Holligan, P. M., Harbour, D., and Fernandez, E.: The 1991 coccolithophore bloom in the central North Atlantic: 2. Relating optics to coccolith concentration, Limnol. Oceanogr. 41, 1684–1696, 1996.
Balch, W. M., Drapeau, D. T., Cucci, T. L., Vaillancourt, R. D., Kilpatrick, K. A., and Fritz, J. J.: Optical backscattering by calcifying algae – Separating the contribution by particulate inorganic and organic carbon fractions, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 1541–1558, 1999.
Balch, W. M., Drapeau, D. T., and Fritz, J. J.: Monsoonal forcing of calcification in the Arabian Sea, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 47, 1301–1337, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(99)00145-9, 2000.
Balch, W. M., Drapeau, D. T., Bowler, B. C., Booth, E. S., Goes, J. I., Ashe, A., and Frye, J. M.: A multi-year record of hydrographic and bio-optical properties in the Gulf of Maine: I. Spatial and temporal variability, Prog. Oceanogr., 63, 57–98, https://doi.org/10.106/j.pocean.2004.09.003, 2004.
Balch, W. M., Gordon, H. R., Bowler, C., Drapeau, D. T., and Booth, E. S.: Calcium carbonate measurements in the surface gloal ocean based on Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer data, J. Geophys. Res., 110, C07001, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JC002560, 2005.
Balch, W. M., Drapeau, D., Bowler, B., and Booth, E.: Prediction of pelagic calcification rates using satellite measurements, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 54, 478–495, https://doi.org/10.106/j.dsr2.2006.12.006, 2007.
Balch, W. M., Drapeau, D. T., Bowler, B. C., Booth, E. S., Windecker, L. A., and Ashe, A.: Space-time variability of carbon standing stocks and fixation rates in the Gulf of Maine, along the GNATS transect between Portland, ME, USA and Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada, J. Plankton Res., 30, 119–139, https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbm097, 2008.
Balch, W. M., Poulton, A. J., Drapeau, D., Bowler, B., Windecker, L., and Booth, E.: Zonal and meridional patterns of phytoplankton biomas and carbon fixation in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean, between 110°W and 140°W, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II., 58, 400–416, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.08.004, 2011.
Balch, W. M., Drapeau, D. T., Bowler, B. C., and Huntington, T. G.: Step-changes in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the Gulf of Maine, as documented by the GNATS time series, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 450, 11–35, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09555, 2012.
Balch, W. M., Bowler, B. C., Lubelczyk, L. C., and Stevens Jr., M. W.: Aerial extent, composition, bio-optics and biogeochemistry of a massive under-ice algal bloom in the Arctic, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 105, 42–58, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.04.001, 2014.
Balch, W. M., Bates, N. R., Lam, P. J., Twining, B. S., Rosengard, S. Z., Bowler, B. C., Drapeau, D. T., Garley, R., Lubelczyk, L. C., Mitchell, C., and Rauschenberg, S.: Factors regulating the Great Calcite Belt in the Southern Ocean and its biogeochemical significance, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 30, 1124–1144, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GB005414, 2016.
Balch, W. M., Bowler, B. C., Drapeau, D. T., Lubelczyk, L. C., and Lyczkowski, E.: Vertical distributions of coccolithophores, PIC, POC, biogenic Silica, and chlorophyll a throughout the global ocean, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 32, 1–16, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GB005614, 2018.
Barber, R. T. and Hilting, A.: History of the study of plankton productivity, in: Phytoplankton productivity, carbon assimilation in marine and freshwater ecosystems, edited by: Williams, P. K. B., Thomas, D. N., and Reynolds, C. S., Blackwell Science, 16–43, 2002.
Behrenfeld, M. J. and Falkowski, P. G.: Photosynthetic rates derived from satellite-based chlorophyll concentration, Limnol. Oceanogr., 42, 1–20, 1997.
Berelson, W. M., Balch, W. M., Najjar, R., Feely, R. A., Sabine, C., and Lee, K.: Relating estimates of CaCO3 production, export, and dissolution in the water column to measurements of CaCO3 rain into sediment traps and dissolution on the sea floor: A revised global carbonate budget, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 21, GB1024, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GB002803, 2007.
Boyd, P. W., Strzepek, R., Fu, F., and Hutchins, D. A.: Environmental control of open-ocean phytoplankton groups: Now and in the future, Limnol. Oceanogr., 55, 1353–1376, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2010.55.3.1353, 2010.
Burridge, A. K., Goetze, E., Wall-Palmer, D., Le Double, S. L., Huisman, J., and Peignenburg, K. T. C. A.: Diversity and abundance of pteropods and heteropods along a latitudinal gradient across the Atlantic Ocean, Prog. Oceanogr., 158, 213–233, 2017.
Charalampopoulou, A., Poulton, A. J., Tyrrell, T., and Lucas, M. I.: Irradiance and pH affect coccolithophore community composition on a transect between the North Sea and the Arctic Ocean, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 431, 25–43, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09140, 2011.
Charalampopoulou, A., Poulton, A. J., Bakker, D. C. E., Lucas, M. I., Stinchcombe, M. C., and Tyrrell, T.: Environmental drivers of coccolithophore abundance and calcification across Drake Passage (Southern Ocean), Biogeosciences, 13, 5917–5935, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5917-2016, 2016.
Daniels, C. J., Sheward, R. M., and Poulton, A. J.: Biogeochemical implications of comparative growth rates of Emiliania huxleyi and Coccolithus species, Biogeosciences, 11, 6915–6925, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6915-2014, 2014.
Daniels, C. J., Poulton, A. J., Young, J. R., Esposito, M., Humphreys, M. P., Ribas-Ribas, M., Tynan, E., and Tyrrell, T.: Species-specific calcite production reveals Coccolithus pelagicus as the key calcifier in the Arctic Ocean, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 555, 29–47, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11820, 2016.
Evans, D., Wade, B. S., Henehan, M., Erez, J., and Müller, W.: Revisiting carbonate chemistry controls on planktic foraminifera Mg∕Ca: implications for sea surface temperature and hydrology shifts over the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum and Eocene–Oligocene transition, Clim. Past, 12, 819–835, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-819-2016, 2016.
Falkowski, P. G. and Raven, J. A.: Aquatic Photosynthesis, Princeton University Press, 1st Edn., 1997.
Feng, Y., Hare, C. E., Leblanc, K., Rose, J. M., Zhang, Y., DiTullio, G. R., Lee, P., Wilhelm, S., Rowe, J. M., and Sun, J.: The effects of increased pCO2 and temperature on the North Atlantic spring bloom: I. The phytoplankton communtiy and biogeochemical response, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 388, 13–25, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08133, 2009.
Fernandez, E., Boyd, P., Holligan, P. M., and Harbour, D. S.: Production of organic and inorganic carbon within a large-scale coccolithophore bloom in the northeast Atlantic Ocean, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 97, 271–285, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps097271, 1993.
Fernandez, E., Marañón, E., Harbour, D. S., Kristiansen, S., and Heimdal, B.: Patterns of carbon and nitrogen uptake during blooms of Emiliania huxleyi in two Norwegian fjords, J. Plankton Res., 18, 2349–2366, 1996.
Field, C. B., Behrenfeld, M. J., Randerson, J. T., and Falkowski, P.: Primary production of the Biosphere: Integrating terrestrial and oceanic components, Science, 281, 237–240, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.281.5374.237, 1998.
Freeman, N. M. and Lovenduski, N. S.: Decreased calcification in the Southern Ocean over the satellite record, Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, 1834–1840, https://doi.org/10.102/2014GL062769, 2015.
Gehlen, M., Gangstø, R., Schneider, B., Bopp, L., Aumont, O., and Ethe, C.: The fate of pelagic CaCO3 production in a high CO2 ocean: a model study, Biogeosciences, 4, 505–519, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-4-505-2007, 2007.
Henson, S. A., Sanders, R., and Madsen, E.: Global patterns in the efficiency of particulate organic carbon export and transport to the deep ocean, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 26, GB2023, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GB004099, 2012.
Holligan, P. M., Charalampopoulou, A., and Hutson, R.: Seasonal distributions of the coccolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi, and of particulate inorganic carbon in surface waters of the Scotia Sea, J. Mar. Syst., 82, 195–205, 2010.
Hopkins, J. and Balch, W. M.: A new approach to estimating coccolithophore calcification rates from space, J. Geophys. Res., 123, GB1028, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG004235, 2018.
Hopkins, J., Henson, S. A., Painter, S. C., Tyrrell, T., and Poulton, A. J.: Phenological characteritics of global coccolithophore blooms, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 29, 239–253, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GB004919, 2015.
Kirk, J. T. O.: Light and photosynthesis in aquatic ecosystems, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1994.
Knap, A. H., Michaels, A., Close, A. R., Ducklow, H., and Dickson, A. G.: Protocols for the Joint Global Oean Flux Study (JGOFS) core measurements, JGOFS Report Nr. 19, IOC Manuals and Guides No. 29, UNESCO, 170, 1996.
Krumhardt, K. M., Lovenduski, N. S., Iglesias-Rodriguez, M. D., and Kleypas, J. A.: Coccolithophore growth and calcification in a changing ocean, Prog. Oceanogr., 159, 276–295, 2017.
Lam, P. J., Tortell, P. D., and Morell, F. M. M.: Differential effects of iron additions on organic and inorganic carbon production by phytoplanton, Limnol. Oceanogr., 46, 1199–1202, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2001.46.5.1199, 2001.
Landry, M. R., Selph, K. E., Taylor, A. G., Décima, M., Balch, W. M., and Bidigare, R. R.: Phytoplankton growth, grazing and production balances in the HNLC equatorial Pacific, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 58, 524–535, 2011.
Limpert, E., Stahel, W. A., and Abbt, M.: Log-normal distribtuions across the sciences: Keys and Clues: On the charms of statistics, and how mechanical models resembling gambling machines offer a link to a handy way to characterize log-normal distributions, which can provide deeper insights into variability and probability – normal or log-normal: That is the question, Bioscience, 51, 341–352, https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0341:LNDATS]2.0.CO;2, 2001.
Linschooten, C., van Bleijswijk, J. D. L., Van Emburg, P. R., de Vrind, J. P. M., Kempers, E. S., Westbroek, P., and de Vrind-de Jong, E. W.: Role of the light-dark cycle and medium composition on the production of coccoliths by Emiliania huxleyi (haptophyceae), J. Phycol., 27, 82–76, 1991.
Lipsen, M., Crawford, D., Gower, J., and Harrison, P.: Spatial and temporal variability in coccolithophore abundance and production of PIC and POC in the north-east subarctic Pacific during El Nino (1998), La Nina (1999) and 2000, Prog. Oceanogr., 75, 304–325, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2007.08.004, 2007.
Mantyla, A. W., Venrick, E. L., and Hayward, T. L.: Primary production and chlorophyll relationships, derived from ten years of CalCOFl measurements, CalCOFl Rep., 36, 159–166, 1995.
Marañón, E. and Gonzalez, N.: Primary production, calcification and macromolecular synthesis in a bloom of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi in the North Sea, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 157, 61–77, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps157061, 1997.
Marañón, E., Balch, W. M., Cermeño, P., González, N., Sobrino, C., Fernández, A., Huete-Ortega, M., López-Sandoval, D. C., Delgado, M., Estrada, M., Álvarez, M., Fernández-Guallart, E., and Pelejero, C.: Coccolithophore calcification is independent of carbonate chemistry in the tropical ocean, Limnol. Oceanogr., 61, 1345–1357, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10295, 2016.
Marchetti, A., Sherry, N. D., Juneau, P., Strzepek, R. F., and Harrison, P. J.: Phytoplankon processes during a mesoscale iron enrichment in the northeast Pacific: Part III. Primary productivity, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 53, 2131–2151, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2006.05.032, 2006.
Marra, J.: Approaches to the measurement of plankton production, in: Phytoplankton productivity: carbon assimilation in marine and freshwater ecosystems, edited by: Williams, P. K. le B., Thomas, D. N., and Reynolds, C. S., Blackwell Science, 78–108, 2002.
Mayers, K. M. J., Poulton, A. J., Daniels, C. J., Wells, S. R., Woodward, E. M. S., Tarran, G. A., Widdicombe, C. E., Mayor, D. J., Atkinson, A., and Giering, S. L. C.: Growth and mortality dynamics of coccolithophores during spring in a temperate Shelf Sea (Celtic Sea, April 2016), Prog. Oceanogr., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2018.02.024, in press, 2018.
Meier, K. J. S., Young, J. R., Kirsch, M., and Feist-Burkhardt, S.: Evolution of different life-cycle strategies in oceanic calcareous dinoflagellates, Eur. J. Phycol., 42, 81–89, https://doi.org/10.1080/09670260600937833, 2007.
Merz-Preiß, M.: Calcification in cyanobacteria, in: Microbial Sediments, edited by: Riding, R. E. and Awramik, S. M., Spring, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2000.
Milliman, J. D.: Production and accumulation of calcium carbonate in the ocean: Budget of a non-steady state, Global Bigeochem. Cy., 7, 927–957, 1993.
Monteiro, F. M., Bach, L. T., Brownlee, C., Brown, P., Rickaby, R. E. M., Poulton, A. J., Tyrrell, T., Beaufort, L., Dutkiewicz, S., Gibbs, S., Gutowska, M. A., Lee, R., Riebesell, U., Young, J. R., and Ridgwell, A.: Why marine phytoplankton calcify, Science Advances, 2, e1501822, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501822, 2016.
Müller, M. N., Trull, T. W., and Hallegraeff, G. M.: Differing responses of three Southern Ocean Emiliania huxleyi ecotypes to changing seawater carbonate chemistry, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 531, 81–90, 2015.
O'Brien, C. J., Peloquin, J. A., Vogt, M., Heinle, M., Gruber, N., Ajani, P., Andruleit, H., Arístegui, J., Beaufort, L., Estrada, M., Karentz, D., Kopczynska, E., Lee, R., Poulton, A. J., Pritchard, T., and Widdicombe, C.: Global marine plankton functional type biomass distributions: coccolithophores, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 5, 259–276, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-259-2013, 2013.
O'Brien, C. J., Vogt, M., and Gruber, N.: Global coccolithophore diversity: Drivers and future chane, Prog. Oceanogr., 140, 27–42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2015.10.003, 2016.
Paasche, E.: Coccolith formation, Nature, 193, 1094–1095, https://doi.org/10.1038/1931094b0, 1962.
Paasche, E.: The adaptation of the carbon-14 method for the measurement of coccolith production in Coccolithus huxleyi, Physiol. Plantarum, 16, 186–200, 1963.
Paasche, E.: Adjustment to light and dark rates of coccolith formation, Physiol. Plantarum, 19, 271–278, 1966.
Paasche, E.: A review of the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi (Prymnesiophyceae), with particular reference to growth, coccolith formation, and calcification-photosynthesis interactions, Phycologia, 40, 503–529, 2002.
Paasche, E. and Brubak, S.: Enhanced calcification in the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi (Haptophyceae) under phosphorus limitation, Phycologia, 33, 324–330, https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-33-5-324.1, 1994.
Poulton, A. J., Sanders, R., Holligan, P. M., Stinchcombe, M. C., Adey, T. R., Brown, L., and Chamberlain, K.: Phytoplankton mineralization in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Ocean, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 20, GB4002, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GB002712, 2006.
Poulton, A. J., Adey, T. R., Balch, W. M., and Holligan, P. M.: Relating coccolithophore calcification rates to phytoplankton community dynamics: Regional differences and implications for carbon export, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 54, 538–557, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2006.12.003, 2007.
Poulton, A. J., Charalampopoulou, A., Young, J. R., Tarran, G. A., Lucas, M. I., and Quartly, G. D.: Coccolithophore dynamics in non-bloom conditions during late summer in the central Iceland Basin (July–August, 2007), Limnol. Oceanogr., 55, 1601–1613, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2010.55.4.1601, 2010.
Poulton, A. J., Young, J. R., Bates, N. R., and Balch, W. M.: Biometry of detached Emiliania huxleyi coccoliths along the Patagonian Shelf, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 443, 1–17, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09445, 2011.
Poulton, A. J., Painter, S. C., Young, J. R., Bates, N. R., Bowler, B., Draeapeau, D., Lyczsckowski, E., and Balch, W. M.: The 2008 Emiliania huxleyi bloom along the Patagonian Shelf: Ecology, biogeochemistry, and cellular calcification, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 27, 1023–1033, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GB004641, 2013.
Poulton, A. J., Stinchcombe, M. C., Achterberg, E. P., Bakker, D. C. E., Dumousseaud, C., Lawson, H. E., Lee, G. A., Richier, S., Suggett, D. J., and Young, J. R.: Coccolithophores on the north-west European shelf: calcification rates and environmental controls, Biogeosciences, 11, 3919–3940, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3919-2014, 2014.
Poulton, A. J., Holligan, P. M., Charalampopoulou, A., and Adey, T. R.: Coccolithophore ecology in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Ocean: New perpectives from the Atlantic Meridional Transect (AMT) programme, Prog. Oceanogr., 158, 150–170, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2017.01.003, 2017.
Poulton, A. J., Daniels, C. J., Balch, W. M., Marañón, E., Adey, T., Bowler, B. C., Cermeño, P., Charalampopoulou, A., Crawford, D. W., Drapeau, D. T., Feng, Y., Fernández, A., Fernández, E., Fragoso, G. M., González, N., Graziano, L. M., Heslop, R., Holligan, P. M., Hopkins, J., Huete-Ortega, M., Hutchins, D. A., Lam, P. J., Lipsen, M. S., López-Sandoval, D. C., Loucaides, S., Marchetti, A., Mayers, K. M. J., Rees, A. P., Sobrino, C., Tynan, E., and Tyrrell, T.: Global compilation of coccolithophore calcification measurements from unpeturbed water samples. PANNGAEA, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.888182, 2018.
Raven, J. A. and Crawfurd, K.: Environmental controls on coccolithophore calcification, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 470, 137–166, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09993, 2012.
Rees, A. P., Woodward, E. M. S., Robinson, C., Cummings, D. G., Tarran, G. A., and Joint, I.: Size-fractionated nitrogen uptake and carbon fixation during a developing coccolithophore bloom in the North Sea during June, 1999, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 49, 2905–2927, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00063-2, 2002.
Sarmiento, J. L., Dunne, J., Gnanadesikan, A., Key, R. M., Matsumoto, K., and Slater, R.: A new estimate of the CaCO3 to organic carbon export ratio, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 16, 1107, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GB001919, 2002.
Schiebel, R.: Planktic foraminiferal sedimentation and the marine calcite budget, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 16, 1065, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001GB001459, 2002.
Schiebel, R. and Movellan, A.: First-order estimate of the planktic foraminifer biomass in the modern ocean, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 4, 75–89, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-4-75-2012, 2012.
Smith, V. S. and Mackenzie, F. T.: The role of CaCO3 reactions in the contemporary oceanic CO2 cycle, Aquat. Geochem., 22, 153–175, 2016.
Taylor, A. R., Brownlee, C., and Wheeler, G.: Coccolithophore cell biology: Chalking up progress, Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci., 9, 283–310, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-122414-034032, 2016.
Van der Wal, P., Kempers, R. S., and Veldhuis, M. J. W.: Production and downward flux of organic matter and calcite in a North Sea bloom of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 126, 247–265, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps126247, 1995.
Yool, A., Popova, E. E., and Anderson, T. R.: MEDUSA-2.0: an intermediate complexity biogeochemical model of the marine carbon cycle for climate change and ocean acidification studies, Geosci. Model Dev., 6, 1767–1811, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-1767-2013, 2013.
Young, J. R. and Ziveri, P.: Calculation of coccolith volume and its use in calibration of carbonate flux estimates, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 47, 1679–1700, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(00)00003-5, 2000.
Young, J. R., Davis, S. A., Bown, P. R., and Mann, S.: Coccolith ultrastructure and biomineralisation, J. Structural Biol., 126, 195–215, 1999.
Young, J. R., Geisen, M., Cross, L., Kleijne, A., Sprengel, C., Probert, I., and Ostergaard, J.: A guide to extant coccolithophore taxonomy, J. Nannoplank. Res., 1, 1–132, 2003.
Zondervan, I.: The effects of light, macronutrients, trace metals and CO2 on the production of calcium carbonate and organic carbon in coccolthophores – A review, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 54, 521–537, 2007.
Short summary
Calcifying marine algae (coccolithophores) are key to oceanic biogeochemical processes, such as calcium carbonate production and export. We compile a global database of calcium carbonate production from field samples (n = 2756), alongside primary production rates and coccolithophore abundance. Basic statistical analysis highlights global distribution, average surface and integrated rates, patterns with depth and the importance of considering cell-normalised rates as a simple physiological index.
Calcifying marine algae (coccolithophores) are key to oceanic biogeochemical processes, such as...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint