Articles | Volume 6, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-6-117-2014
© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-6-117-2014
© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
25 Mar 2014
The IRHUM (Isotopic Reconstruction of Human Migration) database – bioavailable strontium isotope ratios for geochemical fingerprinting in France
M. Willmes
The Australian National University, Research School of Earth Sciences, Canberra 0200, ACT, Australia
L. McMorrow
The Australian National University, Research School of Earth Sciences, Canberra 0200, ACT, Australia
L. Kinsley
The Australian National University, Research School of Earth Sciences, Canberra 0200, ACT, Australia
R. Armstrong
The Australian National University, Research School of Earth Sciences, Canberra 0200, ACT, Australia
M. Aubert
now at: University of Wollongong, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Archaeological Science, Wollongong 2522, NSW, Australia
The Australian National University, Research School of Earth Sciences, Canberra 0200, ACT, Australia
S. Eggins
The Australian National University, Research School of Earth Sciences, Canberra 0200, ACT, Australia
C. Falguères
Département de Préhistoire, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR7194 du CNRS, Paris, France
B. Maureille
University of Bordeaux, CNRS, MCC, PACEA UMR5199, 33400, Talence, France
I. Moffat
Flinders University, Department of Archaeology, Adelaide, 5000, SA, Australia
The Australian National University, Research School of Earth Sciences, Canberra 0200, ACT, Australia
R. Grün
The Australian National University, Research School of Earth Sciences, Canberra 0200, ACT, Australia
Related authors
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Ian Moffat, Rachel Rudd, Malte Willmes, Graham Mortimer, Les Kinsley, Linda McMorrow, Richard Armstrong, Maxime Aubert, and Rainer Grün
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 3641–3652, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3641-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3641-2020, 2020
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This research has measured the bioavailable strontium isotope composition of soil and rock samples from the major geological units in Israel. Plants, animals and people take up this value into their bones and teeth via food and water and so mapping these values has important implications for understanding where archaeological, ecological, food science and forensic samples are from.
C. J. Hollis, B. R. Hines, K. Littler, V. Villasante-Marcos, D. K. Kulhanek, C. P. Strong, J. C. Zachos, S. M. Eggins, L. Northcote, and A. Phillips
Clim. Past, 11, 1009–1025, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1009-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1009-2015, 2015
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Re-examination of a Deep Sea Drilling Project sediment core (DSDP Site 277) from the western Campbell Plateau has identified the initial phase of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) within nannofossil chalk, the first record of the PETM in an oceanic setting in the southern Pacific Ocean (paleolatitude of ~65°S). Geochemical proxies indicate that intermediate and surface waters warmed by ~6° at the onset of the PETM prior to the full development of the negative δ13C excursion.
J. P. D'Olivo, M. T. McCulloch, S. M. Eggins, and J. Trotter
Biogeosciences, 12, 1223–1236, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1223-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1223-2015, 2015
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The boron isotope composition in the skeleton of massive Porites corals from the central Great Barrier Reef is used to reconstruct the seawater pH over the 1940-2009 period. The long-term decline in the coral-reconstructed seawater pH is in close agreement with estimates based on the CO2 uptake by surface waters due to rising atmospheric levels. We also observed a significant relationship between terrestrial runoff data and the inshore coral boron isotopes records.
Related subject area
Geology and geochemistry
The China Active Faults Database (CAFD) and its web system
A regolith lead isoscape of Australia
A field-based thickness measurement dataset of fallout pyroclastic deposits in the peri-volcanic areas of Campania region (Italy): Statistical combination of different predictions for spatial thickness estimation
High-resolution digital outcrop model of the faults, fractures, and stratigraphy of the Agardhfjellet Formation cap rock shales at Konusdalen West, central Spitsbergen
Integration by design: Driving mineral system knowledge using multi modal, collocated, scale-consistent characterization
High-resolution digital elevation models and orthomosaics generated from historical aerial photographs (since the 1960s) of the Bale Mountains in Ethiopia
A global zircon U–Th–Pb geochronological database
Subsurface geological and geophysical data from the Po Plain and the northern Adriatic Sea (north Italy)
The secret life of garnets: a comprehensive, standardized dataset of garnet geochemical analyses integrating localities and petrogenesis
HR-GLDD: a globally distributed dataset using generalized deep learning (DL) for rapid landslide mapping on high-resolution (HR) satellite imagery
IESDB – the Iberian Evaporite Structure Database
Spectral Library of European Pegmatites, Pegmatite Minerals and Pegmatite Host-Rocks – the GREENPEG project database
The ITAlian rainfall-induced LandslIdes CAtalogue, an extensive and accurate spatio-temporal catalogue of rainfall-induced landslides in Italy
Digital soil mapping of lithium in Australia
A multi-dimensional dataset of Ordovician to Silurian graptolite specimens for virtual examination, global correlation, and shale gas exploration
A strontium isoscape of northern Australia
Valgarður: a database of the petrophysical, mineralogical, and chemical properties of Icelandic rocks
A geodatabase of historical landslide events occurring in the highly urbanized volcanic area of Campi Flegrei, Italy
Pan-Arctic soil element bioavailability estimations
Geomorphological landslide inventory map of the Daunia Apennines, southern Italy
A novel specimen-based mid-Paleozoic dataset of antiarch placoderms (the most basal jawed vertebrates)
A database of radiogenic Sr–Nd isotopes at the “three poles”
MOdern River archivEs of Particulate Organic Carbon: MOREPOC
The Active Faults of Eurasia Database (AFEAD): the ontology and design behind the continental-scale dataset
A strontium isoscape of inland southeastern Australia
A new digital lithological map of Italy at the 1:100 000 scale for geomechanical modelling
Retrogressive thaw slumps along the Qinghai–Tibet Engineering Corridor: a comprehensive inventory and their distribution characteristics
OCTOPUS database (v.2)
A national landslide inventory for Denmark
A new local meteoric water line for Inuvik (NT, Canada)
Description of a global marine particulate organic carbon-13 isotope data set
Introducing GloRiSe – a global database on river sediment composition
CASCADE – The Circum-Arctic Sediment CArbon DatabasE
Synoptic analysis of a decade of daily measurements of SO2 emission in the troposphere from volcanoes of the global ground-based Network for Observation of Volcanic and Atmospheric Change
A European map of groundwater pH and calcium
Bioavailable soil and rock strontium isotope data from Israel
Isoscape of amount-weighted annual mean precipitation tritium (3H) activity from 1976 to 2017 for the Adriatic–Pannonian region – AP3H_v1 database
The dead line for oil and gas and implication for fossil resource prediction
TephraKam: geochemical database of glass compositions in tephra and welded tuffs from the Kamchatka volcanic arc (northwestern Pacific)
Global whole-rock geochemical database compilation
Gridded maps of geological methane emissions and their isotopic signature
OCTOPUS: an open cosmogenic isotope and luminescence database
Data on geochemical and hydraulic properties of a characteristic confined/unconfined aquifer system of the younger Pleistocene in northeast Germany
Xiyan Wu, Xiwei Xu, Guihua Yu, Junjie Ren, Xiaoping Yang, Guihua Chen, Chong Xu, Keping Du, Xiongnan Huang, Haibo Yang, Kang Li, and Haijian Hao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3391–3417, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3391-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3391-2024, 2024
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This study presents a national-scale database (1:4000 000) of active faults in China and its adjacent regions in tandem with an associated web-based query system. This database integrates regional-scale studies and surveys conducted over the past 2 decades (at reference scales from 1:250 000 to 1:50 000). Our system hosts this nation-scale database accessible through a Web Geographic Information System (GIS) application.
Candan U. Desem, Patrice de Caritat, Jon Woodhead, Roland Maas, and Graham Carr
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1383–1393, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1383-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1383-2024, 2024
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Lead (Pb) isotopes form a potent tracer in studies of provenance, mineral exploration and environmental remediation. Previously, however, Pb isotope analysis has rarely been deployed at a continental scale. Here we present a new regolith Pb isotope dataset for Australia, which includes 1119 large catchments encompassing 5.6 × 106 km2 or close to ~75 % of the continent. Isoscape maps have been produced for use in diverse fields of study.
Pooria Ebrahimi, Fabio Matano, Vincenzo Amato, Raffaele Mattera, and Germana Scepi
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-44, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-44, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
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Fallout pyroclastic deposits cover hillslopes after explosive volcanic eruptions and strongly influence landscape evolution, hydrology, erosion, and slope stability processes. Accurate mapping the thickness spatial variations of these fallout pyroclastic deposits over large hillslope areas remains a knowledge gap. We attempt to bridge this gap by applying statistical techniques on a field-based thickness measurement dataset for making representative predictions.
Peter Betlem, Thomas Birchall, Gareth Lord, Simon Oldfield, Lise Nakken, Kei Ogata, and Kim Senger
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 985–1006, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-985-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-985-2024, 2024
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We present the digitalisation (i.e. textured outcrop and terrain models) of the Agardhfjellet Fm. cliffs exposed in Konusdalen West, Svalbard, which forms the seal of a carbon capture site in Longyearbyen, where several boreholes cover the exposed interval. Outcrop data feature centimetre-scale accuracies and a maximum resolution of 8 mm and have been correlated with the boreholes through structural–stratigraphic annotations that form the basis of various numerical modelling scenarios.
James Austin, Michael Gazley, Renee Birchall, Ben Patterson, Jessica Stromberg, Morgan Willams, Andreas Björk, Monica Le Gras, Tina Shelton, Courteney Dhnaram, Vladimir Lisitsin, Tobias Schlegel, Helen McFarlane, and John Walshe
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-464, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-464, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
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Cloncurry METAL aims to shift the “Big Data” paradigm in mineral system science by developing a quantitative, fully integrated, multi-modal, scale-consistent methodology for system characterisation. The data comprises collocated petrophysical-mineralogical-geochemical-structural-metasomatic characterisation of 23 deposits from a highly complex mineral system. This approach allows translation of mineral system processes into physics, providing a framework for smarter geophysics-based exploration.
Mohammed Ahmed Muhammed, Binyam Tesfaw Hailu, Georg Miehe, Luise Wraase, Thomas Nauss, and Dirk Zeuss
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 5535–5552, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5535-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5535-2023, 2023
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We processed the only available and oldest historical aerial photographs for the Bale Mountains, Ethiopia. We used structure-from-motion multi-view stereo photogrammetry to generate the first high-resolution DEMs and orthomosaics for 1967 and 1984 at larger spatial extents (5730 km2) and at high spatial resolutions (0.84 m and 0.98 m, respectively). Our datasets will help the scientific community address questions related to the Bale Mountains and afro-alpine ecosystems.
Yujing Wu, Xianjun Fang, and Jianqing Ji
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 5171–5181, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5171-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5171-2023, 2023
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We introduce a zircon U‒Th‒Pb chronological database of the global continental crust. This database provides comprehensive research materials for Earth system science in deep time and space due to its large amount of data (~2 million records), long time span (4.4 billion years), global sampling range, comprehensive zircon samples, and various dating instruments.
Michele Livani, Lorenzo Petracchini, Christoforos Benetatos, Francesco Marzano, Andrea Billi, Eugenio Carminati, Carlo Doglioni, Patrizio Petricca, Roberta Maffucci, Giulia Codegone, Vera Rocca, Francesca Verga, and Ilaria Antoncecchi
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 4261–4293, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4261-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4261-2023, 2023
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This paper presents subsurface geological and geophysical data from the Po Plain and the northern Adriatic Sea (north Italy). We collected and digitized data from 160 deep wells (including geophysical logs), 61 geological cross-sections, and 10 isobath maps. Furthermore, after a data accuracy analysis, we generated a simplified 3D geological model with several gridded surfaces separating units with different lithological properties. All data are available in delimited text files in ASCII format.
Kristen Chiama, Morgan Gabor, Isabella Lupini, Randolph Rutledge, Julia Ann Nord, Shuang Zhang, Asmaa Boujibar, Emma S. Bullock, Michael J. Walter, Kerstin Lehnert, Frank Spear, Shaunna M. Morrison, and Robert M. Hazen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 4235–4259, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4235-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4235-2023, 2023
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We compiled 95 650 garnet sample analyses from a variety of sources, ranging from large data repositories to peer-reviewed literature. Garnets are commonly used as indicators of geological formation environments and are an ideal subject for the creation of an extensive dataset incorporating composition, localities, formation, age, temperature, pressure, and geochemistry. This dataset is available in the Evolutionary System of Mineralogy Database and paves the way for future geochemical studies.
Sansar Raj Meena, Lorenzo Nava, Kushanav Bhuyan, Silvia Puliero, Lucas Pedrosa Soares, Helen Cristina Dias, Mario Floris, and Filippo Catani
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3283–3298, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3283-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3283-2023, 2023
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Landslides occur often across the world, with the potential to cause significant damage. Although a substantial amount of research has been conducted on the mapping of landslides using remote-sensing data, gaps and uncertainties remain when developing models to be operational at the global scale. To address this issue, we present the High-Resolution Global landslide Detector Database (HR-GLDD) for landslide mapping with landslide instances from 10 different physiographical regions globally.
Eloi González-Esvertit, Juan Alcalde, and Enrique Gomez-Rivas
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3131–3145, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3131-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3131-2023, 2023
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Evaporites are, scientifically and economically, key rocks due to their unique geological features and value for industrial purposes. To compile and normalise the vast amount of information of evaporite structures in the Iberian Peninsula, we present the IESDB – the first comprehensive database of evaporite structures and their surrounding rocks in Spain and Portugal. The IESDB is free to use, open access, and can be accessed and downloaded through the interactive IESDB webpage.
Joana Cardoso-Fernandes, Douglas Santos, Cátia Rodrigues de Almeida, Alexandre Lima, Ana C. Teodoro, and GREENPEG project team
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3111–3129, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3111-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3111-2023, 2023
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GREENPEG aims to develop tools for pegmatite exploration and to enhance European databases, adding new data on pegmatite properties, such as the spectral signature. Samples comprise pegmatites and wall rocks from Austria, Ireland, Norway, Portugal, and Spain. A detailed description of the spectral database is presented as well as reflectance spectra, photographs, and absorption features. Its European scale comprises pegmatites with distinct characteristics, providing a reference for exploration.
Silvia Peruccacci, Stefano Luigi Gariano, Massimo Melillo, Monica Solimano, Fausto Guzzetti, and Maria Teresa Brunetti
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2863–2877, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2863-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2863-2023, 2023
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ITALICA (ITAlian rainfall-induced LandslIdes CAtalogue) is the largest catalogue of rainfall-induced landslides accurately located in space and time available in Italy. ITALICA currently lists 6312 landslides that occurred between January 1996 and December 2021. The information was collected using strict objective and homogeneous criteria. The high spatial and temporal accuracy makes the catalogue suitable for reliably defining the rainfall conditions capable of triggering future landslides.
Wartini Ng, Budiman Minasny, Alex McBratney, Patrice de Caritat, and John Wilford
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2465–2482, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2465-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2465-2023, 2023
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With a higher demand for lithium (Li), a better understanding of its concentration and spatial distribution is important to delineate potential anomalous areas. This study uses a framework that combines data from recent geochemical surveys and relevant environmental factors to predict and map Li content across Australia. The map shows high Li concentration around existing mines and other potentially anomalous Li areas. The same mapping principles can potentially be applied to other elements.
Hong-He Xu, Zhi-Bin Niu, Yan-Sen Chen, Xuan Ma, Xiao-Jing Tong, Yi-Tong Sun, Xiao-Yan Dong, Dan-Ni Fan, Shuang-Shuang Song, Yan-Yan Zhu, Ning Yang, and Qing Xia
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2213–2221, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2213-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2213-2023, 2023
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A multi-dimensional and integrated dataset of fossil specimens is described. The dataset potentially contributes to a range of scientific activities and provides easy access to and virtual examination of fossil specimens in a convenient and low-cost way. It will greatly benefit paleontology in research, teaching, and science communication.
Patrice de Caritat, Anthony Dosseto, and Florian Dux
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1655–1673, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1655-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1655-2023, 2023
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This new, extensive (~1.5×106 km2) dataset from northern Australia contributes considerable new information on Australia's strontium (Sr) isotope coverage. The data are discussed in terms of lithology and age of the source areas. This dataset will reduce Northern Hemisphere bias in future global Sr isotope models. Other potential applications of the new data include mineral exploration, hydrology, food tracing, dust provenancing, and examining historic migrations of people and animals.
Samuel W. Scott, Léa Lévy, Cari Covell, Hjalti Franzson, Benoit Gibert, Ágúst Valfells, Juliet Newson, Julia Frolova, Egill Júlíusson, and María Sigríður Guðjónsdóttir
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1165–1195, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1165-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1165-2023, 2023
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Rock properties such as porosity and permeability play an important role in many geological processes. The Valgarður database is a compilation of petrophysical, geochemical, and mineralogical observations on more than 1000 Icelandic rock samples. In addition to helping constrain numerical models and geophysical inversions, these data can be used to better understand the interrelationship between lithology, hydrothermal alteration, and petrophysical properties.
Giuseppe Esposito and Fabio Matano
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1133–1149, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1133-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1133-2023, 2023
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In the highly urbanized volcanic area of Campi Flegrei (southern Italy), more than 500 000 people are exposed to multi-hazard conditions, including landslides. In the 1828–2017 time span, more than 2000 mass movements affected the volcanic slopes, concentrated mostly along the coastal sector. Rapid rock failures and flow-like landslides are frequent in the whole area. Besides their relevant role in modeling the landscape of Campi Flegrei, these processes also pose a societal risk.
Peter Stimmler, Mathias Goeckede, Bo Elberling, Susan Natali, Peter Kuhry, Nia Perron, Fabrice Lacroix, Gustaf Hugelius, Oliver Sonnentag, Jens Strauss, Christina Minions, Michael Sommer, and Jörg Schaller
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1059–1075, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1059-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1059-2023, 2023
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Arctic soils store large amounts of carbon and nutrients. The availability of nutrients, such as silicon, calcium, iron, aluminum, phosphorus, and amorphous silica, is crucial to understand future carbon fluxes in the Arctic. Here, we provide, for the first time, a unique dataset of the availability of the abovementioned nutrients for the different soil layers, including the currently frozen permafrost layer. We relate these data to several geographical and geological parameters.
Francesca Ardizzone, Francesco Bucci, Mauro Cardinali, Federica Fiorucci, Luca Pisano, Michele Santangelo, and Veronica Zumpano
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 753–767, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-753-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-753-2023, 2023
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This paper presents a new geomorphological landslide inventory map for the Daunia Apennines, southern Italy. It was produced through the interpretation of two sets of stereoscopic aerial photographs, taken in 1954/55 and 2003, and targeted field checks. The inventory contains 17 437 landslides classified according to relative age, type of movement, and estimated depth. The dataset consists of a digital archive publicly available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.942427.
Zhaohui Pan, Zhibin Niu, Zumin Xian, and Min Zhu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 41–51, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-41-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-41-2023, 2023
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Antiarch placoderms, the most basal jawed vertebrates, have the potential to enlighten the origin of the last common ancestor of jawed vertebrates during the Paleozoic. This dataset, which was extracted manually from 142 published papers or books from 1939 to 2021, consists of 60 genera of 6025 specimens from the Ludfordian to the Famennian, covering all antiarch lineages. We transferred the unstructured data from the literature to structured data for further detailed research.
Zhiheng Du, Jiao Yang, Lei Wang, Ninglian Wang, Anders Svensson, Zhen Zhang, Xiangyu Ma, Yaping Liu, Shimeng Wang, Jianzhong Xu, and Cunde Xiao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5349–5365, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5349-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5349-2022, 2022
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A dataset of the radiogenic strontium and neodymium isotopic compositions from the three poles (the third pole, the Arctic, and Antarctica) were integrated to obtain new findings. The dataset enables us to map the standardized locations in the three poles, while the use of sorting criteria related to the sample type permits us to trace the dust sources and sinks. The purpose of this dataset is to try to determine the variable transport pathways of dust at three poles.
Yutian Ke, Damien Calmels, Julien Bouchez, and Cécile Quantin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4743–4755, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4743-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4743-2022, 2022
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In this paper, we introduce the largest and most comprehensive database for riverine particulate organic carbon carried by suspended particulate matter in Earth's fluvial systems: 3546 data entries for suspended particulate matter with detailed geochemical parameters are included, and special attention goes to the elemental and isotopic carbon compositions to better understand riverine particulate organic carbon and its role in the carbon cycle from regional to global scales.
Egor Zelenin, Dmitry Bachmanov, Sofya Garipova, Vladimir Trifonov, and Andrey Kozhurin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4489–4503, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4489-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4489-2022, 2022
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Active faults are faults in the Earth's crust that could experience a possible future slip. A slip at the fault would cause an earthquake; thus, this draws particular attention to active faults in tectonic studies and seismic hazard assessment. We present the Active Faults of Eurasia Database (AFEAD): a high-detail continental-scale geodatabase comprising ~48 000 faults. The location, name, slip characteristics, and a reference to source publications are provided for database entries.
Patrice de Caritat, Anthony Dosseto, and Florian Dux
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4271–4286, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4271-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4271-2022, 2022
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Strontium isotopes are useful in geological, environmental, archaeological, and forensic research to constrain or identify the source of materials such as minerals, artefacts, or foodstuffs. A new dataset, contributing significant new data and knowledge to Australia’s strontium isotope coverage, is presented from an area of over 500 000 km2 of inland southeastern Australia. Various source areas for the sediments are recognized, and both fluvial and aeolian transport processes identified.
Francesco Bucci, Michele Santangelo, Lorenzo Fongo, Massimiliano Alvioli, Mauro Cardinali, Laura Melelli, and Ivan Marchesini
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4129–4151, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4129-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4129-2022, 2022
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The paper describes a new lithological map of Italy at a scale of 1 : 100 000 obtained from classification of a digital database following compositional and geomechanical criteria. The map represents the national distribution of the lithological classes at high resolution. The outcomes of this study can be relevant for a wide range of applications, including statistical and physically based modelling of slope stability assessment and other geoenvironmental studies.
Zhuoxuan Xia, Lingcao Huang, Chengyan Fan, Shichao Jia, Zhanjun Lin, Lin Liu, Jing Luo, Fujun Niu, and Tingjun Zhang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 3875–3887, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3875-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3875-2022, 2022
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Retrogressive thaw slumps are slope failures resulting from abrupt permafrost thaw, and are widely distributed along the Qinghai–Tibet Engineering Corridor. The potential damage to infrastructure and carbon emission of thaw slumps motivated us to obtain an inventory of thaw slumps. We used a semi-automatic method to map 875 thaw slumps, filling the knowledge gap of thaw slump locations and providing key benchmarks for analysing the distribution features and quantifying spatio-temporal changes.
Alexandru T. Codilean, Henry Munack, Wanchese M. Saktura, Tim J. Cohen, Zenobia Jacobs, Sean Ulm, Paul P. Hesse, Jakob Heyman, Katharina J. Peters, Alan N. Williams, Rosaria B. K. Saktura, Xue Rui, Kai Chishiro-Dennelly, and Adhish Panta
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 3695–3713, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3695-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3695-2022, 2022
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OCTOPUS v.2 is a web-enabled database that allows users to visualise, query, and download cosmogenic radionuclide, luminescence, and radiocarbon ages and denudation rates associated with erosional landscapes, Quaternary depositional landforms, and archaeological records, along with ancillary geospatial data layers. OCTOPUS v.2 hosts five major data collections. Supporting data are comprehensive and include bibliographic, contextual, and sample-preparation- and measurement-related information.
Gregor Luetzenburg, Kristian Svennevig, Anders A. Bjørk, Marie Keiding, and Aart Kroon
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 3157–3165, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3157-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3157-2022, 2022
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We produced the first landslide inventory for Denmark. Over 3200 landslides were mapped using a high-resolution elevation model and orthophotos. We implemented an independent validation into our mapping and found an overall level of completeness of 87 %. The national inventory represents a range of landslide sizes covering all regions that were covered by glacial ice during the last glacial period. This inventory will be used for investigating landslide causes and for natural hazard mitigation.
Michael Fritz, Sebastian Wetterich, Joel McAlister, and Hanno Meyer
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 57–63, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-57-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-57-2022, 2022
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From 2015 to 2018 we collected rain and snow samples in Inuvik, Canada. We measured the stable water isotope composition of oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δ2H) with a mass spectrometer. This data will be of interest for other scientists who work in the Arctic. They will be able to compare our modern data with their own isotope data in old ice, for example in glaciers, and in permafrost. This will help to correctly interpret the climate signals of the environmental history of the Earth.
Maria-Theresia Verwega, Christopher J. Somes, Markus Schartau, Robyn Elizabeth Tuerena, Anne Lorrain, Andreas Oschlies, and Thomas Slawig
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 4861–4880, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4861-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4861-2021, 2021
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This work describes a ready-to-use collection of particulate organic carbon stable isotope ratio data sets. It covers the 1960s–2010s and all main oceans, providing meta-information and gridded data. The best coverage exists in Atlantic, Indian and Southern Ocean surface waters during the 1990s. It indicates no major difference between methods and shows decreasing values towards high latitudes, with the lowest in the Southern Ocean, and a long-term decline in all regions but the Southern Ocean.
Gerrit Müller, Jack J. Middelburg, and Appy Sluijs
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 3565–3575, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3565-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3565-2021, 2021
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Rivers are major freshwater resources, connectors and transporters on Earth. As the composition of river waters and particles results from processes in their catchment, such as erosion, weathering, environmental pollution, nutrient and carbon cycling, Earth-spanning databases of river composition are needed for studies of these processes on a global scale. While extensive resources on water and nutrient composition exist, we provide a database of river particle composition.
Jannik Martens, Evgeny Romankevich, Igor Semiletov, Birgit Wild, Bart van Dongen, Jorien Vonk, Tommaso Tesi, Natalia Shakhova, Oleg V. Dudarev, Denis Kosmach, Alexander Vetrov, Leopold Lobkovsky, Nikolay Belyaev, Robie W. Macdonald, Anna J. Pieńkowski, Timothy I. Eglinton, Negar Haghipour, Salve Dahle, Michael L. Carroll, Emmelie K. L. Åström, Jacqueline M. Grebmeier, Lee W. Cooper, Göran Possnert, and Örjan Gustafsson
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 2561–2572, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-2561-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-2561-2021, 2021
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The paper describes the establishment, structure and current status of the first Circum-Arctic Sediment CArbon DatabasE (CASCADE), which is a scientific effort to harmonize and curate all published and unpublished data of carbon, nitrogen, carbon isotopes, and terrigenous biomarkers in sediments of the Arctic Ocean in one database. CASCADE will enable a variety of studies of the Arctic carbon cycle and thus contribute to a better understanding of how climate change affects the Arctic.
Santiago Arellano, Bo Galle, Fredy Apaza, Geoffroy Avard, Charlotte Barrington, Nicole Bobrowski, Claudia Bucarey, Viviana Burbano, Mike Burton, Zoraida Chacón, Gustavo Chigna, Christian Joseph Clarito, Vladimir Conde, Fidel Costa, Maarten De Moor, Hugo Delgado-Granados, Andrea Di Muro, Deborah Fernandez, Gustavo Garzón, Hendra Gunawan, Nia Haerani, Thor H. Hansteen, Silvana Hidalgo, Salvatore Inguaggiato, Mattias Johansson, Christoph Kern, Manne Kihlman, Philippe Kowalski, Pablo Masias, Francisco Montalvo, Joakim Möller, Ulrich Platt, Claudia Rivera, Armando Saballos, Giuseppe Salerno, Benoit Taisne, Freddy Vásconez, Gabriela Velásquez, Fabio Vita, and Mathieu Yalire
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 1167–1188, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1167-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1167-2021, 2021
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This study presents a dataset of volcanic sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from 2005–2017. Measurements were obtained by Network for Observation of Volcanic and Atmospheric Change (NOVAC) scanning differential optical absorption spectrometer (ScanDOAS) instruments at 32 volcanoes and processed using a standardized procedure. We show statistics of volcanic gas emissions under a variety of conditions and compare them with averages derived from measurements from space and historical inventories.
Michal Hájek, Borja Jiménez-Alfaro, Ondřej Hájek, Lisa Brancaleoni, Marco Cantonati, Michele Carbognani, Anita Dedić, Daniel Dítě, Renato Gerdol, Petra Hájková, Veronika Horsáková, Florian Jansen, Jasmina Kamberović, Jutta Kapfer, Tiina Hilkka Maria Kolari, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Predrag Lazarević, Ermin Mašić, Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund, Aaron Pérez-Haase, Tomáš Peterka, Alessandro Petraglia, Eulàlia Pladevall-Izard, Zuzana Plesková, Stefano Segadelli, Yuliya Semeniuk, Patrícia Singh, Anna Šímová, Eva Šmerdová, Teemu Tahvanainen, Marcello Tomaselli, Yuliya Vystavna, Claudia Biţă-Nicolae, and Michal Horsák
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 1089–1105, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1089-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1089-2021, 2021
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We developed an up-to-date European map of groundwater pH and Ca (the major determinants of diversity of wetlands) based on 7577 measurements. In comparison to the existing maps, we included much a larger data set from the regions rich in endangered wetland habitats, filled the apparent gaps in eastern and southeastern Europe, and applied geospatial modelling. The latitudinal and altitudinal gradients were rediscovered with much refined regional patterns, as is associated with bedrock variation.
Ian Moffat, Rachel Rudd, Malte Willmes, Graham Mortimer, Les Kinsley, Linda McMorrow, Richard Armstrong, Maxime Aubert, and Rainer Grün
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 3641–3652, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3641-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3641-2020, 2020
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This research has measured the bioavailable strontium isotope composition of soil and rock samples from the major geological units in Israel. Plants, animals and people take up this value into their bones and teeth via food and water and so mapping these values has important implications for understanding where archaeological, ecological, food science and forensic samples are from.
Zoltán Kern, Dániel Erdélyi, Polona Vreča, Ines Krajcar Bronić, István Fórizs, Tjaša Kanduč, Marko Štrok, László Palcsu, Miklós Süveges, György Czuppon, Balázs Kohán, and István Gábor Hatvani
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 2061–2073, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2061-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2061-2020, 2020
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Here we present the spatially continuous gridded database for amount-weighted annual mean tritium activity in precipitation for the period 1976 to 2017 for the Adriatic–Pannonian region, with a special focus on the years after 2010, which are not represented by existing global models. This AP3H database is capable of providing reliable spatiotemporal input for hydrogeological applications at any place within Slovenia, Hungary, and their surroundings.
Xiongqi Pang, Chengzao Jia, Kun Zhang, Maowen Li, Youwei Wang, Junwen Peng, Boyuan Li, and Junqing Chen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 577–590, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-577-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-577-2020, 2020
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Based on geochemical data of 13 634 source rock samples from 1286 wells and 116 489 drilling results for oil and gas from 4978 wells in six major basins of China, we proposed the concept of the active source rock depth limit. It can be used to clarify and predict the maximum depth of fossil fuel distribution in sedimentary basins. The study provides fundamental information for deep hydrocarbon exploration and also advances understanding of the vertical distribution of fossil fuels on our planet.
Maxim V. Portnyagin, Vera V. Ponomareva, Egor A. Zelenin, Lilia I. Bazanova, Maria M. Pevzner, Anastasia A. Plechova, Aleksei N. Rogozin, and Dieter Garbe-Schönberg
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 469–486, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-469-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-469-2020, 2020
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Tephra is fragmented material produced by explosive volcanic eruptions. Geochemically characterized tephra layers are excellent time marker horizons and samples of magma composition. TephraKam is database of the ages and chemical composition of volcanic glass in tephra from the Kamchatka volcanic arc (northwestern Pacific). TephraKam enables the identification of tephra sources, correlation and dating of natural archives, and reconstruction of spatiotemporal evolution of volcanism in Kamchatka.
Matthew Gard, Derrick Hasterok, and Jacqueline A. Halpin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11, 1553–1566, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1553-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1553-2019, 2019
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We compiled a database of more than 1 million chemical analyses of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, derived from existing databases, governmental data and academic studies. Our database enhances temporal distributions, simplifies the structure, and adds geochemical indices, naming schema, and estimates of physical properties such as density. This database provides a source for the rapid production of crustal models and chemical evolution throughout 4 billion years of geologic history.
Giuseppe Etiope, Giancarlo Ciotoli, Stefan Schwietzke, and Martin Schoell
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11, 1–22, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1-2019, 2019
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We developed the first global maps of natural geological CH4 flux and isotopic values which can be used for new atmospheric CH4 modelling. The maps, based on updated, measured and theoretically estimated data, show that the highest geo-CH4 emissions are located in the Northern Hemisphere (N. America, Caspian region, Europe, Siberian Arctic Shelf), and that geo-CH4 is less 13C-enriched than what has been assumed so far in other studies. Other CH4 sources can now be estimated with higher accuracy.
Alexandru T. Codilean, Henry Munack, Timothy J. Cohen, Wanchese M. Saktura, Andrew Gray, and Simon M. Mudd
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 10, 2123–2139, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-2123-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-2123-2018, 2018
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OCTOPUS is a database of cosmogenic radionuclide and luminescence measurements in fluvial sediment made available to the research community via an Open Geospatial Consortium compliant web service. OCTOPUS and its associated data curation framework provide the opportunity for researchers to reuse previously published but otherwise unusable CRN and luminescence data. This delivers the potential to harness old but valuable data that would otherwise be lost to the research community.
C. Merz and J. Steidl
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 7, 109–116, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-7-109-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-7-109-2015, 2015
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The paper presents a database of hydrochemical and hydraulic groundwater measurements of a younger Pleistocene aquifer system in NE Germany. The Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) operates seven groundwater monitoring wells in the Quillow catchment located in the Uckermark region (Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany). This database can be used for the investigation of subsurface water geochemistry under changing hydraulic boundary conditions regarding a 14-year period.
Cited articles
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Bataille, C. P., Laffon, J., and Bowen, G. J.: Mapping multiple source effects on the strontium isotopic signatures of ecosystems from the circum-Caribbean region, Ecosphere, 3, 1–24, 2012.
Beard, B. L. and Johnson, C. M.: Strontium isotope composition of skeletal material can determine the birth place and geographic mobility of humans and animals, J. Forensic Sci., 45, 1049–61, 2000.
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Chantraine, J., Chêne, F., Nehlig, P., and Rabu, D.: Carte géologique de la France à 1/1 000 000 6e édition révisée 2003, BRGM, Orléans, 2005.
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Frei, K. M. and Frei, R.: The geographic distribution of strontium isotopes in Danish surface waters – A base for provenance studies in archaeology, hydrology and agriculture, Appl. Geochem., 26, 326–340, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.12.006, 2011.
Frei, R. and Frei, K. M.: The geographic distribution of Sr isotopes from surface waters and soil extracts over the island of Bornholm (Denmark) – a base for provenance studies in archaeology and agriculture, Appl. Geochem., 38, 147–160, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.09.007, 2013.
Hobson, K. A., Barnett-johnson, R., and Cerling, T.: Using Isoscapes to Track Animal Migration, in Isoscapes, edited by: West, J. B., Bowen, G. J., Dawson, T. E., and Tu, K. P., 273–298, Springer, the Netherlands, 2010.
Hodell, D. A., Rhonda, Q. L., Brenner, M., and Kamenov, G.: Spatial variation of strontium isotopes (87Sr / 86 Sr) in the Maya region: a tool for tracking ancient human migration, J. Archaeol. Sci., 31, 585–601, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2003.10.009, 2004.
Kelly, S. and Heaton, K.: Tracing the geographical origin of food: The application of multi-element and analysis, Trends Food Sci. Tech., 16, 555–567, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2005.08.008, 2005.
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Moore, L. J., Murphy, T. J., Barnes, I. L., and Paulsen, P. J.: Absolute Isotopic Abundance Ratios and Atomic Weight of a Reference Sample of Strontium, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand., 87, 1–8, 1982.
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