Articles | Volume 9, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-679-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-679-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Review article
| 
11 Sep 2017
Review article |
| 11 Sep 2017
The ACER pollen and charcoal database: a global resource to document vegetation and fire response to abrupt climate changes during the last glacial period
María Fernanda Sánchez Goñi
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
EPHE, PSL Research University, 33615
Pessac, France
Université de Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, 33615 Pessac, France
Stéphanie Desprat
EPHE, PSL Research University, 33615
Pessac, France
Université de Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, 33615 Pessac, France
Anne-Laure Daniau
CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, 33615 Pessac, France
Frank C. Bassinot
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement,
LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Josué M. Polanco-Martínez
Université de Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, 33615 Pessac, France
Basque Centre for Climate Change – BC3, 48940 Leioa, Spain
Sandy P. Harrison
Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University,
North Ryde NSW 2109, Australia
School of Archaeology, Geography and Environmental Sciences
(SAGES), Reading University, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AB, UK
Judy R. M. Allen
Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
R. Scott Anderson
Environmental Programs, School of Earth Sciences and
Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University,
Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
Hermann Behling
Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics,
Albrecht von Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of
Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
Raymonde Bonnefille
CEREGE (UMR 6635), Aix-Marseille Université CNRS, IRD,
Collège de France, Europole de l'Arbois, BP80, 13545
Aix-en-Provence, France
Francesc Burjachs
ICREA Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, Institut Català de
Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social, Campus Sescelades URV,
W3, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
José S. Carrión
Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de
Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Rachid Cheddadi
Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, UMR
5554 Université Montpellier 2, Bat.22, CC061, Place Eugène
Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
James S. Clark
Duke Trinity
College of Art and Sciences, Durham, NC 27708, USA
Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout
UMR
7194 CNRS, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme Préhistorique,
Département de Préhistoire, Muséum national d'Histoire
naturelle, 75013 Paris, France
Colin. J. Courtney Mustaphi
The York Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Dynamics (KITE),
Environment Department, University of York, York, Heslington, YO10
5DD, UK
Georg H. Debusk
Department of
Zoology, Duke University, Box 90325, Durham, NC 27708–0325, USA
Lydie M. Dupont
MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental Sciences,
University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
Jemma M. Finch
Discipline of Geography, School of Agricultural, Earth and
Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal,
Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
William J. Fletcher
Quaternary Environments and Geoarchaeology, Geography,
School of Environment and Development, University of Manchester,
Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
Marco Giardini
Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Sapienza
Università di Roma, 1303 Rome, Italy
Catalina González
Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los
Andes, A.A. 4976 Bogotá, Colombia
William D. Gosling
Department of Ecosystems & Landscape Ecology, University
of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Laurie D. Grigg
Geology and Environmental
Science Department, Norwich University, Northfield, VT 05663, USA
Eric C. Grimm
University of Minnesota, Department of Earth Sciences,
Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
Ryoma Hayashi
Lake Biwa Museum, Oroshimocho1091, Kusatsu 525-0001, Japan
Karin Helmens
Department of Physical Geography and the Bolin Centre for
Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
Linda E. Heusser
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University,
Palisades, NY 10601, USA
Trevor Hill
Discipline of Geography, School of Agricultural, Earth and
Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal,
Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
Geoffrey Hope
Department of Archaeology and Natural History, The
Australian National University, Fellows Road, Acton ACT 0200, Australia
Brian Huntley
Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
Yaeko Igarashi
Institute for Paleoenvironment of Northern Regions, Koyocho
3-7-5, Kitahiroshima 061-1134, Japan
Tomohisa Irino
Geological Institute, University of Tokyo, Hongo,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
Bonnie Jacobs
Roy M. Huffington Department of Earth Sciences, Southern
Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0395, USA
Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno
Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología,
Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Sayuri Kawai
Institute of Mountain Science, Shinshu University, Asahi
3-1-1, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
A. Peter Kershaw
School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Monash University,
Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
Fujio Kumon
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science,
Shinshu University, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
Ian T. Lawson
Department of Geography and Sustainable Development,
University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9AL, UK
Marie-Pierre Ledru
Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, UMR
5554 Université Montpellier 2, Bat.22, CC061, Place Eugène
Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
Anne-Marie Lézine
LOCEAN – Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat:
Expérimentations et Approches Numériques, UPMC, 75252 Paris,
France
Ping Mei Liew
Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, 1,
Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
Donatella Magri
Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Sapienza
Università di Roma, 1303 Rome, Italy
Robert Marchant
The York Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Dynamics (KITE),
Environment Department, University of York, York, Heslington, YO10
5DD, UK
Vasiliki Margari
Environmental Change Research Centre, Department of
Geography, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
Francis E. Mayle
Centre for Past Climate Change, Department of Geography and
Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AB, UK
G. Merna McKenzie
School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Monash University,
Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
Patrick Moss
School of Geography, Planning and Environmental
Management, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
Stefanie Müller
Freie Universität Berlin, Geological Sciences,
Palaeontology Section, 12249 Berlin, Germany
Ulrich C. Müller
Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberganlage
25, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany
Filipa Naughton
Center of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Algarve University,
Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
Portuguese Sea and Atmosphere Institute (IPMA), Rua
Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-006 Lisbon, Portugal
Rewi M. Newnham
School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences,
Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6140,
New Zealand
Tadamichi Oba
Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido
University, N10-W5 Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
Ramón Pérez-Obiol
Unitat de Botànica, Facultat de Biociències,
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra,
Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
Roberta Pini
C.N.R. – Istituto per la Dinamica dei Processi
Ambientali, Laboratorio di Palinologia e Paleoecologia, Piazza
della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
Cesare Ravazzi
C.N.R. – Istituto per la Dinamica dei Processi
Ambientali, Laboratorio di Palinologia e Paleoecologia, Piazza
della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
Katy H. Roucoux
Department of Geography and Sustainable Development,
University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9AL, UK
Stephen M. Rucina
Department of Earth Sciences, Palynology and Palaeobotany
Section, National Museums of Kenya, P.O. Box 40658, Nairobi,
00100, Kenya
Louis Scott
Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free
State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa
Hikaru Takahara
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto
Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8522, Japan
Polichronis C. Tzedakis
Environmental Change Research Centre, Department of
Geography, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
Dunia H. Urrego
Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Amory
Building, Rennes Drive, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UK
Bas van Geel
Department of Paleoecology and Landscape Ecology,
Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, Universiteit
van Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the
Netherlands
B. Guido Valencia
Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Institute of
Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
Marcus J. Vandergoes
GNS Science1 Fairway Drive, Avalon P.O. Box 30-368, Lower
Hutt 5010, New Zealand
Annie Vincens
CEREGE (UMR 6635), Aix-Marseille Université CNRS, IRD,
Collège de France, Europole de l'Arbois, BP80, 13545
Aix-en-Provence, France
Cathy L. Whitlock
Department of Earth Sciences, Montana State University,
Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
Debra A. Willard
U.S. Geological Survey, 926A National Center, Reston, VA
20192, USA
Masanobu Yamamoto
Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido
University, N10-W5 Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
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Synthesis and AnaLysis) database, SISALv3, which, for the first time, contains speleothem trace element records, in addition to an update to the stable isotope records available in previous versions of the database, cumulatively providing data from 365 globally distributed sites.
Mengmeng Liu, Iain Colin Prentice, and Sandy P. Harrison
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2024-12, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2024-12, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for CP
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Dansgaard-Oeschger events were large and rapid warming events that occurred multiple times during the last ice age. We show that changes in the northern extratropics and the southern extratropics were anti-phased, with warming over most of the north and cooling in the south. The reconstructions do not provide evidence for a change in seasonality in temperature. However, they do indicate that warming was generally accompanied by wetter conditions and cooling by drier conditions.
Huiying Xu, Han Wang, Iain Colin Prentice, and Sandy P. Harrison
Biogeosciences, 20, 4511–4525, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4511-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4511-2023, 2023
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Leaf carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) are crucial elements in leaf construction and physiological processes. This study reconciled the roles of phylogeny, species identity, and climate in stoichiometric traits at individual and community levels. The variations in community-level leaf N and C : N ratio were captured by optimality-based models using climate data. Our results provide an approach to improve the representation of leaf stoichiometry in vegetation models to better couple N with C cycling.
Esmeralda Cruz-Silva, Sandy P. Harrison, I. Colin Prentice, Elena Marinova, Patrick J. Bartlein, Hans Renssen, and Yurui Zhang
Clim. Past, 19, 2093–2108, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-2093-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-2093-2023, 2023
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We examined 71 pollen records (12.3 ka to present) in the eastern Mediterranean, reconstructing climate changes. Over 9000 years, winters gradually warmed due to orbital factors. Summer temperatures peaked at 4.5–5 ka, likely declining because of ice sheets. Moisture increased post-11 kyr, remaining high from 10–6 kyr before a slow decrease. Climate models face challenges in replicating moisture transport.
Olivia Haas, Iain Colin Prentice, and Sandy P. Harrison
Biogeosciences, 20, 3981–3995, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3981-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3981-2023, 2023
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We quantify the impact of CO2 and climate on global patterns of burnt area, fire size, and intensity under Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) conditions using three climate scenarios. Climate change alone did not produce the observed LGM reduction in burnt area, but low CO2 did through reducing vegetation productivity. Fire intensity was sensitive to CO2 but strongly affected by changes in atmospheric dryness. Low CO2 caused smaller fires; climate had the opposite effect except in the driest scenario.
Georgia R. Grant, Jonny H. T. Williams, Sebastian Naeher, Osamu Seki, Erin L. McClymont, Molly O. Patterson, Alan M. Haywood, Erik Behrens, Masanobu Yamamoto, and Katelyn Johnson
Clim. Past, 19, 1359–1381, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1359-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1359-2023, 2023
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Regional warming will differ from global warming, and climate models perform poorly in the Southern Ocean. We reconstruct sea surface temperatures in the south-west Pacific during the mid-Pliocene, a time 3 million years ago that represents the long-term outcomes of 3 °C warming, which is expected for the future. Comparing these results to climate model simulations, we show that the south-west Pacific region will warm by 1 °C above the global average if atmospheric CO2 remains above 350 ppm.
Giulia Mengoli, Sandy P. Harrison, and I. Colin Prentice
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1261, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1261, 2023
Preprint archived
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Soil water availability affects plant carbon uptake by reducing leaf area and/or by closing stomata, which reduces its efficiency. We present a new formulation of how climatic dryness reduces both maximum carbon uptake and the soil-moisture threshold below which it declines further. This formulation illustrates how plants adapt their water conservation strategy to thrive in dry climates, and is step towards a better representation of soil-moisture effects in climate models.
Mengmeng Liu, Yicheng Shen, Penelope González-Sampériz, Graciela Gil-Romera, Cajo J. F. ter Braak, Iain Colin Prentice, and Sandy P. Harrison
Clim. Past, 19, 803–834, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-803-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-803-2023, 2023
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We reconstructed the Holocene climates in the Iberian Peninsula using a large pollen data set and found that the west–east moisture gradient was much flatter than today. We also found that the winter was much colder, which can be expected from the low winter insolation during the Holocene. However, summer temperature did not follow the trend of summer insolation, instead, it was strongly correlated with moisture.
David A. Hodell, Simon J. Crowhurst, Lucas Lourens, Vasiliki Margari, John Nicolson, James E. Rolfe, Luke C. Skinner, Nicola C. Thomas, Polychronis C. Tzedakis, Maryline J. Mleneck-Vautravers, and Eric W. Wolff
Clim. Past, 19, 607–636, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-607-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-607-2023, 2023
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We produced a 1.5-million-year-long history of climate change at International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1385 of the Iberian margin, a well-known location for rapidly accumulating sediments on the seafloor. Our record demonstrates that longer-term orbital changes in Earth's climate were persistently overprinted by abrupt millennial-to-centennial climate variability. The occurrence of abrupt climate change is modulated by the slower variations in Earth's orbit and climate background state.
Anne-Marie Lézine, Maé Catrain, Julián Villamayor, and Myriam Khodri
Clim. Past, 19, 277–292, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-277-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-277-2023, 2023
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Data and climate simulations were used to discuss the West African Little Ice Age (LIA). We show a clear opposition between a dry Sahel–savannah zone and a humid equatorial sector. In the Sahel region, the LIA was characterized by a gradual drying trend starting in 1250 CE after two early warning signals since 1170 CE. A tipping point was reached at 1800 CE. Drying events punctuated the LIA, the largest of which dated to ca. 1600 CE and was also recorded in the savannah zone.
Flavio S. Anselmetti, Milos Bavec, Christian Crouzet, Markus Fiebig, Gerald Gabriel, Frank Preusser, Cesare Ravazzi, and DOVE scientific team
Sci. Dril., 31, 51–70, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-31-51-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-31-51-2022, 2022
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Previous glaciations eroded below the ice deep valleys in the Alpine foreland, which, with their sedimentary fillings, witness the timing and extent of these glacial advance–retreat cycles. Drilling such sedimentary sequences will thus provide well-needed evidence in order to reconstruct the (a)synchronicity of past ice advances in a trans-Alpine perspective. Eventually these data will document how the Alpine foreland was shaped and how the paleoclimate patterns varied along and across the Alps.
Takahito Mitsui, Polychronis C. Tzedakis, and Eric W. Wolff
Clim. Past, 18, 1983–1996, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1983-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1983-2022, 2022
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We provide simple quantitative models for the interglacial and glacial intensities over the last 800 000 years. Our results suggest that the memory of previous climate states and the time course of the insolation in both hemispheres are crucial for understanding interglacial and glacial intensities. In our model, the shift in interglacial intensities at the Mid-Brunhes Event (~430 ka) is ultimately attributed to the amplitude modulation of obliquity.
Ruifang Ma, Sophie Sépulcre, Laetitia Licari, Frédéric Haurine, Franck Bassinot, Zhaojie Yu, and Christophe Colin
Clim. Past, 18, 1757–1774, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1757-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1757-2022, 2022
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We provide high-resolution Cd / Ca records of benthic foraminifera on two cores from the northern Indian Ocean since the last deglaciation. We reconstructed intermediate Cdw records based on Cd / Ca. Combined with benthic foraminiferal assemblages, we show that intermediate Cdw during the last deglaciation was mainly influenced by the ventilation of intermediate–bottom water masses. Thereafter during the Holocene surface productivity is the main forcing factor related to monsoon precipitation.
Gabriel Hes, María F. Sánchez Goñi, and Nathaelle Bouttes
Clim. Past, 18, 1429–1451, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1429-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1429-2022, 2022
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Termination V (TV, ~ 404–433 kyr BP) marks a transition in the climate system towards amplified glacial–interglacial cycles. While the associated atmospheric CO2 changes are mostly attributed to the Southern Ocean, little is known about the terrestrial biosphere contribution to the carbon cycle. This study provides the first (model- and pollen-based) reconstruction of global forests highlighting the potential role of temperate and boreal forests in atmospheric CO2 sequestration during TV.
Yicheng Shen, Luke Sweeney, Mengmeng Liu, Jose Antonio Lopez Saez, Sebastián Pérez-Díaz, Reyes Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, Graciela Gil-Romera, Dana Hoefer, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Heike Schneider, I. Colin Prentice, and Sandy P. Harrison
Clim. Past, 18, 1189–1201, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1189-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1189-2022, 2022
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We present a method to reconstruct burnt area using a relationship between pollen and charcoal abundances and the calibration of charcoal abundance using modern observations of burnt area. We use this method to reconstruct changes in burnt area over the past 12 000 years from sites in Iberia. We show that regional changes in burnt area reflect known changes in climate, with a high burnt area during warming intervals and low burnt area when the climate was cooler and/or wetter than today.
Esther Githumbi, Ralph Fyfe, Marie-Jose Gaillard, Anna-Kari Trondman, Florence Mazier, Anne-Birgitte Nielsen, Anneli Poska, Shinya Sugita, Jessie Woodbridge, Julien Azuara, Angelica Feurdean, Roxana Grindean, Vincent Lebreton, Laurent Marquer, Nathalie Nebout-Combourieu, Miglė Stančikaitė, Ioan Tanţău, Spassimir Tonkov, Lyudmila Shumilovskikh, and LandClimII data contributors
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 1581–1619, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1581-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1581-2022, 2022
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Reconstruction of past land cover is necessary for the study of past climate–land cover interactions and the evaluation of climate models and land-use scenarios. We used 1128 available pollen records from across Europe covering the last 11 700 years in the REVEALS model to calculate percentage cover and associated standard errors for 31 taxa, 12 plant functional types and 3 land-cover types. REVEALS results are reliant on the quality of the input datasets.
Sandy P. Harrison, Roberto Villegas-Diaz, Esmeralda Cruz-Silva, Daniel Gallagher, David Kesner, Paul Lincoln, Yicheng Shen, Luke Sweeney, Daniele Colombaroli, Adam Ali, Chéïma Barhoumi, Yves Bergeron, Tatiana Blyakharchuk, Přemysl Bobek, Richard Bradshaw, Jennifer L. Clear, Sambor Czerwiński, Anne-Laure Daniau, John Dodson, Kevin J. Edwards, Mary E. Edwards, Angelica Feurdean, David Foster, Konrad Gajewski, Mariusz Gałka, Michelle Garneau, Thomas Giesecke, Graciela Gil Romera, Martin P. Girardin, Dana Hoefer, Kangyou Huang, Jun Inoue, Eva Jamrichová, Nauris Jasiunas, Wenying Jiang, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Monika Karpińska-Kołaczek, Piotr Kołaczek, Niina Kuosmanen, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Martin Lavoie, Fang Li, Jianyong Li, Olga Lisitsyna, José Antonio López-Sáez, Reyes Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, Gabriel Magnan, Eniko Katalin Magyari, Alekss Maksims, Katarzyna Marcisz, Elena Marinova, Jenn Marlon, Scott Mensing, Joanna Miroslaw-Grabowska, Wyatt Oswald, Sebastián Pérez-Díaz, Ramón Pérez-Obiol, Sanna Piilo, Anneli Poska, Xiaoguang Qin, Cécile C. Remy, Pierre J. H. Richard, Sakari Salonen, Naoko Sasaki, Hieke Schneider, William Shotyk, Migle Stancikaite, Dace Šteinberga, Normunds Stivrins, Hikaru Takahara, Zhihai Tan, Liva Trasune, Charles E. Umbanhowar, Minna Väliranta, Jüri Vassiljev, Xiayun Xiao, Qinghai Xu, Xin Xu, Edyta Zawisza, Yan Zhao, Zheng Zhou, and Jordan Paillard
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 1109–1124, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1109-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1109-2022, 2022
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We provide a new global data set of charcoal preserved in sediments that can be used to examine how fire regimes have changed during past millennia and to investigate what caused these changes. The individual records have been standardised, and new age models have been constructed to allow better comparison across sites. The data set contains 1681 records from 1477 sites worldwide.
Camille Godbillot, Fabrice Minoletti, Franck Bassinot, and Michaël Hermoso
Clim. Past, 18, 449–464, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-449-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-449-2022, 2022
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We test a new method to reconstruct past atmospheric CO2 levels based on the geochemistry of pelagic algal biominerals (coccoliths), which recent culture and numerical experiments have related to ambient CO2 concentrations. By comparing the isotopic composition of fossil coccoliths to the inferred surface ocean CO2 level at the time they calcified, we outline a transfer function and argue that coccolith vital effects can be used to reconstruct geological pCO2 beyond the ice core record.
Lydie M. Dupont, Xueqin Zhao, Christopher Charles, John Tyler Faith, and David Braun
Clim. Past, 18, 1–21, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1-2022, 2022
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We studied the vegetation and climate of southwestern South Africa for the period of the past 300000 years. Vegetation and climate development in this region are interesting because the vegetation of the Western Cape is a global biodiversity hotspot and because the archeology of the region substantially contributed to the understanding of the origins of modern humans. We found that the influence of precession variability on the vegetation and climate of southwestern South Africa is strong.
Alexander Kuhn-Régnier, Apostolos Voulgarakis, Peer Nowack, Matthias Forkel, I. Colin Prentice, and Sandy P. Harrison
Biogeosciences, 18, 3861–3879, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3861-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3861-2021, 2021
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Along with current climate, vegetation, and human influences, long-term accumulation of biomass affects fires. Here, we find that including the influence of antecedent vegetation and moisture improves our ability to predict global burnt area. Additionally, the length of the preceding period which needs to be considered for accurate predictions varies across regions.
Sarah E. Parker, Sandy P. Harrison, Laia Comas-Bru, Nikita Kaushal, Allegra N. LeGrande, and Martin Werner
Clim. Past, 17, 1119–1138, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1119-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1119-2021, 2021
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Regional trends in the oxygen isotope (δ18O) composition of stalagmites reflect several climate processes. We compare stalagmite δ18O records from monsoon regions and model simulations to identify the causes of δ18O variability over the last 12 000 years, and between glacial and interglacial states. Precipitation changes explain the glacial–interglacial δ18O changes in all monsoon regions; Holocene trends are due to a combination of precipitation, atmospheric circulation and temperature changes.
Masa Kageyama, Sandy P. Harrison, Marie-L. Kapsch, Marcus Lofverstrom, Juan M. Lora, Uwe Mikolajewicz, Sam Sherriff-Tadano, Tristan Vadsaria, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Nathaelle Bouttes, Deepak Chandan, Lauren J. Gregoire, Ruza F. Ivanovic, Kenji Izumi, Allegra N. LeGrande, Fanny Lhardy, Gerrit Lohmann, Polina A. Morozova, Rumi Ohgaito, André Paul, W. Richard Peltier, Christopher J. Poulsen, Aurélien Quiquet, Didier M. Roche, Xiaoxu Shi, Jessica E. Tierney, Paul J. Valdes, Evgeny Volodin, and Jiang Zhu
Clim. Past, 17, 1065–1089, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1065-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1065-2021, 2021
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The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; ~21 000 years ago) is a major focus for evaluating how well climate models simulate climate changes as large as those expected in the future. Here, we compare the latest climate model (CMIP6-PMIP4) to the previous one (CMIP5-PMIP3) and to reconstructions. Large-scale climate features (e.g. land–sea contrast, polar amplification) are well captured by all models, while regional changes (e.g. winter extratropical cooling, precipitations) are still poorly represented.
Cody C. Routson, Darrell S. Kaufman, Nicholas P. McKay, Michael P. Erb, Stéphanie H. Arcusa, Kendrick J. Brown, Matthew E. Kirby, Jeremiah P. Marsicek, R. Scott Anderson, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Jessica R. Rodysill, Matthew S. Lachniet, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Joseph R. Bennett, Michelle F. Goman, Sarah E. Metcalfe, Jennifer M. Galloway, Gerrit Schoups, David B. Wahl, Jesse L. Morris, Francisca Staines-Urías, Andria Dawson, Bryan N. Shuman, Daniel G. Gavin, Jeffrey S. Munroe, and Brian F. Cumming
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 1613–1632, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1613-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1613-2021, 2021
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We present a curated database of western North American Holocene paleoclimate records, which have been screened on length, resolution, and geochronology. The database gathers paleoclimate time series that reflect temperature, hydroclimate, or circulation features from terrestrial and marine sites, spanning a region from Mexico to Alaska. This publicly accessible collection will facilitate a broad range of paleoclimate inquiry.
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Short summary
The ACER (Abrupt Climate Changes and Environmental Responses) global database includes 93 pollen records from the last glacial period (73–15 ka) plotted against a common chronology; 32 also provide charcoal records. The database allows for the reconstruction of the regional expression, vegetation and fire of past abrupt climate changes that are comparable to those expected in the 21st century. This work is a major contribution to understanding the processes behind rapid climate change.
The ACER (Abrupt Climate Changes and Environmental Responses) global database includes 93 pollen...
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