Articles | Volume 14, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3249-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3249-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description article
| 
15 Jul 2022
Data description article |
| 15 Jul 2022
| 15 Jul 2022
EMO-5: a high-resolution multi-variable gridded meteorological dataset for Europe
Vera Thiemig
Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra, 21027, Italy
Goncalo N. Gomes
Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra, 21027, Italy
Jon O. Skøien
Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra, 21027, Italy
Markus Ziese
Global Precipitation Climatology Centre, Deutscher Wetterdienst,
Offenbach, 63067, Germany
Armin Rauthe-Schöch
Global Precipitation Climatology Centre, Deutscher Wetterdienst,
Offenbach, 63067, Germany
Elke Rustemeier
Global Precipitation Climatology Centre, Deutscher Wetterdienst,
Offenbach, 63067, Germany
Kira Rehfeldt
Global Precipitation Climatology Centre, Deutscher Wetterdienst,
Offenbach, 63067, Germany
Jakub P. Walawender
Global Precipitation Climatology Centre, Deutscher Wetterdienst,
Offenbach, 63067, Germany
Faculty of Geography, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, 35032,
Germany
Christine Kolbe
Global Precipitation Climatology Centre, Deutscher Wetterdienst,
Offenbach, 63067, Germany
Faculty of Geography, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, 35032,
Germany
Damien Pichon
Kisters France SAS, Rueil-Malmaison, 92500, France
Christoph Schweim
Kisters AG, Aachen, 52076, Germany
Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra, 21027, Italy
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Peter Salamon, Tim Sperzel, Goncalo Ramos Gomes, Marco Radke-Fretz, Carina-Denise Lemke, Carlo Russo, Christoph Schweim, Ervin Zsoter, Alessandro Dosio, Mariapina Vomero, Markus Ziese, and Stefania Grimaldi
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We introduce the European Meteorological Observations -1 (EMO-1) dataset developed to support the European Flood Awareness System. EMO-1 provides maps with interpolated meteorological observations across Europe at daily and 6-hourly time steps and with a pixel size of ~1.5 km for the period 1990–2024. The dataset uses observations from thousands of meteorological stations from 47 different data providers for interpolation. It is publicly available at the Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue.
Jesús Casado-Rodríguez, Juliana Disperati, Stefania Grimaldi, and Peter Salamon
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-904, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-904, 2026
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Dams significantly change river flows, yet they are difficult to represent in global hydrological models. We tested four different modeling methods using data from 164 reservoirs to find the most effective approach. We found that tracking water storage is better than tracking outflow for predicting reservoir behavior. This discovery enables the use of satellite information for better water management. These improvements are being implemented in the European and Global Flood Awareness Systems.
Andrea Ficchì, Davide Bavera, Stefania Grimaldi, Francesca Moschini, Alberto Pistocchi, Carlo Russo, Peter Salamon, and Andrea Toreti
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Martin Claverie, Ayshah Chan, Linda See, Helena Ramos, Renate Koeble, Momchil Yordanov, Jon Olav Skøien, Ferdinando Urbano, Raphael d'Andrimont, Maja Schneider, Marco Körner, and Marijn Van der Velde
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-752, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-752, 2026
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The Eurocrops v2.0 dataset contains several years of farmer crop declarations from 16 Member States for the Common Agricultural Policy. These data were harmonized with a crop taxonomy and then linked to other classification systems including agricultural statistics and remotely sensed products. This dataset can support researchers and policy makers in tracking changes over time, calculating crop rotations, for national comparisons, for evaluating official statistics and for remote sensing.
Serigne Bassirou Diop, Job Ekolu, Yves Tramblay, Bastien Dieppois, Stefania Grimaldi, Ansoumana Bodian, Juliette Blanchet, Ponnambalam Rameshwaran, Peter Salamon, and Benjamin Sultan
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West Africa is very vulnerable to river floods. Current flood hazards are poorly understood due to limited data. This study is filling this knowledge gap using recent databases and two regional hydrological models to analyze changes in flood risk under two climate scenarios. Results show that most areas will see more frequent and severe floods, with some increasing by over 45 %. These findings stress the urgent need for climate-resilient strategies to protect communities and infrastructure.
Nicolas Lampach, Jon Olav Skøien, Helena Ramos, Julien Gaffuri, Renate Koeble, Linda See, and Marijn van der Velde
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 3893–3919, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-3893-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-3893-2025, 2025
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Bodo Erhardt, Christoph Brendel, Mario Hafer, Michael Haller, Christian Koziar, Katharina Lengfeld, Dinah Kristin Leschzyk, Armin Rauthe-Schöch, Hella Riede, and Ewelina Walawender
Abstr. Int. Cartogr. Assoc., 9, 10, https://doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-9-10-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-9-10-2025, 2025
Aloïs Tilloy, Dominik Paprotny, Stefania Grimaldi, Goncalo Gomes, Alessandra Bianchi, Stefan Lange, Hylke Beck, Cinzia Mazzetti, and Luc Feyen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 293–316, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-293-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-293-2025, 2025
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This article presents a reanalysis of Europe's river streamflow for the period 1951–2020. Streamflow is estimated through a state-of-the-art hydrological simulation framework benefitting from detailed information about the landscape, climate, and human activities. The resulting Hydrological European ReAnalysis (HERA) can be a valuable tool for studying hydrological dynamics, including the impacts of climate change and human activities on European water resources and flood and drought risks.
Andrea Betterle and Peter Salamon
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The study proposes a new framework, named FLEXTH, to estimate flood water depth and improve satellite-based flood monitoring using topographical data. FLEXTH is readily available as a computer code, offering a practical and scalable solution for estimating flood depth quickly and systematically over large areas. The methodology can reduce the impacts of floods and enhance emergency response efforts, particularly where resources are limited.
Margarita Choulga, Francesca Moschini, Cinzia Mazzetti, Stefania Grimaldi, Juliana Disperati, Hylke Beck, Peter Salamon, and Christel Prudhomme
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 2991–3036, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-2991-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-2991-2024, 2024
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CEMS_SurfaceFields_2022 dataset is a new set of high-resolution maps for land type (e.g. lake, forest), soil properties and population water needs at approximately 2 and 6 km at the Equator, covering Europe and the globe (excluding Antarctica). We describe what and how new high-resolution information can be used to create the dataset. The paper suggests that the dataset can be used as input for river, weather or other models, as well as for statistical descriptions of the region of interest.
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For about 24000 river basins across Europe, this study provides a continuous representation of the streamflow regime in terms of empirical flow–duration curves (FDCs), which are key signatures of the hydrological behaviour of a catchment and are widely used for supporting decisions on water resource management as well as for assessing hydrologic change. FDCs at ungauged sites are estimated by means of a geostatistical procedure starting from data observed at about 3000 sites across Europe.
Francesco Dottori, Lorenzo Alfieri, Alessandra Bianchi, Jon Skoien, and Peter Salamon
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We present a set of hazard maps for river flooding for Europe and the Mediterranean basin. The maps depict inundation extent and depth for flood probabilities for up to 1-in-500-year flood hazards and are based on hydrological and hydrodynamic models driven by observed climatology. The maps can identify two-thirds of the flood extent reported by official flood maps, with increasing skill for higher-magnitude floods. The maps are used for evaluating present and future impacts of river floods.
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Short summary
EMO-5 is a free and open European high-resolution (5 km), sub-daily, multi-variable (precipitation, temperatures, wind speed, solar radiation, vapour pressure), multi-decadal meteorological dataset based on quality-controlled observations coming from almost 30 000 stations across Europe, and is produced in near real-time. EMO-5 (v1) covers the time period from 1990 to 2019. In this paper, we have provided insight into the source data, the applied methods, and the quality assessment of EMO-5.
EMO-5 is a free and open European high-resolution (5 km), sub-daily, multi-variable...
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