Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) constitute a group of often toxic, persistent, and bioaccumulative substances. We constructed a global Emissions model and inventory based on multiple datasets for 23 widely used PFAS. The model computes temporally and spatially resolved model ready emissions distinguishing between emissions to air and emissions to water covering the time span from 1950 up until 2020 on an annual basis to be used for chemistry transport modelling.

We introduce GLBD-FED (1981–2024), a global daily temperature dataset spanning ~17 000 stations. To harmonize varying national reporting times, we reconstruct sub-daily observations into consistent 24 h physical windows, preferentially aligned to 00:00–24:00 UTC. This effectively corrects Time of Observation Biases. GLBD-FED provides a globally uniform, first-hand observational baseline highly valuable for synoptic weather evaluation and validating numerical weather prediction models.

Extreme sea levels during storms can lead to coastal flooding and sediment displacement. In the paper, we present an expanded global dataset of sea levels, produced using a global ocean model driven by ERA5 reanalysis – a state-of-the-art dataset of historical weather and climate. The strengths and limitations of the dataset are discussed by comparing it to observed sea levels. The dataset covers a period of 1950–2024, improving our understanding of the global frequency of extreme water levels.

This study presents a corrected 2019–2023 dataset for the FengYun-4A Lightning Mapping Imager, with geolocation accuracy better than 15 km, referenced to the World Wide Lightning Location Network. This open‑access resource enhances lightning monitoring and atmospheric research.

Here we present the updated International Soil Radiocarbon Database version 2, which compiles radiocarbon data from over 500 studies at 1700 locations worldwide. The database provides various soil radiocarbon measurements to improve our understanding of factors that influence the age distributions of carbon in soils. While we have made progress expanding the database and improving its structure, important gaps remain in tropical regions, deep soils, and certain measurement types.