Articles | Volume 12, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2423-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2423-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description paper
| 
09 Oct 2020
Data description paper |
| 09 Oct 2020
| 09 Oct 2020
The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD), version 2
Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics IDYST,
Faculté des Géosciences et l'Environnement, University of Lausanne, Batiment Géopolis,
1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
Manuel Chevalier
Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics IDYST,
Faculté des Géosciences et l'Environnement, University of Lausanne, Batiment Géopolis,
1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
Philipp Sommer
Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics IDYST,
Faculté des Géosciences et l'Environnement, University of Lausanne, Batiment Géopolis,
1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
Vachel A. Carter
Department of Botany, Charles University, Benatska 2, Prague 2
128-01, Czech Republic
Walter Finsinger
ISEM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
Achille Mauri
European Commission Joint Research Centre, Directorate D –
Sustainable Resources – Bio-Economy Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra
(VA), Italy
Leanne N. Phelps
Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics IDYST,
Faculté des Géosciences et l'Environnement, University of Lausanne, Batiment Géopolis,
1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
Marco Zanon
Institute of Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology, Kiel University,
Johanna-Mestorf-Str. 2–6, 24118 Kiel, Germany
Roman Abegglen
Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21,
Bern, Switzerland
Christine M. Åkesson
Department of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews, North Street, St Andrews, KY16 9AL, UK
Francisca Alba-Sánchez
Department of Botany, University of Granada, Avda. Fuente Nueva,
18071-Granada, Spain
R. Scott Anderson
School of Earth and Sustainability, 624 S. Knoles St., Ashust
Building, Room A108, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
Tatiana G. Antipina
Botanical Garden of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of
Sciences, 620144, Yekaterinburg, Russia
Juliana R. Atanassova
Biological Faculty, Department of Botany, Sofia University, 8
Dragan Tzankov bld., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
Ruth Beer
Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21,
Bern, Switzerland
Nina I. Belyanina
Pacific Institute of Geography FEB RAS, 7, Radio Street, 690042, Vladivostok,
Russia
Tatiana A. Blyakharchuk
Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems of
Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheski ave. 10/3,
634055, Tomsk, Russia
Olga K. Borisova
Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geography, Staromonetny
lane 29, 119017, Moscow, Russia
Elissaveta Bozilova
Faculty of Biology, Laboratory of Palynology, Sofia University, 8
Dragan Tsankov blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
Galina Bukreeva
Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, c/o N. Ryabogina,
Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RAS, Malygina st. 86, 625026, Tyumen, Russia
M. Jane Bunting
Department of Geography, Geology and
Environment, University of Hull, Cottongham Road, Hull, HU67RX, UK
Eleonora Clò
Laboratorio di Palinologia
e Paleobotanica – Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via Campi 287, 41125
Modena, Italy
Daniele Colombaroli
Department of Geography, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham,
Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout
UMR 7194 – CNRS/MNHN, Dpt Homme et Environnement, Institut de
Paléontologie Humaine 1, rue René Panhard, 75013 Paris, France
Stéphanie Desprat
University of Bordeaux, EPOC UMR 5805, EPHE- PSL University,
Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, 33615 Pessac, France
Federico Di Rita
Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo
Moro, 5, Rome, Italy
Morteza Djamali
Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie,
Aix-Marseille Université – Campus Aix Technopôle de l'environnement
Arbois Méditerranée Avenue Louis Philibert Bât Villemin – BP 80,
13545 Aix-en-Provence CEDEX 4, France
Kevin J. Edwards
Departments of Geography and Environment and
Archaeology, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Elphinstone Road, Aberdeen AB24 3UF, UK
Patricia L. Fall
Department of Geography & Earth
Sciences, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC, USA
Angelica Feurdean
Department of Physical Geography, Goethe University,
Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
William Fletcher
Quaternary Environments and Geoarchaeology
Group, Department of Geography, School of Environment, Education and
Development, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
Assunta Florenzano
Laboratorio di Palinologia
e Paleobotanica – Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via Campi 287, 41125
Modena, Italy
Giulia Furlanetto
CNR-IGAG, Laboratory of Palynology and Palaeoecology, Piazza della
Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
Emna Gaceur
GEOGLOB, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Route Soukra, BP. 802, 3038 Sfax,
Tunisia
Arsenii T. Galimov
Botanical Garden of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of
Sciences, 620144, Yekaterinburg, Russia
Mariusz Gałka
Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection,
Department of Geobotany and Plant Ecology, University of Łódź, Banacha Str. 12/16, 90-237 Łódź,
Poland
Iria García-Moreiras
Dpto. Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo,
Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
Thomas Giesecke
Department of Physical Geography, Faculty
Geoscience, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80115, 3508 TC, Utrecht,
the Netherlands
Roxana Grindean
Department of Geology, Babes-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu Street,
400084, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Maria A. Guido
CIR-LASA – University of Genoa, Via Balbi, 6, 16126, Genoa, Italy,
Italy
Irina G. Gvozdeva
Far East Geological Institute FEB RAS, 159, Prospekt 100-letiya,
690022, Vladivostok, Russia
Ulrike Herzschuh
Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine
Research, Telegraphenberg A45, Potsdam, Germany
Kari L. Hjelle
Department of Natural History, University
Museum, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, 5020 Bergen, Norway
Sergey Ivanov
Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RAS, Malygina st. 86, 625026, Tyumen,
Russia
Susanne Jahns
Brandenburgisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege, Wünsdorfer
Platz 4–5, 15806 Zossen OT Wünsdorf, Germany
Vlasta Jankovska
Paleoecological
Laboratory, Institute of Botany, Academy of the Sciences of the Czech Republic, Lidická 25/27, 602 00 BRNO, Czech
Republic
Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno
Departamento de Estratigrafía y
Paleontología, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva S/N, 18002 Granada, Spain
Monika Karpińska-Kołaczek
Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and
Monitoring, Adam Mickiewicz University, B. Krygowskiego 10/247, 61-680 Poznań, Poland
Ikuko Kitaba
Research Centre for Palaeoclimatology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1
Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
Piotr Kołaczek
Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and
Monitoring, Adam Mickiewicz University, B. Krygowskiego 10/247, 61-680 Poznań, Poland
Elena G. Lapteva
Laboratory of Paleoecology, Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of the Ural Branch of the
Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Matra str., 202,
620144, Yekaterinburg, Russia
Małgorzata Latałowa
Department of Plant Ecology, Laboratory of
Palaeoecology & Archaeobotanyul, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk,
Poland
Vincent Lebreton
CNRS/Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7194 – Institut de
Paléontologie Humaine 1, rue René Panhard, 75013 Paris, France
Suzanne Leroy
AMU-LAMPEA, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Minist Culture, LAMPEA, UMR
7269, 5 rue du Château de l'Horloge, 13094, Aix-en-Provence, France
Michelle Leydet
Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE,
Europôle Arbois, Aix-en-Provence, France
Darya A. Lopatina
Laboratory of Stratigraphy and Paleogeography of oceans Geological
Institute Russian Academy of Sciences, Pyzevskii per., 119017, Moscow,
Russia
José Antonio López-Sáez
Instituto de Historia-CSIC, Albasanz 26–28, 28037 Madrid, Spain
André F. Lotter
Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21,
Bern, Switzerland
Donatella Magri
Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo
Moro, 5, Rome, Italy
Elena Marinova
State Office for Cultural Heritage Baden Württemberg, Laboratory
for Archaeobotany, Fischersteig 9, 78343 Hemmenhofen, Germany
Isabelle Matthias
Campus Institute Data Science, Göttingen, Germany
Anastasia Mavridou
Laboratory of Forest
Botany-Geobotany, Faculty of Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki,
Greece
Anna Maria Mercuri
Laboratorio di Palinologia
e Paleobotanica – Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via Campi 287, 41125
Modena, Italy
Jose Manuel Mesa-Fernández
Departamento de Estratigrafía y
Paleontología, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva S/N, 18002 Granada, Spain
Yuri A. Mikishin
Far East Geological Institute FEB RAS, 159, Prospekt 100-letiya,
690022, Vladivostok, Russia
Krystyna Milecka
Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and
Monitoring, Adam Mickiewicz University, B. Krygowskiego 10/247, 61-680 Poznań, Poland
Carlo Montanari
University of Genoa, DISTAV – Corso Europa, 26, Genoa, Italy
César Morales-Molino
Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21,
Bern, Switzerland
Almut Mrotzek
Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald,
Soldmannstr. 15, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
Castor Muñoz Sobrino
Dpto. Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo,
Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
Olga D. Naidina
Geological Institute RAS, Pyzhevsky 7, 119017, Moscow, Russia
Takeshi Nakagawa
Research Centre for Palaeoclimatology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1
Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
Anne Birgitte Nielsen
Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, 66362 Lund, Sweden
Elena Y. Novenko
Faculty of geography, Department
of Physical Geography and Landscape Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory, 1., 119991,
Moscow, Russia
Sampson Panajiotidis
Laboratory of Forest
Botany-Geobotany, Faculty of Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki,
Greece
Nata K. Panova
Botanical Garden of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of
Sciences, 620144, Yekaterinburg, Russia
Maria Papadopoulou
Laboratory of Forest
Botany-Geobotany, Faculty of Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki,
Greece
Heather S. Pardoe
National Museum Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff CF10 3NP, UK
Anna Pędziszewska
Department of Plant Ecology, Laboratory of
Palaeoecology & Archaeobotanyul, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk,
Poland
Tatiana I. Petrenko
Far East Geological Institute FEB RAS, 159, Prospekt 100-letiya,
690022, Vladivostok, Russia
María J. Ramos-Román
Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64 (Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2), F00014, Helsinki, Finland
Cesare Ravazzi
CNR-IGAG, Laboratory of Palynology and Palaeoecology, Piazza della
Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
Manfred Rösch
Department of Philosophy, Universität Heidelberg, Sandgasse 7, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
Natalia Ryabogina
Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RAS, Malygina st. 86, 625026, Tyumen,
Russia
Silvia Sabariego Ruiz
Dept. de Biodiversidad,
Ecología y Evolución, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria 28040, Madrid, Spain
J. Sakari Salonen
Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64 (Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2), F00014, Helsinki, Finland
Tatyana V. Sapelko
Institute of Limnology, RAS, 9, Sevastyanova st., 196105,
St. Petersburg, Russia
James E. Schofield
Departments of Geography and Environment and
Archaeology, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Elphinstone Road, Aberdeen AB24 3UF, UK
Heikki Seppä
Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64 (Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2), F00014, Helsinki, Finland
Lyudmila Shumilovskikh
Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, University of Göttingen, Wilhelm-Weber-Str. 2a, 37073 Göttingen,
Germany
Normunds Stivrins
Department of Geography, University of Latvia, Jelgavas str. 1,
1004, Riga, Latvia
Philipp Stojakowits
Institute of Geography, University of Augsburg, Alter Postweg 118,
86159 Augsburg, Germany
Helena Svobodova Svitavska
Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252
43 Pruhonice, Czech Republic
Joanna Święta-Musznicka
Department of Plant Ecology, Laboratory of
Palaeoecology & Archaeobotanyul, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk,
Poland
Ioan Tantau
Department of Geology, Babes-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu Street,
400084, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Willy Tinner
Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21,
Bern, Switzerland
Kazimierz Tobolski
Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and
Monitoring, Adam Mickiewicz University, B. Krygowskiego 10/247, 61-680 Poznań, Poland
deceased
Spassimir Tonkov
Faculty of Biology, Laboratory of Palynology, Sofia University, 8
Dragan Tsankov blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
Margarita Tsakiridou
Laboratory of Forest
Botany-Geobotany, Faculty of Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki,
Greece
Verushka Valsecchi
Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21,
Bern, Switzerland
Oksana G. Zanina
RAS, Laboratory of Soil Cryology, Institute of Physico-Chemical and
Biological Problems in Soil Science, Moscow region, Institutskaya
2, 142290, Pushchino, Russia
Marcelina Zimny
Department of Plant Ecology, Laboratory of
Palaeoecology & Archaeobotanyul, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk,
Poland
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Climatic reconstructions of Marine Isotope Stages (MISs) 19, 11, and 5 and the current interglacial (MIS 1) based on pollen data from a marine core (Alboran Sea) show that, compared with MIS 1, MIS 19 was colder and highly variable, MIS 11 was longer and more stable, and MIS 5 was warmer. There is no real equivalent to the current interglacial, but past interglacials give insights into the sensitivity of the southwestern Mediterranean to global climatic changes in conditions similar to MIS 1.
Yurui Zhang, Hans Renssen, Heikki Seppä, Zhen Li, and Xingrui Li
Clim. Past, 21, 67–77, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-67-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-67-2025, 2025
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The upper and lower atmospheres interact. The polar regions, with high-speed, cyclonically rotating winds, provide a window through which upper winds affect surface weather and climate variability. By analysing climate model results, we found that ice sheets induced anomalous upward wave propagation and stretched the rotating winds towards North America, increasing the likelihood of cold-air outbreaks at the mid-latitudes. This accounts for the enhanced winter cooling at these latitudes.
Dulce Oliveira, Stéphanie Desprat, Qiuzhen Yin, Coralie Zorzi, Zhipeng Wu, Krishnamurthy Anupama, Srinivasan Prasad, Montserrat Alonso-García, and Philippe Martinez
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3341, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3341, 2024
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We present an unprecedented record of Indian summer monsoon (ISM)-induced vegetation changes for MIS 11, a key interglacial. Site U1446 pollen data and models show that ISM-vegetation shifts stem from an interplay of dominant forcings based on boundary conditions. Insolation is the main driver during MIS 11c interglacial conditions, akin to future scenarios, while ice volume and CO₂ prevail in the glacial inception. Superimposed changes are marked by prominent forest contractions and expansions.
Sandra Domingues Gomes, William Fletcher, Abi Stone, Teresa Rodrigues, Andreia Rebotim, Dulce Oliveira, Maria F. Sánchez Goñi, Fatima Abrantes, and Filipa Naughton
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3334, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3334, 2024
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Our study explores how rising CO2 at the end of the last ice age impacted vegetation in the Iberian Peninsula. By analyzing pollen and ocean temperatures in marine sediments, we found that higher CO2 helped forests expand, even in cool or dry conditions. This shows that CO2 played a key role in shaping ecosystems during climate shifts. Understanding this past response helps us see how different factors interact and provides insights into how today’s ecosystems might adapt to rapidly rising CO2.
Taiga Matsushita, Mariko Harada, Hiroaki Ueda, Takeshi Nakagawa, Yoshimi Kubota, Yoshiaki Suzuki, and Youichi Kamae
Clim. Past, 20, 2017–2029, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-2017-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-2017-2024, 2024
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We present a climate simulation using version 2.3 of the Meteorological Research Institute's Coupled General Circulation Model (MRI-CGCM2.3) to examine the impact of insolation changes on East Asian summer monsoon variability over the past 450 kyr. We show that changes in summer insolation over East Asia led to distinct climatic responses in China and Japan, driven by altered atmospheric circulation due to the intensification of the North Pacific subtropical high and the North Pacific High.
Basil A. S. Davis, Marc Fasel, Jed O. Kaplan, Emmanuele Russo, and Ariane Burke
Clim. Past, 20, 1939–1988, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1939-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1939-2024, 2024
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During the last ice age (21 000 yr BP) in Europe, the composition and extent of forest and its associated climate remain unclear, with models indicating more forest north of the Alps and a warmer and somewhat wetter climate than suggested by the data. A new compilation of pollen records with improved dating suggests greater agreement with model climates but still suggests models overestimate forest cover, especially in the west.
Amelie Stieg, Boris K. Biskaborn, Ulrike Herzschuh, Jens Strauss, Luidmila Pestryakova, and Hanno Meyer
Clim. Past, 20, 909–933, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-909-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-909-2024, 2024
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Siberia is impacted by recent climate warming and experiences extreme hydroclimate events. We present a 220-year-long sub-decadal stable oxygen isotope record of diatoms from Lake Khamra. Our analysis identifies winter precipitation as the key process impacting the isotope variability. Two possible hydroclimatic anomalies were found to coincide with significant changes in lake internal conditions and increased wildfire activity in the region.
Walter Finsinger, Christian Bigler, Christoph Schwörer, and Willy Tinner
Biogeosciences, 21, 1629–1638, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1629-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1629-2024, 2024
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Rate-of-change records based on compositional data are ambiguous as they may rise irrespective of the underlying trajectory of ecosystems. We emphasize the importance of characterizing both the direction and the rate of palaeoecological changes in terms of key features of ecosystems rather than solely on community composition. Past accelerations of community transformation may document the potential of ecosystems to rapidly recover important ecological attributes and functions.
Emmanuele Russo, Jonathan Buzan, Sebastian Lienert, Guillaume Jouvet, Patricio Velasquez Alvarez, Basil Davis, Patrick Ludwig, Fortunat Joos, and Christoph C. Raible
Clim. Past, 20, 449–465, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-449-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-449-2024, 2024
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We present a series of experiments conducted for the Last Glacial Maximum (~21 ka) over Europe using the regional climate Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) at convection-permitting resolutions. The model, with new developments better suited to paleo-studies, agrees well with pollen-based climate reconstructions. This agreement is improved when considering different sources of uncertainty. The effect of convection-permitting resolutions is also assessed.
Philip Meister, Anne Alexandre, Hannah Bailey, Philip Barker, Boris K. Biskaborn, Ellie Broadman, Rosine Cartier, Bernhard Chapligin, Martine Couapel, Jonathan R. Dean, Bernhard Diekmann, Poppy Harding, Andrew C. G. Henderson, Armand Hernandez, Ulrike Herzschuh, Svetlana S. Kostrova, Jack Lacey, Melanie J. Leng, Andreas Lücke, Anson W. Mackay, Eniko Katalin Magyari, Biljana Narancic, Cécile Porchier, Gunhild Rosqvist, Aldo Shemesh, Corinne Sonzogni, George E. A. Swann, Florence Sylvestre, and Hanno Meyer
Clim. Past, 20, 363–392, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-363-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-363-2024, 2024
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This paper presents the first comprehensive compilation of diatom oxygen isotope records in lake sediments (δ18OBSi), supported by lake basin parameters. We infer the spatial and temporal coverage of δ18OBSi records and discuss common hemispheric trends on centennial and millennial timescales. Key results are common patterns for hydrologically open lakes in Northern Hemisphere extratropical regions during the Holocene corresponding to known climatic epochs, i.e. the Holocene Thermal Maximum.
Andria Dawson, John W. Williams, Marie-José Gaillard, Simon J. Goring, Behnaz Pirzamanbein, Johan Lindstrom, R. Scott Anderson, Andrea Brunelle, David Foster, Konrad Gajewski, Dan G. Gavin, Terri Lacourse, Thomas A. Minckley, Wyatt Oswald, Bryan Shuman, and Cathy Whitlock
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2024-6, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2024-6, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for CP
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Holocene vegetation-atmosphere interactions provide insight into intensifying land use impacts and the Holocene Conundrum- a mismatch between data- and model- inferred temperature. Using pollen records and statistical modeling, we reconstruct Holocene land cover for North America. We determine patterns and magnitudes of land cover changes across scales. We attribute land cover changes to ecological, climatic, and human drivers. These reconstructions provide benchmarks for Earth System Models.
Fabio Oriani, Gregoire Mariethoz, and Manuel Chevalier
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 731–742, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-731-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-731-2024, 2024
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Modern and fossil pollen data contain precious information for reconstructing the climate and environment of the past. However, these data are only achieved for single locations with no continuity in space. We present here a systematic atlas of 194 digital maps containing the spatial estimation of contemporary pollen presence over Europe. This dataset constitutes a free and ready-to-use tool to study climate, biodiversity, and environment in time and space.
Angelica Feurdean, Richard S. Vachula, Diana Hanganu, Astrid Stobbe, and Maren Gumnior
Biogeosciences, 20, 5069–5085, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5069-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5069-2023, 2023
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This paper presents novel results of laboratory-produced charcoal forms from various grass, forb and shrub taxa from the Eurasian steppe to facilitate more robust interpretations of fuel sources and fire types in grassland-dominated ecosystems. Advancements in identifying fuel sources and changes in fire types make charcoal analysis relevant to studies of plant evolution and fire management.
Carrie L. Thomas, Boris Jansen, Sambor Czerwiński, Mariusz Gałka, Klaus-Holger Knorr, E. Emiel van Loon, Markus Egli, and Guido L. B. Wiesenberg
Biogeosciences, 20, 4893–4914, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4893-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4893-2023, 2023
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Peatlands are vital terrestrial ecosystems that can serve as archives, preserving records of past vegetation and climate. We reconstructed the vegetation history over the last 2600 years of the Beerberg peatland and surrounding area in the Thuringian Forest in Germany using multiple analyses. We found that, although the forest composition transitioned and human influence increased, the peatland remained relatively stable until more recent times, when drainage and dust deposition had an impact.
Esmeralda Cruz-Silva, Sandy P. Harrison, I. Colin Prentice, Elena Marinova, Patrick J. Bartlein, Hans Renssen, and Yurui Zhang
Clim. Past, 19, 2093–2108, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-2093-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-2093-2023, 2023
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We examined 71 pollen records (12.3 ka to present) in the eastern Mediterranean, reconstructing climate changes. Over 9000 years, winters gradually warmed due to orbital factors. Summer temperatures peaked at 4.5–5 ka, likely declining because of ice sheets. Moisture increased post-11 kyr, remaining high from 10–6 kyr before a slow decrease. Climate models face challenges in replicating moisture transport.
Ulrike Herzschuh, Thomas Böhmer, Manuel Chevalier, Raphaël Hébert, Anne Dallmeyer, Chenzhi Li, Xianyong Cao, Odile Peyron, Larisa Nazarova, Elena Y. Novenko, Jungjae Park, Natalia A. Rudaya, Frank Schlütz, Lyudmila S. Shumilovskikh, Pavel E. Tarasov, Yongbo Wang, Ruilin Wen, Qinghai Xu, and Zhuo Zheng
Clim. Past, 19, 1481–1506, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1481-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1481-2023, 2023
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A mismatch between model- and proxy-based Holocene climate change may partially originate from the poor spatial coverage of climate reconstructions. Here we investigate quantitative reconstructions of mean annual temperature and annual precipitation from 1908 pollen records in the Northern Hemisphere. Trends show strong latitudinal patterns and differ between (sub-)continents. Our work contributes to a better understanding of the global mean.
Ulrike Herzschuh, Thomas Böhmer, Chenzhi Li, Manuel Chevalier, Raphaël Hébert, Anne Dallmeyer, Xianyong Cao, Nancy H. Bigelow, Larisa Nazarova, Elena Y. Novenko, Jungjae Park, Odile Peyron, Natalia A. Rudaya, Frank Schlütz, Lyudmila S. Shumilovskikh, Pavel E. Tarasov, Yongbo Wang, Ruilin Wen, Qinghai Xu, and Zhuo Zheng
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2235–2258, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2235-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2235-2023, 2023
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Climate reconstruction from proxy data can help evaluate climate models. We present pollen-based reconstructions of mean July temperature, mean annual temperature, and annual precipitation from 2594 pollen records from the Northern Hemisphere, using three reconstruction methods (WA-PLS, WA-PLS_tailored, and MAT). Since no global or hemispheric synthesis of quantitative precipitation changes are available for the Holocene so far, this dataset will be of great value to the geoscientific community.
Manuel Chevalier, Anne Dallmeyer, Nils Weitzel, Chenzhi Li, Jean-Philippe Baudouin, Ulrike Herzschuh, Xianyong Cao, and Andreas Hense
Clim. Past, 19, 1043–1060, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1043-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1043-2023, 2023
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Data–data and data–model vegetation comparisons are commonly based on comparing single vegetation estimates. While this approach generates good results on average, reducing pollen assemblages to single single plant functional type (PFT) or biome estimates can oversimplify the vegetation signal. We propose using a multivariate metric, the Earth mover's distance (EMD), to include more details about the vegetation structure when performing such comparisons.
Boris K. Biskaborn, Amy Forster, Gregor Pfalz, Lyudmila A. Pestryakova, Kathleen Stoof-Leichsenring, Jens Strauss, Tim Kröger, and Ulrike Herzschuh
Biogeosciences, 20, 1691–1712, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1691-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1691-2023, 2023
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Lake sediment from the Russian Arctic was studied for microalgae and organic matter chemistry dated back to the last glacial 28 000 years. Species and chemistry responded to environmental changes such as the Younger Dryas cold event and the Holocene thermal maximum. Organic carbon accumulation correlated with rates of microalgae deposition only during warm episodes but not during the cold glacial.
Furong Li, Marie-José Gaillard, Xianyong Cao, Ulrike Herzschuh, Shinya Sugita, Jian Ni, Yan Zhao, Chengbang An, Xiaozhong Huang, Yu Li, Hongyan Liu, Aizhi Sun, and Yifeng Yao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 95–112, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-95-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-95-2023, 2023
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The objective of this study is present the first gridded and temporally continuous quantitative plant-cover reconstruction for temperate and northern subtropical China over the last 12 millennia. The reconstructions are based on 94 pollen records and include estimates for 27 plant taxa, 10 plant functional types, and 3 land-cover types. The dataset is suitable for palaeoclimate modelling and the evaluation of simulated past vegetation cover and anthropogenic land-cover change from models.
Timon Miesner, Ulrike Herzschuh, Luidmila A. Pestryakova, Mareike Wieczorek, Evgenii S. Zakharov, Alexei I. Kolmogorov, Paraskovya V. Davydova, and Stefan Kruse
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5695–5716, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5695-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5695-2022, 2022
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We present data which were collected on expeditions to the northeast of the Russian Federation. One table describes the 226 locations we visited during those expeditions, and the other describes 40 289 trees which we recorded at these locations. We found out that important information on the forest cannot be predicted precisely from satellites. Thus, for anyone interested in distant forests, it is important to go to there and take measurements or use data (as presented here).
Femke van Geffen, Birgit Heim, Frederic Brieger, Rongwei Geng, Iuliia A. Shevtsova, Luise Schulte, Simone M. Stuenzi, Nadine Bernhardt, Elena I. Troeva, Luidmila A. Pestryakova, Evgenii S. Zakharov, Bringfried Pflug, Ulrike Herzschuh, and Stefan Kruse
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4967–4994, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4967-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4967-2022, 2022
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SiDroForest is an attempt to remedy data scarcity regarding vegetation data in the circumpolar region, whilst providing adjusted and labeled data for machine learning and upscaling practices. SiDroForest contains four datasets that include SfM point clouds, individually labeled trees, synthetic tree crowns and labeled Sentinel-2 patches that provide insights into the vegetation composition and forest structure of two important vegetation transition zones in Siberia, Russia.
Flavio S. Anselmetti, Milos Bavec, Christian Crouzet, Markus Fiebig, Gerald Gabriel, Frank Preusser, Cesare Ravazzi, and DOVE scientific team
Sci. Dril., 31, 51–70, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-31-51-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-31-51-2022, 2022
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Previous glaciations eroded below the ice deep valleys in the Alpine foreland, which, with their sedimentary fillings, witness the timing and extent of these glacial advance–retreat cycles. Drilling such sedimentary sequences will thus provide well-needed evidence in order to reconstruct the (a)synchronicity of past ice advances in a trans-Alpine perspective. Eventually these data will document how the Alpine foreland was shaped and how the paleoclimate patterns varied along and across the Alps.
Ulrike Herzschuh, Chenzhi Li, Thomas Böhmer, Alexander K. Postl, Birgit Heim, Andrei A. Andreev, Xianyong Cao, Mareike Wieczorek, and Jian Ni
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 3213–3227, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3213-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3213-2022, 2022
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Pollen preserved in environmental archives such as lake sediments and bogs are extensively used for reconstructions of past vegetation and climate. Here we present LegacyPollen 1.0, a dataset of 2831 fossil pollen records from all over the globe that were collected from publicly available databases. We harmonized the names of the pollen taxa so that all datasets can be jointly investigated. LegacyPollen 1.0 is available as an open-access dataset.
Angelica Feurdean, Andrei-Cosmin Diaconu, Mirjam Pfeiffer, Mariusz Gałka, Simon M. Hutchinson, Geanina Butiseaca, Natalia Gorina, Spassimir Tonkov, Aidin Niamir, Ioan Tantau, Hui Zhang, and Sergey Kirpotin
Clim. Past, 18, 1255–1274, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1255-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1255-2022, 2022
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We used palaeoecological records from peatlands in southern Siberia. We showed that warmer climate conditions have lowered the water level and increased the fuel amount and flammability, consequently also increasing the frequency and severity of fires as well as the composition of tree types.
Yicheng Shen, Luke Sweeney, Mengmeng Liu, Jose Antonio Lopez Saez, Sebastián Pérez-Díaz, Reyes Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, Graciela Gil-Romera, Dana Hoefer, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Heike Schneider, I. Colin Prentice, and Sandy P. Harrison
Clim. Past, 18, 1189–1201, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1189-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1189-2022, 2022
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We present a method to reconstruct burnt area using a relationship between pollen and charcoal abundances and the calibration of charcoal abundance using modern observations of burnt area. We use this method to reconstruct changes in burnt area over the past 12 000 years from sites in Iberia. We show that regional changes in burnt area reflect known changes in climate, with a high burnt area during warming intervals and low burnt area when the climate was cooler and/or wetter than today.
Ramesh Glückler, Rongwei Geng, Lennart Grimm, Izabella Baisheva, Ulrike Herzschuh, Kathleen R. Stoof-Leichsenring, Stefan Kruse, Andrei Andreev, Luidmila Pestryakova, and Elisabeth Dietze
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-395, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-395, 2022
Preprint archived
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Despite rapidly intensifying wildfire seasons in Siberian boreal forests, little is known about long-term relationships between changes in vegetation and shifts in wildfire activity. Using lake sediment proxies, we reconstruct such environmental changes over the past 10,800 years in Central Yakutia. We find that a more open forest may facilitate increased amounts of vegetation burning. The present-day dense larch forest might yet be mediating the current climate-driven wildfire intensification.
Manuel Chevalier
Clim. Past, 18, 821–844, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-821-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-821-2022, 2022
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This paper introduces a new R package to perform quantitative climate reconstructions from palaeoecological datasets. The package includes calibration data for several commonly used terrestrial (e.g. pollen) and marine (e.g. foraminifers) climate proxies to enable its use in various environments globally. In addition, the built-in graphical diagnostic tools simplify the evaluation and interpretations of the results. No coding skills are required to use crestr.
Esther Githumbi, Ralph Fyfe, Marie-Jose Gaillard, Anna-Kari Trondman, Florence Mazier, Anne-Birgitte Nielsen, Anneli Poska, Shinya Sugita, Jessie Woodbridge, Julien Azuara, Angelica Feurdean, Roxana Grindean, Vincent Lebreton, Laurent Marquer, Nathalie Nebout-Combourieu, Miglė Stančikaitė, Ioan Tanţău, Spassimir Tonkov, Lyudmila Shumilovskikh, and LandClimII data contributors
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 1581–1619, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1581-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1581-2022, 2022
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Reconstruction of past land cover is necessary for the study of past climate–land cover interactions and the evaluation of climate models and land-use scenarios. We used 1128 available pollen records from across Europe covering the last 11 700 years in the REVEALS model to calculate percentage cover and associated standard errors for 31 taxa, 12 plant functional types and 3 land-cover types. REVEALS results are reliant on the quality of the input datasets.
Chenzhi Li, Alexander K. Postl, Thomas Böhmer, Xianyong Cao, Andrew M. Dolman, and Ulrike Herzschuh
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 1331–1343, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1331-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1331-2022, 2022
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Here we present a global chronology framework of 2831 palynological records, including globally harmonized chronologies covering up to 273 000 years. A comparison with the original chronologies reveals a major improvement according to our assessment. Our chronology framework and revised chronologies will interest a broad geoscientific community, as it provides the opportunity to make use in synthesis studies of, for example, pollen-based vegetation and climate change.
Stefan Kruse, Simone M. Stuenzi, Julia Boike, Moritz Langer, Josias Gloy, and Ulrike Herzschuh
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 2395–2422, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-2395-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-2395-2022, 2022
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We coupled established models for boreal forest (LAVESI) and permafrost dynamics (CryoGrid) in Siberia to investigate interactions of the diverse vegetation layer with permafrost soils. Our tests showed improved active layer depth estimations and newly included species growth according to their species-specific limits. We conclude that the new model system can be applied to simulate boreal forest dynamics and transitions under global warming and disturbances, expanding our knowledge.
Sandy P. Harrison, Roberto Villegas-Diaz, Esmeralda Cruz-Silva, Daniel Gallagher, David Kesner, Paul Lincoln, Yicheng Shen, Luke Sweeney, Daniele Colombaroli, Adam Ali, Chéïma Barhoumi, Yves Bergeron, Tatiana Blyakharchuk, Přemysl Bobek, Richard Bradshaw, Jennifer L. Clear, Sambor Czerwiński, Anne-Laure Daniau, John Dodson, Kevin J. Edwards, Mary E. Edwards, Angelica Feurdean, David Foster, Konrad Gajewski, Mariusz Gałka, Michelle Garneau, Thomas Giesecke, Graciela Gil Romera, Martin P. Girardin, Dana Hoefer, Kangyou Huang, Jun Inoue, Eva Jamrichová, Nauris Jasiunas, Wenying Jiang, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Monika Karpińska-Kołaczek, Piotr Kołaczek, Niina Kuosmanen, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Martin Lavoie, Fang Li, Jianyong Li, Olga Lisitsyna, José Antonio López-Sáez, Reyes Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, Gabriel Magnan, Eniko Katalin Magyari, Alekss Maksims, Katarzyna Marcisz, Elena Marinova, Jenn Marlon, Scott Mensing, Joanna Miroslaw-Grabowska, Wyatt Oswald, Sebastián Pérez-Díaz, Ramón Pérez-Obiol, Sanna Piilo, Anneli Poska, Xiaoguang Qin, Cécile C. Remy, Pierre J. H. Richard, Sakari Salonen, Naoko Sasaki, Hieke Schneider, William Shotyk, Migle Stancikaite, Dace Šteinberga, Normunds Stivrins, Hikaru Takahara, Zhihai Tan, Liva Trasune, Charles E. Umbanhowar, Minna Väliranta, Jüri Vassiljev, Xiayun Xiao, Qinghai Xu, Xin Xu, Edyta Zawisza, Yan Zhao, Zheng Zhou, and Jordan Paillard
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 1109–1124, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1109-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1109-2022, 2022
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We provide a new global data set of charcoal preserved in sediments that can be used to examine how fire regimes have changed during past millennia and to investigate what caused these changes. The individual records have been standardised, and new age models have been constructed to allow better comparison across sites. The data set contains 1681 records from 1477 sites worldwide.
Jack Longman, Daniel Veres, Aritina Haliuc, Walter Finsinger, Vasile Ersek, Daniela Pascal, Tiberiu Sava, and Robert Begy
Clim. Past, 17, 2633–2652, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2633-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2633-2021, 2021
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Peatlands are some of the best environments for storing carbon; thus, comprehending how much carbon can be stored and how amounts have changed through time is important to understand carbon cycling. We analysed nine peatlands from central–eastern Europe to look at how carbon storage in mountain bogs has changed over the last 10 000 years. We conclude that human activity is the main driver of changes in storage levels over the past 4000 years; prior to this, climate was the primary driver.
Anne Dallmeyer, Martin Claussen, Stephan J. Lorenz, Michael Sigl, Matthew Toohey, and Ulrike Herzschuh
Clim. Past, 17, 2481–2513, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2481-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2481-2021, 2021
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Using the comprehensive Earth system model, MPI-ESM1.2, we explore the global Holocene vegetation changes and interpret them in terms of the Holocene climate change. The model results reveal that most of the Holocene vegetation transitions seen outside the high northern latitudes can be attributed to modifications in the intensity of the global summer monsoons.
Stuart A. Vyse, Ulrike Herzschuh, Gregor Pfalz, Lyudmila A. Pestryakova, Bernhard Diekmann, Norbert Nowaczyk, and Boris K. Biskaborn
Biogeosciences, 18, 4791–4816, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4791-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4791-2021, 2021
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Lakes act as important stores of organic carbon and inorganic sediment material. This study provides a first investigation into carbon and sediment accumulation and storage within an Arctic glacial lake from Far East Russia. It shows that major shifts are related to palaeoclimate variation that affects the development of the lake and its surrounding catchment. Spatial differences to other lake systems from other regions may reflect variability in processes controlled by latitude and altitude.
Vojtěch Abraham, Sheila Hicks, Helena Svobodová-Svitavská, Elissaveta Bozilova, Sampson Panajiotidis, Mariana Filipova-Marinova, Christin Eldegard Jensen, Spassimir Tonkov, Irena Agnieszka Pidek, Joanna Święta-Musznicka, Marcelina Zimny, Eliso Kvavadze, Anna Filbrandt-Czaja, Martina Hättestrand, Nurgül Karlıoğlu Kılıç, Jana Kosenko, Maria Nosova, Elena Severova, Olga Volkova, Margrét Hallsdóttir, Laimdota Kalniņa, Agnieszka M. Noryśkiewicz, Bożena Noryśkiewicz, Heather Pardoe, Areti Christodoulou, Tiiu Koff, Sonia L. Fontana, Teija Alenius, Elisabeth Isaksson, Heikki Seppä, Siim Veski, Anna Pędziszewska, Martin Weiser, and Thomas Giesecke
Biogeosciences, 18, 4511–4534, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4511-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4511-2021, 2021
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We present a continental dataset of pollen accumulation rates (PARs) collected by pollen traps. This absolute measure of pollen rain (grains cm−2 yr−1) has a positive relationship to current vegetation and latitude. Trap and fossil PARs have similar values within one region, so it opens up possibilities for using fossil PARs to reconstruct past changes in plant biomass and primary productivity. The dataset is available in the Neotoma Paleoecology Database.
Ramesh Glückler, Ulrike Herzschuh, Stefan Kruse, Andrei Andreev, Stuart Andrew Vyse, Bettina Winkler, Boris K. Biskaborn, Luidmila Pestryakova, and Elisabeth Dietze
Biogeosciences, 18, 4185–4209, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4185-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4185-2021, 2021
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Data about past fire activity are very sparse in Siberia. This study presents a first high-resolution record of charcoal particles from lake sediments in boreal eastern Siberia. It indicates that current levels of charcoal accumulation are not unprecedented. While a recent increase in reconstructed fire frequency coincides with rising temperatures and increasing human activity, vegetation composition does not seem to be a major driver behind changes in the fire regime in the past two millennia.
Lydia Stolpmann, Caroline Coch, Anne Morgenstern, Julia Boike, Michael Fritz, Ulrike Herzschuh, Kathleen Stoof-Leichsenring, Yury Dvornikov, Birgit Heim, Josefine Lenz, Amy Larsen, Katey Walter Anthony, Benjamin Jones, Karen Frey, and Guido Grosse
Biogeosciences, 18, 3917–3936, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3917-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3917-2021, 2021
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Our new database summarizes DOC concentrations of 2167 water samples from 1833 lakes in permafrost regions across the Arctic to provide insights into linkages between DOC and environment. We found increasing lake DOC concentration with decreasing permafrost extent and higher DOC concentrations in boreal permafrost sites compared to tundra sites. Our study shows that DOC concentration depends on the environmental properties of a lake, especially permafrost extent, ecoregion, and vegetation.
Sascha Scherer, Benjamin Höpfer, Katleen Deckers, Elske Fischer, Markus Fuchs, Ellen Kandeler, Jutta Lechterbeck, Eva Lehndorff, Johanna Lomax, Sven Marhan, Elena Marinova, Julia Meister, Christian Poll, Humay Rahimova, Manfred Rösch, Kristen Wroth, Julia Zastrow, Thomas Knopf, Thomas Scholten, and Peter Kühn
SOIL, 7, 269–304, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-269-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-269-2021, 2021
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This paper aims to reconstruct Middle Bronze Age (MBA) land use practices in the northwestern Alpine foreland (SW Germany, Hegau). We used a multi-proxy approach including biogeochemical proxies from colluvial deposits in the surroundings of a MBA settlement, on-site archaeobotanical and zooarchaeological data and off-site pollen data. From our data we infer land use practices such as plowing, cereal growth, forest farming and use of fire that marked the beginning of major colluvial deposition.
Angelica Feurdean
Biogeosciences, 18, 3805–3821, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3805-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3805-2021, 2021
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This study characterized the diversity of laboratory-produced charcoal morphological features of various fuel types from Siberia at different temperatures. The results obtained improve the attribution of charcoal particles to fuel types and fire characteristics. This work also provides recommendations for the application of this information to refine the past wildfire history.
Iuliia Shevtsova, Ulrike Herzschuh, Birgit Heim, Luise Schulte, Simone Stünzi, Luidmila A. Pestryakova, Evgeniy S. Zakharov, and Stefan Kruse
Biogeosciences, 18, 3343–3366, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3343-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3343-2021, 2021
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In the light of climate changes in subarctic regions, notable general increase in above-ground biomass for the past 15 years (2000 to 2017) was estimated along a tundra–taiga gradient of central Chukotka (Russian Far East). The greatest increase occurred in the northern taiga in the areas of larch closed-canopy forest expansion with Cajander larch as a main contributor. For the estimations, we used field data (taxa-separated plant biomass, 2018) and upscaled it based on Landsat satellite data.
Cody C. Routson, Darrell S. Kaufman, Nicholas P. McKay, Michael P. Erb, Stéphanie H. Arcusa, Kendrick J. Brown, Matthew E. Kirby, Jeremiah P. Marsicek, R. Scott Anderson, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Jessica R. Rodysill, Matthew S. Lachniet, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Joseph R. Bennett, Michelle F. Goman, Sarah E. Metcalfe, Jennifer M. Galloway, Gerrit Schoups, David B. Wahl, Jesse L. Morris, Francisca Staines-Urías, Andria Dawson, Bryan N. Shuman, Daniel G. Gavin, Jeffrey S. Munroe, and Brian F. Cumming
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 1613–1632, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1613-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1613-2021, 2021
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We present a curated database of western North American Holocene paleoclimate records, which have been screened on length, resolution, and geochronology. The database gathers paleoclimate time series that reflect temperature, hydroclimate, or circulation features from terrestrial and marine sites, spanning a region from Mexico to Alaska. This publicly accessible collection will facilitate a broad range of paleoclimate inquiry.
Angelica Feurdean, Roxana Grindean, Gabriela Florescu, Ioan Tanţău, Eva M. Niedermeyer, Andrei-Cosmin Diaconu, Simon M. Hutchinson, Anne Brigitte Nielsen, Tiberiu Sava, Andrei Panait, Mihaly Braun, and Thomas Hickler
Biogeosciences, 18, 1081–1103, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1081-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1081-2021, 2021
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Here we used multi-proxy analyses from Lake Oltina (Romania) and quantitatively examine the past 6000 years of the forest steppe in the lower Danube Plain, one of the oldest areas of human occupation in southeastern Europe. We found the greatest tree cover between 6000 and 2500 cal yr BP. Forest loss was under way by 2500 yr BP, falling to ~20 % tree cover linked to clearance for agriculture. The weak signs of forest recovery over the past 2500 years highlight recurring anthropogenic pressure.
Simone Maria Stuenzi, Julia Boike, William Cable, Ulrike Herzschuh, Stefan Kruse, Luidmila A. Pestryakova, Thomas Schneider von Deimling, Sebastian Westermann, Evgenii S. Zakharov, and Moritz Langer
Biogeosciences, 18, 343–365, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-343-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-343-2021, 2021
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Boreal forests in eastern Siberia are an essential component of global climate patterns. We use a physically based model and field measurements to study the interactions between forests, permanently frozen ground and the atmosphere. We find that forests exert a strong control on the thermal state of permafrost through changing snow cover dynamics and altering the surface energy balance, through absorbing most of the incoming solar radiation and suppressing below-canopy turbulent fluxes.
Mareike Wieczorek and Ulrike Herzschuh
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 3515–3528, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3515-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3515-2020, 2020
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Relative pollen productivity (RPP) estimates are used to estimate vegetation cover from pollen records. This study provides (i) a compilation of northern hemispheric RPP studies, allowing researchers to identify suitable sets for their study region and to identify data gaps for future research, and (ii) taxonomically harmonized, unified RPP sets for China, Europe, North America, and the whole Northern Hemisphere, generated from the available studies.
Dimitri Osmont, Sandra Brugger, Anina Gilgen, Helga Weber, Michael Sigl, Robin L. Modini, Christoph Schwörer, Willy Tinner, Stefan Wunderle, and Margit Schwikowski
The Cryosphere, 14, 3731–3745, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3731-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3731-2020, 2020
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In this interdisciplinary case study, we were able to link biomass burning emissions from the June 2017 wildfires in Portugal to their deposition in the snowpack at Jungfraujoch, Swiss Alps. We analysed black carbon and charcoal in the snowpack, calculated backward trajectories, and monitored the fire evolution by remote sensing. Such case studies help to understand the representativity of biomass burning records in ice cores and how biomass burning tracers are archived in the snowpack.
Suzanne Alice Ghislaine Leroy, Klaus Arpe, Uwe Mikolajewicz, and Jing Wu
Clim. Past, 16, 2039–2054, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2039-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2039-2020, 2020
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The biodiversity of temperate deciduous trees in eastern Asia is greater than in Europe. During the peak of the last ice age, their distribution was obtained based on pollen data literature. A climate model, after validation on the present, was used to calculate the potential distribution of such trees in the past. It shows that the shift of the tree belt was only 2° latitude to the south. Moreover, greater population connectivity was shown for the Yellow Sea and southern Himalayas.
Heike H. Zimmermann, Kathleen R. Stoof-Leichsenring, Stefan Kruse, Juliane Müller, Ruediger Stein, Ralf Tiedemann, and Ulrike Herzschuh
Ocean Sci., 16, 1017–1032, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-16-1017-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-16-1017-2020, 2020
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This study targets high-resolution, diatom-specific sedimentary ancient DNA using a DNA metabarcoding approach. Diatom DNA has been preserved with substantial taxonomic richness in the eastern Fram Strait over the past 30 000 years with taxonomic composition being dominated by cold-water and sea-ice-associated diatoms. Taxonomic reorganisations took place after the Last Glacial Maximum and after the Younger Dryas. Peak proportions of pennate diatoms might indicate past sea-ice presence.
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Short summary
The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) contains pollen counts and associated metadata for 8134 modern pollen samples from across the Eurasian region. The EMPD is part of, and complementary to, the European Pollen Database (EPD) which contains data on fossil pollen found in Late Quaternary sedimentary archives. The purpose of the EMPD is to provide calibration datasets and other data to support palaeoecological research on past climates and vegetation cover over the Quaternary period.
The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) contains pollen counts and associated metadata for...
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