Articles | Volume 10, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-1551-2018
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-1551-2018
Review article
 | 
28 Aug 2018
Review article |  | 28 Aug 2018

Global sea-level budget 1993–present

WCRP Global Sea Level Budget Group

Related authors

Regional sea level budget over 2004–2022
Marie Bouih, Anne Barnoud, Chunxue Yang, Andrea Storto, Alejandro Blazquez, William Llovel, Robin Fraudeau, and Anny Cazenave
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3945,https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3945, 2025
Short summary
Assessment of pluri-annual and decadal changes in terrestrial water storage predicted by global hydrological models in comparison with the GRACE satellite gravity mission
Julia Pfeffer, Anny Cazenave, Alejandro Blazquez, Bertrand Decharme, Simon Munier, and Anne Barnoud
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 3743–3768, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3743-2023,https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3743-2023, 2023
Short summary
ESD Ideas: A 6-year oscillation in the whole Earth system?
Anny Cazenave, Julia Pfeffer, Mioara Mandea, and Veronique Dehant
Earth Syst. Dynam., 14, 733–735, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-14-733-2023,https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-14-733-2023, 2023
Short summary
Revisiting the global mean ocean mass budget over 2005–2020
Anne Barnoud, Julia Pfeffer, Anny Cazenave, Robin Fraudeau, Victor Rousseau, and Michaël Ablain
Ocean Sci., 19, 321–334, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-321-2023,https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-321-2023, 2023
Short summary
Global sea-level budget and ocean-mass budget, with a focus on advanced data products and uncertainty characterisation
Martin Horwath, Benjamin D. Gutknecht, Anny Cazenave, Hindumathi Kulaiappan Palanisamy, Florence Marti, Ben Marzeion​​​​​​​, Frank Paul, Raymond Le Bris, Anna E. Hogg, Inès Otosaka, Andrew Shepherd, Petra Döll, Denise Cáceres, Hannes Müller Schmied, Johnny A. Johannessen, Jan Even Øie Nilsen, Roshin P. Raj, René Forsberg, Louise Sandberg Sørensen, Valentina R. Barletta, Sebastian B. Simonsen, Per Knudsen, Ole Baltazar Andersen, Heidi Ranndal, Stine K. Rose, Christopher J. Merchant, Claire R. Macintosh, Karina von Schuckmann, Kristin Novotny​​​​​​​, Andreas Groh, Marco Restano, and Jérôme Benveniste
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 411–447, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-411-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-411-2022, 2022
Short summary

Related subject area

Physical oceanography
Gap-filled sub-surface mooring dataset off Western Australia during 2010–2023
Toan Bui, Ming Feng, and Christopher C. Chapman
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1693–1705, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1693-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1693-2025, 2025
Short summary
The International Altimetry Service 2024 (IAS2024) coastal sea level dataset and first evaluations
Fukai Peng, Xiaoli Deng, Yunzhong Shen, and Xiao Cheng
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1441–1460, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1441-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1441-2025, 2025
Short summary
Global ocean surface heat fluxes derived from the maximum entropy production framework accounting for ocean heat storage and Bowen ratio adjustments
Yong Yang, Huaiwei Sun, Jingfeng Wang, Wenxin Zhang, Gang Zhao, Weiguang Wang, Lei Cheng, Lu Chen, Hui Qin, and Zhanzhang Cai
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1191–1216, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1191-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1191-2025, 2025
Short summary
A European database of resources on coastal storm impacts
Paola Emilia Souto-Ceccon, Juan Montes, Enrico Duo, Paolo Ciavola, Tomás Fernández-Montblanc, and Clara Armaroli
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1041–1054, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1041-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1041-2025, 2025
Short summary
Multi-year observations of near-bed hydrodynamics and suspended sediment at the core of the estuarine turbidity maximum of the Changjiang Estuary
Zaiyang Zhou, Jianzhong Ge, Dirk Sebastiaan van Maren, Hualong Luan, Wenyun Guo, Jianfei Ma, Yingjia Tao, Peng Xu, Fuhai Dao, Wanlun Yang, Keteng Ke, Shenyang Shi, Jingting Zhang, Yu Kuai, Cheng Li, Jinghua Gu, and Pingxing Ding
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 917–935, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-917-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-917-2025, 2025
Short summary

Cited articles

A, G. and Chambers, D. P.: Calculating trends from GRACE in the presence of large changes in continental ice storage and ocean mass, Geophys. J. Int., 272, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2008.04012.x, 2008.
A, G., Wahr, J., and Zhong, S.: Computations of the viscoelastic response of a 3-D compressible Earth to surface loading: an application to Glacial Isostatic Adjustment in Antarctica and Canada, Geophys. J. Int., 192.2, 557–572, 2013.
Ablain, M., Cazenave, A., Valladeau, G., and Guinehut, S.: A New Assessment of the Error Budget of Global Mean Sea Level Rate Estimated by Satellite Altimetry over 1993–2008, Ocean Sci., European Geosciences Union, 2009, 5, 193–201, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-5-193-2009, 2009.
Ablain, M., Philipps, S., Urvoy, M., Tran, N., and Picot, N.: Detection of Long-Term Instabilities on Altimeter Backscatter Coefficient Thanks to Wind Speed Data Comparisons from Altimeters and Models, Mar. Geod., 35 (sup1), 258–75, https://doi.org/10.1080/01490419.2012.718675, 2012.
Ablain, M., Cazenave, A., Larnicol, G., Balmaseda, M., Cipollini, P., Faugère, Y., Fernandes, M. J., Henry, O., Johannessen, J. A., Knudsen, P., and Andersen, O.: Improved Sea Level Record over the Satellite Altimetry Era (1993–2010) from the Climate Change Initiative Project, Ocean Sci., 11, 67–82, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-11-67-2015, 2015.
Download
Short summary
Global mean sea level is an integral of changes occurring in the climate system in response to unforced climate variability as well as natural and anthropogenic forcing factors. Studying the sea level budget, i.e., comparing observed global mean sea level to the sum of components (ocean thermal expansion, glaciers and ice sheet mass loss as well as changes in land water storage) improves our understanding of processes at work and provides constraints on missing contributions (e.g., deep ocean).
Share
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint