Articles | Volume 13, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-671-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-671-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description paper
| 
26 Feb 2021
Data description paper |
| 26 Feb 2021
| 26 Feb 2021
A novel hydrographic gridded data set for the northern Antarctic Peninsula
Tiago S. Dotto
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Laboratório de Estudos dos Oceanos e Clima, Instituto de
Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
now at: Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of
Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
Laboratório de Estudos dos Oceanos e Clima, Instituto de
Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanologia, Instituto de
Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
Laboratório de Estudos dos Oceanos e Clima, Instituto de
Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanologia, Instituto de
Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
Carlos A. E. Garcia
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Laboratório de Estudos dos Oceanos e Clima, Instituto de
Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanologia, Instituto de
Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
Related authors
Christian T. Wild, Tasha Snow, Tiago S. Dotto, Peter E. D. Davis, Scott Tyler, Ted A. Scambos, Erin C. Pettit, and Karen J. Heywood
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1675, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1675, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Thwaites Glacier is retreating due to warm ocean water melting it from below, but its thick ice shelf makes this heat hard to monitor. Using hot water drilling, we placed sensors beneath the floating ice, revealing how surface freezing in Pine Island Bay influences heat at depth. Alongside gradual warming, we found bursts of heat that could speed up melting at the grounding zone, which may become more common as sea ice declines.
Shenjie Zhou, Pierre Dutrieux, Claudia F. Giulivi, Adrian Jenkins, Alessandro Silvano, Christopher Auckland, E. Povl Abrahamsen, Michael P. Meredith, Irena Vaňková, Keith W. Nicholls, Peter E. D. Davis, Svein Østerhus, Arnold L. Gordon, Christopher J. Zappa, Tiago S. Dotto, Theodore A. Scambos, Kathyrn L. Gunn, Stephen R. Rintoul, Shigeru Aoki, Craig Stevens, Chengyan Liu, Sukyoung Yun, Tae-Wan Kim, Won Sang Lee, Markus Janout, Tore Hattermann, Julius Lauber, Elin Darelius, Anna Wåhlin, Leo Middleton, Pasquale Castagno, Giorgio Budillon, Karen J. Heywood, Jennifer Graham, Stephen Dye, Daisuke Hirano, and Una Kim Miller
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-54, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-54, 2025
Preprint under review for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
We created the first standardised dataset of in-situ ocean measurements time series from around Antarctica collected since 1970s. This includes temperature, salinity, pressure, and currents recorded by instruments deployed in icy, challenging conditions. Our analysis highlights the dominance of tidal currents and separates these from other patterns to study regional energy distribution. This unique dataset offers a foundation for future research on Antarctic ocean dynamics and ice interactions.
T. S. Dotto, R. Kerr, M. M. Mata, M. Azaneu, I. Wainer, E. Fahrbach, and G. Rohardt
Ocean Sci., 10, 523–546, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-523-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-523-2014, 2014
Christian T. Wild, Tasha Snow, Tiago S. Dotto, Peter E. D. Davis, Scott Tyler, Ted A. Scambos, Erin C. Pettit, and Karen J. Heywood
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1675, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1675, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Thwaites Glacier is retreating due to warm ocean water melting it from below, but its thick ice shelf makes this heat hard to monitor. Using hot water drilling, we placed sensors beneath the floating ice, revealing how surface freezing in Pine Island Bay influences heat at depth. Alongside gradual warming, we found bursts of heat that could speed up melting at the grounding zone, which may become more common as sea ice declines.
Shenjie Zhou, Pierre Dutrieux, Claudia F. Giulivi, Adrian Jenkins, Alessandro Silvano, Christopher Auckland, E. Povl Abrahamsen, Michael P. Meredith, Irena Vaňková, Keith W. Nicholls, Peter E. D. Davis, Svein Østerhus, Arnold L. Gordon, Christopher J. Zappa, Tiago S. Dotto, Theodore A. Scambos, Kathyrn L. Gunn, Stephen R. Rintoul, Shigeru Aoki, Craig Stevens, Chengyan Liu, Sukyoung Yun, Tae-Wan Kim, Won Sang Lee, Markus Janout, Tore Hattermann, Julius Lauber, Elin Darelius, Anna Wåhlin, Leo Middleton, Pasquale Castagno, Giorgio Budillon, Karen J. Heywood, Jennifer Graham, Stephen Dye, Daisuke Hirano, and Una Kim Miller
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-54, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-54, 2025
Preprint under review for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
We created the first standardised dataset of in-situ ocean measurements time series from around Antarctica collected since 1970s. This includes temperature, salinity, pressure, and currents recorded by instruments deployed in icy, challenging conditions. Our analysis highlights the dominance of tidal currents and separates these from other patterns to study regional energy distribution. This unique dataset offers a foundation for future research on Antarctic ocean dynamics and ice interactions.
Wilton Aguiar, Mauricio M. Mata, and Rodrigo Kerr
Ocean Sci., 13, 851–872, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-13-851-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-13-851-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
In ocean models, Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) formation is frequently misrepresented. Hence, assessing the causes of spurious formation is important to ensure accurate future simulations. Only one of the state-of-art reanalyses investigated showed AABW formation accurately. Spurious formation in the other two products resulted from opening of open ocean polynyas. The relatively accurate AABW formation in one of the products is an important advance in the simulation of deep ocean circulation.
G. S. Pilo, M. M. Mata, and J. L. L. Azevedo
Ocean Sci., 11, 629–641, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-11-629-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-11-629-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Oceanic eddies are closed circulation features that transport water between regions, taking part in the ocean's heat and salt balance. We perform a comparative eddy census in the East Australian, Agulhas and Brazil currents. We find that eddy propagation in all systems is steered by the local mean flow and bathymetry. Also, eddies present a geographic segregation according to size. Investigating eddy propagation helps us to better understand their effect in local mixing.
M. Azaneu, R. Kerr, and M. M. Mata
Ocean Sci., 10, 923–946, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-923-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-923-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
We analyzed the ability of the ECCO2 reanalysis to represent the hydrographic properties and variability of Antarctic Bottom Water in the Southern Ocean. After 2004, the opening of an oceanic polynya in the Weddell Sea sector and consequent intense dense water production leads to an unrealistic scenario. Even before 2004, bottom waters are warmer and less dense than expected, while the absolute volume transport and velocity estimates are underrepresented.
J. M. Marson, I. Wainer, M. M. Mata, and Z. Liu
Clim. Past, 10, 1723–1734, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1723-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1723-2014, 2014
A. Castagna, H. Evangelista, L. G. Tilstra, and R. Kerr
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-11671-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-11671-2014, 2014
Revised manuscript not accepted
T. S. Dotto, R. Kerr, M. M. Mata, M. Azaneu, I. Wainer, E. Fahrbach, and G. Rohardt
Ocean Sci., 10, 523–546, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-523-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-523-2014, 2014
Related subject area
Physical oceanography
A high-resolution temperature–salinity dataset observed by autonomous underwater vehicles for the evolution of mesoscale eddies and associated submesoscale processes in the South China Sea
A global daily mesoscale front dataset from satellite observations: in situ validation and cross-dataset comparison
ASM-SS: the first quasi-global high-spatial-resolution coastal storm surge dataset reconstructed from tide gauge records
Expendable bathythermograph (XBT) data collected along the Southern Ocean chokepoint between Aotearoa / New Zealand and Antarctica, 1994–2024
HHU24SWDSCS: a shallow-water depth model over island areas in the South China Sea retrieved from satellite-derived bathymetry
Gap-filled sub-surface mooring dataset off Western Australia during 2010–2023
The International Altimetry Service 2024 (IAS2024) coastal sea level dataset and first evaluations
Hydrodynamic and Atmospheric Conditions in a Volcanic Caldera: A Comprehensive Dataset at Deception Island, Antarctica
Global ocean surface heat fluxes derived from the maximum entropy production framework accounting for ocean heat storage and Bowen ratio adjustments
A European database of resources on coastal storm impacts
Multi-year observations of near-bed hydrodynamics and suspended sediment at the core of the estuarine turbidity maximum of the Changjiang Estuary
Surface current variability in the East Australian Current from long-term high-frequency radar observations
SDUST2023VGGA: a global ocean vertical gradient of gravity anomaly model determined from multidirectional data from mean sea surface
The Italian contribution to the Synoptic Arctic Survey programme: the 2021 CASSANDRA cruise (LB21) through the Greenland Sea Gyre along the 75°N transect
A revisiting of early 18th century environmental data to identify Gulf of Lion properties before the industrial era
Satellite-based Analysis of Ocean-Surface Stress across the Ice-free and Ice-covered Polar Oceans
A new multi-grid bathymetric dataset of the Gulf of Naples (Italy) from complementary multi-beam echo sounders
A New-Generation Internal Tide Model Based on 30 Years of Satellite Sea Surface Height Measurements
A submesoscale eddy identification dataset in the northwest Pacific Ocean derived from GOCI I chlorophyll a data based on deep learning
MASCS 1.0: synchronous atmospheric and oceanic data from a cross-shaped moored array in the northern South China Sea during 2014–2015
Reprocessing of eXpendable BathyThermograph (XBT) profiles from the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas over the time period 1999–2019 with a full metadata upgrade
Coastal Atmosphere and Sea Time Series (CoASTS) and Bio-Optical mapping of Marine Properties (BiOMaP): the CoASTS-BiOMaP dataset
Spatio-temporal changes in China's mainland shorelines over 30 years using Landsat time series data (1990–2019)
ISASO2: recent trends and regional patterns of ocean dissolved oxygen change
Constructing a 22-year internal wave dataset for the northern South China Sea: spatiotemporal analysis using MODIS imagery and deep learning
Near-real-time atmospheric and oceanic science products of Himawari-8 and Himawari-9 geostationary satellites over the South China Sea
ReefTEMPS: The Pacific Islands Coastal Temperature Network
High-resolution observations of the ocean upper layer south of Cape St. Vincent, the western northern margin of the Gulf of Cádiz
Catalogue of coastal-based instances with bathymetric and topographic data
Oceanographic monitoring in Hornsund fjord, Svalbard
Salinity and Stratification at the Sea Ice Edge (SASSIE): an oceanographic field campaign in the Beaufort Sea
Weekly green tide mapping in the Yellow Sea with deep learning: integrating optical and synthetic aperture radar ocean imagery
30 months dataset of glider physico-chemical data off Mayotte Island near the Fani Maoré volcano
IAPv4 ocean temperature and ocean heat content gridded dataset
Probabilistic reconstruction of sea-level changes and their causes since 1900
Global Coastal Characteristics (GCC): a global dataset of geophysical, hydrodynamic, and socioeconomic coastal indicators
Insights from a topo-bathymetric and oceanographic dataset for coastal flooding studies: the French Flooding Prevention Action Program of Saint-Malo
Gap-filling techniques applied to the GOCI-derived daily sea surface salinity product for the Changjiang diluted water front in the East China Sea
A daily reconstructed chlorophyll-a dataset in the South China Sea from MODIS using OI-SwinUnet
Underwater light environment in Arctic fjords
Multiyear surface wave dataset from the subsurface “DeepLev” eastern Levantine moored station
SDUST2020MGCR: a global marine gravity change rate model determined from multi-satellite altimeter data
Lagrangian surface drifter observations in the North Sea: an overview of high-resolution tidal dynamics and surface currents
The physical and biogeochemical parameters along the coastal waters of Saudi Arabia during field surveys in summer, 2021
A Lagrangian coherent eddy atlas for biogeochemical applications in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
Global marine gravity gradient tensor inverted from altimetry-derived deflections of the vertical: CUGB2023GRAD
Reconstruction of hourly coastal water levels and counterfactuals without sea level rise for impact attribution
3D reconstruction of horizontal and vertical quasi-geostrophic currents in the North Atlantic Ocean
Laboratory data linking the reconfiguration of and drag on individual plants to the velocity structure and wave dissipation over a meadow of salt marsh plants under waves with and without current
Exploring multi-decadal time series of temperature extremes in Australian coastal waters
Chunhua Qiu, Zhenyang Du, Haibo Tang, Zhenhui Yi, Jiawei Qiao, Dongxiao Wang, Xiaoming Zhai, and Wenbo Wang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 3189–3202, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-3189-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-3189-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The high-resolution autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) dataset for the South China Sea (SCS) provides 13 491 temperature and salinity profiles and covers 463 d of experiments. To our knowledge, the resolution and length of this dataset are enough to detect the asymmetry, vertical tilt, and temporal evolution of mesoscale eddies (MEs) and the corresponding submesoscale processes. The dataset is expected to improve the accuracy of current and biogeochemistry numerical models. More projects conducting AUV experiments will be promoted in the future.
Qinwang Xing, Haiqing Yu, Wei Yu, Xinjun Chen, and Hui Wang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2831–2848, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2831-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2831-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean fronts play a key role in marine ecosystems and often implicitly exist in satellite observations. This work presents the first publicly available daily global front dataset spanning 1982 to 2023, with comprehensive validations using in situ global observations. Our validations enhance confidence in the application of satellite-based front detection and provide independent support for global front occurrence patterns. The dataset is expected to be widely used in front-related studies.
Lianjun Yang, Taoyong Jin, and Weiping Jiang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2793–2807, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2793-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2793-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Storm surges (SSs) cause massive loss of life and property in coastal areas each year. High-spatial-resolution and long-term SS records are important for assessing such events. However, tide gauges can provide limited SS information due to sparse and uneven distributions. Based on artificial intelligence technology and tide gauges, a high-spatial-coverage SS dataset was generated for the period from 1940 to 2020, which can provide possible alternative support for deepening our understanding of SSs.
Giuseppe Aulicino, Antonino Ian Ferola, Laura Fortunato, Giorgio Budillon, Pasquale Castagno, Pierpaolo Falco, Giannetta Fusco, Naomi Krauzig, Giancarlo Spezie, Enrico Zambianchi, and Yuri Cotroneo
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2625–2640, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2625-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2625-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents 30 years of water temperature data from expendable bathythermograph (XBT) probes collected between Aotearoa / New Zealand and the Ross Sea (Antarctica). Gathered during research cruises by the Italian National Antarctic Research Program, the data were rigorously verified and corrected for depth and temperature bias. This dataset provides a valuable insight into the Southern Ocean's climate and enhances satellite observations and ocean models.
Yihao Wu, Hongkai Shi, Dongzhen Jia, Ole Baltazar Andersen, Xiufeng He, Zhicai Luo, Yu Li, Shiyuan Chen, Xiaohuan Si, Sisu Diao, Yihuang Shi, and Yanglin Chen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2463–2488, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2463-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2463-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a high-quality and cost-effective shallow-water depth model for >120 islands in the South China Sea, using ICESat-2 and Sentinel-2 satellite data. This model maps water depths with an accuracy of ~1 m. Our findings highlight the limitations of existing global bathymetry models in shallow regions. Our model exhibited superior performance in capturing fine-scale bathymetric features with unprecedented spatial resolution, providing essential data for marine applications.
Toan Bui, Ming Feng, and Christopher C. Chapman
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1693–1705, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1693-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1693-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Moored time series data are crucial for detecting changes in the ocean. However, mooring losses or instrument failures often result in data gaps. A gap-filled time series dataset of a shelf mooring array off the Western Australian coast is created using a machine learning tool to fill the data gaps. The gap-filled data show consistency with observations and can be used to characterize marine heat waves and cold spells influenced by ocean boundary currents.
Fukai Peng, Xiaoli Deng, Yunzhong Shen, and Xiao Cheng
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1441–1460, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1441-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1441-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
A new reprocessed altimeter coastal sea level dataset, International Altimetry Service 2024 (IAS2024), for monitoring sea level changes along the world’s coastlines is presented. The evaluation and validation results confirm the reliability of this dataset. The altimeter-based virtual stations along the world’s coastlines can be built using this dataset to monitor the coastal sea level changes where tide gauges are unavailable. Therefore, it is beneficial for both oceanographic communities and policymakers.
Francesco Ferrari, Carmen Zarzuelo, Alejandro López-Ruiz, and Andrea Lira-Loarca
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-92, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-92, 2025
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents a high-resolution, open-access dataset for Deception Island, Antarctica, covering 2005–2020. Using WRF and DELFT3D models, it includes 161 atmospheric variables (e.g., wind, precipitation, pressure) and hydrodynamic data (e.g., sea surface height, currents, wave height). Capturing spatial, seasonal, and extreme event variability, it enhances understanding of Antarctic coastal dynamics, supporting research on glacial melt, nutrient transport, and climate change impacts.
Yong Yang, Huaiwei Sun, Jingfeng Wang, Wenxin Zhang, Gang Zhao, Weiguang Wang, Lei Cheng, Lu Chen, Hui Qin, and Zhanzhang Cai
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1191–1216, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1191-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1191-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Traditional methods for estimating ocean heat flux often introduce large uncertainties due to complex parameterizations. To tackle this issue, we developed a novel framework based on maximum entropy production (MEP) theory. By incorporating heat storage effects and refining the Bowen ratio, we enhanced the MEP method's accuracy. This research derives a new long-term global ocean latent heat flux dataset that offers high accuracy, enhancing our understanding of ocean energy dynamics.
Paola Emilia Souto-Ceccon, Juan Montes, Enrico Duo, Paolo Ciavola, Tomás Fernández-Montblanc, and Clara Armaroli
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1041–1054, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1041-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1041-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This dataset supports the growing need for information on coastal storm impacts. It covers different European countries and is an open-access tool that can be exploited, updated, or complemented by different users and for different purposes. Via labelling with unique identifiers, the database allows for a quick and consistent retrieval of all of the resources associated with a storm event. The adopted approach can be easily exported to all European countries and beyond.
Zaiyang Zhou, Jianzhong Ge, Dirk Sebastiaan van Maren, Hualong Luan, Wenyun Guo, Jianfei Ma, Yingjia Tao, Peng Xu, Fuhai Dao, Wanlun Yang, Keteng Ke, Shenyang Shi, Jingting Zhang, Yu Kuai, Cheng Li, Jinghua Gu, and Pingxing Ding
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 917–935, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-917-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-917-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The North Passage (NP) is the primary navigation channel of the Changjiang Estuary, supporting the shipping needs of Shanghai and its surrounding regions. To enhance our understanding of hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics of the NP, a multi-year field observation campaign was designed and conducted from 2015 to 2018. This campaign improves the temporal and spatial coverage compared to previous observations, enabling more detailed investigations of this important channel system.
Manh Cuong Tran, Moninya Roughan, and Amandine Schaeffer
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 937–963, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-937-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-937-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The East Australian Current (EAC) plays an important role in the marine ecosystem and climate of the region. To understand the EAC regime and the inner shelf dynamics, we implement a variational approach to produce the first multiyear coastal radar dataset (2012–2023) in this region. The validated data allow for a comprehensive investigation of the EAC dynamics. This dataset will be useful for understanding the complex EAC regime and its far-reaching impacts on the shelf environment.
Ruichen Zhou, Jinyun Guo, Shaoshuai Ya, Heping Sun, and Xin Liu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 817–836, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-817-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-817-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
SDUST2023VGGA is a high-resolution (1' × 1') model developed to map the ocean's vertical gradient of gravity anomaly. By using multidirectional mean sea surface data, it reduces the impact of ocean dynamics and provides detailed global gravity anomaly change rates. This model provides critical insights into seafloor structures and ocean mass distribution, contributing to research in marine geophysics and oceanography. The dataset is freely available on Zenodo.
Manuel Bensi, Giuseppe Civitarese, Diego Borme, Carmela Caroppo, Gabriella Caruso, Federica Cerino, Franco Decembrini, Alessandra de Olazabal, Tommaso Diociaiuti, Michele Giani, Vedrana Kovacevic, Martina Kralj, Angelina Lo Giudice, Giovanna Maimone, Marina Monti, Maria Papale, Luisa Patrolecco, Elisa Putelli, Alessandro Ciro Rappazzo, Federica Relitti, Carmen Rizzo, Francesca Spataro, Valentina Tirelli, Clara Turetta, and Maurizio Azzaro
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-37, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-37, 2025
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
In September 2021, the Italian Arctic Research Programme funded a multidisciplinary study along the 75° N in the Greenland Sea as part of the CASSANDRA project and the Synoptic Arctic Survey programme. The study emphasises the spatial variability of water properties, nutrient distribution and biological communities determined by oceanographic dynamics, in a region influenced by sea ice melting, Atlantic water inflow and climatic teleconnections during a record low summer sea ice extent.
Marina Locritani, Sara Garvani, Giuseppe Manzella, Giancarlo Tamburello, and Antonio Guarnieri
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-53, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-53, 2025
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
The Histoire Physique de la Mer, written by L.F. Marsili in 1725, was one of the first treatises to analyse the science of the sea. However, it is difficult to understand Marsili's original data. This paper has undertaken a major effort to re-evaluate Marsili's observations, converting historical measurements into modern units: water weight in water density, bathymetric profiles mapping the locations where these measurements were made, and sea level variations, considering the associated error.
Chao Liu and Lisan Yu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-14, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-14, 2025
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
A daily dataset on ocean-surface stress is synthesized for both ice-covered and ice-free Arctic and Antarctic areas. It is based on satellite data on ocean winds, ice movement, and sea surface height. Sensitivity analyses address uncertainties, including variations in sea level products and ice-water drag. The dataset's accuracy is validated against in situ measurements, showing moderate to good agreement on monthly and longer timescales.
Federica Foglini, Marzia Rovere, Renato Tonielli, Giorgio Castellan, Mariacristina Prampolini, Francesca Budillon, Marco Cuffaro, Gabriella Di Martino, Valentina Grande, Sara Innangi, Maria Filomena Loreto, Leonardo Langone, Fantina Madricardo, Alessandra Mercorella, Paolo Montagna, Camilla Palmiotto, Claudio Pellegrini, Antonio Petrizzo, Lorenzo Petracchini, Alessandro Remia, Marco Sacchi, Daphnie Sanchez Galvez, Anna Nora Tassetti, and Fabio Trincardi
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 181–203, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-181-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-181-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In 2022, the new CNR research vessel Gaia Blu explored the seabed of the Naples and Pozzuoli gulfs and the Amalfi coastal area (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) from 50–2000 m water depth, covering 5000 m2 of seafloor. This paper describes data acquisition and processing and provides maps in unprecedented detail of this area affected by geological changes and human impacts. The findings support future geological and geomorphological investigations and mapping and monitoring of the seafloor and habitats.
Zhongxiang Zhao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-611, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-611, 2025
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Internal tides are generated by barotropic tidal currents flowing over variable topography. They play an important role in a variety of ocean processes such as diapycnal mixing and tracer transport. A global internal tide model is developed using 30 years of satellite altimetry data and a new mapping technique. It decomposes the internal tide field into 60 plane waves at each point, giving numerous long-range beams that contain key information on their generation, propagation, and dissipation.
Yan Wang, Ge Chen, Jie Yang, Zhipeng Gui, and Dehua Peng
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 5737–5752, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5737-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5737-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Mesoscale eddies are ubiquitous in the ocean and account for 90 % of its kinetic energy, but their generation and dissipation are difficult to observe using current remote sensing technology. Our submesoscale eddy dataset, formed by suppressing large-scale circulation signals and enhancing small-scale chlorophyll structures, has important implications for understanding marine environments and ecosystems, as well as improving climate model predictions.
Han Zhang, Dake Chen, Tongya Liu, Di Tian, Min He, Qi Li, Guofei Wei, and Jian Liu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 5665–5679, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5665-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5665-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper provides a cross-shaped moored array dataset (MASCS 1.0) of observations that consist of five buoys and four moorings in the northern South China Sea from 2014 to 2015. The moored array is influenced by atmospheric forcings such as tropical cyclones and monsoon as well as oceanic tides and flows. The data reveal variations of the air–sea interface and the ocean itself, which are valuable for studies of air–sea interactions and ocean dynamics in the northern South China Sea.
Simona Simoncelli, Franco Reseghetti, Claudia Fratianni, Lijing Cheng, and Giancarlo Raiteri
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 5531–5561, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5531-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5531-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This data review is about the reprocessing of historical eXpendable BathyThermograp (XBT) profiles from the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas over the time period 1999–2019. A new automated quality control analysis has been performed starting from the original raw data and operational log sheets. The data have been formatted and standardized according to the latest community best practices, and all available metadata have been inserted, including calibration information and uncertainty specification.
Giuseppe Zibordi and Jean-François Berthon
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 5477–5502, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5477-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5477-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Coastal Atmosphere and Sea Time Series (CoASTS) and Bio-Optical mapping of Marine Properties (BiOMaP) programs produced bio-optical data supporting satellite ocean color applications across European seas for almost 2 decades. CoASTS and BiOMaP applied equal standardized instruments, measurement methods, quality control schemes and processing codes to ensure temporal and spatial consistency with data products.
Gang Yang, Ke Huang, Lin Zhu, Weiwei Sun, Chao Chen, Xiangchao Meng, Lihua Wang, and Yong Ge
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 5311–5331, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5311-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5311-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Continuous monitoring of shoreline dynamics is critical to understanding the drivers of shoreline change and evolution. This study uses long-term sequences of Landsat Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM), Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), and Operational Land Imager (OLI) images to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of the coastlines of Hainan, mainland China, Taiwan, and other countries from 1990 to 2019.
Nicolas Kolodziejczyk, Esther Portela, Virginie Thierry, and Annaig Prigent
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 5191–5206, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5191-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5191-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Oceanic dissolved oxygen (DO) is fundamental for ocean biogeochemical cycles and marine life. To ease the computation of the ocean oxygen budget from in situ DO data, mapping of data on a regular 3D grid is useful. Here, we present a new DO gridded product from the Argo database. We compare it with existing DO mapping from a historical dataset. We suggest that the ocean has generally been losing oxygen since the 1980s, but large interannual and regional variabilities should be considered.
Xudong Zhang and Xiaofeng Li
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 5131–5144, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5131-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5131-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Internal wave (IW) is an important ocean process and is frequently observed in the South China Sea (SCS). This study presents a detailed IW dataset for the northern SCS spanning from 2000 to 2022, with a spatial resolution of 250 m, comprising 3085 IW MODIS images. This dataset can enhance understanding of IW dynamics and serve as a valuable resource for studying ocean dynamics, validating numerical models, and advancing AI-driven model building, fostering further exploration into IW phenomena.
Jian Liu, Jingjing Yu, Chuyong Lin, Min He, Haiyan Liu, Wei Wang, and Min Min
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4949–4969, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4949-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4949-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Japanese Himawari-8 and Himawari-9 (H8/9) geostationary (GEO) satellites are strategically positioned over the South China Sea (SCS), spanning from 3 November 2022 to the present. They mainly provide cloud mask, fraction, height, phase, optical, and microphysical property; layered precipitable water; and sea surface temperature products within a temporal resolution of 10 min and a gridded resolution of 0.05° × 0.05°.
Romain Le Gendre, David Varillon, Sylvie Fiat, Régis Hocdé, Antoine De Ramon N'Yeurt, Jérôme Aucan, Sophie Cravatte, Maxime Duphil, Alexandre Ganachaud, Baptiste Gaudron, Elodie Kestenare, Vetea Liao, Bernard Pelletier, Alexandre Peltier, Anne-Lou Schaefer, Thomas Trophime, Simon Van Wynsberge, Yves Dandonneau, Michel Allenbach, and Christophe Menkes
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-394, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-394, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Due to ocean warming, coral reef ecosystems are strongly impacted with dystrophic events and corals experiencing increasing frequencies of bleaching events. In-situ observation remains the best alternative for accurate characterization of trends and extremes in these shallow environments. This paper presents the coastal temperature dataset of the ReefTEMPS monitoring network which spreads over multiple Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTS) in the Western and Central South Pacific.
Sarah A. Rautenbach, Carlos Mendes de Sousa, Mafalda Carapuço, and Paulo Relvas
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4641–4654, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4641-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4641-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This article presents the data of a 4-month observation of the Iberian Margin Cape St. Vincent ocean observatory, in Portugal (2022), a European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water column Observatory node. Three instruments at depths between 150 and 200 m collected physical/biogeochemical parameters at different spatial and temporal scales. EMSO-ERIC aims at developing strategies to enable sustainable ocean observation with regards to costs, time, and resolution.
Owein Thuillier, Nicolas Le Josse, Alexandru-Liviu Olteanu, Marc Sevaux, and Hervé Tanguy
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4529–4556, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4529-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4529-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our study unveils a comprehensive catalogue of 17 700 unique coastal digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) as of 2022. These DEMs are designed to support a variety of scientific and educational purposes. Organised into three libraries, they cover a wide range of coastal geometries and different sizes. Data and custom colour palettes for visualisation are made freely available online, promoting open science and collaboration.
Meri Korhonen, Mateusz Moskalik, Oskar Głowacki, and Vineet Jain
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4511–4527, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4511-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4511-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Since 2015, temperature and salinity have been monitored in Hornsund fjord (Svalbard), where retreating glaciers add meltwater and terrestrial matter to coastal waters. Therefore, turbidity and water sampling for suspended sediment concentration and sediment deposition are measured. The monitoring spans from May to October, enabling studies on seasonality and its variability over the years, and the dataset covers the whole fjord, including the inner basins in close proximity to the glaciers.
Kyla Drushka, Elizabeth Westbrook, Frederick M. Bingham, Peter Gaube, Suzanne Dickinson, Severine Fournier, Viviane Menezes, Sidharth Misra, Jaynice Pérez Valentín, Edwin J. Rainville, Julian J. Schanze, Carlyn Schmidgall, Andrey Shcherbina, Michael Steele, Jim Thomson, and Seth Zippel
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4209–4242, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4209-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4209-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The NASA SASSIE mission aims to understand the role of salinity in modifying sea ice formation in early autumn. The 2022 SASSIE campaign collected measurements of upper-ocean properties, including stratification (layering of the ocean) and air–sea fluxes in the Beaufort Sea. These data are presented here and made publicly available on the NASA Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center (PO.DAAC), along with code to manipulate the data and generate the figures presented herein.
Le Gao, Yuan Guo, and Xiaofeng Li
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4189–4207, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4189-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4189-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Since 2008, the Yellow Sea has faced a significant ecological issue, the green tide, which has become one of the world's largest marine disasters. Satellite remote sensing plays a pivotal role in detecting this phenomenon. This study uses AI-based models to extract the daily green tide from MODIS and SAR images and integrates these daily data to introduce a continuous weekly dataset, which aids research in disaster simulation, forecasting, and prevention.
Alexandre Heumann, Félix Margirier, Emmanuel Rinnert, Pascale Lherminier, Carla Scalabrin, Louis Geli, Orens Pasqueron de Fommervault, and Laurent Beguery
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-377, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-377, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Following an seismic crisis in May 2018 in Mayotte, an observation network has been created with the given objective of monitoring this volcanic phenomena. A SeaExplorer glider has been deployed to supplement the data obtained during a series of oceanographic surveys. The glider performed a continuous monitoring of 30 months of the water column from the sea surface to 1250 meters water depth with the objective to acquire hydrological properties, water currents and dissolved gas concentrations.
Lijing Cheng, Yuying Pan, Zhetao Tan, Huayi Zheng, Yujing Zhu, Wangxu Wei, Juan Du, Huifeng Yuan, Guancheng Li, Hanlin Ye, Viktor Gouretski, Yuanlong Li, Kevin E. Trenberth, John Abraham, Yuchun Jin, Franco Reseghetti, Xiaopei Lin, Bin Zhang, Gengxin Chen, Michael E. Mann, and Jiang Zhu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3517–3546, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3517-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3517-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Observational gridded products are essential for understanding the ocean, the atmosphere, and climate change; they support policy decisions and socioeconomic developments. This study provides an update of an ocean subsurface temperature and ocean heat content gridded product, named the IAPv4 data product, which is available for the upper 6000 m (119 levels) since 1940 (more reliable after ~1955) for monthly and 1° × 1° temporal and spatial resolutions.
Sönke Dangendorf, Qiang Sun, Thomas Wahl, Philip Thompson, Jerry X. Mitrovica, and Ben Hamlington
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3471–3494, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3471-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3471-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Sea-level information from the global ocean is sparse in time and space, with comprehensive data being limited to the period since 2005. Here we provide a novel reconstruction of sea level and its contributing causes, as determined by a Kalman smoother approach applied to tide gauge records over the period 1900–2021. The new reconstruction shows a continuing acceleration in global mean sea-level rise since 1970 that is dominated by melting land ice. Contributors vary significantly by region.
Panagiotis Athanasiou, Ap van Dongeren, Maarten Pronk, Alessio Giardino, Michalis Vousdoukas, and Roshanka Ranasinghe
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3433–3452, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3433-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3433-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The shape of the coast, the intensity of waves, the height of the water levels, the presence of people or critical infrastructure, and the land use are important information to assess the vulnerability of the coast to coastal hazards. Here, we provide 80 indicators of this kind at consistent locations along the global ice-free coastline using open-access global datasets. These can be valuable for quick assessments of the vulnerability of the coast and at data-poor locations.
Léo Seyfried, Laurie Biscara, Héloïse Michaud, Fabien Leckler, Audrey Pasquet, Marc Pezerat, and Clément Gicquel
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3345–3367, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3345-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3345-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In Saint-Malo, France, an initiative to enhance marine submersion prevention began in 2018. Shom conducted an extensive sea campaign, mapping the bay's topography and exploring coastal processes. High-resolution data improve knowledge of the interactions between waves, tide and surge and determine processes responsible for submersion. Beyond science, these findings contribute crucially to a local warning system, providing a tangible solution to protect the community from coastal threats.
Jisun Shin, Dae-Won Kim, So-Hyun Kim, Gi Seop Lee, Boo-Keun Khim, and Young-Heon Jo
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3193–3211, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3193-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3193-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We overcame the limitations of satellite and reanalysis sea surface salinity (SSS) datasets and produced a gap-free gridded SSS product with reasonable accuracy and a spatial resolution of 1 km using a machine learning model. Our data enabled the recognition of SSS distribution and movement patterns of the Changjiang diluted water (CDW) front in the East China Sea (ECS) during summer. These results will further advance our understanding and monitoring of long-term SSS variations in the ECS.
Haibin Ye, Chaoyu Yang, Yuan Dong, Shilin Tang, and Chuqun Chen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3125–3147, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3125-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3125-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A deep-learning model for gap-filling based on expected variance was developed. OI-SwinUnet achieves good performance reconstructing chlorophyll-a concentration data on the South China Sea. The reconstructed dataset depicts both the spatiotemporal patterns at the seasonal scale and a fast-change process at the weather scale. Reconstructed data show chlorophyll perturbations of individual eddies at different life stages, giving academics a unique and complete perspective on eddy studies.
Robert W. Schlegel, Rakesh Kumar Singh, Bernard Gentili, Simon Bélanger, Laura Castro de la Guardia, Dorte Krause-Jensen, Cale A. Miller, Mikael Sejr, and Jean-Pierre Gattuso
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2773–2788, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2773-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2773-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Fjords play a vital role in the Arctic ecosystems and human communities. It is therefore important to have as clear of an understanding of the processes within these systems as possible. While temperature and salinity tend to be well measured, light is usually not. The dataset described in this paper uses remotely sensed data from 2003 to 2022 to address this problem by providing high-spatial-resolution surface, water column, and seafloor light data for several well-studied Arctic fjords.
Nir Haim, Vika Grigorieva, Rotem Soffer, Boaz Mayzel, Timor Katz, Ronen Alkalay, Eli Biton, Ayah Lazar, Hezi Gildor, Ilana Berman-Frank, Yishai Weinstein, Barak Herut, and Yaron Toledo
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2659–2668, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2659-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2659-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper outlines the process of creating an open-access surface wave dataset, drawing from deep-sea research station observations located 50 km off the coast of Israel. The discussion covers the wave monitoring procedure, from instrument configuration to wave field retrieval, and aspects of quality assurance. The dataset presented spans over 5 years, offering uncommon in situ wave measurements in the deep sea, and addresses the existing gap in wave information within the region.
Fengshun Zhu, Jinyun Guo, Huiying Zhang, Lingyong Huang, Heping Sun, and Xin Liu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2281–2296, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2281-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2281-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We used multi-satellite altimeter data to construct a high-resolution marine gravity change rate (MGCR) model on 5′×5′ grids, named SDUST2020MGCR. The spatial distribution of SDUST2020MGCR and GRACE MGCR are similar, such as in the eastern seas of Japan (dipole), western seas of the Nicobar Islands (rising), and southern seas of Greenland (falling). The SDUST2020MGCR can provide a detailed view of long-term marine gravity change, which will help to study the seawater mass migration.
Lisa Deyle, Thomas H. Badewien, Oliver Wurl, and Jens Meyerjürgens
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2099–2112, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2099-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2099-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A dataset from the North Sea of 85 surface drifters from 2017–2021 is presented. Surface drifters enable the analysis of ocean currents by determining the velocities of surface currents and tidal effects. The entire North Sea has not been studied using drifters before, but the analysis of ocean currents is essential, e.g., to understand the pathways of plastic. The results show that there are strong tidal effects in the shallow North Sea area and strong surface currents in the deep areas.
Yasser O. Abualnaja, Alexandra Pavlidou, James H. Churchill, Ioannis Hatzianestis, Dimitris Velaoras, Harilaos Kontoyiannis, Vassilis P. Papadopoulos, Aristomenis P. Karageorgis, Georgia Assimakopoulou, Helen Kaberi, Theodoros Kannelopoulos, Constantine Parinos, Christina Zeri, Dionysios Ballas, Elli Pitta, Vassiliki Paraskevopoulou, Afroditi Androni, Styliani Chourdaki, Vassileia Fioraki, Stylianos Iliakis, Georgia Kabouri, Angeliki Konstantinopoulou, Georgios Krokos, Dimitra Papageorgiou, Alkiviadis Papageorgiou, Georgios Pappas, Elvira Plakidi, Eleni Rousselaki, Ioanna Stavrakaki, Eleni Tzempelikou, Panagiota Zachioti, Anthi Yfanti, Theodore Zoulias, Abdulah Al Amoudi, Yasser Alshehri, Ahmad Alharbi, Hammad Al Sulami, Taha Boksmati, Rayan Mutwalli, and Ibrahim Hoteit
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1703–1731, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1703-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1703-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present oceanographic measurements obtained during two surveillance cruises conducted in June and September 2021 in the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf. It is the first multidisciplinary survey within the Saudi Arabian coastal zone, extending from near the Saudi–Jordanian border in the north of the Red Sea to the south close to the Saudi--Yemen border and in the Arabian Gulf. The objective was to record the pollution status along the coastal zone of the kingdom related to specific pressures.
Alexandra E. Jones-Kellett and Michael J. Follows
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1475–1501, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1475-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1475-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ocean eddies can limit horizontal mixing, potentially isolating phytoplankton populations and affecting their concentration. We used two decades of satellite data and computer simulations to identify and track eddy-trapping boundaries in the Pacific Ocean for application in phytoplankton research. Although some eddies trap water masses for months, many continuously mix with surrounding waters. A case study shows how eddy trapping can enhance the signature of a phytoplankton bloom.
Richard Fiifi Annan, Xiaoyun Wan, Ruijie Hao, and Fei Wang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1167–1176, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1167-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1167-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Gravity gradient tensor, a set of six unique gravity signals, is suitable for detecting undersea features. However, due to poor spatial resolution in past years, it has received less research interest and investment. However, current datasets have better accuracy and resolutions, thereby necessitating a revisit. Our analysis shows comparable results with reference models. We conclude that current-generation altimetry datasets can precisely resolve all six gravity gradients.
Simon Treu, Sanne Muis, Sönke Dangendorf, Thomas Wahl, Julius Oelsmann, Stefanie Heinicke, Katja Frieler, and Matthias Mengel
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1121–1136, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1121-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1121-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This article describes a reconstruction of monthly coastal water levels from 1900–2015 and hourly data from 1979–2015, both with and without long-term sea level rise. The dataset is based on a combination of three datasets that are focused on different aspects of coastal water levels. Comparison with tide gauge records shows that this combination brings reconstructions closer to the observations compared to the individual datasets.
Sarah Asdar, Daniele Ciani, and Bruno Buongiorno Nardelli
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1029–1046, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1029-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1029-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Estimating 3D currents is crucial for the understanding of ocean dynamics, and a precise knowledge of ocean circulation is essential to ensure a sustainable ocean. In this context, a new high-resolution (1 / 10°) data-driven dataset of 3D ocean currents has been developed within the European Space Agency World Ocean Circulation project, providing 10 years (2010–2019) of horizontal and vertical quasi-geostrophic currents at daily resolution over the North Atlantic Ocean, down to 1500 m depth.
Xiaoxia Zhang and Heidi Nepf
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1047–1062, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1047-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1047-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study measured the wave-induced plant drag, flow structure, turbulent intensity, and wave energy attenuation in the presence of a salt marsh. We showed that leaves contribute to most of the total plant drag and wave dissipation. Plant resistance significantly reshapes the velocity profile and enhances turbulence intensity. Adding current obviously impact the plants' wave decay capacity. The dataset can be reused to develop and calibrate marsh-flow theoretical and numerical models.
Michael Hemming, Moninya Roughan, and Amandine Schaeffer
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 887–901, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-887-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-887-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present new datasets that are useful for exploring extreme ocean temperature events in Australian coastal waters. These datasets span multiple decades, starting from the 1940s and 1950s, and include observations from the surface to the bottom at four coastal sites. The datasets provide valuable insights into the intensity, frequency and timing of extreme warm and cold temperature events and include event characteristics such as duration, onset and decline rates and their categorisation.
Cited articles
Abernathey, R. P., Cerovecki, I., Holland, P. R., Newsom, E., Mazloff, M., and Talley, L. D.: Water-mass transformation
by sea ice in the upper branch of the Southern Ocean overturning, Nat.
Geosci., 9, 596–601, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2749, 2016.
Aguiar, W., Mata, M. M., and Kerr, R.: On deep convection events and Antarctic Bottom Water formation in ocean reanalysis products, Ocean Sci., 13, 851–872, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-13-851-2017, 2017.
Atkinson, A., Hill, S. L., Pakhomov, E. A., Siegel, V., Reiss, C. S., Loeb,
V. J., Steinberg, D. K., Schmidt, K. Tarling, G. A., Gerrish, L., and
Sailley, S.: Krill (Euphausia superba) distribution contracts southward
during rapid regional warming, Nat. Clim. Change, 9, 142–147, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0370-z, 2020.
Avelina, R., da Cunha, L. C., Farias, C. D. O., Hamacher, C., Kerr, R., and
Mata, M. M.: Contrasting dissolved organic carbon concentrations in the
Bransfield Strait, northern Antarctic Peninsula: insights into Enso and Sam
effects, J. Mar. Syst., 212, 103457, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2020.103457, 2020.
Azaneu, M., Kerr, R., Mata, M. M., and Garcia, C. A. E.: Trends in the deep
Southern Ocean (1958–2010): Implications for Antarctic Bottom Water
properties and volume export, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 118,
4213–4227, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20303, 2013.
Azaneu, M., Kerr, R., and Mata, M. M.: Assessment of the representation of Antarctic Bottom Water properties in the ECCO2 reanalysis, Ocean Sci., 10, 923–946, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-923-2014, 2014.
Azaneu, M., Heywood, K. J., Queste, B. Y., and Thompson, A. F.: Variability
of the Antarctic Slope Current System in the Northwestern Weddell
Sea, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 47, 2977–2997, https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-17-0030.1, 2017.
Boyer, T. P., Baranova, O. K., Coleman, C., Garcia, H. E., Grodsky, A.,
Locarnini, R. A., Mishonov, A. V., Paver, C. R., Reagan, J. R., Seidov, D.,
Smolyar, I. V., Weathers, K. W., and Zweng, M. M.: World Ocean Database 2018, A.
V. Mishonov, Technical Editor, NOAA Atlas NESDIS 87, 2018.
Brearley, J. A., Meredith, M. P., Naveira Garabato, A. C., Venables, H. J.,
and Inall, M. E.: Controls on turbulent mixing on the West Antarctic
Peninsula shelf, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 139, 18–30, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.02.011, 2017.
Bretherton, F. P., Davis, R. E., and Fandry, C. B.: A technique for
objective analysis and design of oceanographic experiments applied to
mode-73, Deep-Sea Res. Oceanographic Abstracts, 23, 559–582,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-7471(76)90001-2, 1976.
Chelton, D. B., deSzoeke, R. A., Schlax, M. G., El Naggar, K., and Siwertz,
N.: Geographical Variability of the First Baroclinic Rossby Radius of
Deformation, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 28, 433–460, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1998)028<0433:GVOTFB>2.0.CO;2, 1998.
Collares, L., Mata, M. M., Kerr, R., Arigony Neto, J., and Barbat, M. M.:
Iceberg drift and ocean circulation in the Northwestern Weddell Sea,
Antarctica, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 149, 10–24, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.014, 2018.
Cook, A. J., Holland, P. R., Meredith, M. P., Murray, T., Luckman, A., and
Vaughan, D. G.: Ocean forcing of glacier retreat in the western Antarctic
Peninsula, Science, 353, 283–286, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aae0017, 2016.
Costa, R. R., Mendes, C. R. B., Tavano, V. M., Dotto, T. S., Kerr, R.,
Monteiro, T., Odebrecht, C., and Secchi, E. R.: Dynamics of an intense diatom
bloom in the Northern Antarctic Peninsula, February 2016,
Limnol. Oceanogr., 65, 2056–2075, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11437, 2020.
Couto, N., Martinson, D. G., Kohut, J., and Schofield, O.: Distribution of
Upper Circumpolar Deep Water on the warming continental shelf of the West
Antarctic Peninsula, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 122,
5306–5315, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC012840, 2017.
Detoni, A. M., de Souza, M. S., Garcia, C. A., Tavano, V. M., and Mata, M.
M.: Environmental conditions during phytoplankton blooms in the vicinity of
James Ross Island, east of the Antarctic Peninsula, Polar Biol., 38,
1111–1127, 2015.
Dinniman, M. S., Klinck, J. M., and Hofmann, E. E.: Sensitivity of
Circumpolar Deep Water Transport and Ice Shelf Basal Melt along the West
Antarctic Peninsula to Changes in the Winds, J. Climate, 25,
4799–4816, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00307.1, 2012.
Dotto, T. S., Kerr, R., Mata, M. M., Azaneu, M., Wainer, I., Fahrbach, E., and Rohardt, G.: Assessment of the structure and variability of Weddell Sea water masses in distinct ocean reanalysis products, Ocean Sci., 10, 523–546, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-523-2014, 2014.
Dotto, T. S., Kerr, R. Mata, M. M., and Garcia, C. A. E.: Multidecadal
freshening and lightening in the deep waters of the Bransfield Strait,
Antarctica, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 121, 3741–3756,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011228, 2016.
Dotto, T. S., Kerr, R., Mata, M. M., and Garcia, C. A. E.: NAPv1.0: A
seasonal hydrographic gridded data set for the Northern Antarctic Peninsula,
Southern Ocean (Version 1.0) [Data set], Zenodo, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4420006, 2021.
Driemel, A., Fahrbach, E., Rohardt, G., Beszczynska-Möller, A., Boetius, A., Budéus, G., Cisewski, B., Engbrodt, R., Gauger, S., Geibert, W., Geprägs, P., Gerdes, D., Gersonde, R., Gordon, A. L., Grobe, H., Hellmer, H. H., Isla, E., Jacobs, S. S., Janout, M., Jokat, W., Klages, M., Kuhn, G., Meincke, J., Ober, S., Østerhus, S., Peterson, R. G., Rabe, B., Rudels, B., Schauer, U., Schröder, M., Schumacher, S., Sieger, R., Sildam, J., Soltwedel, T., Stangeew, E., Stein, M., Strass, V. H., Thiede, J., Tippenhauer, S., Veth, C., von Appen, W.-J., Weirig, M.-F., Wisotzki, A., Wolf-Gladrow, D. A., and Kanzow, T.: From pole to pole: 33 years of physical oceanography onboard R/V Polarstern, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 9, 211–220, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-211-2017, 2017.
Fahrbach, E., Hoppema, M., Rohardt, G., Schroder, M., and Wisotzki, A.:
Decadal-scale variations of water mass properties in the deep Weddell Sea,
Ocean Dynam., 54, 77–91, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-003-0082-3, 2004.
Ferreira, A., Costa, R. R., Dotto, T. S., Kerr, R., Tavano, V. M., Brito,
A. C., Brotas, V., Secchi, E. R., and Mendes C. R. B.: Changes in
Phytoplankton Communities Along the Northern Antarctic Peninsula: Causes,
Impacts and Research Priorities, Front. Mar. Sci., 7, 576254, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.576254, 2020.
Franco, B. C., Mata, M. M., Piola, A. R., and Garcia, C. A. E.: Northwestern
Weddell Sea deep outflow into the Scotia Sea during the austral summers of
2000 and 2001 estimated by inverse methods, Deep Sea Res. I, 54,
1815–1840, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2007.06.003, 2007.
García, M. A., Castro, C. G., Ríos, A. F., Doval, M. D., Rosón,
G., Gomis, D., and López, O.: Water masses and distribution of
physico-chemical properties in the Western Bransfield Strait and Gerlache
Strait during Austral summer 1995/96, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 49,
585–602, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(01)00113-8, 2002.
Gonçalves-Araujo, R., de Souza, M. S., Tavano, V. M., and Garcia, C. A.
E.: Influence of oceanographic features on spatial and interannual
variability of phytoplankton in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctica, J. Mar. Syst., 142, 1–15, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.09.007, 2015.
Gordon, A. L., Mensch, M., Zhaoqian, D., Smethie, W. M., and de Bettencourt,
J.: Deep and bottom water of the Bransfield Strait eastern and central
basins, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 11337–11346, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JC900030, 2000.
Hellmer, H. H., Huhn, O., Gomis, D., and Timmermann, R.: On the freshening of the northwestern Weddell Sea continental shelf, Ocean Sci., 7, 305–316, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-7-305-2011, 2011.
Heywood, K. J., Naveira Garabato, A. C., Stevens, D. P., and Muench, R. D.:
On the fate of the Antarctic Slope Front and the origin of the Weddell
Front, J. Geophys. Res., 109, C06021, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JC002053, 2004.
Hogg, A. McC., Meredith, M. P., Chambers, D. P., Abrahamsen, E. P., Hughes,
C. W., and Morrison, A. K.: Recent trends in the Southern Ocean eddy field,
J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 120, 257–267, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JC010470, 2015.
Huneke, W. G. C., Huhn, O., and Schröeder, M.: Water masses in the
Bransfield Strait and adjacent seas, austral summer 2013, Polar Biol., 39,
789–798, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-016-1936-8, 2016.
Hutchinson, K., Deshayes, J., Sallee, J.-B., Dowdeswell, J. A., de Lavergne,
C., Ansorge, I., Luyt, H., Henry, T., and Fawcett, S. E.: Water mass
characteristics and distribution adjacent to Larsen C Ice Shelf, Antarctica,
J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 125, e2019JC015855, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JC015855, 2020.
Jackett, D. and McDougall, T.: A neutral density variable for the world's
ocean, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 237–263, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1997)027<0237:ANDVFT>2.0.CO;2, 1997.
Kerr, R., Mata, M. M., Mendes, C. R. B., and Sechhi, E. R.: Northern
Antarctic Peninsula: a marine climate hotspot of rapid changes on ecosystems
and ocean dynamics, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 149, 4–9, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.05.006, 2018a.
Kerr, R., Goyet, C., da Cunha L. C., Orselli, I. O., Lencina-Avila, J. M.,
Mendes, C. R. B., Mata, M. M., and Tavano, V. M.: Carbonate system properties
in the Gerlache Strait, Northern Antarctic Peninsula (February 2015): II.
Anthropogenic CO2 and seawater acidification, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II,
149, 182–192, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.07.007, 2018b.
Kerr, R., Dotto, T. S., Mata, M. M., and Hellmer, H. H.: Three decades of
deep water mass investigation in the Weddell Sea (1984–2014): Temporal
variability and changes, Deep Sea Res. II, 149, 70–83, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.12.002, 2018c.
Lencina-Avila, J. M., Goyet, C., Kerr, R., Orselli, I. B. M., Mata, M. M.,
and Touratier, F.: Past and future evolution of the marine carbonate system
in a coastal zone of the Northern Antarctic Peninsula, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 149, 193–205, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.018, 2018.
Lin, X., Zhai, X., Wang, Z., and Munday, D. R.: Mean, Variability, and Trend
of Southern Ocean Wind Stress: Role of Wind Fluctuations, J. Climate, 31, 3557–3573, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0481.1, 2018.
Locarnini, R. A., Mishonov, A. V., Baranova, O. K., Boyer, T. P., Zweng, M.
M., Garcia, H. E., Reagan, J. R., Seidov, D., Weathers, K., Paver, C. R., and
Smolyar, I.: World Ocean Atlas 2018, Volume 1: Temperature. A. Mishonov
Technical Ed.; NOAA Atlas NESDIS 81, 52 pp., 2019.
Loeb, V. J., Hofmann, E. E., Klinck, J. M., Holm-Hansen, O., and White, W.
B.: ENSO and variability of the Antarctic Peninsula pelagic marine
ecosystem, Antarct. Sci., 21, 135–148, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954102008001636, 2009.
López, O., García, M. A., Gomis, D., Rojas, P., Sospedra, J., and
S.-Arcilla, A.: Hydrographic and hydrodynamic characteristics ofthe eastern
basin of the Bransfield Strait (Antarctica), Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 46,
1755–1778, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(99)00017-5, 1999.
Marshall, G.: Trends in the Southern annular mode from observations and
reanalyses, J. Climate, 16, 4134–4143, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<4134:TITSAM>2.0.CO;2, 2003.
Martinson, D. G. and McKee, D. C.: Transport of warm Upper Circumpolar Deep Water onto the western Antarctic Peninsula continental shelf, Ocean Sci., 8, 433–442, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-8-433-2012, 2012.
Martinson, D. G., Stammerjohn, S. E., Iannuzzi, R. A., Smith, R. C., and
Vernet, M.: Western Antarctic Peninsula physical oceanography and
spatio-temporal variability, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 55, 1964–1987, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.04.038, 2008.
Mata, M. M., Tavano, V. M., and Garcia, C. A. E.: 15 years sailing with the
Brazilian High Latitude Oceanography Group (GOAL), Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 149, 1–3, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.05.007, 2018.
Mazloff, M. R., Heimbach, P., and Wunsch, C.: An Eddy-Permitting Southern
Ocean State Estimate, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 40, 880–899, https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JPO4236.1, 2010.
McDougall, T. J. and Barker, P. M.: Getting started with TEOS-10 and the
Gibbs Seawater (GSW) Oceanographic Toolbox, SCOR/IAPSO WG127, 28 pp., ISBN
978-0-646-55621-5, 2011.
McKee, D. C. and Martinson, D. G.: Spatially coherent intraseasonal
velocity fluctuations on the western Antarctic Peninsula shelf, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 125, e2019JC015770, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JC015770,
2020a.
McKee, D. C. and Martinson, D. G.: Wind-driven barotropic velocity dynamics
on an Antarctic shelf, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 125,
e2019JC015771, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JC015771, 2020b.
Mendes, C. R. B., de Souza, M. S., Garcia, V. M. T., Leal, M. C., Brotas, V.,
and Garcia, C. A. E.: Dynamics of phytoplankton communities during late
summer around the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, Deep Sea Res. Pt. I,
65, 1–14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2012.03.002, 2012.
Mendes, C. R. B., Tavano, V. M., Leal, M. C., de Souza, M. S., Brotas, V.,
and Garcia, C. A. E.: Shifts in the dominance between diatoms and
cryptophytes during three late summers in the Bransfield Strait (Antarctic
Peninsula), Polar Biol., 36, 537–547, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-012-1282-4,
2013.
Meredith, M. P. and Hogg, A. M.: Circumpolar response of Southern Ocean
eddy activity to a change in the Southern Annular Mode, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 33, L16608, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL026499, 2006.
Meredith, M. P. and King, J. C.: Rapid climate change in the ocean west of
the Antarctic Peninsula during the second half of the 20th century,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L19604, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL024042, 2005
Meredith, M. P., Schofield, O., Newman, L., Urban, E., and Sparrow, M.: The
vision for a Southern Ocean Observing System, Curr. Opin.
Env. Sust., 5, 3–4, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2013.03.002,
2013.
Moffat, C. and Meredith, M.: Shelf–ocean exchange and hydrography west of
the Antarctic Peninsula: a review, Philos. T. Roy. Soc. A, 376, 20170164,
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2017.0164, 2018.
Moline, M. A., Claustre, H., Frazer, T. K., Schofield, O., and Vernet, M.:
Alteration of the food web along the Antarctic Peninsula in response to a
regional warming trend, Glob. Change Biol., 10, 1973–1980, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00825.x, 2004.
Monteiro, T., Kerr, R., and Machado, E.: Seasonal variability of net sea-air
CO2 fluxes in a coastal region of the northern Antarctic Peninsula,
Sci. Rep., 10, 14875, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-71814-0, 2020a.
Monteiro, T., Kerr, R., Orselli, I. B. M., and Lencina-Avila, J. M.: Towards
an intensified summer CO2 sink behaviour in the Southern Ocean coastal
regions, Prog. Oceanogr., 183, 102267,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2020.102267, 2020b.
Montes-Hugo, M., Doney, S. C., Duclow, H. W., Fraser, W., Martinson, D.,
Stammerjohn, S. E., and Schofield, O.: Recent changes in phytoplankton
communities associated with rapid regional climate change along the Western
Antarctic Peninsula, Science, 323, 1470–1473, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1164533,
2009.
Naveira Garabato, A. C., McDonagh, E. L., Stevens, D. P., Heywood, K. J., and
Sanders, R. J.: On the export of Antarctic Bottom Water from the Weddell Sea,
Deep-Sea Res. II, 49, 4715–4742, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00156-X, 2002.
Newman, L., Heil, P., Trebilco, R., Katsumata, K., Constable, A., van Wijk,
E., Assmann, K., Beja, J., Bricher, P., Coleman, R., Costa, D., Diggs, S.,
Farneti, R., Fawcett, S., Gille, S. T., Hendry, K. R., Henley, S., Hofmann,
E., Maksym, T., Mazloff, M., Meijers, A., Meredith, M. M., Moreau, S.,
Ozsoy, B., Robertson, R., Schloss, I., Schofield, O., Shi, J., Sikes, E.,
Smith, I. J., Swart, S., Wåhlin, A., Williams, G., Williams, M. J. M.,
Herraiz-Borreguero, L., Kern, S., Lieser, J., Massom, R. A.,
Melbourne-Thomas, J., Miloslavich, P., and Spreen, G.: Delivering Sustained,
Coordinated, and Integrated Observations of the Southern Ocean for Global
Impact, Front. Mar. Sci., 6, 433, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00433,
2019.
Niiler, P. P., Amos, A., and Hu, J.-H.: Water masses and 200 m relative
geostrophic circulation in the western Bransfield Strait region, Deep Sea
Res. A, 38, 943–959, https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(91)90091-S, 1991.
Prézelin, B. B, Hofmann, E. E., Klinck, J. M., and Mengelt, C.: The
linkage between Upper Circumpolar Deep Water (UCDW) and phytoplankton
assemblages on the west Antarctic Peninsula continental shelf, J. Marine
Res., 58, 165–202, 2000.
Renner, A. H. H., Thorpe, S. E., Heywood, K. J., Murphy, E. J., Watkins, J.
L., and Meredith, M. P.: Advective pathways near the tip of the Antarctic
Peninsula: Trends, variability and ecosystem implications, Deep Sea Res. Pt. I, 63, 91–101, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2012.01.009, 2012.
Ridgway, K. R., Dunn, J. R. and Wilkin J. L.: Ocean interpolation by
four-dimensional least squares -Application to the waters around Australia,
J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 19, 1357–1375, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(2002)019<1357:OIBFDW>2.0.CO;2, 2002.
Rignot, E., Mouginot, J., Scheuchl, B., van den Broeke, M., van Wessem, M.
J., and Morlighem, M.: Four decades of Antarctic Ice Sheet mass balance from
1979–2017, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 116, 1095–1103, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1812883116, 2019.
Rodriguez, A. R., Mazloff, M. R., and Gille, S. T.: An oceanic heat transport
pathway to the Amundsen Sea Embayment, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 121, 3337–3349, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011402, 2016.
Roemmich, D., Alford, M. H., Claustre, H., Johnson, K., King, B., Moum, J.,
Oke, P., Owens, W. B., Pouliquen, S., Purkey, S., Scanderbeg, M., Suga, T.,
Wijffels, S., Zilberman, N., Bakker, D., Baringer, M., Belbeoch, M., Bittig,
H.C., Boss, E., Calil, P., Carse, F., Carval, T., Chai, F., Conchubhair,
D.Ó., d'Ortenzio, F., Dall'Olmo, G., Desbruyeres, D., Fennel, K., Fer,
I., Ferrari, R., Forget, G., Freeland, H., Fujiki, T., Gehlen, M., Greenan,
B., Hallberg, R., Hibiya, T., Hosoda, S., Jayne, S., Jochum, M., Johnson,
G. C., Kang, K., Kolodziejczyk, N., Körtzinger, A., Le Traon, P.-Y.,
Lenn, Y.-D., Maze, G., Mork, K. A., Morris, T., Nagai, T., Nash, J., Naveira
Garabato, A., Olsen, A., Pattabhi, R. R., Prakash, S., Riser, S., Schmechtig,
C., Schmid, C., Shroyer, E., Sterl, A., Sutton, P., Talley, L., Tanhua, T.,
Thierry, V., Thomalla, S., Toole, J., Troisi, A., Trull, T. W., Turton, J.,
Velez-Belchi, P. J., Walczowski, W., Wang, H., Wanninkhof, R., Waterhouse,
A. F., Waterman, S., Watson, A., Wilson, C., Wong, A. P. S., Xu, J., and Yasuda,
I.: On the Future of Argo: A Global, Full-Depth, Multi-Disciplinary Array,
Front. Mar. Sci., 6, 439, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00439, 2019.
Ruiz-Barlett, E. M., Tosonotto, G. V., Piola, A. R., Sierra, M. A., and Mata,
M. M.: On the temporal variability of intermediate and deep waters in the
Western Basin of the Bransfield Strait, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 149,
31–46, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.12.010, 2018.
Russell, J. L., Kamenkovich, I., Bitz, C., Ferrari, R., Gille, S. T.,
Goodman, P. J., Hallberg, R., Johnson, K., Khazmutdinova, K., Marinov, I., Mazloff, M., Riser, S., Sarmiento, J. L., Speer, K., Talley, L. D., and Wanninkhof, R.: Metrics for the evaluation of the Southern Ocean in
coupled climate models and earth system models, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 123, 3120–3143, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC013461, 2018.
Sangrà, P., Gordo, C., Hernández-Arencibia, M., Marrero-Díaz,
A., Rodríguez-Santana, A., Stegner, A., Martínez-Marrero, A.,
Pelegrí, J. L., and Pichon, T.: The Bransfield current system, Deep Sea Res. Pt. I, 58, 390–402, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2011.01.011, 2011.
Sangrà, P., Stegner, A., Hernández-Arencibia, M., Marrero-Díaz,
Á., Salinas, C., Aguiar-González, B., and Mouriño-Carballido, B.:
The Bransfield gravity current, Deep Sea Res. Pt. I, 119, 1–15, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2016.11.003, 2017.
Savidge, D. K. and Amft, J. A.: Circulation on the West Antarctic Peninsula
derived from 6 years of shipboard ADCP transects, Deep Sea Res. Pt. I,
59, 1633–1655, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2009.05.011, 2009.
Seyboth, E., Botta, S., Mendes, C. R. B., Negrete, J., Dalla Rosa, L., and
Secchi, E. R.: Isotopic evidence of the effect of warming on the northern
Antarctic Peninsula ecosystem, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 149, 218–228, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.12.020, 2018.
Siegelman, L., Roquet, F., Mensah, V., Rivière, P., Pauthenet, E.,
Picard, B., and Guinet, C.: Correction and Accuracy of High- and
Low-Resolution CTD Data from Animal-Borne Instruments, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 36, 745–760, https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-18-0170.1, 2019.
Smith, D. A., Hofmann, E. E., Klinck, J. M., and Lascara, C. M.: Hydrography
and circulation of the West Antarctic Peninsula Continental Shelf, Deep Sea Res. Pt. I, 46, 925–949, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(98)00103-4, 1999.
Spence, P. S., Holmes, R. M., Hogg, A. M., Griffies, S. M., Stewart, K. D.,
and England, M. H.: Localized rapid warming of West Antarctic subsurface
waters by remote winds, Nat. Clim. Change, 7, 595–603, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3335, 2017.
Stammerjohn, S. E., Martinson, D. G., Smith, R. C., and Iannuzzi, R. A.: Sea
ice in the western Antarctic Peninsula region: Spatio-temporal variability
from ecological and climate change perspectives, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II,
55, 2041–2058, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.04.026, 2008.
Swart, N. C. and Fyfe, J. C.: Observed and simulated changes in the
Southern Hemisphere surface westerly wind-stress, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L16711, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL052810, 2012.
Tamsitt, V., Drake, H. F., Morrison, A. K., Talley, L. D., Dufour, C. O., Gray, A. R., Griffies, S. M., Mazloff, M. R., Sarmiento, J. L., Wang, J., and Weijer, W.: Spiraling pathways of
global deep waters to the surface of the Southern Ocean, Nature
Commun., 8, 172, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00197-0, 2017.
Thompson, A. F., Heywood, K. J., Thorpe, S. E. Renner, A. H. H., and
Trasviña, A.: Surface circulation at the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula
from drifters, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 39, 3–26,
https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JPO3995.1, 2009.
Thomson, R. E. and Emery, W. J.: The Spatial Analyses of Data Fields, in:
Data Analysis Methods in Physical Oceanography (Third Edition), edited by:
Thomson, R. E. and Emery, W. J., Elsevier, 313–424, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-387782-6.00004-1, 2014.
Torres Parra, R. R., Caicedo, A. L., and Sánchez, J. D. I.: Hydrographic
conditions during two austral summer situations (2015 and 2017) in the
Gerlache and Bismarck straits, northern Antarctic Peninsula, Deep Sea Res. Pt. I, 161, 103278, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2020.103278, 2020.
Treasure, A. M., Roquet, F., Ansorge, I. J., Bester, M. N., Boehme, L.,
Bornemann, H., Charrassin, J.-B., Chevallier, D., Costa, D. P., Fedak, M.
A., Guinet, C., Hammill, M. O., Harcourt, R. G., Hindell, M. A., Kovacs, K.
M., Lea, M.-A., Lovell, P., Lowther, A. D., Lydersen, C., McIntyre, T.,
McMahon, C. R., Muelbert, M. M. C., Nicholls, K., Picard, B., Reverdin, G.,
Trites, A. W., Williams, G. D., and de Bruyn, P. J. N.: Marine Mammals
Exploring the Oceans Pole to Pole: A review of the MEOP consortium,
Oceanography, 30, 132–138, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2017.234, 2017.
Turner, J., Hosking, J. S., Phillips, T., and Marshall, G. J.: Temporal and
spatial evolution of the Antarctic sea ice prior to the September 2012
record maximum extent, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 5894–5898, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GL058371, 2013.
van Caspel, M., Schroeder, M., Huhn, O., and Hellmer, H. H.: Precursors of
Antarctic bottom water formed on the continental shelf off Larsen ice shelf,
Deep Sea Res. Pt. I, 99, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2015.01.004, 2015.
van Caspel, M. R., Mata, M. M., and Hellmer, H. H.: On the ventilation of
Bransfield Strait deep basins, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 149, 25–30, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.09.006, 2018.
van Sebille, E., Spence, P., Mazloff, M. R., England, M. H., Rintoul, S. R.,
and Saenko, O. A.: Abyssal connections of Antarctic Bottom Water in a
Southern Ocean State Estimate, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 2177–2182,
https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50483, 2013.
Verdy, A. and Mazloff, M. R.: A data assimilating model for estimating
Southern Ocean biogeochemistry, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans,
122, 6968–6988, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012650, 2017.
von Gyldenfeldt, A. B., Fahrbach, E., García, M. A., and Schröder,
M.: Flow variability at the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, Deep Sea Res. Pt. II, 49, 4743–4766, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00157-1,
2002.
Whitworth III, T., Nowlin Jr., W. D., Orsi, A. H., Locarnini, R. A., and Smith
S. G.: Weddell Sea shelf water in the Bransfield Strait and Weddell-Scotia
Confluence, Deep Sea Res. I, 41, 629–641, https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0637(94)90046-9, 1994.
Wong, A. P. S., Wijffels, S. E., Riser, S. C., Pouliquen, S., Hosoda, S., Roemmich, D., Gilson, J., Johnson, G. C., Martini, K., Murphy, D. J., Scanderbeg, M., Bhaskar, T. V. S. U., Buck, J. J. H., Merceur, F., Carval, T., Maze, G., Cabanes, C., André, X., Poffa, N., Yashayaev, I., Barker, P. M., Guinehut, S., Belbéoch, M., Ignaszewski, M., Baringer, M. O'N., Schmid, C., Lyman, J. M., McTaggart, K. E., Purkey, S. G., Zilberman, N., Alkire, M. B., Swift, D., Owens, W. B., Jayne, S. R., Hersh, C., Robbins, P., West-Mack D., Bahr, F., Yoshida, S., Sutton, P. J. H., Cancouët, R., Coatanoan, C., Dobbler, D., Juan, A. G., Gourrion, J., Kolodziejczyk, N., Bernard, V., Bourlès, B., Claustre, H., D'Ortenzio, F., Le Reste, S., Le Traon, P.-Y., Rannou, J.-P., Saout-Grit, C., Speich, S., Thierry, V., Verbrugge, N., Angel-Benavides, I. M., Klein, B., Notarstefano, G., Poulain, P.-M., Vélez-Belchí, P., Suga, T., Ando, K., Iwasaska, N., Kobayashi, T., Masuda, S., Oka, E., Sato, K., Nakamura, T., Sato, K., Takatsuki, Y., Yoshida, T., Cowley, R., Lovell, J. L., Oke, P. R., van Wijk, E. M., Carse, F., Donnelly, M., Gould, W. J., Gowers, K., King, B. A., Loch, S. G., Mowat, M., Turton, J., Rama, R. E. P., Ravichandran M., Freeland, H. J., Gaboury, I., Gilbert, D., Greenan, B. J. W., Ouellet, M., Ross, T., Tran, A., Dong, M., Liu, Z., Xu, J., Kang, K., Jo, H. J., Kim, S.-D., and Park, H.-M.: Argo Data 1999–2019: Two Million
Temperature-Salinity Profiles and Subsurface Velocity Observations from a
Global Array of Profiling Floats, Front. Mar. Sci., 7, 700, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00700, 2020.
Zhou, M., Niiler, P. P., and Hu, J.-H.: Surface currents in the Bransfield
and Gerlache Straits, Antarctica, Deep Sea Res. Pt. I, 49, 267–280,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(01)00062-0, 2002.
Zhou, M., Niiler, P. P., Zhu, Y., and Dorly, R. D.: The western boundary
current in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctica, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 53,
1244–1252, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2006.04.003, 2006.
Zhou, X., Zhu, G., and Hu, S.: Influence of tides on mass transport in the
Bransfield Strait and the adjacent areas, Antarctic, Polar Sci., 23,
100506, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polar.2020.100506, 2020.
Zweng, M. M., Reagan, J. R., Seidov, D., Boyer, T. P., Locarnini, R. A.,
Garcia, H. E., Mishonov, A. V., Baranova, O. K., Weathers, K., Paver, C. R.,
and Smolyar, I.: World Ocean Atlas 2018, Volume 2: Salinity, A. Mishonov
Technical Ed., NOAA Atlas NESDIS 82, 50 pp., 2019.
Short summary
A novel seasonal three-dimensional high-resolution hydrographic gridded data set for the northern Antarctic Peninsula (NAP) based on measurements obtained from 1990–2019 by the ship-based Argo profilers and tagged marine mammals is presented. The main oceanographic features of the NAP are well represented, with the final product having many advantages compared to low-resolution climatologies. In addition, new information on the regional water mass pathways and their characteristics is unveiled.
A novel seasonal three-dimensional high-resolution hydrographic gridded data set for the...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint