Articles | Volume 18, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-875-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-875-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description paper
| 
03 Feb 2026
Data description paper |
| 03 Feb 2026
| 03 Feb 2026
Annual carbon emissions from land-use change in China from 1000 to 2019
Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Laboratory of Climate Change Mitigation and Carbon Neutrality, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Guanpeng Dong
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Laboratory of Climate Change Mitigation and Carbon Neutrality, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Xiaoyu Meng
Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Laboratory of Climate Change Mitigation and Carbon Neutrality, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Richard A. Houghton
Woodwell Climate Research Center, Falmouth, MA 02540, USA
Yang Gao
Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Laboratory of Climate Change Mitigation and Carbon Neutrality, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Fanneng He
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Meijiao Li
College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan 030006, China
Wenjin Li
Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
Bing Li
Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Laboratory of Climate Change Mitigation and Carbon Neutrality, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Zhihao Liu
Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
Qinqin Mao
Piesat Information Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710100, China
Pengfei Wu
Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
Yuanzhi Yao
School of Geographic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
Xudong Zhai
Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
Hongjuan Zhang
Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Laboratory of Climate Change Mitigation and Carbon Neutrality, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Control, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Yan Chen, Shunlin Liang, Han Ma, Bing Li, Tao He, and Qian Wang
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Ana Bastos, Kerstin Hartung, Tobias B. Nützel, Julia E. M. S. Nabel, Richard A. Houghton, and Julia Pongratz
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Ana Maria Roxana Petrescu, Matthew J. McGrath, Robbie M. Andrew, Philippe Peylin, Glen P. Peters, Philippe Ciais, Gregoire Broquet, Francesco N. Tubiello, Christoph Gerbig, Julia Pongratz, Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Giacomo Grassi, Gert-Jan Nabuurs, Pierre Regnier, Ronny Lauerwald, Matthias Kuhnert, Juraj Balkovič, Mart-Jan Schelhaas, Hugo A. C. Denier van der
Gon, Efisio Solazzo, Chunjing Qiu, Roberto Pilli, Igor B. Konovalov, Richard A. Houghton, Dirk Günther, Lucia Perugini, Monica Crippa, Raphael Ganzenmüller, Ingrid T. Luijkx, Pete Smith, Saqr Munassar, Rona L. Thompson, Giulia Conchedda, Guillaume Monteil, Marko Scholze, Ute Karstens, Patrick Brockmann, and Albertus Johannes Dolman
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Wei Min Hao, Matthew C. Reeves, L. Scott Baggett, Yves Balkanski, Philippe Ciais, Bryce L. Nordgren, Alexander Petkov, Rachel E. Corley, Florent Mouillot, Shawn P. Urbanski, and Chao Yue
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We examined the trends in the spatial and temporal distribution of the area burned in northern Eurasia from 2002 to 2016. The annual area burned in this region declined by 53 % during the 15-year period under analysis. Grassland fires in Kazakhstan dominated the fire activity, comprising 47 % of the area burned but accounting for 84 % of the decline. A wetter climate and the increase in grazing livestock in Kazakhstan are the major factors contributing to the decline in the area burned.
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Short summary
We used a millennial dataset of land-use change in China, combined with comprehensive soil and vegetation carbon density datasets, to quantify China’s annual carbon emissions resulting from land-use change between 1000 and 2019 using a bookkeeping model. The annual carbon emission flux provides a robust historical baseline for assessing terrestrial ecosystem carbon budgets at national and provincial scales, both in the present and future.
We used a millennial dataset of land-use change in China, combined with comprehensive soil and...
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