the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
| 16 Dec 2025
Two centuries of oceanographic data in the Indonesian Seas and surroundings: historical patterns of data availability, gaps, and future challenges
Ghelby M. Faid
Wang Zheng
Li Rui
Mohd. Fadzil Akhir
Weidong Yu
Rangga A. Mulya
Fadli Syamsudin
Ibnu Faizal
Buntora Pasaribu
Teguh Agustiadi
Bayu Priyono
Muhammad Fadli
Priyadi D. Santoso
Wahyu W. Pandoe
Huiwu Wang
Shujiang Li
Zexun Wei
R. Dwi Susanto
Dwiyoga Nugroho
Adi Purwandana
Data sets
Two Centuries of Oceanographic Data in the Indonesian Seas and Surroundings: Historical Trends, Gaps, and Future Challenges Noir P. Purba et al. https://doi.org/10.17632/fnn6tsjckn.1
World Ocean Database 2018 Tim P. Boyer et al. https://doi.org/10.25923/z885-h264
Model code and software
Softwares to Process Oceanographic Data in the Indonesian Seas and Surroundings Noir P. Purba et al. https://doi.org/10.17632/nm5txj3fps.1
Interactive computing environment
Cast per half-degree Grid Square Python syntax to Compute Data in Indonesian Seas and Surroundings Noir P. Purba et al. https://doi.org/10.17632/mbvxs72mvd.2
Indonesia's seas link the Pacific and Indian Oceans and shape weather and climate. We analyzed more than 460 000 ocean measurements and found major gaps, especially in deep waters and coastal areas. Most data come from ship routes, leaving many regions unobserved. These gaps limit our ability to understand currents and climate patterns. We propose expanding modern ocean monitoring tools to improve future predictions.
Indonesia's seas link the Pacific and Indian Oceans and shape weather and climate. We analyzed...
