Articles | Volume 14, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3013-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3013-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description paper
| 
06 Jul 2022
Data description paper |
| 06 Jul 2022
| 06 Jul 2022
A 10-year global monthly averaged terrestrial net ecosystem exchange dataset inferred from the ACOS GOSAT v9 XCO2 retrievals (GCAS2021)
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science
and Technology, International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing
University, Nanjing, 210023, China
Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical
Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, 210023, China
Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing
University, Nanjing, 210023, China
Weimin Ju
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science
and Technology, International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing
University, Nanjing, 210023, China
Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical
Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, 210023, China
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science
and Technology, International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing
University, Nanjing, 210023, China
Mousong Wu
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science
and Technology, International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing
University, Nanjing, 210023, China
Hengmao Wang
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science
and Technology, International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing
University, Nanjing, 210023, China
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science
and Technology, International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing
University, Nanjing, 210023, China
Mengwei Jia
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science
and Technology, International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing
University, Nanjing, 210023, China
Shuzhuang Feng
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science
and Technology, International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing
University, Nanjing, 210023, China
Lingyu Zhang
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science
and Technology, International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing
University, Nanjing, 210023, China
Jing M. Chen
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science
and Technology, International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing
University, Nanjing, 210023, China
Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
M5S3G3, Canada
Related authors
Huajie Zhu, Xiuli Xing, Mousong Wu, Weimin Ju, and Fei Jiang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3032, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3032, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, ecosystem COS fluxes data were employed to optimize GPP estimation across various ecosystems with the Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS), which was further developed for simulating the leaf COS uptake under its state-of-the-art ‘two-leaf’ framework. our results showcased the efficacy of COS in enhancing model prediction and reducing prediction uncertainty of GPP, and deepened insights into the sensitivity, identifiability, and interactions of parameters related to COS.
Shuzhuang Feng, Fei Jiang, Tianlu Qian, Nan Wang, Mengwei Jia, Songci Zheng, Jiansong Chen, Fang Ying, and Weimin Ju
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2654, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2654, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a multi-air pollutant inversion system to estimate non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC) emissions using TROPOMI formaldehyde retrievals. We found that the inversion significantly improved formaldehyde simulations and reduced NMVOC emission uncertainties. The optimized NMVOC emissions effectively corrected the overestimation of O3 levels, mainly by decreasing the rate of the RO2 + NO reaction and increasing the rate of the NO2 + OH reaction.
Pierre Friedlingstein, Michael O'Sullivan, Matthew W. Jones, Robbie M. Andrew, Dorothee C. E. Bakker, Judith Hauck, Peter Landschützer, Corinne Le Quéré, Ingrid T. Luijkx, Glen P. Peters, Wouter Peters, Julia Pongratz, Clemens Schwingshackl, Stephen Sitch, Josep G. Canadell, Philippe Ciais, Robert B. Jackson, Simone R. Alin, Peter Anthoni, Leticia Barbero, Nicholas R. Bates, Meike Becker, Nicolas Bellouin, Bertrand Decharme, Laurent Bopp, Ida Bagus Mandhara Brasika, Patricia Cadule, Matthew A. Chamberlain, Naveen Chandra, Thi-Tuyet-Trang Chau, Frédéric Chevallier, Louise P. Chini, Margot Cronin, Xinyu Dou, Kazutaka Enyo, Wiley Evans, Stefanie Falk, Richard A. Feely, Liang Feng, Daniel J. Ford, Thomas Gasser, Josefine Ghattas, Thanos Gkritzalis, Giacomo Grassi, Luke Gregor, Nicolas Gruber, Özgür Gürses, Ian Harris, Matthew Hefner, Jens Heinke, Richard A. Houghton, George C. Hurtt, Yosuke Iida, Tatiana Ilyina, Andrew R. Jacobson, Atul Jain, Tereza Jarníková, Annika Jersild, Fei Jiang, Zhe Jin, Fortunat Joos, Etsushi Kato, Ralph F. Keeling, Daniel Kennedy, Kees Klein Goldewijk, Jürgen Knauer, Jan Ivar Korsbakken, Arne Körtzinger, Xin Lan, Nathalie Lefèvre, Hongmei Li, Junjie Liu, Zhiqiang Liu, Lei Ma, Greg Marland, Nicolas Mayot, Patrick C. McGuire, Galen A. McKinley, Gesa Meyer, Eric J. Morgan, David R. Munro, Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka, Yosuke Niwa, Kevin M. O'Brien, Are Olsen, Abdirahman M. Omar, Tsuneo Ono, Melf Paulsen, Denis Pierrot, Katie Pocock, Benjamin Poulter, Carter M. Powis, Gregor Rehder, Laure Resplandy, Eddy Robertson, Christian Rödenbeck, Thais M. Rosan, Jörg Schwinger, Roland Séférian, T. Luke Smallman, Stephen M. Smith, Reinel Sospedra-Alfonso, Qing Sun, Adrienne J. Sutton, Colm Sweeney, Shintaro Takao, Pieter P. Tans, Hanqin Tian, Bronte Tilbrook, Hiroyuki Tsujino, Francesco Tubiello, Guido R. van der Werf, Erik van Ooijen, Rik Wanninkhof, Michio Watanabe, Cathy Wimart-Rousseau, Dongxu Yang, Xiaojuan Yang, Wenping Yuan, Xu Yue, Sönke Zaehle, Jiye Zeng, and Bo Zheng
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 5301–5369, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5301-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5301-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Global Carbon Budget 2023 describes the methodology, main results, and data sets used to quantify the anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and their partitioning among the atmosphere, land ecosystems, and the ocean over the historical period (1750–2023). These living datasets are updated every year to provide the highest transparency and traceability in the reporting of CO2, the key driver of climate change.
Shuzhuang Feng, Fei Jiang, Zheng Wu, Hengmao Wang, Wei He, Yang Shen, Lingyu Zhang, Yanhua Zheng, Chenxi Lou, Ziqiang Jiang, and Weimin Ju
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 5949–5977, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5949-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5949-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We document the system development and application of a Regional multi-Air Pollutant Assimilation System (RAPAS v1.0). This system is developed to optimize gridded source emissions of CO, SO2, NOx, primary PM2.5, and coarse PM10 on a regional scale via simultaneously assimilating surface measurements of CO, SO2, NO2, PM2.5, and PM10. A series of sensitivity experiments demonstrates the advantage of the “two-step” inversion strategy and the robustness of the system in estimating the emissions.
Huajie Zhu, Mousong Wu, Fei Jiang, Michael Vossbeck, Thomas Kaminski, Xiuli Xing, Jun Wang, Weimin Ju, and Jing M. Chen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1955, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1955, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, Nanjing University Carbon Assimilation System (NUCAS) was developed. Data assimilation experiments were conducted to demonstrate the robustness and to investigate the feasibility and applicability of NUCAS. The assimilation of COS significantly improved the model performance in gross primary productivity, sensible heat, latent heat and even soil moisture, demonstrating that COS can provide strong constraints on parameters relevant to water, energy and carbon processes.
Fei Jiang, Hengmao Wang, Jing M. Chen, Weimin Ju, Xiangjun Tian, Shuzhuang Feng, Guicai Li, Zhuoqi Chen, Shupeng Zhang, Xuehe Lu, Jane Liu, Haikun Wang, Jun Wang, Wei He, and Mousong Wu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1963–1985, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1963-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1963-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present a 6-year inversion from 2010 to 2015 for the global and regional carbon fluxes using only the GOSAT XCO2 retrievals. We find that the XCO2 retrievals could significantly improve the modeling of atmospheric CO2 concentrations and that the inferred interannual variations in the terrestrial carbon fluxes in most land regions have a better relationship with the changes in severe drought area or leaf area index, or are more consistent with the previous estimates about drought impact.
Zhi-Zhen Ni, Kun Luo, Yang Gao, Xiang Gao, Fei Jiang, Cheng Huang, Jian-Ren Fan, Joshua S. Fu, and Chang-Hong Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 5963–5976, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5963-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5963-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Weather Research Forecast with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model was used to simulate spatial and temporal O3 evolution in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region. Various atmospheric processes were analyzed to determine the influential factors of ozone formation through the integrated process rate method. This paper provides insight into urban O3 formation and dispersion during tropical cyclone events and supports the Model Intercomparison Study Asia Phase III (MICS-Asia Phase III).
Hengmao Wang, Fei Jiang, Jun Wang, Weimin Ju, and Jing M. Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 12067–12082, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12067-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12067-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The differences in inverted global and regional carbon fluxes from GOSAT and OCO-2 XCO2 from 1 January to 31 December 2015 are studied. We find significant differences for inverted terrestrial carbon fluxes on both global and regional scales. Overall, GOSAT XCO2 has a better performance than OCO-2, and GOSAT data can effectively improve carbon flux estimates in the Northern Hemisphere, while OCO-2 data, with the specific version used in this study, show only slight improvement.
Xufei Liu, Xiaopu Lyu, Yu Wang, Fei Jiang, and Hai Guo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 5127–5145, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5127-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5127-2019, 2019
Anna Katinka Petersen, Guy P. Brasseur, Idir Bouarar, Johannes Flemming, Michael Gauss, Fei Jiang, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Richard Kranenburg, Bas Mijling, Vincent-Henri Peuch, Matthieu Pommier, Arjo Segers, Mikhail Sofiev, Renske Timmermans, Ronald van der A, Stacy Walters, Ying Xie, Jianming Xu, and Guangqiang Zhou
Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 1241–1266, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-1241-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-1241-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
An operational multi-model forecasting system for air quality is providing daily forecasts of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter for 37 urban areas of China. The paper presents the evaluation of the different forecasts performed during the first year of operation.
Xiaopu Lyu, Nan Wang, Hai Guo, Likun Xue, Fei Jiang, Yangzong Zeren, Hairong Cheng, Zhe Cai, Lihui Han, and Ying Zhou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 3025–3042, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3025-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3025-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Through analyses on the synoptic systems, pollution characteristics of O3 precursors, and modeling of local O3 formation and processes influencing O3 level, we found that this O3 pollution event was induced by a uniform pressure field over the Shandong Peninsula and also aggravated by a low-pressure trough in the last few days. This finding indicated that the NCP might be an O3 source region, which exported photochemical pollution to the adjoining regions or even to the neighboring countries.
Guy P. Brasseur, Ying Xie, Anna Katinka Petersen, Idir Bouarar, Johannes Flemming, Michael Gauss, Fei Jiang, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Richard Kranenburg, Bas Mijling, Vincent-Henri Peuch, Matthieu Pommier, Arjo Segers, Mikhail Sofiev, Renske Timmermans, Ronald van der A, Stacy Walters, Jianming Xu, and Guangqiang Zhou
Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 33–67, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-33-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-33-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
An operational multi-model forecasting system for air quality provides daily forecasts of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter for 37 urban areas in China. The paper presents an intercomparison of the different forecasts performed during a specific period of time and highlights recurrent differences between the model output. Pathways to improve the forecasts by the multi-model system are suggested.
Derong Zhou, Ke Ding, Xin Huang, Lixia Liu, Qiang Liu, Zhengning Xu, Fei Jiang, Congbin Fu, and Aijun Ding
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 16345–16361, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16345-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16345-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the vertical distribution, transport characteristics, source contribution and meteorological feedback of dust, biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion aerosols for a unique pollution episode that occurred in late March 2015 in eastern Asia, based on various measurement data and modeling methods. We found that cold front played an important role in the long-range transport of different pollutants and caused a three-layer vertical structure of pollutants over eastern China.
Jun Wang, Ning Zeng, Meirong Wang, Fei Jiang, Jingming Chen, Pierre Friedlingstein, Atul K. Jain, Ziqiang Jiang, Weimin Ju, Sebastian Lienert, Julia Nabel, Stephen Sitch, Nicolas Viovy, Hengmao Wang, and Andrew J. Wiltshire
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 10333–10345, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10333-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10333-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Based on the Mauna Loa CO2 records and TRENDY multi-model historical simulations, we investigate the different impacts of EP and CP El Niños on interannual carbon cycle variability. Composite analysis indicates that the evolutions of CO2 growth rate anomalies have three clear differences in terms of precursors (negative and neutral), amplitudes (strong and weak), and durations of peak (Dec–Apr and Oct–Jan) during EP and CP El Niños, respectively. We further discuss their terrestrial mechanisms.
Zhi-zhen Ni, Kun Luo, Yang Gao, Fei Jiang, Xiang Gao, Jian-ren Fan, and Chang-hong Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-76, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-76, 2018
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
A unique mechanism was found to modulate the high ozone episodes in Hangzhou during G20 summit: Driven by tropical cyclone convergence, prevailing north winds brought in emission sources; with invasion of tropical cycle, subsidence air and stagnant weather was induced, as well as the urban heat island effect, intensifying the ozone enhancement. Different atmospheric processes were further analyzed to elucidate the control factors of ozone formation through integrated process rate method.
Hao Wang, Xiaopu Lyu, Hai Guo, Yu Wang, Shichun Zou, Zhenhao Ling, Xinming Wang, Fei Jiang, Yangzong Zeren, Wenzhuo Pan, Xiaobo Huang, and Jin Shen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 4277–4295, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-4277-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-4277-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
While oceanic air is generally thought to be clean, the air pollution over waters in proximity to the coasts is not well recognized. This research indicated that ozone was higher over South China Sea (SCS) than that in the adjacent continental area, while continental anticyclone, tropical cyclone and land breeze favored O3 formation over SCS. In addition, weaker NO titration and stronger atmospheric oxidative capacity led to higher O3 production efficiency over SCS.
Jun Wang, Ning Zeng, Meirong Wang, Fei Jiang, Hengmao Wang, and Ziqiang Jiang
Earth Syst. Dynam., 9, 1–14, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-1-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-1-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Behaviors of terrestrial ecosystems differ in different El Niños. We analyze terrestrial carbon cycle responses to two extreme El Niños (2015/16 and 1997/98), and find large differences. We find that global land–atmosphere carbon flux anomaly was about 2 times smaller in 2015/16 than in 1997/98 event, without the obvious lagged response. Then we illustrate the climatic and biological mechanisms of the different terrestrial carbon cycle responses in 2015/16 and 1997/98 El Niños regionally.
K. Ding, J. Liu, A. Ding, Q. Liu, T. L. Zhao, J. Shi, Y. Han, H. Wang, and F. Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 2843–2866, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2843-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2843-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
1. High CO abundances of 300-550 ppbv is shown in aircraft MOZAIC data between 700 and 300 hPa over East Asia in three episodes. Correspondingly, elevated CO is observed in satellite MOPITT data at similar altitudes.
2. GEOS-Chem and FLEXPART simulations reveal distinct uplifting processes for CO from fires and anthropogenic sources in the cases.
3. Topography in East Asia affects uplifting of CO in different ways.
4. The new version 5 MOPITT data can help diagnose vertical transport of CO.
H. Zheng, Y. Li, J. M. Chen, T. Wang, Q. Huang, W. X. Huang, L. H. Wang, S. M. Li, W. P. Yuan, X. Zheng, S. P. Zhang, Z. Q. Chen, and F. Jiang
Biogeosciences, 12, 1131–1150, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1131-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1131-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Ecological models often suffer from substantial biases due to inaccurate simulations of complex ecological processes. We introduce a set of scaling factors (parameters) for an ecological model on the basis of plant functional type (PFT) and latitudes. A global carbon assimilation system (GCAS-DOM) is developed by employing a dual optimization method (DOM) to invert the time-dependent ecological model parameter state and the net carbon flux state on 1 degree grid cells simultaneously.
F. Jiang, H. M. Wang, J. M. Chen, T. Machida, L. X. Zhou, W. M. Ju, H. Matsueda, and Y. Sawa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 10133–10144, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10133-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10133-2014, 2014
F. Jiang, H. W. Wang, J. M. Chen, L. X. Zhou, W. M. Ju, A. J. Ding, L. X. Liu, and W. Peters
Biogeosciences, 10, 5311–5324, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5311-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5311-2013, 2013
Jiye Leng, Jing M. Chen, Wenyu Li, Xiangzhong Luo, Mingzhu Xu, Jane Liu, Rong Wang, Cheryl Rogers, Bolun Li, and Yulin Yan
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1283–1300, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1283-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1283-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We produced a long-term global two-leaf gross primary productivity (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET) dataset at the hourly time step by integrating a diagnostic process-based model with dynamic parameterizations. The new dataset provides us with a unique opportunity to study carbon and water fluxes at sub-daily time scales and advance our understanding of ecosystem functions in response to transient environmental changes.
Peng Li, Rong Shang, Jing M. Chen, Mingzhu Xu, Xudong Lin, Guirui Yu, Nianpeng He, and Li Xu
Biogeosciences, 21, 625–639, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-625-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-625-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The amount of carbon that forests gain from the atmosphere, called net primary productivity (NPP), changes a lot with age. These forest NPP–age relationships could be modeled from field survey data, but we are not sure which model works best. Here we tested five different models using 3121 field survey samples in China, and the semi-empirical mathematical (SEM) function was determined as the optimal. The relationships built by SEM can improve China's forest carbon modeling and prediction.
Huajie Zhu, Xiuli Xing, Mousong Wu, Weimin Ju, and Fei Jiang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3032, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3032, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, ecosystem COS fluxes data were employed to optimize GPP estimation across various ecosystems with the Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS), which was further developed for simulating the leaf COS uptake under its state-of-the-art ‘two-leaf’ framework. our results showcased the efficacy of COS in enhancing model prediction and reducing prediction uncertainty of GPP, and deepened insights into the sensitivity, identifiability, and interactions of parameters related to COS.
Shuzhuang Feng, Fei Jiang, Tianlu Qian, Nan Wang, Mengwei Jia, Songci Zheng, Jiansong Chen, Fang Ying, and Weimin Ju
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2654, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2654, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a multi-air pollutant inversion system to estimate non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC) emissions using TROPOMI formaldehyde retrievals. We found that the inversion significantly improved formaldehyde simulations and reduced NMVOC emission uncertainties. The optimized NMVOC emissions effectively corrected the overestimation of O3 levels, mainly by decreasing the rate of the RO2 + NO reaction and increasing the rate of the NO2 + OH reaction.
Pierre Friedlingstein, Michael O'Sullivan, Matthew W. Jones, Robbie M. Andrew, Dorothee C. E. Bakker, Judith Hauck, Peter Landschützer, Corinne Le Quéré, Ingrid T. Luijkx, Glen P. Peters, Wouter Peters, Julia Pongratz, Clemens Schwingshackl, Stephen Sitch, Josep G. Canadell, Philippe Ciais, Robert B. Jackson, Simone R. Alin, Peter Anthoni, Leticia Barbero, Nicholas R. Bates, Meike Becker, Nicolas Bellouin, Bertrand Decharme, Laurent Bopp, Ida Bagus Mandhara Brasika, Patricia Cadule, Matthew A. Chamberlain, Naveen Chandra, Thi-Tuyet-Trang Chau, Frédéric Chevallier, Louise P. Chini, Margot Cronin, Xinyu Dou, Kazutaka Enyo, Wiley Evans, Stefanie Falk, Richard A. Feely, Liang Feng, Daniel J. Ford, Thomas Gasser, Josefine Ghattas, Thanos Gkritzalis, Giacomo Grassi, Luke Gregor, Nicolas Gruber, Özgür Gürses, Ian Harris, Matthew Hefner, Jens Heinke, Richard A. Houghton, George C. Hurtt, Yosuke Iida, Tatiana Ilyina, Andrew R. Jacobson, Atul Jain, Tereza Jarníková, Annika Jersild, Fei Jiang, Zhe Jin, Fortunat Joos, Etsushi Kato, Ralph F. Keeling, Daniel Kennedy, Kees Klein Goldewijk, Jürgen Knauer, Jan Ivar Korsbakken, Arne Körtzinger, Xin Lan, Nathalie Lefèvre, Hongmei Li, Junjie Liu, Zhiqiang Liu, Lei Ma, Greg Marland, Nicolas Mayot, Patrick C. McGuire, Galen A. McKinley, Gesa Meyer, Eric J. Morgan, David R. Munro, Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka, Yosuke Niwa, Kevin M. O'Brien, Are Olsen, Abdirahman M. Omar, Tsuneo Ono, Melf Paulsen, Denis Pierrot, Katie Pocock, Benjamin Poulter, Carter M. Powis, Gregor Rehder, Laure Resplandy, Eddy Robertson, Christian Rödenbeck, Thais M. Rosan, Jörg Schwinger, Roland Séférian, T. Luke Smallman, Stephen M. Smith, Reinel Sospedra-Alfonso, Qing Sun, Adrienne J. Sutton, Colm Sweeney, Shintaro Takao, Pieter P. Tans, Hanqin Tian, Bronte Tilbrook, Hiroyuki Tsujino, Francesco Tubiello, Guido R. van der Werf, Erik van Ooijen, Rik Wanninkhof, Michio Watanabe, Cathy Wimart-Rousseau, Dongxu Yang, Xiaojuan Yang, Wenping Yuan, Xu Yue, Sönke Zaehle, Jiye Zeng, and Bo Zheng
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 5301–5369, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5301-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5301-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Global Carbon Budget 2023 describes the methodology, main results, and data sets used to quantify the anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and their partitioning among the atmosphere, land ecosystems, and the ocean over the historical period (1750–2023). These living datasets are updated every year to provide the highest transparency and traceability in the reporting of CO2, the key driver of climate change.
Minjie Zheng, Hongyu Liu, Florian Adolphi, Raimund Muscheler, Zhengyao Lu, Mousong Wu, and Nønne L. Prisle
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 7037–7057, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7037-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7037-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The radionuclides 7Be and 10Be are useful tracers for atmospheric transport studies. Here we use the GEOS-Chem to simulate 7Be and 10Be with different production rates: the default production rate in GEOS-Chem and two from the state-of-the-art beryllium production model. We demonstrate that reduced uncertainties in the production rates can enhance the utility of 7Be and 10Be as tracers for evaluating transport and scavenging processes in global models.
Shanlei Sun, Zaoying Bi, Jingfeng Xiao, Yi Liu, Ge Sun, Weimin Ju, Chunwei Liu, Mengyuan Mu, Jinjian Li, Yang Zhou, Xiaoyuan Li, Yibo Liu, and Haishan Chen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 4849–4876, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4849-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4849-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Based on various existing datasets, we comprehensively considered spatiotemporal differences in land surfaces and CO2 effects on plant stomatal resistance to parameterize the Shuttleworth–Wallace model, and we generated a global 5 km ensemble mean monthly potential evapotranspiration (PET) dataset (including potential transpiration PT and soil evaporation PE) during 1982–2015. The new dataset may be used by academic communities and various agencies to conduct various studies.
Shuzhuang Feng, Fei Jiang, Zheng Wu, Hengmao Wang, Wei He, Yang Shen, Lingyu Zhang, Yanhua Zheng, Chenxi Lou, Ziqiang Jiang, and Weimin Ju
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 5949–5977, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5949-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5949-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We document the system development and application of a Regional multi-Air Pollutant Assimilation System (RAPAS v1.0). This system is developed to optimize gridded source emissions of CO, SO2, NOx, primary PM2.5, and coarse PM10 on a regional scale via simultaneously assimilating surface measurements of CO, SO2, NO2, PM2.5, and PM10. A series of sensitivity experiments demonstrates the advantage of the “two-step” inversion strategy and the robustness of the system in estimating the emissions.
Huajie Zhu, Mousong Wu, Fei Jiang, Michael Vossbeck, Thomas Kaminski, Xiuli Xing, Jun Wang, Weimin Ju, and Jing M. Chen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1955, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1955, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, Nanjing University Carbon Assimilation System (NUCAS) was developed. Data assimilation experiments were conducted to demonstrate the robustness and to investigate the feasibility and applicability of NUCAS. The assimilation of COS significantly improved the model performance in gross primary productivity, sensible heat, latent heat and even soil moisture, demonstrating that COS can provide strong constraints on parameters relevant to water, energy and carbon processes.
Jing M. Chen, Rong Wang, Yihong Liu, Liming He, Holly Croft, Xiangzhong Luo, Han Wang, Nicholas G. Smith, Trevor F. Keenan, I. Colin Prentice, Yongguang Zhang, Weimin Ju, and Ning Dong
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4077–4093, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4077-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4077-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Green leaves contain chlorophyll pigments that harvest light for photosynthesis and also emit chlorophyll fluorescence as a byproduct. Both chlorophyll pigments and fluorescence can be measured by Earth-orbiting satellite sensors. Here we demonstrate that leaf photosynthetic capacity can be reliably derived globally using these measurements. This new satellite-based information overcomes a bottleneck in global ecological research where such spatially explicit information is currently lacking.
Ruqi Yang, Jun Wang, Ning Zeng, Stephen Sitch, Wenhan Tang, Matthew Joseph McGrath, Qixiang Cai, Di Liu, Danica Lombardozzi, Hanqin Tian, Atul K. Jain, and Pengfei Han
Earth Syst. Dynam., 13, 833–849, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-833-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-833-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We comprehensively investigate historical GPP trends based on five kinds of GPP datasets and analyze the causes for any discrepancies among them. Results show contrasting behaviors between modeled and satellite-based GPP trends, and their inconsistencies are likely caused by the contrasting performance between satellite-derived and modeled leaf area index (LAI). Thus, the uncertainty in satellite-based GPP induced by LAI undermines its role in assessing the performance of DGVM simulations.
Fei Jiang, Hengmao Wang, Jing M. Chen, Weimin Ju, Xiangjun Tian, Shuzhuang Feng, Guicai Li, Zhuoqi Chen, Shupeng Zhang, Xuehe Lu, Jane Liu, Haikun Wang, Jun Wang, Wei He, and Mousong Wu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1963–1985, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1963-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1963-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present a 6-year inversion from 2010 to 2015 for the global and regional carbon fluxes using only the GOSAT XCO2 retrievals. We find that the XCO2 retrievals could significantly improve the modeling of atmospheric CO2 concentrations and that the inferred interannual variations in the terrestrial carbon fluxes in most land regions have a better relationship with the changes in severe drought area or leaf area index, or are more consistent with the previous estimates about drought impact.
Yi Zheng, Ruoque Shen, Yawen Wang, Xiangqian Li, Shuguang Liu, Shunlin Liang, Jing M. Chen, Weimin Ju, Li Zhang, and Wenping Yuan
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 2725–2746, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2725-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2725-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Accurately reproducing the interannual variations in vegetation gross primary production (GPP) is a major challenge. A global GPP dataset was generated by integrating the regulations of several major environmental variables with long-term changes. The dataset can effectively reproduce the spatial, seasonal, and particularly interannual variations in global GPP. Our study will contribute to accurate carbon flux estimates at long timescales.
Zhi-Zhen Ni, Kun Luo, Yang Gao, Xiang Gao, Fei Jiang, Cheng Huang, Jian-Ren Fan, Joshua S. Fu, and Chang-Hong Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 5963–5976, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5963-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5963-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Weather Research Forecast with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model was used to simulate spatial and temporal O3 evolution in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region. Various atmospheric processes were analyzed to determine the influential factors of ozone formation through the integrated process rate method. This paper provides insight into urban O3 formation and dispersion during tropical cyclone events and supports the Model Intercomparison Study Asia Phase III (MICS-Asia Phase III).
Hengmao Wang, Fei Jiang, Jun Wang, Weimin Ju, and Jing M. Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 12067–12082, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12067-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12067-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The differences in inverted global and regional carbon fluxes from GOSAT and OCO-2 XCO2 from 1 January to 31 December 2015 are studied. We find significant differences for inverted terrestrial carbon fluxes on both global and regional scales. Overall, GOSAT XCO2 has a better performance than OCO-2, and GOSAT data can effectively improve carbon flux estimates in the Northern Hemisphere, while OCO-2 data, with the specific version used in this study, show only slight improvement.
Xiaojin Qian, Liangyun Liu, Holly Croft, and Jingming Chen
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2019-228, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2019-228, 2019
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
The leaf maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax) is a key photosynthesis parameter. We attempt to investigate whether a universal and stable relationship exists between leaf Vcmax25 and chlorophyll content across different C3 plant types from a plant physiological perspective and verify it using field experiments. The results confirm that leaf chlorophyll can be a reliable proxy for estimating Vcmax25, providing an operational approach for the global mapping of Vcmax25 across different plant types.
Xufei Liu, Xiaopu Lyu, Yu Wang, Fei Jiang, and Hai Guo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 5127–5145, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5127-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5127-2019, 2019
Anna Katinka Petersen, Guy P. Brasseur, Idir Bouarar, Johannes Flemming, Michael Gauss, Fei Jiang, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Richard Kranenburg, Bas Mijling, Vincent-Henri Peuch, Matthieu Pommier, Arjo Segers, Mikhail Sofiev, Renske Timmermans, Ronald van der A, Stacy Walters, Ying Xie, Jianming Xu, and Guangqiang Zhou
Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 1241–1266, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-1241-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-1241-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
An operational multi-model forecasting system for air quality is providing daily forecasts of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter for 37 urban areas of China. The paper presents the evaluation of the different forecasts performed during the first year of operation.
Xiaopu Lyu, Nan Wang, Hai Guo, Likun Xue, Fei Jiang, Yangzong Zeren, Hairong Cheng, Zhe Cai, Lihui Han, and Ying Zhou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 3025–3042, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3025-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3025-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Through analyses on the synoptic systems, pollution characteristics of O3 precursors, and modeling of local O3 formation and processes influencing O3 level, we found that this O3 pollution event was induced by a uniform pressure field over the Shandong Peninsula and also aggravated by a low-pressure trough in the last few days. This finding indicated that the NCP might be an O3 source region, which exported photochemical pollution to the adjoining regions or even to the neighboring countries.
Guy P. Brasseur, Ying Xie, Anna Katinka Petersen, Idir Bouarar, Johannes Flemming, Michael Gauss, Fei Jiang, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Richard Kranenburg, Bas Mijling, Vincent-Henri Peuch, Matthieu Pommier, Arjo Segers, Mikhail Sofiev, Renske Timmermans, Ronald van der A, Stacy Walters, Jianming Xu, and Guangqiang Zhou
Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 33–67, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-33-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-33-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
An operational multi-model forecasting system for air quality provides daily forecasts of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter for 37 urban areas in China. The paper presents an intercomparison of the different forecasts performed during a specific period of time and highlights recurrent differences between the model output. Pathways to improve the forecasts by the multi-model system are suggested.
Derong Zhou, Ke Ding, Xin Huang, Lixia Liu, Qiang Liu, Zhengning Xu, Fei Jiang, Congbin Fu, and Aijun Ding
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 16345–16361, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16345-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16345-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the vertical distribution, transport characteristics, source contribution and meteorological feedback of dust, biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion aerosols for a unique pollution episode that occurred in late March 2015 in eastern Asia, based on various measurement data and modeling methods. We found that cold front played an important role in the long-range transport of different pollutants and caused a three-layer vertical structure of pollutants over eastern China.
Mousong Wu, Per-Erik Jansson, Jingwei Wu, Xiao Tan, Kang Wang, Peng Chen, and Jiesheng Huang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2018-466, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2018-466, 2018
Revised manuscript not accepted
Wei He, Ivar R. van der Velde, Arlyn E. Andrews, Colm Sweeney, John Miller, Pieter Tans, Ingrid T. van der Laan-Luijkx, Thomas Nehrkorn, Marikate Mountain, Weimin Ju, Wouter Peters, and Huilin Chen
Geosci. Model Dev., 11, 3515–3536, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-3515-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-3515-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We have implemented a regional, high-resolution, and computationally attractive carbon dioxide data assimilation system. This system, named CTDAS-Lagrange, is capable of simultaneously optimizing terrestrial biosphere fluxes and the lateral boundary conditions. The CTDAS-Lagrange system can be easily extended to assimilate an additional tracer, e.g., carbonyl sulfide (COS or OCS), for regional estimates of both net and gross carbon fluxes.
Jun Wang, Ning Zeng, Meirong Wang, Fei Jiang, Jingming Chen, Pierre Friedlingstein, Atul K. Jain, Ziqiang Jiang, Weimin Ju, Sebastian Lienert, Julia Nabel, Stephen Sitch, Nicolas Viovy, Hengmao Wang, and Andrew J. Wiltshire
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 10333–10345, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10333-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10333-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Based on the Mauna Loa CO2 records and TRENDY multi-model historical simulations, we investigate the different impacts of EP and CP El Niños on interannual carbon cycle variability. Composite analysis indicates that the evolutions of CO2 growth rate anomalies have three clear differences in terms of precursors (negative and neutral), amplitudes (strong and weak), and durations of peak (Dec–Apr and Oct–Jan) during EP and CP El Niños, respectively. We further discuss their terrestrial mechanisms.
Mary E. Whelan, Sinikka T. Lennartz, Teresa E. Gimeno, Richard Wehr, Georg Wohlfahrt, Yuting Wang, Linda M. J. Kooijmans, Timothy W. Hilton, Sauveur Belviso, Philippe Peylin, Róisín Commane, Wu Sun, Huilin Chen, Le Kuai, Ivan Mammarella, Kadmiel Maseyk, Max Berkelhammer, King-Fai Li, Dan Yakir, Andrew Zumkehr, Yoko Katayama, Jérôme Ogée, Felix M. Spielmann, Florian Kitz, Bharat Rastogi, Jürgen Kesselmeier, Julia Marshall, Kukka-Maaria Erkkilä, Lisa Wingate, Laura K. Meredith, Wei He, Rüdiger Bunk, Thomas Launois, Timo Vesala, Johan A. Schmidt, Cédric G. Fichot, Ulli Seibt, Scott Saleska, Eric S. Saltzman, Stephen A. Montzka, Joseph A. Berry, and J. Elliott Campbell
Biogeosciences, 15, 3625–3657, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3625-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3625-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Measurements of the trace gas carbonyl sulfide (OCS) are helpful in quantifying photosynthesis at previously unknowable temporal and spatial scales. While CO2 is both consumed and produced within ecosystems, OCS is mostly produced in the oceans or from specific industries, and destroyed in plant leaves in proportion to CO2. This review summarizes the advancements we have made in the understanding of OCS exchange and applications to vital ecosystem water and carbon cycle questions.
Zhi-zhen Ni, Kun Luo, Yang Gao, Fei Jiang, Xiang Gao, Jian-ren Fan, and Chang-hong Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-76, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-76, 2018
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
A unique mechanism was found to modulate the high ozone episodes in Hangzhou during G20 summit: Driven by tropical cyclone convergence, prevailing north winds brought in emission sources; with invasion of tropical cycle, subsidence air and stagnant weather was induced, as well as the urban heat island effect, intensifying the ozone enhancement. Different atmospheric processes were further analyzed to elucidate the control factors of ozone formation through integrated process rate method.
Hao Wang, Xiaopu Lyu, Hai Guo, Yu Wang, Shichun Zou, Zhenhao Ling, Xinming Wang, Fei Jiang, Yangzong Zeren, Wenzhuo Pan, Xiaobo Huang, and Jin Shen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 4277–4295, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-4277-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-4277-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
While oceanic air is generally thought to be clean, the air pollution over waters in proximity to the coasts is not well recognized. This research indicated that ozone was higher over South China Sea (SCS) than that in the adjacent continental area, while continental anticyclone, tropical cyclone and land breeze favored O3 formation over SCS. In addition, weaker NO titration and stronger atmospheric oxidative capacity led to higher O3 production efficiency over SCS.
Jun Wang, Ning Zeng, Meirong Wang, Fei Jiang, Hengmao Wang, and Ziqiang Jiang
Earth Syst. Dynam., 9, 1–14, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-1-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-1-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Behaviors of terrestrial ecosystems differ in different El Niños. We analyze terrestrial carbon cycle responses to two extreme El Niños (2015/16 and 1997/98), and find large differences. We find that global land–atmosphere carbon flux anomaly was about 2 times smaller in 2015/16 than in 1997/98 event, without the obvious lagged response. Then we illustrate the climatic and biological mechanisms of the different terrestrial carbon cycle responses in 2015/16 and 1997/98 El Niños regionally.
Ingrid T. van der Laan-Luijkx, Ivar R. van der Velde, Emma van der Veen, Aki Tsuruta, Karolina Stanislawska, Arne Babenhauserheide, Hui Fang Zhang, Yu Liu, Wei He, Huilin Chen, Kenneth A. Masarie, Maarten C. Krol, and Wouter Peters
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 2785–2800, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-2785-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-2785-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The CarbonTracker Data Assimilation Shell (CTDAS) is the new modular implementation of the CarbonTracker Europe (CTE) data assimilation system. We present and document CTDAS and demonstrate its ability to estimate global carbon sources and sinks. We present the latest CTE results including the distribution of the carbon sinks over the hemispheres and between the land biosphere and the oceans. We show the versatility of CTDAS with an overview of the wide range of other applications.
Yang Liu, Ronggao Liu, Jan Pisek, and Jing M. Chen
Biogeosciences, 14, 1093–1110, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1093-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1093-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Forest overstory and understory layers differ in carbon and water cycle regimes and phenology, as well as ecosystem functions. In this paper, overstory and understory LAI values were estimated separately for global needleleaf and deciduous broadleaf forests. This work would help us better understand the seasonal patterns of forest structure, evaluate the ecosystem functions and improve the modeling of the forest carbon and water cycles.
Mousong Wu, Per-Erik Jansson, Xiao Tan, Jiesheng Huang, and Jingwei Wu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2016-507, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2016-507, 2016
Revised manuscript not accepted
Jun Wang, Ning Zeng, and Meirong Wang
Biogeosciences, 13, 2339–2352, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2339-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2339-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Relative contribution from precipitation and temperature to interannual variability (IAV) of atmospheric CO2 growth rate (CGR) remains uncertain. We found that CGR IAV has a slightly higher correlation coefficient with temperature than precipitation. However, Trendy models can well simulate the IAV and consistently show net primary production dominates it. These mechanistic analyses suggest a key role of precipitation in CGR IAV despite the higher CGR correlation with temperature.
S. Zhang, X. Zheng, J. M. Chen, Z. Chen, B. Dan, X. Yi, L. Wang, and G. Wu
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 805–816, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-805-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-805-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
A Global Carbon Assimilation System based on the Ensemble Kalman filter (GCAS-EK) is developed for assimilating atmospheric CO2 data into an ecosystem model to simultaneously estimate the surface carbon fluxes and atmospheric CO2 distribution. This assimilation approach is similar to CarbonTracker, but with several new developments. The results showed that this assimilation approach can effectively reduce the biases and uncertainties of the carbon fluxes simulated by the ecosystem model.
K. Ding, J. Liu, A. Ding, Q. Liu, T. L. Zhao, J. Shi, Y. Han, H. Wang, and F. Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 2843–2866, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2843-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2843-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
1. High CO abundances of 300-550 ppbv is shown in aircraft MOZAIC data between 700 and 300 hPa over East Asia in three episodes. Correspondingly, elevated CO is observed in satellite MOPITT data at similar altitudes.
2. GEOS-Chem and FLEXPART simulations reveal distinct uplifting processes for CO from fires and anthropogenic sources in the cases.
3. Topography in East Asia affects uplifting of CO in different ways.
4. The new version 5 MOPITT data can help diagnose vertical transport of CO.
H. Zheng, Y. Li, J. M. Chen, T. Wang, Q. Huang, W. X. Huang, L. H. Wang, S. M. Li, W. P. Yuan, X. Zheng, S. P. Zhang, Z. Q. Chen, and F. Jiang
Biogeosciences, 12, 1131–1150, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1131-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1131-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Ecological models often suffer from substantial biases due to inaccurate simulations of complex ecological processes. We introduce a set of scaling factors (parameters) for an ecological model on the basis of plant functional type (PFT) and latitudes. A global carbon assimilation system (GCAS-DOM) is developed by employing a dual optimization method (DOM) to invert the time-dependent ecological model parameter state and the net carbon flux state on 1 degree grid cells simultaneously.
F. Jiang, H. M. Wang, J. M. Chen, T. Machida, L. X. Zhou, W. M. Ju, H. Matsueda, and Y. Sawa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 10133–10144, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10133-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10133-2014, 2014
Y. Liu, Y. Zhou, W. Ju, S. Wang, X. Wu, M. He, and G. Zhu
Biogeosciences, 11, 2583–2599, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2583-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2583-2014, 2014
Y. Liu, Y. Zhou, W. Ju, J. Chen, S. Wang, H. He, H. Wang, D. Guan, F. Zhao, Y. Li, and Y. Hao
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 4957–4980, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4957-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4957-2013, 2013
M. Liu, H. Wang, H. Wang, T. Oda, Y. Zhao, X. Yang, R. Zang, B. Zang, J. Bi, and J. Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 10873–10882, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-10873-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-10873-2013, 2013
F. Jiang, H. W. Wang, J. M. Chen, L. X. Zhou, W. M. Ju, A. J. Ding, L. X. Liu, and W. Peters
Biogeosciences, 10, 5311–5324, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5311-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5311-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Domain: ESSD – Atmosphere | Subject: Atmospheric chemistry and physics
Introduction to the NJIAS Himawari-8/9 Cloud Feature Dataset for climate and typhoon research
The Tibetan Plateau space-based tropospheric aerosol climatology: 2007–2020
PalVol v1: a proxy-based semi-stochastic ensemble reconstruction of volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection for the last glacial cycle (140 000–50 BP)
Ground- and ship-based microwave radiometer measurements during EUREC4A
Shortwave and longwave components of the surface radiation budget measured at the Thule High Arctic Atmospheric Observatory, Northern Greenland
Cloud condensation nuclei concentrations derived from the CAMS reanalysis
A merged continental planetary boundary layer height dataset based on high-resolution radiosonde measurements, ERA5 reanalysis, and GLDAS
High-resolution physicochemical dataset of atmospheric aerosols over the Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings
12 years of continuous atmospheric O2, CO2 and APO data from Weybourne Atmospheric Observatory in the United Kingdom
CLAAS-3: the third edition of the CM SAF cloud data record based on SEVIRI observations
Using machine learning to construct TOMCAT model and occultation measurement-based stratospheric methane (TCOM-CH4) and nitrous oxide (TCOM-N2O) profile data sets
A Level 3 Monthly Gridded Ice Cloud Dataset Derived from a Decade of CALIOP Measurements
High-resolution aerosol data from the top 3.8 kyr of the East Greenland Ice coring Project (EGRIP) ice core
A database of aircraft measurements of carbon monoxide (CO) with high temporal and spatial resolution during 2011–2021
DCMEX coordinated aircraft and ground observations: Microphysics, aerosol and dynamics during cumulonimbus development
Global Anthropogenic Emissions (CAMS-GLOB-ANT) for the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service Simulations of Air Quality Forecasts and Reanalyses
The Total Carbon Column Observing Network's GGG2020 Data Version
A first global height-resolved cloud condensation nuclei data set derived from spaceborne lidar measurements
A monthly 1° resolution dataset of daytime cloud fraction over the Arctic during 2000–2020 based on multiple satellite products
Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) trace gas measurements at the University of Toronto Atmospheric Observatory from 2002 to 2020
Deconstruction of tropospheric chemical reactivity using aircraft measurements: the Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom) data
Spatial variability of Saharan dust deposition revealed through a citizen science campaign
Radiative sensitivity quantified by a new set of radiation flux kernels based on the ECMWF Reanalysis v5 (ERA5)
Updated observations of clouds by MODIS for global model assessment
An extensive database of airborne trace gas and meteorological observations from the Alpha Jet Atmospheric eXperiment (AJAX)
Two years of volatile organic compound online in situ measurements at the Site Instrumental de Recherche par Télédétection Atmosphérique (Paris region, France) using proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry
Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) daily and monthly level-3 products of atmospheric trace gas columns
Crowdsourced Doppler measurements of time standard stations demonstrating ionospheric variability
A machine learning approach to address air quality changes during the COVID-19 lockdown in Buenos Aires, Argentina
Version 2 of the global catalogue of large anthropogenic and volcanic SO2 sources and emissions derived from satellite measurements
World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) Global Lightning Climatology (WGLC) and time series, 2022 update
Long-term ash dispersal dataset of the Sakurajima Taisho eruption for ashfall disaster countermeasure
Full-coverage 250 m monthly aerosol optical depth dataset (2000–2019) amended with environmental covariates by an ensemble machine learning model over arid and semi-arid areas, NW China
The polar mesospheric cloud dataset of the Balloon Lidar Experiment (BOLIDE)
Multiyear emissions of carbonaceous aerosols from cooking, fireworks, sacrificial incense, joss paper burning, and barbecue as well as their key driving forces in China
Impacts of the proposal of the CNG2020 strategy on aircraft emissions of China–foreign routes
Northern hemispheric atmospheric ethane trends in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (2006–2016) with reference to methane and propane
New contributions of measurements in Europe to the global inventory of the stable isotopic composition of methane
International Monitoring System infrasound data products for atmospheric studies and civilian applications
A benchmark dataset of diurnal- and seasonal-scale radiation, heat, and CO2 fluxes in a typical East Asian monsoon region
Attenuated atmospheric backscatter profiles measured by the CO2 Sounder lidar in the 2017 ASCENDS/ABoVE airborne campaign
Climatology of aerosol component concentrations derived from multi-angular polarimetric POLDER-3 observations using GRASP algorithm
Reconstructing 6-hourly PM2.5 datasets from 1960 to 2020 in China
Xiaoyong Zhuge, Xiaolei Zou, Lu Yu, Xin Li, Mingjian Zeng, Yilun Chen, Bing Zhang, Bin Yao, Fei Tang, Fengjiao Chen, and Wanlin Kan
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1747–1769, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1747-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1747-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Himawari-8/9 level-2 operational cloud product has a low spatial resolution and is available only during the daytime. To supplement this official dataset, a new dataset named the NJIAS Himawari-8/9 Cloud Feature Dataset (HCFD) was constructed. The NJIAS HCFD provides a comprehensive description of cloud features over the East Asia and west North Pacific regions for the years 2016–2022 by 30 retrieved cloud variables. The NJIAS HCFD has been demonstrated to outperform the official dataset.
Honglin Pan, Jianping Huang, Jiming Li, Zhongwei Huang, Minzhong Wang, Ali Mamtimin, Wen Huo, Fan Yang, Tian Zhou, and Kanike Raghavendra Kumar
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1185–1207, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1185-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1185-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We applied several correction procedures and rigorously checked for data quality constraints during the long observation period spanning almost 14 years (2007–2020). Nevertheless, some uncertainties remain, mainly due to technical constraints and limited documentation of the measurements. Even though not completely accurate, this strategy is expected to at least reduce the inaccuracy of the computed characteristic value of aerosol optical parameters.
Julie Christin Schindlbeck-Belo, Matthew Toohey, Marion Jegen, Steffen Kutterolf, and Kira Rehfeld
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1063–1081, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1063-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1063-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Volcanic forcing of climate resulting from major explosive eruptions is a dominant natural driver of past climate variability. To support model studies of the potential impacts of explosive volcanism on climate variability across timescales, we present an ensemble reconstruction of volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection over the last 140 000 years that is based primarily on tephra records.
Sabrina Schnitt, Andreas Foth, Heike Kalesse-Los, Mario Mech, Claudia Acquistapace, Friedhelm Jansen, Ulrich Löhnert, Bernhard Pospichal, Johannes Röttenbacher, Susanne Crewell, and Bjorn Stevens
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 681–700, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-681-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-681-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This publication describes the microwave radiometric measurements performed during the EUREC4A campaign at Barbados Cloud Observatory (BCO) and aboard RV Meteor and RV Maria S Merian. We present retrieved integrated water vapor (IWV), liquid water path (LWP), and temperature and humidity profiles as a unified, quality-controlled, multi-site data set on a 3 s temporal resolution for a core period between 19 January 2020 and 14 February 2020.
Daniela Meloni, Filippo Calì Quaglia, Virginia Ciardini, Annalisa Di Bernardino, Tatiana Di Iorio, Antonio Iaccarino, Giovanni Muscari, Giandomenico Pace, Claudio Scarchilli, and Alcide di Sarra
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 543–566, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-543-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-543-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Solar and infrared radiation are key factors in determining Arctic climate. Only a few sites in the Arctic perform long-term measurements of the surface radiation budget (SRB). At the Thule High Arctic Atmospheric Observatory (THAAO, 76.5° N, 68.8° W) in Northern Greenland, solar and infrared irradiance measurements were started in 2009. These data are of paramount importance in studying the impact of the atmospheric (mainly clouds and aerosols) and surface (albedo) parameters on the SRB.
Karoline Block, Mahnoosh Haghighatnasab, Daniel G. Partridge, Philip Stier, and Johannes Quaas
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 443–470, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-443-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-443-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosols being able to act as condensation nuclei for cloud droplets (CCNs) are a key element in cloud formation but very difficult to determine. In this study we present a new global vertically resolved CCN dataset for various humidity conditions and aerosols. It is obtained using an atmospheric model (CAMS reanalysis) that is fed by satellite observations of light extinction (AOD). We investigate and evaluate the abundance of CCNs in the atmosphere and their temporal and spatial occurrence.
Jianping Guo, Jian Zhang, Jia Shao, Tianmeng Chen, Kaixu Bai, Yuping Sun, Ning Li, Jingyan Wu, Rui Li, Jian Li, Qiyun Guo, Jason B. Cohen, Panmao Zhai, Xiaofeng Xu, and Fei Hu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1–14, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A global continental merged high-resolution (PBLH) dataset with good accuracy compared to radiosonde is generated via machine learning algorithms, covering the period from 2011 to 2021 with 3-hour and 0.25º resolution in space and time. The machine learning model takes parameters derived from the ERA5 reanalysis and GLDAS product as input, with PBLH biases between radiosonde and ERA5 as the learning targets. The merged PBLH is the sum of the predicted PBLH bias and the PBLH from ERA5.
Jianzhong Xu, Xinghua Zhang, Wenhui Zhao, Lixiang Zhai, Miao Zhao, Jinsen Shi, Junying Sun, Yanmei Liu, Conghui Xie, Yulong Tan, Kemei Li, Xinlei Ge, Qi Zhang, and Shichang Kang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-506, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-506, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
A comprehensive aerosol observation project was carried out in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and its surrounding in recent years to investigate the properties and sources of atmospheric aerosols as well as their regional differences by performing multiple intensive field observations. The release of this dataset can provide basic and systematic data for related researches in atmospheric, cryospheric, and environmental sciences in this unique region.
Karina E. Adcock, Penelope A. Pickers, Andrew C. Manning, Grant L. Forster, Leigh S. Fleming, Thomas Barningham, Philip A. Wilson, Elena A. Kozlova, Marica Hewitt, Alex J. Etchells, and Andy J. Macdonald
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 5183–5206, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5183-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5183-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a 12-year time series of continuous atmospheric measurements of O2 and CO2 at the Weybourne Atmospheric Observatory in the United Kingdom. These measurements are combined into the term atmospheric potential oxygen (APO), a tracer that is not influenced by land biosphere processes. The datasets show a long-term increasing trend in CO2 and decreasing trends in O2 and APO between 2010 and 2021.
Nikos Benas, Irina Solodovnik, Martin Stengel, Imke Hüser, Karl-Göran Karlsson, Nina Håkansson, Erik Johansson, Salomon Eliasson, Marc Schröder, Rainer Hollmann, and Jan Fokke Meirink
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 5153–5170, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5153-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5153-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes CLAAS-3, the third edition of the Cloud property dAtAset using SEVIRI, which was created based on observations from geostationary Meteosat satellites. CLAAS-3 cloud properties are evaluated using a variety of reference datasets, with very good overall results. The demonstrated quality of CLAAS-3 ensures its usefulness in a wide range of applications, including studies of local- to continental-scale cloud processes and evaluation of climate models.
Sandip S. Dhomse and Martyn P. Chipperfield
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 5105–5120, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5105-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5105-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
There are no long-term stratospheric profile data sets for two very important greenhouse gases: methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Along with radiative feedback, these species play an important role in controlling ozone loss in the stratosphere. Here, we use machine learning to fuse satellite measurements with a chemical model to construct long-term gap-free profile data sets for CH4 and N2O. We aim to construct similar data sets for other important trace gases (e.g. O3, Cly, NOy species).
David Winker, Xia Cai, Mark Vaughan, Anne Garnier, Brian Magill, Melody Avery, and Brian Getzewich
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-373, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-373, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Clouds play important roles in both weather and climate. We describe Version 1.0 of a monthly globally gridded ice cloud data product containing vertically resolved statistics on the occurrence and properties of ice clouds, built from the curtains of lidar profile data from the CALIPSO satellite acquired over a 10-year period. This product should provide significant value for cloud research and the evaluation of clouds simulated in weather and climate models.
Tobias Erhardt, Camilla Marie Jensen, Florian Adolphi, Helle Astrid Kjær, Remi Dallmayr, Birthe Twarloh, Melanie Behrens, Motohiro Hirabayashi, Kaori Fukuda, Jun Ogata, François Burgay, Federico Scoto, Ilaria Crotti, Azzurra Spagnesi, Niccoló Maffezzoli, Delia Segato, Chiara Paleari, Florian Mekhaldi, Raimund Muscheler, Sophie Darfeuil, and Hubertus Fischer
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 5079–5091, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5079-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5079-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The presented paper provides a 3.8 kyr long dataset of aerosol concentrations from the East Greenland Ice coring Project (EGRIP) ice core. The data consists of 1 mm depth-resolution profiles of calcium, sodium, ammonium, nitrate, and electrolytic conductivity as well as decadal averages of these profiles. Alongside the data a detailed description of the measurement setup as well as a discussion of the uncertainties are given.
Chaoyang Xue, Gisèle Krysztofiak, Vanessa Brocchi, Stéphane Chevrier, Michel Chartier, Patrick Jacquet, Claude Robert, and Valéry Catoire
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 4553–4569, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4553-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4553-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
To understand tropospheric air pollution at regional and global scales, an infrared laser spectrometer called SPIRIT was used on aircraft to rapidly and accurately measure carbon monoxide (CO), an important indicator of air pollution, during the last decade. Measurements were taken for more than 200 flight hours over three continents. Levels of CO are mapped with 3D trajectories for each flight. Additionally, this can be used to validate model performance and satellite measurements.
Declan L. Finney, Alan M. Blyth, Martin Gallagher, Huihui Wu, Graeme Nott, Mike Biggerstaff, Richard G. Sonnenfeld, Martin Daily, Dan Walker, David Dufton, Keith Bower, Steven Boeing, Thomas Choularton, Jonathan Crosier, James Groves, Paul R. Field, Hugh Coe, Benjamin J. Murray, Gary Lloyd, Nicholas A. Marsden, Michael Flynn, Kezhen Hu, Naveneeth M. Thamban, Paul I. Williams, James B. McQuaid, Joseph Robinson, Gordon Carrie, Robert Moore, Graydon Aulich, Ralph R. Burton, and Paul J. Connolly
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-303, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-303, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Deep convective clouds are a source of large uncertainty in predictions of surface temperature response to carbon dioxide. It is the effect of clouds on incoming sunlight and outgoing heat that matters. The DCMEX 2022 campaign in New Mexico collected data with an aircraft, radars, and other instruments. They give new detail on the role of aerosol and cloud ice in cloud formation. Combined with satellite data, the dataset can be used to explore the cloud impact on sunlight and heat.
Antonin Soulie, Claire Granier, Sabine Darras, Nicolas Zilbermann, Thierno Doumbia, Marc Guevara, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Sekou Keita, Cathy Liousse, Monica Crippa, Diego Guizzardi, Rachel Hoesly, and Steven Smith
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-306, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-306, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Anthropogenic emissions are the result of transportation, power generation, industrial, residential and commercial activities, waste treatment and agriculture practices. This paper describes the new CAMS-GLOB-ANT gridded inventory of 2000–2023 anthropogenic emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases. The methodology to generate the emissions is explained, and the datasets are analysed and compared with publicly available global and regional inventories for selected world regions.
Joshua L. Laughner, Geoffrey C. Toon, Joseph Mendonca, Christof Petri, Sébastien Roche, Debra Wunch, Jean-Francois Blavier, David W. T. Griffith, Pauli Heikkinen, Ralph F. Keeling, Matthäus Kiel, Rigel Kivi, Coleen M. Roehl, Britton B. Stephens, Bianca C. Baier, Huilin Chen, Yonghoon Choi, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Joshua P. DiGangi, Jochen Gross, Benedikt Herkommer, Pascal Jeseck, Thomas Laemmel, Xin Lan, Erin McGee, Kathryn McKain, John Miller, Isamu Morino, Justus Notholt, Hirofumi Ohyama, David F. Pollard, Markus Rettinger, Haris Riris, Constantina Rousogenous, Mahesh Kumar Sha, Kei Shiomi, Kimberly Strong, Ralf Sussmann, Yao Té, Voltaire A. Velazco, Steven C. Wofsy, Minqiang Zhou, and Paul O. Wennberg
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-331, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-331, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes a new version, called GGG2020, of a dataset containing column-integrated observations of greenhouse and related gases (including CO2, CH4, CO, and N2O) made by ground stations located around the world. Compared to the previous version (GGG2014), improvements have been made towards site-to-site consistency. This dataset plays a key role in validating space-based greenhouse gas observations and in understanding the carbon cycle.
Goutam Choudhury and Matthias Tesche
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3747–3760, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3747-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3747-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosols in the atmosphere that can form liquid cloud droplets are called cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Accurate measurements of CCN, especially CCN of anthropogenic origin, are necessary to quantify the effect of anthropogenic aerosols on the present-day as well as future climate. In this paper, we describe a novel global 3D CCN data set calculated from satellite measurements. We also discuss the potential applications of the data in the context of aerosol–cloud interactions.
Xinyan Liu, Tao He, Shunlin Liang, Ruibo Li, Xiongxin Xiao, Rui Ma, and Yichuan Ma
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3641–3671, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3641-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3641-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We proposed a data fusion strategy that combines the complementary features of multiple-satellite cloud fraction (CF) datasets and generated a continuous monthly 1° daytime cloud fraction product covering the entire Arctic during the sunlit months in 2000–2020. This study has positive significance for reducing the uncertainties for the assessment of surface radiation fluxes and improving the accuracy of research related to climate change and energy budgets, both regionally and globally.
Shoma Yamanouchi, Stephanie Conway, Kimberly Strong, Orfeo Colebatch, Erik Lutsch, Sébastien Roche, Jeffrey Taylor, Cynthia H. Whaley, and Aldona Wiacek
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3387–3418, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3387-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3387-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Nineteen years of atmospheric composition measurements made at the University of Toronto Atmospheric Observatory (TAO; 43.66° N, 79.40° W; 174 m.a.s.l.) are presented. These are retrieved from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) solar absorption spectra recorded with a spectrometer from May 2002 to December 2020. The retrievals have been optimized for fourteen species: O3, HCl, HF, HNO3, CH4, C2H6, CO, HCN, N2O, C2H2, H2CO, CH3OH, HCOOH, and NH3.
Michael J. Prather, Hao Guo, and Xin Zhu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3299–3349, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3299-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3299-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom) measured the chemical composition in air parcels from 0–12 km altitude on 2 km horizontal by 80 m vertical scales for four seasons, resolving most scales of chemical heterogeneity. ATom is one of the first missions designed to calculate the chemical evolution of each parcel, providing semi-global diurnal budgets for ozone and methane. Observations covered the remote troposphere: Pacific and Atlantic Ocean basins, Southern Ocean, Arctic basin, Antarctica.
Marie Dumont, Simon Gascoin, Marion Réveillet, Didier Voisin, François Tuzet, Laurent Arnaud, Mylène Bonnefoy, Montse Bacardit Peñarroya, Carlo Carmagnola, Alexandre Deguine, Aurélie Diacre, Lukas Dürr, Olivier Evrard, Firmin Fontaine, Amaury Frankl, Mathieu Fructus, Laure Gandois, Isabelle Gouttevin, Abdelfateh Gherab, Pascal Hagenmuller, Sophia Hansson, Hervé Herbin, Béatrice Josse, Bruno Jourdain, Irene Lefevre, Gaël Le Roux, Quentin Libois, Lucie Liger, Samuel Morin, Denis Petitprez, Alvaro Robledano, Martin Schneebeli, Pascal Salze, Delphine Six, Emmanuel Thibert, Jürg Trachsel, Matthieu Vernay, Léo Viallon-Galinier, and Céline Voiron
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3075–3094, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3075-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3075-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Saharan dust outbreaks have profound effects on ecosystems, climate, health, and the cryosphere, but the spatial deposition pattern of Saharan dust is poorly known. Following the extreme dust deposition event of February 2021 across Europe, a citizen science campaign was launched to sample dust on snow over the Pyrenees and the European Alps. This campaign triggered wide interest and over 100 samples. The samples revealed the high variability of the dust properties within a single event.
Han Huang and Yi Huang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 3001–3021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3001-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3001-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a newly generated set of ERA5-based radiative kernels and compare them with other published kernels for the top of the atmosphere and surface radiation budgets. For both, the discrepancies in sensitivity values are generally of small magnitude, except for temperature kernels for the surface, likely due to improper treatment in the perturbation experiments used for kernel computation. The kernel bias is not a major cause of the inter-GCM (general circulation model) feedback spread.
Robert Pincus, Paul A. Hubanks, Steven Platnick, Kerry Meyer, Robert E. Holz, Denis Botambekov, and Casey J. Wall
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2483–2497, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2483-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2483-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes a new global dataset of cloud properties observed by a specific satellite program created to facilitate comparison with a matching observational proxy used in climate models. Statistics are accumulated over daily and monthly timescales on an equal-angle grid. Statistics include cloud detection, cloud-top pressure, and cloud optical properties. Joint histograms of several variable pairs are also available.
Emma L. Yates, Laura T. Iraci, Susan S. Kulawik, Ju-Mee Ryoo, Josette E. Marrero, Caroline L. Parworth, Jason M. St. Clair, Thomas F. Hanisco, Thao Paul V. Bui, Cecilia S. Chang, and Jonathan M. Dean-Day
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2375–2389, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2375-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2375-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Alpha Jet Atmospheric eXperiment (AJAX) flew scientific flights between 2011 and 2018 providing measurements of carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, formaldehyde, water vapor and meteorological parameters over California and Nevada, USA. AJAX was a multi-year, multi-objective, multi-instrument program with a variety of sampling strategies resulting in an extensive dataset of interest to a wide variety of users. AJAX measurements have been published at https://asdc.larc.nasa.gov/project/AJAX.
Leïla Simon, Valérie Gros, Jean-Eudes Petit, François Truong, Roland Sarda-Estève, Carmen Kalalian, Alexia Baudic, Caroline Marchand, and Olivier Favez
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1947–1968, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1947-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1947-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been set up to better characterize the atmospheric chemistry at the SIRTA national facility (Paris area, France). Results obtained from the first 2 years (2020–2021) confirm the importance of local sources for short-lived compounds and the role played by meteorology and air mass origins in the long-term analysis of VOCs. They also point to a substantial influence of anthropogenic on the monoterpene loadings.
Ka Lok Chan, Pieter Valks, Klaus-Peter Heue, Ronny Lutz, Pascal Hedelt, Diego Loyola, Gaia Pinardi, Michel Van Roozendael, François Hendrick, Thomas Wagner, Vinod Kumar, Alkis Bais, Ankie Piters, Hitoshi Irie, Hisahiro Takashima, Yugo Kanaya, Yongjoo Choi, Kihong Park, Jihyo Chong, Alexander Cede, Udo Frieß, Andreas Richter, Jianzhong Ma, Nuria Benavent, Robert Holla, Oleg Postylyakov, Claudia Rivera Cárdenas, and Mark Wenig
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1831–1870, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1831-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1831-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents the theoretical basis as well as verification and validation of the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) daily and monthly level-3 products.
Kristina Collins, John Gibbons, Nathaniel Frissell, Aidan Montare, David Kazdan, Darren Kalmbach, David Swartz, Robert Benedict, Veronica Romanek, Rachel Boedicker, William Liles, William Engelke, David G. McGaw, James Farmer, Gary Mikitin, Joseph Hobart, George Kavanagh, and Shibaji Chakraborty
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1403–1418, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1403-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1403-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper summarizes radio data collected by citizen scientists, which can be used to analyze the charged part of Earth's upper atmosphere. The data are collected from several independent stations. We show ways to look at the data from one station or multiple stations over different periods of time and how it can be combined with data from other sources as well. The code provided to make these visualizations will still work if some data are missing or when more data are added in the future.
Melisa Diaz Resquin, Pablo Lichtig, Diego Alessandrello, Marcelo De Oto, Darío Gómez, Cristina Rössler, Paula Castesana, and Laura Dawidowski
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 189–209, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-189-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-189-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We explored the performance of the random forest algorithm to predict CO, NOx, PM10, SO2, and O3 air quality concentrations and comparatively assessed the monitored and modeled concentrations during the COVID-19 lockdown phases. We provide the first long-term O3 and SO2 observational dataset for an urban–residential area of Buenos Aires in more than a decade and study the responses of O3 to the reduction in the emissions of its precursors because of its relevance regarding emission control.
Vitali E. Fioletov, Chris A. McLinden, Debora Griffin, Ihab Abboud, Nickolay Krotkov, Peter J. T. Leonard, Can Li, Joanna Joiner, Nicolas Theys, and Simon Carn
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 75–93, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-75-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-75-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) measurements from three satellite instruments were used to update and extend the previously developed global catalogue of large SO2 emission sources. This version 2 of the global catalogue covers the period of 2005–2021 and includes a total of 759 continuously emitting point sources. The catalogue data show an approximate 50 % decline in global SO2 emissions between 2005 and 2021, although emissions were relatively stable during the last 3 years.
Jed O. Kaplan and Katie Hong-Kiu Lau
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5665–5670, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5665-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5665-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Global lightning strokes are recorded continuously by a network of ground-based stations. We consolidated these point observations into a map form and provide these as electronic datasets for research purposes. Here we extend our dataset to include lightning observations from 2021.
Haris Rahadianto, Hirokazu Tatano, Masato Iguchi, Hiroshi L. Tanaka, Tetsuya Takemi, and Sudip Roy
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5309–5332, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5309-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5309-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We simulated the Taisho (1914) eruption of Sakurajima volcano under various weather conditions to show how a similar eruption would affect contemporary Japan in a worst-case scenario. We provide the dataset of projected airborne ash concentration and deposit over all of Japan to support risk assessment and planning for disaster management. Our work extends previous analyses of local risks to cover distal locations in Japan where a large population could be exposed to devastating impacts.
Xiangyue Chen, Hongchao Zuo, Zipeng Zhang, Xiaoyi Cao, Jikai Duan, Chuanmei Zhu, Zhe Zhang, and Jingzhe Wang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5233–5252, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5233-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5233-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Arid and semi-arid areas are data-scarce aerosol areas. We provide path-breaking, high-resolution, full coverage, and long time series AOD datasets (FEC AOD) to support the atmosphere and related studies in northwestern China. The FEC AOD effectively compensates for the deficiency and constraints of in situ observations and satellite AOD products. Meanwhile, FEC AOD products demonstrate a reliable accuracy and ability to capture long-term change information.
Natalie Kaifler, Bernd Kaifler, Markus Rapp, and David C. Fritts
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4923–4934, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4923-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4923-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We measured polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs), our Earth’s highest clouds at the edge of space, with a Rayleigh lidar from a stratospheric balloon. We describe how we derive the cloud’s brightness and discuss the stability of the gondola pointing and the sensitivity of our measurements. We present our high-resolution PMC dataset that is used to study dynamical processes in the upper mesosphere, e.g. regarding gravity waves, mesospheric bores, vortex rings, and Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities.
Yi Cheng, Shaofei Kong, Liquan Yao, Huang Zheng, Jian Wu, Qin Yan, Shurui Zheng, Yao Hu, Zhenzhen Niu, Yingying Yan, Zhenxing Shen, Guofeng Shen, Dantong Liu, Shuxiao Wang, and Shihua Qi
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4757–4775, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4757-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4757-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This work establishes the first emission inventory of carbonaceous aerosols from cooking, fireworks, sacrificial incense, joss paper burning, and barbecue, using multi-source datasets and tested emission factors. These emissions were concentrated in specific periods and areas. Positive and negative correlations between income and emissions were revealed in urban and rural regions. The dataset will be helpful for improving modeling studies and modifying corresponding emission control policies.
Qiang Cui, Yilin Lei, and Bin Chen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4419–4433, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4419-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4419-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This paper calculates the emissions of six kinds of emissions from China’s foreign routes from 2014 to 2019, enriching the existing database. This paper applies the improved BFFM2-FOA-FPM method and ICAO method to calculate the emissions, which can combine CO2 and non-CO2 emissions calculations and calculate the aircraft types' emission intensity.
Mengze Li, Andrea Pozzer, Jos Lelieveld, and Jonathan Williams
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4351–4364, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4351-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4351-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present a northern hemispheric airborne measurement dataset of atmospheric ethane, propane and methane and temporal trends for the time period 2006–2016 in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. The growth rates of ethane, methane, and propane in the upper troposphere are -2.24, 0.33, and -0.78 % yr-1, respectively, and in the lower stratosphere they are -3.27, 0.26, and -4.91 % yr-1, respectively, in 2006–2016.
Malika Menoud, Carina van der Veen, Dave Lowry, Julianne M. Fernandez, Semra Bakkaloglu, James L. France, Rebecca E. Fisher, Hossein Maazallahi, Mila Stanisavljević, Jarosław Nęcki, Katarina Vinkovic, Patryk Łakomiec, Janne Rinne, Piotr Korbeń, Martina Schmidt, Sara Defratyka, Camille Yver-Kwok, Truls Andersen, Huilin Chen, and Thomas Röckmann
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4365–4386, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4365-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4365-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Emission sources of methane (CH4) can be distinguished with measurements of CH4 stable isotopes. We present new measurements of isotope signatures of various CH4 sources in Europe, mainly anthropogenic, sampled from 2017 to 2020. The present database also contains the most recent update of the global signature dataset from the literature. The dataset improves CH4 source attribution and the understanding of the global CH4 budget.
Patrick Hupe, Lars Ceranna, Alexis Le Pichon, Robin S. Matoza, and Pierrick Mialle
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4201–4230, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4201-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4201-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Sound waves with frequencies below the human hearing threshold can travel long distances through the atmosphere. A global network of sensors records such infrasound to detect clandestine nuclear tests in the atmosphere. These data are generally not public. This study provides four data products based on global infrasound signal detections to make infrasound data available to a broad community. This will advance the use of infrasound observations for scientific studies and civilian applications.
Zexia Duan, Zhiqiu Gao, Qing Xu, Shaohui Zhou, Kai Qin, and Yuanjian Yang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4153–4169, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4153-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4153-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Land–atmosphere interactions over the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) in China are becoming more varied and complex, as the area is experiencing rapid land use changes. In this paper, we describe a dataset of microclimate and eddy covariance variables at four sites in the YRD. This dataset has potential use cases in multiple research fields, such as boundary layer parametrization schemes, evaluation of remote sensing algorithms, and development of climate models in typical East Asian monsoon regions.
Xiaoli Sun, Paul T. Kolbeck, James B. Abshire, Stephan R. Kawa, and Jianping Mao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 3821–3833, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3821-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3821-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We describe the measurement and data processing of the atmospheric backscatter profile data by our CO2 Sounder lidar from the 2017 ASCENDS/ABoVE airborne campaign. It is an additional data set from the column average CO2 mixing ratio measurements from laser sounding. It not only helps to interpret the CO2 mixing ratio measurement but also give a standalone data set for atmosphere backscattering study at 1572 nm wavelength.
Lei Li, Yevgeny Derimian, Cheng Chen, Xindan Zhang, Huizheng Che, Gregory L. Schuster, David Fuertes, Pavel Litvinov, Tatyana Lapyonok, Anton Lopatin, Christian Matar, Fabrice Ducos, Yana Karol, Benjamin Torres, Ke Gui, Yu Zheng, Yuanxin Liang, Yadong Lei, Jibiao Zhu, Lei Zhang, Junting Zhong, Xiaoye Zhang, and Oleg Dubovik
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 3439–3469, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3439-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3439-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A climatology of aerosol composition concentration derived from POLDER-3 observations using GRASP/Component is presented. The conceptual specifics of the GRASP/Component approach are in the direct retrieval of aerosol speciation without intermediate retrievals of aerosol optical characteristics. The dataset of satellite-derived components represents scarce but imperative information for validation and potential adjustment of chemical transport models.
Junting Zhong, Xiaoye Zhang, Ke Gui, Jie Liao, Ye Fei, Lipeng Jiang, Lifeng Guo, Liangke Liu, Huizheng Che, Yaqiang Wang, Deying Wang, and Zijiang Zhou
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 3197–3211, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3197-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3197-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Historical long-term PM2.5 records with high temporal resolution are essential but lacking for research and environmental management. Here, we reconstruct site-based and gridded PM2.5 datasets at 6-hour intervals from 1960 to 2020 that combine visibility, meteorological data, and emissions based on a machine learning model with extracted spatial features. These two PM2.5 datasets will lay the foundation of research studies associated with air pollution, climate change, and aerosol reanalysis.
Cited articles
Andres, R. J., Gregg, J. S., Losey, L., Marland, G., and Boden, T. A.:
Monthly, global emissions of carbon dioxide from fossil fuel consumption,
Tellus B, 63, 309–327, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2011.00530.x,
2011.
Ballantyne, A. P., Alden, C. B., Miller, J. B., Tans, P. P., and White, J.
W. C.: Increase in observed net carbon dioxide uptake by land and oceans
during the past 50 years, Nature, 488, 70–72,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11299, 2012.
Bastos, A., Friedlingstein, P., Sitch, S., Chen, C., Mialon, A., Wigneron,
J.-P., Arora, V. K., Briggs, P. R., Canadell, J. G., and Ciais, P.: Impact
of the 2015/2016 El Niño on the terrestrial carbon cycle constrained by
bottom-up and top-down approaches, Philos. T. Roy. Soc. B, 373,
20170304, https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0304, 2018.
Bastos, A., Fu, Z., Ciais, P., Friedlingstein, P., Sitch, S., Pongratz, J.,
Weber, U., Reichstein, M., Anthoni, P., Arneth, A., Haverd, V., Jain, A.,
Joetzjer, E., Knauer, J., Lienert, S., Loughran, T., McGuire, P. C.,
Obermeier, W., Padrón, R. S., Shi, H., Tian, H., Viovy, N., and Zaehle,
S.: Impacts of extreme summers on European ecosystems: a comparative
analysis of 2003, 2010 and 2018, Philos. T. Roy. Soc. B, 375, 20190507,
https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0507, 2020a.
Bastos, A., Ciais, P., Friedlingstein, P., Sitch, S., Pongratz, J., Fan, L.,
Wigneron, J., Weber, U., Reichstein, M., Fu, Z., Anthoni, P., Arneth, A.,
Haverd, V., Jain, A. K., Joetzjer, E., Knauer, J., Lienert, S., Loughran,
T., McGuire, P. C., Tian, H., Viovy, N., and Zaehle, S.: Direct and seasonal
legacy effects of the 2018 heat wave and drought on European ecosystem
productivity, Sci. Adv., 6, eaba2724,
https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba2724, 2020b.
Basu, S., Guerlet, S., Butz, A., Houweling, S., Hasekamp, O., Aben, I., Krummel, P., Steele, P., Langenfelds, R., Torn, M., Biraud, S., Stephens, B., Andrews, A., and Worthy, D.: Global CO2 fluxes estimated from GOSAT retrievals of total column CO2, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 8695–8717, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8695-2013, 2013.
Basu S., Lehman S. J., Miller J. B., Andrews A. E., Sweeney C., Gurney K.
R., Xu X., Southon J., and Tans P. P.: Estimating US fossil fuel CO2
emissions from measurements of 14C in atmospheric CO2,
P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 117, 13300–13307,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1919032117, 2020.
Betts, R. A., Burton, C. A., Feely, R. A., Collins, M., Jones, C. D., and
Wiltshire, A. J.: ENSO and the Carbon Cycle, in: El Niño Southern
Oscillation in a Changing Climate, edited by: McPhaden, M. J., Santoso, A., and Cai, W., American Geophysical Union and John Wiley & Sons, Inc., https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119548164.ch20, 2020.
Bousquet, P., Peylin, P., Ciais, P., Le Quéré, C., Friedlingstein,
P., and Tans, P. P.: Regional Changes in Carbon Dioxide Fluxes of Land and
Oceans Since 1980, Science, 290, 1342–1346,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.290.5495.1342, 2000.
Bowman, K. W., Liu, J., Bloom, A. A., Parazoo, N. C., Lee, M., Jiang, Z.,
Menemenlis, D., Gierach, M. M., Collatz, G. J., Gurney, K. R., and Wunch,
D.: Global and Brazilian carbon response to El Niño Modoki 2011–2010,
Earth Space Sci., 4, 637–660, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016EA000204, 2017.
Buitenhuis, E., Le Quéré, C., Aumont, O., Beaugrand, G., Bunker, A.,
Hirst, A., Ikeda, T., O'Brien, T., Piontkovski, S., and Straile, D.:
Biogeochemical fluxes through mesozooplankton, Global Biogeochem. Cy.,
20, GB2003, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GB002511, 2006.
Byrne, B., Liu, J., Bloom, A. A., Bowman, K. W., Butterfield, Z., Joiner,
J., Keenan, T. F., Keppel-Aleks, G., Parazoo, N. C., and Yin, Y.:
Contrasting regional carbon cycle responses to seasonal climate anomalies
across the east-west divide of temperate North America, Global Biogeochem.
Cy., 34, e2020GB006598, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GB006598, 2020.
Byrne, B., Liu, J., Lee, M., Yin, Y., Bowman, K. W., Miyazaki, K., Norton,
A. J., Joiner, J., Pollard, D. F., Griffith, D. W. T., Velazco, V. A.,
Deutscher, N. M., Jones, N. B., and Paton-Walsh, C.: The carbon cycle of
southeast Australia during 2019–2020: Drought, fires and subsequent
recovery, AGU Advances, 2, e2021AV000469,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2021AV000469, 2021.
Cervarich, M., Shu, S., Jain, A. K., Arneth, A., Canadell, J.,
Friedlingstein, P., Houghton, R. A., Kato, E., Koven, C., Patra, P.,
Poulter, B., Sitch, S., Stocker, B., Viovy, N., Wiltshire, A., and Zeng, N.:
The terrestrial carbon budget of South and Southeast Asia, Environ. Res.
Lett., 11, 105006, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/10/105006, 2016.
Chen, J. M., Liu, J., Cihlar, J., and Goulden, M. L.: Daily canopy
photosynthesis model through temporal and spatial scaling for remote sensing
applications, Ecol. Modell., 124, 99–119,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3800(99)00156-8, 1999.
Chen, J. M., Mo, G., and Deng, F.: A joint global carbon inversion system using both CO2 and 13CO2 atmospheric concentration data, Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 1131–1156, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-1131-2017, 2017.
Chen, J. M., Ju, W., Ciais, P., Viovy, N., Liu, R. G., Liu, Y., and Lu, X.
H.: Vegetation structural change since 1981 significantly enhanced the
terrestrial carbon sink, Nat. Commun., 10, 4259,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12257-8, 2019.
Chevallier, F., Palmer, P. I., Feng, L., Boesch, H., O'Dell, C. W., and
Bousquet, P.: Toward robust and consistent regional CO2 flux estimates
from in situ and spaceborne measurements of atmospheric CO2, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 41, 1065–1070, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GL058772, 2014.
Ciais, P., Reichstein, M., Viovy, N., Granier, A., Ogee, J., Allard, V.,
Aubinet, M., Buchmann, N., Bernhofer, C., Carrara, A., Chevallier, F., De
Noblet, N., Friend, A. D., Friedlingstein, P., Grunwald, T., Heinesch, B.,
Keronen, P., Knohl, A., Krinner, G., Loustau, D., Manca, G., Matteucci, G.,
Miglietta, F., Ourcival, J. M., Papale, D., Pilegaard, K., Rambal, S.,
Seufert, G., Soussana, J. F., Sanz, M. J., Schulze, E. D., Vesala, T., and
Valentini, R.: Europewide reduction in primary productivity caused by the
heat and drought in 2003, Nature, 437, 529–533,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03972, 2005.
Ciais, P., Borges, A. V., Abril, G., Meybeck, M., Folberth, G., Hauglustaine, D., and Janssens, I. A.: The impact of lateral carbon fluxes on the European carbon balance, Biogeosciences, 5, 1259–1271, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-5-1259-2008, 2008.
Ciais, P., Yao, Y., Gasser, T., Baccini, A., Wang, Y., Lauerwald, R., Peng,
S., Bastos, A., Li, W., Raymond, P. A., Canadell, J. G., Peters, G. P.,
Andres, R. J., Chang, J., Yue, C., Dolman, A. J., Haverd, V., Hartmann, J.,
Laruelle, G., Konings, A. J., King, A. W., Liu, Y., Luyssaert, S., Maignan,
F., Patra, P. K., Peregon, A., Regnier, P., Pongratz, J., Poulter, B.,
Shvidenko, A., Valentini, R., Wang, R., Broquet, G., Yin, Y., Zscheischler,
J., Guenet, B., Goll, D. S., Ballantyne, A. P., Yang, H., Qiu, C., and Zhu,
D.: Empirical estimates of regional carbon budgets imply reduced global soil
heterotrophic respiration, Nat. Sci. Rev., 8, nwaa145,
https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa145, 2021.
Ciais, P., Bastos, A., Chevallier, F., Lauerwald, R., Poulter, B., Canadell, J. G., Hugelius, G., Jackson, R. B., Jain, A., Jones, M., Kondo, M., Luijkx, I. T., Patra, P. K., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Petrescu, A. M. R., Piao, S., Qiu, C., Von Randow, C., Regnier, P., Saunois, M., Scholes, R., Shvidenko, A., Tian, H., Yang, H., Wang, X., and Zheng, B.: Definitions and methods to estimate regional land carbon fluxes for the second phase of the REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes Project (RECCAP-2), Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 1289–1316, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1289-2022, 2022.
Crisp, D., Pollock, H. R., Rosenberg, R., Chapsky, L., Lee, R. A. M., Oyafuso, F. A., Frankenberg, C., O'Dell, C. W., Bruegge, C. J., Doran, G. B., Eldering, A., Fisher, B. M., Fu, D., Gunson, M. R., Mandrake, L., Osterman, G. B., Schwandner, F. M., Sun, K., Taylor, T. E., Wennberg, P. O., and Wunch, D.: The on-orbit performance of the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) instrument and its radiometrically calibrated products, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 10, 59–81, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-59-2017, 2017.
Deng, F. and Chen, J. M.: Recent global CO2 flux inferred from atmospheric CO2 observations and its regional analyses, Biogeosciences, 8, 3263–3281, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-3263-2011, 2011.
Deng, F., Jones, D. B. A., O'Dell, C. W., Nassar, R., and Parazoo, N. C.:
Combining GOSAT XCO2 observations over land and ocean to improve
regional CO2 flux estimates, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 121, 1896–1913,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD024157, 2016.
Detmers, R. G., Hasekamp, O., Aben, I., Houweling, S., van Leeuwen, T. T.,
Butz, A., Landgraf, J., Köhler, P., Guanter, L., and Poulter, B.:
Anomalous carbon uptake in Australia as seen by GOSAT, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
42, 8177–8184, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL065161, 2015.
Doughty, C. E., Metcalfe, D. B., Girardin, C. A. J., Amezquita, F. F.,
Cabrera, D. G., Huasco, W. H., Silva-Espejo, J. E., Araujo-Murakami, A., da
Costa, M. C., Rocha, W., Feldpausch, T. R., Mendoza, A. L. M., da Costa, A.
C. L., Meir, P., Phillips, O. L., and Malhi, Y.: Drought impact on forest
carbon dynamics and fluxes in Amazonia, Nature, 519, 78–82,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14213, 2015.
Emmons, L. K., Walters, S., Hess, P. G., Lamarque, J.-F., Pfister, G. G., Fillmore, D., Granier, C., Guenther, A., Kinnison, D., Laepple, T., Orlando, J., Tie, X., Tyndall, G., Wiedinmyer, C., Baughcum, S. L., and Kloster, S.: Description and evaluation of the Model for Ozone and Related chemical Tracers, version 4 (MOZART-4), Geosci. Model Dev., 3, 43–67, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-3-43-2010, 2010.
Enting, I. G. and Newsam, G. N.: Atmospheric constituent inversion
problems: Implications for baseline monitoring, J. Atmos. Chem., 11, 69–87, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00053668, 1990.
Feng, S., Jiang, F., Wang, H., Wang, H., Ju, W., Shen, Y., Zheng, Y., Wu,
Z., and Ding, A.: NOx Emission Changes over China during the COVID-19
Epidemic Inferred from Surface NO2 Observations, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
47, e2020GL090080, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL090080, 2020.
Frank, D., Reichstein, M., Bahn, M., Thonicke, K., Frank, D., Mahecha, M. D.,
Smith, P., van der Velde, M., Vicca, S., Babst, F., Beer, C., Buchmann, N.,
Canadell, J. G., Ciais, P., Cramer, W., Ibrom, A., Miglietta, F., Poulter,
B., Rammig, A., Seneviratne, S. I., Walz, A., Wattenbach, M., Zavala, M. A.,
and Zscheischler, J.: Effects of climate extremes on the terrestrial carbon
cycle: concepts, processes and potential future impacts, Glob. Change Biol.,
21, 2861–2880, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12916, 2015.
Gahlot, S., Shu, S., Jain, A. K., and Roy, S. B.: Estimating trends and
variation of net biome productivity in India for 1980–2012 using a land
surface model, Geophys. Res. Lett., 44, 11573–11579,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL075777, 2017.
Gasser, T., Crepin, L., Quilcaille, Y., Houghton, R. A., Ciais, P., and Obersteiner, M.: Historical CO2 emissions from land use and land cover change and their uncertainty, Biogeosciences, 17, 4075–4101, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4075-2020, 2020.
Gatti, L. V., Gloor, M., Miller, J. B., Doughty, C. E., Malhi, Y.,
Domingues, L. G., Basso, L. S., Martinewski, A., Correia, C. S. C., Borges,
V. F., Freitas, S., Braz, R., Anderson, L. O., Rocha, H., Grace, J.,
Phillips, O. L., and Lloyd, J.: Drought sensitivity of Amazonian carbon
balance revealed by atmospheric measurements, Nature, 506, 76–80,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12957, 2014.
Gatti, L. V., Correa, C. C. S., Domingues, L. G., Miller, J. B., Gloor, M.,
Martinewski, A., Basso, L. S., Santana, R., Crispim, S. P., Marani, L., and
Neves, R. L.: CO2 Vertical Profiles on Four Sites over Amazon from 2010
to 2018, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.926834, 2021.
Ghimire, B., Williams, C. A., Collatz, G. J., Vanderhoof, M., Rogan, J.,
Kulakowski, D., and Masek, J. G.: Large carbon release legacy from bark
beetle outbreaks across Western United States, Glob. Change Biol., 21,
3087–3101, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12933, 2015.
Graf, A., Klosterhalfen, A., Arriga, N., Bernhofer, C., Bogena, H., Bornet,
F., Brüggemann, N., Brümmer, C., Buchmann, N., Chi, J., Chipeaux,
C., Cremonese, E., Cuntz, M., Dušek, J., El-Madany, T. S., Fares, S.,
Fischer, M., Foltýnová, L., Gharun, M., Ghiasi, S., Gielen, B.,
Gottschalk, P., Grünwald, T., Heinemann, G., Heinesch, B., Heliasz, M.,
Holst, J., Hörtnagl, L., Ibrom, A., Ingwersen, J., Jurasinski, G.,
Klatt, J., Knohl, A., Koebsch, F., Konopka, J., Korkiakoski, M., Kowalska,
N., Kremer, P., Kruijt, B., Lafont, S., Léonard, J., De Ligne, A.,
Longdoz, B., Loustau, D., Magliulo, V., Mammarella, I., Manca, G., Mauder,
M., Migliavacca, M., Mölder, M., Neirynck, J., Ney, P., Nilsson, M.,
Paul-Limoges, E., Peichl, M., Pitacco, A., Poyda, A., Rebmann, C., Roland,
M., Sachs, T., Schmidt, M., Schrader, F., Siebicke, L., Šigut, L.,
Tuittila, E.-S., Varlagin, A., Vendrame, N., Vincke, C., Völksch, I.,
Weber, S., Wille, C., Wizemann, H.-D., Zeeman, M., and Vereecken, H.:
Altered energy partitioning across terrestrial ecosystems in the European
drought year 2018, Philos. T. Roy. Soc. B, 375, 20190524,
https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0524, 2020.
Guerlet, S., Basu, S., Butz, A., Krol, M., Hahne, P., Houweling, S.,
Hasekamp, O. P., and Aben, I.: Reduced carbon uptake during the 2010
Northern Hemisphere summer from GOSAT, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 2378–2383,
https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50402, 2013.
Gurney, K. R., Law, R. M., Denning, A. S., Rayner, P. J., Baker, D.,
Bousquet, P., Bruhwiler, L., Chen, Y.-H., Ciais, P., Fan, S., Fung, I. Y.,
Gloor, M., Heimann, M., Higuchi, K., John, J., Maki, T., Maksyutov, S.,
Masarie, K., Peylin, P., Prather, M., Pak, B. C., Randerson, J., Sarmiento,
J., Taguchi, S., Takahashi, T., and Yuen, C.-W.: Towards robust regional
estimates of CO2 sources and sinks using atmospheric transport models,
Nature, 415, 626–630, https://doi.org/10.1038/415626a, 2002.
Gurney, K. R., Law, R. M., Denning, A. S., Rayner, P. J., Baker, D.,
Bousquet, P., Bruhwiler, L., Chen, Y. H. Ciais, P., Fan, S., Fung, I. Y.,
Gloor, M., Heimann, M., Higuchi, K., John, J., Kowalczyk, E., Maki, T.,
Maksyutov, S., Peylin, P., Prather, M., Pak, B. C., Sarmiento, J., Taguchi,
S., Takahashi, T., and Yuen, C. W.: Transcom 3 CO2 Inversion
Intercomparison: 1. Annual mean control results and sensitivity to transport
and prior flux information, Tellus B, 55, 555–579,
https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v55i2.16728, 2003.
Hansis, E., Davis, S. J., and Pongratz, J.: Relevance of methodological
choices for accounting of land use change carbon fluxes, Global Biogeochem.
Cy., 29, 1230–1246, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GB004997, 2015.
He, W., Ju, W., Schwalm, C. R., Sippel, S., Wu, X., He, Q., Song, L., Zhang,
C., Li, J., Sitch, S., Viovy, N., Friedlingstein, P., and Jain, A.:
Large-Scale Droughts Responsible for Dramatic Reductions of Terrestrial Net Carbon Uptake Over North America in 2011 and 2012, J.
Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 123, 2053–2071,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JG004520, 2018.
He, W., Jiang, F., Ju, W., Nguyen, T. N., Fang, M., He, Q., and Zhang, C.:
Ensemble Satellite Land Products Deepen the Interpretation of Drought
Impacts on Terrestrial Carbon Cycle in Europe Over 2001–2015, 2019 IEEE
International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Yokohama, Japan, 28 July–2 August 2019, 9273–9276,
https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8898928, 2019.
Houghton, R. A. and Nassikas, A. A.: Global and regional fluxes of carbon
from land use and land cover change 1850–2015, Global Biogeochem. Cycle, 31,
456–472, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GB005546, 2017.
Houweling, S., Baker, D., Basu, S., Boesch, H., Butz, A., Chevallier, F.,
Deng, F., Dlugokencky, E. J., Feng, L., Ganshin, A., Hasekamp, O., Jones,
D., Maksyutov, S., Marshall, J., Oda, T., O'Dell, C. W., Oshchepkov, S.,
Palmer, P. I., Peylin, P., Poussi, Z., Reum, F., Takagi, H., Yoshida, Y.,
and Zhuravlev, R.: An intercomparison of inverse models for estimating
sources and sinks of CO2 using GOSAT measurements, J. Geophys.
Res.-Atmos., 120, 5253–5266, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022962, 2015.
Ishizawa, M., Mabuchi, K., Shirai, T., Inoue, M., Morino, I., Uchino, O.,
Yoshida, Y., Belikov, D., and Maksyutov, S.: Inter-annual variability of
summertime CO2 exchange in Northern Eurasia inferred from GOSAT
XCO2, Environ. Res. Lett., 11, 105001,
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/10/105001, 2016.
Jiang, F.: A ten-year (2010–2019) global terrestrial NEE inferred from the
GOSAT v9 XCO2 retrievals (GCAS2021), Zenodo [data set],
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5829774, 2022.
Jiang, F., Wang, H. M., Chen, J. M., Machida, T., Zhou, L. X., Ju, W. M., Matsueda, H., and Sawa, Y.: Carbon balance of China constrained by CONTRAIL aircraft CO2 measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 10133–10144, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10133-2014, 2014.
Jiang, F., Chen, J. M., Zhou, L. X., Ju, W. M., Zhang, H. F., Machida T.,
Ciais, P., Peters, W., Wang, H. M., Chen, B. Z., Liu, L. X., Zhang, C. H.,
Matsueda, H., and Sawa, Y.: A comprehensive estimate of recent carbon sinks
in China using both top-down and bottom-up approaches, Sci. Rep.-UK, 6,
22130, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep22130, 2016.
Jiang, F., Wang, H., Chen, J. M., Ju, W., Tian, X., Feng, S., Li, G., Chen, Z., Zhang, S., Lu, X., Liu, J., Wang, H., Wang, J., He, W., and Wu, M.: Regional CO2 fluxes from 2010 to 2015 inferred from GOSAT XCO2 retrievals using a new version of the Global Carbon Assimilation System, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1963–1985, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1963-2021, 2021.
Jung, M., Reichstein, M., and Bondeau, A.: Towards global empirical upscaling of FLUXNET eddy covariance observations: validation of a model tree ensemble approach using a biosphere model, Biogeosciences, 6, 2001–2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-2001-2009, 2009.
Koren, G., Van Schaik, E., Araújo, A. C., Boersma, K. F., Gärtner, A.,
Killaars, L., Kooreman, M. L., Kruijt, B., Van der Laan-Luijkx, I. T., Von
Randow, C., Smith, N. E., and Peters, W.: Widespread reduction in sun-induced
fluorescence from the Amazon during the 2015/2016 El Niño, Philos.
T. Roy. Soc. B, 373, 20170408,
https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0408, 2018.
Kulawik, S. S., Crowell, S., Baker, D., Liu, J., McKain, K., Sweeney, C., Biraud, S. C., Wofsy, S., O'Dell, C. W., Wennberg, P. O., Wunch, D., Roehl, C. M., Deutscher, N. M., Kiel, M., Griffith, D. W. T., Velazco, V. A., Notholt, J., Warneke, T., Petri, C., De Mazière, M., Sha, M. K., Sussmann, R., Rettinger, M., Pollard, D. F., Morino, I., Uchino, O., Hase, F., Feist, D. G., Roche, S., Strong, K., Kivi, R., Iraci, L., Shiomi, K., Dubey, M. K., Sepulveda, E., Rodriguez, O. E. G., Té, Y., Jeseck, P., Heikkinen, P., Dlugokencky, E. J., Gunson, M. R., Eldering, A., Crisp, D., Fisher, B., and Osterman, G. B.: Characterization of OCO-2 and ACOS-GOSAT biases and errors for CO2 flux estimates, Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2019-257, 2019.
Kuze, A., Suto, H., Nakajima, M., and Hamazaki, T.: Thermal and near
infrared sensor for carbon observation Fourier-transform spectrometer on the
Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite for greenhouse gases monitoring, Appl.
Opt., 48, 6716, https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.48.006716, 2009.
Le Quéré, C., Rödenbeck, C., Buitenhuis, E. T., Conway, T. J.,
Langenfelds, R., Gomez, A., Labuschagne, C., Ramonet, M., Nakazawa, T.,
Metzl, N., Gillett, N., and Heimann, M.: Saturation of the southern ocean
CO2 sink due to recent climate change, Science 316, 1735–1738,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1136188, 2007.
Li, X., Xiao, J., Kimball, J. S., Reichle, R. H., Scott, R. L., Litvak, M.
E., Bohrer, G., and Frankenberg, C.: Synergistic use of SMAP and OCO-2 data
in assessing the responses of ecosystem productivity to the 2018 U.S.
drought, Remote Sens. Environ., 251, 112062,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.112062, 2020.
Liu, J., Bowman, K. W., Lee, M., Henze, D. K., Bousserez, N., Brix, H.,
James Collatz, G., Menemenlis, D., Ott, L., Pawson, S., and Jones, D.:
Carbon monitoring system flux estimation and attribution: impact of
ACOS-GOSAT XCO2 sampling on the inference of terrestrial biospheric
sources and sinks, Tellus B, 66, 22486,
https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v66.22486, 2014.
Liu, J., Bowman, K. W., Schimel, D. S., Parazoo, N. C., Jiang, Z., Lee, M.,
Bloom, A. A., Wunch, D., Frankenberg, C., Sun, Y., O'Dell, C. W., Gurney, K.
R., Menemenlis, D., Gierach, M., Crisp, D., and Eldering, A.: Contrasting
carbon cycle responses of the tropical continents to the 2015–2016 El
Niño, Science, 358, eaam5690, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aam5690,
2017.
Liu, J., Bowman, K., Parazoo, N. C., Bloom, A A., Wunch, D., Jiang, Z.,
Gurney, K. R., and Schimel, D.: Detecting drought impact on terrestrial
biosphere carbon fluxes over contiguous US with satellite observations,
Environ. Res. Lett., 13, 095003,
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aad5ef, 2018.
Liu, J., Baskaran, L., Bowman, K., Schimel, D., Bloom, A. A., Parazoo, N. C., Oda, T., Carroll, D., Menemenlis, D., Joiner, J., Commane, R., Daube, B., Gatti, L. V., McKain, K., Miller, J., Stephens, B. B., Sweeney, C., and Wofsy, S.: Carbon Monitoring System Flux Net Biosphere Exchange 2020 (CMS-Flux NBE 2020), Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 299–330, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-299-2021, 2021.
Machida, T., Matsueda, H., Sawa, Y., Nakagawa, Y., Hirotani, K., Kondo, N.,
Goto, K., Ishikawa, K., Nakazawa, T., and Ogawa, T.: Worldwide measurements
of atmospheric CO2 and other trace gas species using commercial
airlines, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 25, 1744–1754,
https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JTECHA1082.1, 2008.
Machida, T., Ishijima, K., Niwa, Y., Tsuboi, K., Sawa, Y., Matsueda, H., and
Sasakawa, M.: Atmospheric CO2 mole fraction data of CONTRAIL-CME,
ver.2020.1.0, Center for Global Environmental Research, NIES,
https://doi.org/10.17595/20180208.001, 2018.
Maksyutov, S., Takagi, H., Valsala, V. K., Saito, M., Oda, T., Saeki, T., Belikov, D. A., Saito, R., Ito, A., Yoshida, Y., Morino, I., Uchino, O., Andres, R. J., and Yokota, T.: Regional CO2 flux estimates for 2009–2010 based on GOSAT and ground-based CO2 observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 9351–9373, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-9351-2013, 2013.
Matsueda, H., Machida, T., Sawa, Y., Nakagawa, Y., Hirotani, K., Ikeda, H.,
Kondo, N., and Goto, K.: Evaluation of atmospheric CO2 measurements
from new flask air sampling of JAL airliner observations,
Pap. Meteorol.
Geophys., 59, 1–17, https://doi.org/10.2467/mripapers.59.1, 2008.
Matsueda, H., Machida, T., Sawa, Y., and Niwa, Y.: Long-term change of
CO2 latitudinal distribution in the upper troposphere, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 42, 2508–2514, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062768, 2015.
McKinley, G. A., Takahashi, T., Buitenhuis, E., Chai, F., Christian, J.R.,
Doney, S. C., Jiang, M. S., Lindsay, K., Moore, J. K., Le Quéré, C.,
Lima, I., Murtugudde, R., Shi, L., and Wetzel, P.: North Pacific carbon
cycle response to climate variability on seasonal to decadal timescales, J.
Geophys. Res., 111, C07S06, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JC003173, 2006.
Mu, M., Randerson, J. T., van der Werf, G. R., Giglio, L., Kasibhatla, P.,
Morton, D., Collatz, G. J., Defries, R. S., Hyer, E. J., Prins, E. M.,
Griffith, D. W. T., Wunch, D., Toon, G. C., Sherlock, V., and Wennberg, P.
O.: Daily and 3-hourly variability in global fire emissions and consequences
for atmospheric model predictions of carbon monoxide, J. Geophys.
Res.-Atmos., 116, D24303, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016245, 2011.
Nayak, R. K., Patel, N. R., and Dadhwal, V. K.: Spatio-temporal variability
of net ecosystem productivity over India and its relationship to climatic
variables, Environ. Earth Sci., 74, 1743–1753,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-4182-4, 2015.
Niwa, Y., Machida, T., Sawa, Y., Matsueda, H., Schuck, T. J.,
Brenninkmeijer, C. A. M., Imasu, R., and Satoh, M.: Imposing strong
constraints on tropical terrestrial CO2 fluxes using passenger aircraft
based measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D11303,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017474, 2012.
OCO-2 Science Team (Gunson, M. and Eldering, A.): OCO-2 Level 2 bias-corrected XCO2 and other select fields from the full-physics retrieval aggregated as daily files, Retrospective processing V10r, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), https://doi.org/10.5067/E4E140XDMPO2, 2020.
Oda, T., Maksyutov, S., and Andres, R. J.: The Open-source Data Inventory for Anthropogenic CO2, version 2016 (ODIAC2016): a global monthly fossil fuel CO2 gridded emissions data product for tracer transport simulations and surface flux inversions, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 10, 87–107, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-87-2018, 2018.
O'Dell, C. W., Eldering, A., Wennberg, P. O., Crisp, D., Gunson, M. R., Fisher, B., Frankenberg, C., Kiel, M., Lindqvist, H., Mandrake, L., Merrelli, A., Natraj, V., Nelson, R. R., Osterman, G. B., Payne, V. H., Taylor, T. E., Wunch, D., Drouin, B. J., Oyafuso, F., Chang, A., McDuffie, J., Smyth, M., Baker, D. F., Basu, S., Chevallier, F., Crowell, S. M. R., Feng, L., Palmer, P. I., Dubey, M., García, O. E., Griffith, D. W. T., Hase, F., Iraci, L. T., Kivi, R., Morino, I., Notholt, J., Ohyama, H., Petri, C., Roehl, C. M., Sha, M. K., Strong, K., Sussmann, R., Te, Y., Uchino, O., and Velazco, V. A.: Improved retrievals of carbon dioxide from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 with the version 8 ACOS algorithm, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 6539–6576, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-6539-2018, 2018.
Otto, F. E. L., Massey, N., van Oldenborgh, G. J., Jones, R. G., and Allen,
M. R.: Reconciling two approaches to attribution of the 2010 Russian heat
wave, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L04702, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL050422,
2012.
Palmer, P. I., Feng, L., Baker, D., Chevallier, F., Bösch, H., and
Somkuti, P.: Net carbon emissions from African biosphere dominate
pan-tropical atmospheric CO2 signal, Nat. Commun., 10, 3344,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11097-w, 2019.
Patra, P. K., Canadell, J. G., Houghton, R. A., Piao, S. L., Oh, N.-H., Ciais, P., Manjunath, K. R., Chhabra, A., Wang, T., Bhattacharya, T., Bousquet, P., Hartman, J., Ito, A., Mayorga, E., Niwa, Y., Raymond, P. A., Sarma, V. V. S. S., and Lasco, R.: The carbon budget of South Asia, Biogeosciences, 10, 513–527, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-513-2013, 2013.
Peiro, H., Crowell, S., Schuh, A., Baker, D. F., O'Dell, C., Jacobson, A. R., Chevallier, F., Liu, J., Eldering, A., Crisp, D., Deng, F., Weir, B., Basu, S., Johnson, M. S., Philip, S., and Baker, I.: Four years of global carbon cycle observed from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2) version 9 and in situ data and comparison to OCO-2 version 7, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1097–1130, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1097-2022, 2022.
Peylin, P., Law, R. M., Gurney, K. R., Chevallier, F., Jacobson, A. R., Maki, T., Niwa, Y., Patra, P. K., Peters, W., Rayner, P. J., Rödenbeck, C., van der Laan-Luijkx, I. T., and Zhang, X.: Global atmospheric carbon budget: results from an ensemble of atmospheric CO2 inversions, Biogeosciences, 10, 6699–6720, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6699-2013, 2013.
Philip, S., Johnson, M. S., Potter, C., Genovesse, V., Baker, D. F., Haynes, K. D., Henze, D. K., Liu, J., and Poulter, B.: Prior biosphere model impact on global terrestrial CO2 fluxes estimated from OCO-2 retrievals, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 13267–13287, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-13267-2019, 2019.
Phillips, O. L., Aragão, L., Lewis, S. L., Fisher, J. B., Lloyd, J.,
López-González, G., Malhi, Y., Monteagudo, A., Peacock, J., Quesada,
C. A., van der Heijden, G., Almeida, S., Amaral, I., Arroyo, L., Aymard, G.,
Baker, T. R., Bánki, O., Blanc, L., Bonal, D., Brando, P., Chave, J., de
Oliveira, A. C. A., Cardozo, N. D., Czimczik, C. I., Feldpausch, T. R.,
Freitas, M. A., Gloor, E., Higuchi, N., Jiménez, E., Lloyd, G., Meir,
P., Mendoza, C., Morel, A., Neill, D. A., Nepstad, D., Patiño, S.,
Peñuela, M. C., Prieto, A., Ramírez, F., Schwarz, M., Silva, J.,
Silveira, M., Thomas, A. S., ter Steege, H., Stropp, J., Vásquez, R.,
Zelazowski, P., Dávila, E. A., Andelman, S., Andrade, A., Chao, K. J.,
Erwin, T., Di Fiore, A., Honorio, E., Keeling, H., Killeen, T. J., Laurance,
W. F., Cruz, A. P., Pitman, N. C. A., Vargas, P. N., Ramírez-Angulo,
H., Rudas, A., Salamao, R., Silva, N., Terborgh, J., and Torres-Lezama, A.:
Drought sensitivity of the Amazon forest, Science, 323, 1344–1347,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1164033, 2009.
Piao, S., Wang, X., Wang, K., Li, X., Bastos, A., Canadell, J. G., Ciais,
P., Friedlingstein, P., and Sitch, S.: Interannual variation of terrestrial
carbon cycle: Issues and perspectives, Glob. Change Biol., 26, 300–318,
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14884, 2020.
Potter, C., Klooster, S., Hiatt, C., Genovese, V., and Castilla-Rubio, J. C.: Changes in the carbon cycle of Amazon ecosystems during the 2010 drought, Environ. Res. Lett., 6, 034024, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/6/3/034024, 2011.
Quansah, E., Mauder, M., Balogun, A. A., Amekudzi, L. K., Hingerl, L.,
Bliefernicht, J., and Kunstmann, H.: Carbon dioxide fluxes from contrasting
ecosystems in the Sudanian Savanna in West Africa, Carbon Balanc. Manag.,
10, 1, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13021-014-0011-4, 2015.
Raczka, B., Hoar, T. J., Duarte, H. F., Fox, A. M., Anderson, J. L.,
Bowling, D. R., and Lin, J. C.: Improving CLM5.0 biomass and carbon exchange
across the Western United States using a data assimilation system, J. Adv.
Model. Earth Sy., 13, e2020MS002421, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020MS002421,
2021.
Ramo, R., Roteta, E., Bistinas, I., van Wees, D., Bastarrika, A., Chuvieco,
E., and van der Werf, G. R.: African burned area and fire carbon emissions
are strongly impacted by small fires undetected by coarse resolution
satellite data, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 118, e2011160118,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2011160118, 2021.
Räsänen, M., Aurela, M., Vakkari, V., Beukes, J. P., Tuovinen, J.-P., Van Zyl, P. G., Josipovic, M., Venter, A. D., Jaars, K., Siebert, S. J., Laurila, T., Rinne, J., and Laakso, L.: Carbon balance of a grazed savanna grassland ecosystem in South Africa, Biogeosciences, 14, 1039–1054, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1039-2017, 2017.
Reichstein, M., Bahn, M., Ciais, P., Frank, D., Mahecha, M. D., Seneviratne,
S. I., Zscheischler, J., Beer, C., Buchmann, N., Frank, D. C., Papale, D.,
Rammig, A., Smith, P., Thonicke, K., van der Velde, M., Vicca, S., Walz, A.,
and Wattenbach, M.: Climate extremes and the carbon cycle, Nature, 500,
287–295, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12350, 2013.
Rödenbeck, C., Houweling, S., Gloor, M., and Heimann, M.: CO2 flux history 1982–2001 inferred from atmospheric data using a global inversion of atmospheric transport, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 1919–1964, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-1919-2003, 2003.
Saeki, T., Maksyutov, S., Saito, M., Valsala, V., Oda, T., An- dres, R. J.,
Belikov, D., Tans, P., Dlugokencky, E., Yoshida, Y., Morino, I., Uchino, O.,
and Yokota, T.: Inverse modeling of CO2 fluxes using GOSAT data and
multi-year ground-based observations, SOLA, 9, 45–50,
https://doi.org/10.2151/sola.2013-011, 2013.
Schuldt, K., Mund, J., Luijkx, I. T., Jacobson, A. R., Aalto, T., Abshire,
J. B., Aikin, K., Andrews, A., Aoki, S., Apadula, F., Baier, B., Bakwin, P.,
Bartyzel, J., Bentz, G., Bergamaschi, P., Beyersdorf, A., Biermann, T.,
Biraud, S. C., Bowling, D., Brailsford, G., Chen, G., Chen, H., Chmura, L.,
Clark, S., Climadat, S., Colomb, A., Commane, R., Conil, S., Cox, A.,
Cristofanelli, P., Cuevas, E., Curcoll, R., Daube, B., Davis, K., De
Mazière, M., De Wekker, S., Coletta, J. D., Delmotte, M., DiGangi, J.
P., Dlugokencky, E., Elkins, J. W., Emmenegger, L., Fischer, M. L., Forster,
G., Frumau, A., Galkowski, M., Gatti, L. V., Gheusi, F., Gloor, E.,
Gomez-Trueba, V., Goto, D., Griffis, T., Hammer, S., Hanson, C., Haszpra,
L., Hatakka, J., Heliasz, M., Hensen, A., Hermanssen, O., Hintsa, E., Holst,
J., Jaffe, D., Joubert, W., Karion, A., Kawa, S. R., Keeling, R., Keronen,
P., Kolari, P., Kominkova, K., Kort, E., Krummel, P., Kubistin, D.,
Labuschagne, C., Langenfelds, R., Laurent, O., Laurila, T., Lauvaux, T.,
Law, B., Lee, J., Lehner, I., Leuenberger, M., Levin, I., Levula, J., Lin,
J., Lindauer, M., Loh, Z., Lopez, M., Machida, T., Mammarella, I., Manca,
G., Manning, A., Manning, A., Marek, M. V., Martin, M. Y., Matsueda, H.,
McKain, K., Meijer, H., Meinhardt, F., Merchant, L., Mihalopoulos, N.,
Miles, N., Miller, J. B., Miller, C. E., Mitchell, L., Montzka, S., Moore,
F., Morgan, E., Morgui, J.-A., Morimoto, S., Munger, B., Myhre, C. L.,
Mölder, M., Müller-Williams, J., Necki, J., Newman, S., Nichol, S.,
Niwa, Y., O'Doherty, S., Paplawsky, B., Peischl, J., Peltola, O., Pichon, J.
M., Piper, S., Plass-Duelmer, C., Ramonet, M., Ramos, R., Reyes-Sanchez, E.,
Richardson, S., Riris, H., Rivas, P. P., Ryerson, T., Saito, K., Sargent,
M., Sawa, Y., Say, D., Scheeren, B., Schmidt, M., Schumacher, M., Sha, M.
K., Shepson, P., Shook, M., Sloop, C. D., Smith, P., Steinbacher, M.,
Stephens, B., Sweeney, C., Tans, P., Thoning, K., Torn, M., Trisolino, P.,
Turnbull, J., Tørseth, K., Vermeulen, A., Viner, B., Vitkova, G., Walker,
S., Weyrauch, D., Wofsy, S., Worthy, D., Young, D., Zimnoch, M., van
Dinther, D., and van den Bulk P.: Multi-laboratory compilation of
atmospheric carbon dioxide data for the period 1957–2019,
obspack_co2_1_GLOBALVIEWplus_v6.0_2020-09-11, NOAA Earth
System Research Laboratory, Global Monitoring Laboratory,
https://doi.org/10.25925/20200903, 2020.
Sitch, S., Friedlingstein, P., Gruber, N., Jones, S. D., Murray-Tortarolo, G., Ahlström, A., Doney, S. C., Graven, H., Heinze, C., Huntingford, C., Levis, S., Levy, P. E., Lomas, M., Poulter, B., Viovy, N., Zaehle, S., Zeng, N., Arneth, A., Bonan, G., Bopp, L., Canadell, J. G., Chevallier, F., Ciais, P., Ellis, R., Gloor, M., Peylin, P., Piao, S. L., Le Quéré, C., Smith, B., Zhu, Z., and Myneni, R.: Recent trends and drivers of regional sources and sinks of carbon dioxide, Biogeosciences, 12, 653–679, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-653-2015, 2015.
Sleeter, B. M., Liu J., Daniel, C., Rayfield, B., Sherba, J., Hawbaker, T.
J., Zhu, Z., Selmants, P. C., and Loveland, T. R.: Effects of contemporary
land-use and land-cover change on the carbon balance of terrestrial
ecosystems in the United States, Environ. Res. Lett., 13, 045006,
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aab540, 2018.
Swathi, P. S., Indira, N. K., and Ramonet M.: Estimation of Carbon dioxide
fluxes between land, ocean and atmosphere during 2006–2011 with a 4-D
variational assimilation scheme and special reference to Asia, Climate
Change and Green Chemistry of CO2 sequestration, edited by:
Goel, M., Satyanarayana, T., and Agrawal, D. P., Springer-Nature Pte Ltd,
Singapore, 289–310, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0029-6_17,
2021.
Takagi, H., Saeki, T., Oda, T., Saito, M., Valsala, V., Belikov, D., Saito,
R., Yoshida, Y., Morino, I., Uchino, O., Andres, R. J., Yokota, T., and
Maksyutov, S.: On the Benefit of GOSAT Observations to the Estimation of
Regional CO2 Fluxes, SOLA, 7, 161–164,
https://doi.org/10.2151/sola.2011-041, 2011.
Takahashi, T., Sutherland, S. C., Wanninkhof, R., Sweeney, C., Feely, R. A.,
Chipman, D. W., Hales, B., Friederich, G., Chavez, F., Sabine, C., Watson,
A., Bakker, D. C. E., Schuster, U., Metzl, N., Yoshikawa-Inoue, H., Ishii,
M., Midorikawa, T., Nojiri, Y., Körtzinger, A., Steinhoff, T., Hoppema,
M., Olafsson, J., Arnarson, T. S., Tilbrook, B., Johannessen, T., Olsen, A.,
Bellerby, R., Wong, C. S., Delille, B., Bates, N. R., and de Baar, H. J. W.:
Climatological mean and decadal change in surface ocean pCO2, and net
sea-air CO2 flux over the global oceans, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 56, 554–577,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.009, 2009.
Taylor, T. E., O'Dell, C. W., Crisp, D., Kuze, A., Lindqvist, H., Wennberg, P. O., Chatterjee, A., Gunson, M., Eldering, A., Fisher, B., Kiel, M., Nelson, R. R., Merrelli, A., Osterman, G., Chevallier, F., Palmer, P. I., Feng, L., Deutscher, N. M., Dubey, M. K., Feist, D. G., García, O. E., Griffith, D. W. T., Hase, F., Iraci, L. T., Kivi, R., Liu, C., De Mazière, M., Morino, I., Notholt, J., Oh, Y.-S., Ohyama, H., Pollard, D. F., Rettinger, M., Schneider, M., Roehl, C. M., Sha, M. K., Shiomi, K., Strong, K., Sussmann, R., Té, Y., Velazco, V. A., Vrekoussis, M., Warneke, T., and Wunch, D.: An 11-year record of XCO2 estimates derived from GOSAT measurements using the NASA ACOS version 9 retrieval algorithm, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 325–360, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-325-2022, 2022.
Thompson, R. L., Patra, P. K., Chevallier, F., Maksyutov, S., Law, R. M.,
Ziehn, T., van der Laan-Luijkx, I. T., Peters, W., Ganshin, A., Zhuravlev,
R., Maki, T., Nakamura, T., Shirai, T., Ishizawa, M., Saeki, T., Machida,
T., Poulter, B., Canadell, J. G., and Ciais, P.: Top–down assessment of the
Asian carbon budget since the mid 1990s, Nat. Commun., 7, 1–10,
https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10724, 2016.
Tilmes, S.: GEOS5 Global Atmosphere Forcing Data, Research Data Archive at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, https://doi.org/10.5065/QTSA-G775, 2016.
Valentini, R., Arneth, A., Bombelli, A., Castaldi, S., Cazzolla Gatti, R., Chevallier, F., Ciais, P., Grieco, E., Hartmann, J., Henry, M., Houghton, R. A., Jung, M., Kutsch, W. L., Malhi, Y., Mayorga, E., Merbold, L., Murray-Tortarolo, G., Papale, D., Peylin, P., Poulter, B., Raymond, P. A., Santini, M., Sitch, S., Vaglio Laurin, G., van der Werf, G. R., Williams, C. A., and Scholes, R. J.: A full greenhouse gases budget of Africa: synthesis, uncertainties, and vulnerabilities, Biogeosciences, 11, 381–407, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-381-2014, 2014.
Valsala, V., Maksyutov, S., Telszewski, M., Nakaoka, S., Nojiri, Y., Ikeda, M., and Murtugudde, R.: Climate impacts on the structures of the North Pacific air-sea CO2 flux variability, Biogeosciences, 9, 477–492, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-477-2012, 2012.
van der Laan-Luijkx, I. T., van der Velde, I. R., Krol, M. C., Gatti, L. V.,
Domingues, L. G., Correia, C. S. C., Miller, J. B., Gloor, M., van Leeuwen,
T. T., Kaiser, J. W., Wiedinmyer, C., Basu, S., Clerbaux, C., and Peters,
W.: Response of the Amazon carbon balance to the 2010 drought derived with
CarbonTracker South America, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 29, 1092–1108,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GB005082, 2015.
van der Werf, G. R., Randerson, J. T., Giglio, L., van Leeuwen, T. T., Chen, Y., Rogers, B. M., Mu, M., van Marle, M. J. E., Morton, D. C., Collatz, G. J., Yokelson, R. J., and Kasibhatla, P. S.: Global fire emissions estimates during 1997–2016, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 9, 697–720, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-697-2017, 2017.
Veenendaal, M. E., Kolle, O., and Lloyd, J.: Seasonal variation in energy fluxes and
carbon dioxide exchange for a broad leaved semi-arid savanna (Mopane
woodland) in Southern Africa, Glob. Change Biol., 10, 318–328,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2003.00699.x, 2004.
Wang, H., Jiang, F., Wang, J., Ju, W., and Chen, J. M.: Terrestrial ecosystem carbon flux estimated using GOSAT and OCO-2 XCO2 retrievals, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 12067–12082, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12067-2019, 2019.
Wang, J., Zeng, N., Wang, M., Jiang, F., Chen, J., Friedlingstein, P., Jain, A. K., Jiang, Z., Ju, W., Lienert, S., Nabel, J., Sitch, S., Viovy, N., Wang, H., and Wiltshire, A. J.: Contrasting interannual atmospheric CO2 variabilities and their terrestrial mechanisms for two types of El Niños, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 10333–10345, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10333-2018, 2018.
Wang, J., Jiang, F., Wang, H., Qiu, B., Wu, M. S., He, W., Ju, W. M., Zhang,
Y. G., Chen, J. M., and Zhou, Y. L.: Constraining global terrestrial gross
primary productivity in a global carbon assimilation system with OCO-2
chlorophyll fluorescence data, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 304–305, 108424,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108424, 2021a.
Wang, J., Wang, M. R., Kim, J. S., Joiner, J., Zeng, N., Jiang, F., Wang,
H., He, W., Wu, M. S., Chen, T. X., Ju, W. M., and Chen, J. M.: Modulation of
land photosynthesis by the Indian Ocean Dipole: satellite-based observations
and CMIP6 future projections, Earth's Future, 9, e2020EF001942,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001942, 2021b.
Wang, S., Zhang, Y., Ju, W, Porcar-Castell, A., Ye, S., Zhang, Z., Brummer,
C., Urbaniak, M., Mammarella, I., Juszczak, R., and Boersma, K. F.: Warmer
spring alleviated the impacts of 2018 European summer heatwave and drought
on vegetation photosynthesis, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 295, 108195,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108195, 2020.
Whitaker, J. S. and Hamill, T. M.: Ensemble data assimilation without
perturbed observations, Mon. Weather Rev., 130, 1913–1924,
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(2002)130<1913:Edawpo>2.0.Co;2, 2002.
Wofsy, S. C.: HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO): Fine-grained,
global-scale measurements of climatically important atmospheric gases and
aerosols, Philos. T. Roy. Soc. A, 369, 2073–2086,
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0313, 2011.
Wolf, S., Keenan, T. F., Fisher, J. B., Baldocchi, D. D., Desai, A. R.,
Richardson, A. D., Scott, R. L., Law, B. E., Litvak, M. E., Brunsell, N. A.,
Peters, W., and van der Laan-Luijkx, I. T.: Warm spring reduced carbon cycle
impact of the 2012 US summer drought, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 113, 5880–5885, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1519620113, 2016.
Zeng, J., Matsunaga, T., Tan, Z. H., Saigusa, N., Shirai, T., Tang, Y.,
Peng, S., and Fukuda, Y.: Global terrestrial carbon fluxes of 1999–2019
estimated by upscaling eddy covariance data with a random forest, Sci. Data,
7, 313, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-00653-5, 2020.
Zhao, M. S. and Running, S. W.: Drought-Induced Reduction in Global
Terrestrial Net Primary Production from 2000 Through 2009, Science, 329,
940–943, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1192666, 2010.
Short summary
A 10-year (2010–2019) global monthly terrestrial NEE dataset (GCAS2021) was inferred from the GOSAT ACOS v9 XCO2 product. It shows strong carbon sinks over eastern N. America, the Amazon, the Congo Basin, Europe, boreal forests, southern China, and Southeast Asia. It has good quality and can reflect the impacts of extreme climates and large-scale climate anomalies on carbon fluxes well. We believe that this dataset can contribute to regional carbon budget assessment and carbon dynamics research.
A 10-year (2010–2019) global monthly terrestrial NEE dataset (GCAS2021) was inferred from the...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint