Articles | Volume 18, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-5951-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-5951-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Decadal surge of water-surface solar in China's Yangtze Delta: A high-fidelity SAR-optical fusion inventory (2015–2024)
Yue Yan
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Xin Jiang
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Sihuan Wei
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Industrial Intelligence and Digital Twin, Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
International Centre of Urban Energy Nexus, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
Yubin Jin
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Industrial Intelligence and Digital Twin, Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
Xinyu Zou
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Junwei Liu
International Centre of Urban Energy Nexus, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
Yaotong Cai
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Jianhuai Ye
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Zhilin Guo
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Zhenzhong Zeng
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Baohua Cai, Yuanlong Huang, Wenqing Jiang, Yanchen Li, Yali Li, Jinghao Zhai, Yaling Zeng, Jianhuai Ye, Huizhong Shen, Chen Wang, Lei Zhu, Tzung-May Fu, Qi Zhang, and Xin Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 5713–5725, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-5713-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-5713-2026, 2026
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This study reveals a novel Ultraviolet A-driven, metal-free mechanism for aqueous-phase tetravalent sulfur (S(IV)) oxidation that leads to organosulfates formation, addressing a critical knowledge gap in atmospheric sulfur and organic aerosol chemistry and highlighting a previously overlooked photochemical pathway with broad environmental implications.
Yin Zhang, Jinghao Zhai, Yaling Zeng, Shao Shi, Baohua Cai, Ke Yang, Yu Yan, Xin Yuan, Tianlong Hu, Chen Wang, Tzung-May Fu, Lei Zhu, Huizhong Shen, Jianhuai Ye, and Xin Yang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1850, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1850, 2026
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Black carbon warms our climate, but its atmospheric changes remain unclear. We measured individual urban particles with advanced instruments to track this process. We found that black carbon ages through distinct chemical reactions at night versus sunlight-driven processes during the day. Both pathways coat the particles, significantly increasing their ability to absorb light. This helps accurately predict their warming effects.
Dukun Chen, Weifeng Su, Shaojie Jiang, Honglong Yang, Chunsheng Zhang, Shutong Jiang, Dongyang Chang, Yuxin Liang, Hao Wang, Xin Yang, Tzung-May Fu, Zhenzhong Zeng, Lei Zhu, Huizhong Shen, Chen Wang, and Jianhuai Ye
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 3607–3620, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-3607-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-3607-2026, 2026
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This research presents a sensor-free method to transform UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) into precise wind measurement platforms by calibrating their flight dynamics against wind. The approach quantifies how wind tilts the aircraft, enabling accurate estimation of wind speed and direction without additional sensors. This provides a low-cost, high-resolution monitoring of complex wind patterns, with applications in pollution tracking, air quality modeling, and operational safety in the emerging low-altitude economy.
Yaotong Cai, Baoni Li, Xiaoye Liu, Xin Jiang, Yakun Zhu, Shuxin Luo, Yingzuo Qin, Shudi Xie, Jianhuai Ye, Huizhong Shen, Zhilin Guo, Xiaoping Liu, and Zhenzhong Zeng
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-78, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-78, 2026
Preprint under review for ESSD
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Persistent clouds and small farm sizes in Southeast Asia have historically hindered accurate mapping. We combined satellite imagery with advanced artificial intelligence to produce the first 10-meter annual cropland map for the region (2019–2024). Achieving over 92 % accuracy, our dataset reveals three to four times more farming on steep slopes than previously reported, providing a vital baseline for monitoring food security and deforestation risks.
Yuguang Zhu, Zhilin Guo, Sichen Wan, Kewei Chen, Yushan Wang, Zhenzhong Zeng, Huizhong Shen, Jianhuai Ye, and Chunmiao Zheng
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 30, 693–708, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-693-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-693-2026, 2026
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Long-term overuse of groundwater has lowered water levels and increased pollution in parts of northern China. We studied whether adding river water back into the ground can restore groundwater and reduce nitrate pollution. Using computer simulations based on field data, we found that recharge can significantly raise water levels and lower nitrate levels, mainly by dilution rather than natural removal processes.
Jinghao Zhai, Yujie Zhang, Baohua Cai, Yaling Zeng, Jingyi Zhang, Jianhuai Ye, Chen Wang, Tzung-May Fu, Lei Zhu, Huizhong Shen, and Xin Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 623–633, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-623-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-623-2026, 2026
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This work investigates the regulation of aerosol acidity in a coastal megacity under contrasting meteorological regimes. By integrating field observations with thermodynamic modeling, we show that ammonia and aerosol water dominate acidity control under typical conditions, whereas sea-salt cations prevail during typhoons. These findings reveal that extreme weather can alter the governing mechanisms of aerosol acidity, with implications for air quality and climate evaluation.
Yaotong Cai, Peng Zhu, Xing Li, Xiaoping Liu, Yuhe Chen, Qianhui Shen, Xiaocong Xu, Honghui Zhang, Sheng Nie, Cheng Wang, Jia Wang, Bingjie Li, Changjiang Wu, and Haoming Zhuang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 6993–7018, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6993-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6993-2025, 2025
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China’s forests play a crucial role in storing carbon and mitigating climate change, yet long-term high-resolution data on their biomass have been limited. We developed a 30 m annual forest aboveground biomass dataset from 1985 to 2023 using satellite data and deep learning. Our results reveal significant biomass gains, regional variations, and the impact of forest policies. This dataset provides valuable insights for climate research, conservation planning, and sustainable forest management.
Jinghao Zhai, Yin Zhang, Pengfei Liu, Yujie Zhang, Antai Zhang, Yaling Zeng, Baohua Cai, Jingyi Zhang, Chunbo Xing, Honglong Yang, Xiaofei Wang, Jianhuai Ye, Chen Wang, Tzung-May Fu, Lei Zhu, Huizhong Shen, Shu Tao, and Xin Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 7959–7972, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7959-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7959-2025, 2025
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Our study shows that the optical properties of brown carbon depend on its source. Brown carbon from ozone pollution had the weakest light absorption but the strongest wavelength dependence, while biomass burning brown carbon showed the strongest absorption and the weakest wavelength dependence. Nitrogen-containing organic carbon compounds were identified as key light absorbers. These results improve understanding of brown carbon sources and help refine climate models.
Shao Shi, Jinghao Zhai, Xin Yang, Yechun Ruan, Yuanlong Huang, Xujian Chen, Antai Zhang, Jianhuai Ye, Guomao Zheng, Baohua Cai, Yaling Zeng, Yixiang Wang, Chunbo Xing, Yujie Zhang, Tzung-May Fu, Lei Zhu, Huizhong Shen, and Chen Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7001–7012, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7001-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7001-2024, 2024
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The determination of ions in the mass spectra of individual particles remains uncertain. We have developed a standard-free mass calibration algorithm applicable to more than 98 % of ambient particles. With our algorithm, ions with ~ 0.05 Th mass difference could be determined. Therefore, many more atmospheric species could be determined and involved in the source apportionment of aerosols, the study of chemical reaction mechanisms, and the analysis of single-particle mixing states.
Yi Liu, Lihong Zhou, Yingzuo Qin, Cesar Azorin-Molina, Cheng Shen, Rongrong Xu, and Zhenzhong Zeng
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1123–1131, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1123-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1123-2024, 2024
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Our research analyzed China's wind speed data and addressed inconsistencies caused by factors like equipment changes and station relocations. After improving data quality, China's recent wind speed decrease reduced by 41 %, revealing an increasing trend. This emphasizes the importance of rigorous data processing for accurate trend assessments in various research fields.
Feng Yang and Zhenzhong Zeng
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 4011–4021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4011-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4011-2023, 2023
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We generated a 4.77 m resolution annual tree cover map product for Southeast Asia (SEA) for 2016–2021 using Planet-NICFI and Sentinel-1 imagery. Maps were created with good accuracy and high consistency during 2016–2021. The baseline maps at 4.77 m can be converted to forest cover maps for SEA at various resolutions to meet different users’ needs. Our products can help resolve rounding errors in forest cover mapping by counting isolated trees and monitoring long, narrow forest cover removal.
Bingjie Li, Xiaocong Xu, Xiaoping Liu, Qian Shi, Haoming Zhuang, Yaotong Cai, and Da He
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2347–2373, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2347-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2347-2023, 2023
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A global land cover map with fine spatial resolution is important for climate and environmental studies, food security, or biodiversity conservation. In this study, we developed an improved global land cover map in 2015 with 30 m resolution (GLC-2015) by fusing the existing land cover products based on the Dempster–Shafer theory of evidence on the Google Earth Engine platform. The GLC-2015 performed well, with an OA of 79.5 % (83.6 %) assessed with the global point-based (patch-based) samples.
Y. Cai, Q. Shi, and X. Liu
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-3-W1-2022, 1–6, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-3-W1-2022-1-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-3-W1-2022-1-2022, 2022
Adrian Chappell, Nicholas Webb, Mark Hennen, Charles Zender, Philippe Ciais, Kerstin Schepanski, Brandon Edwards, Nancy Ziegler, Sandra Jones, Yves Balkanski, Daniel Tong, John Leys, Stephan Heidenreich, Robert Hynes, David Fuchs, Zhenzhong Zeng, Marie Ekström, Matthew Baddock, Jeffrey Lee, and Tarek Kandakji
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2021-337, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2021-337, 2021
Revised manuscript not accepted
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Dust emissions influence global climate while simultaneously reducing the productive potential and resilience of landscapes to climate stressors, together impacting food security and human health. Our results indicate that tuning dust emission models to dust in the atmosphere has hidden dust emission modelling weaknesses and its poor performance. Our new approach will reduce uncertainty and driven by prognostic albedo improve Earth System Models of aerosol effects on future environmental change.
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Short summary
Floating solar is growing rapidly in China, but its long-term development remains poorly documented. We created a decade-long map of floating solar installations in the Yangtze River Delta using satellite observations and visual verification. The mapped area increased from 17.4 square kilometers in 2015 to 145.4 square kilometers in 2024. This dataset supports renewable energy planning and future studies of environmental changes related to floating solar expansion.
Floating solar is growing rapidly in China, but its long-term development remains poorly...
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