Articles | Volume 15, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-847-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-847-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description article
| 
16 Feb 2023
Data description article |
| 16 Feb 2023
| 16 Feb 2023
Interdecadal glacier inventories in the Karakoram since the 1990s
Fuming Xie
Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary
Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan
University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary
Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan
University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
Yongpeng Gao
Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary
Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan
University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary
Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan
University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
Tobias Bolch
School of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY19 9AL, Scotland, United Kingdom
Andreas Kääb
Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0316, Norway
Shimei Duan
Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary
Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan
University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
Wenfei Miao
Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary
Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan
University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
Jianfang Kang
Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
National Cryosphere Desert Data Center, Lanzhou 730000, China
Yaonan Zhang
Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
National Cryosphere Desert Data Center, Lanzhou 730000, China
Xiran Pan
Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary
Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan
University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
Caixia Qin
Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary
Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan
University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
Kunpeng Wu
Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary
Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan
University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
Miaomiao Qi
Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary
Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan
University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
Xianhe Zhang
Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary
Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan
University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
Ying Yi
Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary
Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan
University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
Fengze Han
Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary
Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan
University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
Xiaojun Yao
College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northwest Normal
University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
Xin Wang
School of Resource, Environment and Safety Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
Zongli Jiang
School of Resource, Environment and Safety Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
Donghui Shangguan
State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
Yong Zhang
School of Resource, Environment and Safety Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
Richard Grünwald
Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan
University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
Muhammad Adnan
Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary
Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan
University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
Jyoti Karki
Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary
Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan
University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
Muhammad Saifullah
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef
University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
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Cited
32 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A comprehensive and version-controlled database of glacial lake outburst floods in High Mountain Asia F. Shrestha et al.
- Glacier retreat and lake outburst floods in the central Himalayan region from 2000 to 2022 A. Banerjee et al.
- High-altitude precipitation controls the mass balance of Pasu Glacier, Karakoram over 2000–2020: A case study based on mass and energy budget Y. Zhu et al.
- Debris cover effects on energy and mass balance of Batura Glacier in the Karakoram over the past 20 years Y. Zhu et al.
- Characteristics of Musta Glacier surges and their responses to climate change between 1976 and 2023 Y. Gao et al.
- A Geodetic-Data-Calibrated Ice Flow Model to Simulate Historical and Future Response of Glaciers in Southeastern Tibetan Plateau L. Xiao et al.
- A new time-stamped glacier inventory of High Mountain Asia based on deep learning and remote sensing big data in 2020 C. Ke et al.
- Long-term hydrological dynamics and water balance in the Upper Indus Basin: Insights from a process-based model M. Umer et al.
- Dynamic difference between surging and normal glaciers in the context of climate change: Insights from multi-source remote sensing Y. Gao et al.
- A Review of Karakoram Glacier Anomalies in High Mountains Asia J. Li et al.
- Historical and projected evolutions of glaciers in response to climate change in High Mountain Asia L. Yang et al.
- Seasonal and interannual variability of Karakoram glacier surface albedo from AVHRR-MODIS data, 1982–2020 F. Xie et al.
- Climate-Driven Cryospheric Changes and Their Impacts on Glacier Runoff Dynamics in the Northern Tien Shan A. Akzharkynova et al.
- Spatial Distribution and Characteristics of Debris-Covered Glaciers in Xinjiang Based on CGI-XJ2020 Z. Zhan et al.
- A dataset of glacier inventory on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains from 1990 to 2020 J. HU et al.
- Spatio-temporal variability study of Shigar Basin Glaciers, Central Karakoram Region, Pakistan S. Mustafa et al.
- A Deep Learning-Based Framework for the Automatic Extraction of Clean Ice / Snow on the Tibetan Plateau K. Huang et al.
- Hydrological control of the surging behaviour of the Ghujerab River Head Glacier, Karakoram (2019–2023): Insights from high-temporal-resolution remote sensing monitoring J. Mu et al.
- Changes in glaciers and climate in the Karakoram since the Little Ice Age H. ZHANG et al.
- Weakening trends of glacier and snowmelt-induced floods in the Upper Yarkant River Basin, Karakoram during 1961–2022 Y. Yi et al.
- Arthropod discoveries from the Passu Glacier highlight understudied glacial biodiversity in the Karakoram and its local evolutionary history B. Valle et al.
- Satellite-observed surging dynamics of North Kunchhang Glacier I in the Eastern Karakoram F. Zhao et al.
- 基于深度学习和遥感大数据的亚洲高山区2020年有时间戳标记的冰川编目 长. 柯 et al.
- Monitoring dynamics of Kyagar Glacier surge and repeated draining of Ice-dammed lake using multi-source remote sensing Y. Gao et al.
- Investigating glacier mass balance and driving factors of the Karakoram Anomaly S. Zhou et al.
- Mapping Debris-Covered Glaciers Using High-Resolution Imagery (GF-2) and Deep Learning Algorithms X. Yang et al.
- Heterogeneous impacts of climate change on streamflow in typical watersheds of three mountain systems in Xinjiang, Northwest China C. Zan et al.
- Mapping seasonal snow melting in Karakoram using SAR and topographic data S. Li et al.
- Interdecadal glacier inventories in the Karakoram since the 1990s F. Xie et al.
- Debris-covered glacier identification in the Karakoram aided by thermal remote sensing D. Lhakpa et al.
- Retrieval of high-resolution melting-season albedo and its implications for the Karakoram Anomaly F. Xie et al.
- Reconstructions of global last glacial maximum glaciers and climate in the Karakoram Mountains, northwestern Tibetan plateau Y. Sun et al.
32 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A comprehensive and version-controlled database of glacial lake outburst floods in High Mountain Asia F. Shrestha et al.
- Glacier retreat and lake outburst floods in the central Himalayan region from 2000 to 2022 A. Banerjee et al.
- High-altitude precipitation controls the mass balance of Pasu Glacier, Karakoram over 2000–2020: A case study based on mass and energy budget Y. Zhu et al.
- Debris cover effects on energy and mass balance of Batura Glacier in the Karakoram over the past 20 years Y. Zhu et al.
- Characteristics of Musta Glacier surges and their responses to climate change between 1976 and 2023 Y. Gao et al.
- A Geodetic-Data-Calibrated Ice Flow Model to Simulate Historical and Future Response of Glaciers in Southeastern Tibetan Plateau L. Xiao et al.
- A new time-stamped glacier inventory of High Mountain Asia based on deep learning and remote sensing big data in 2020 C. Ke et al.
- Long-term hydrological dynamics and water balance in the Upper Indus Basin: Insights from a process-based model M. Umer et al.
- Dynamic difference between surging and normal glaciers in the context of climate change: Insights from multi-source remote sensing Y. Gao et al.
- A Review of Karakoram Glacier Anomalies in High Mountains Asia J. Li et al.
- Historical and projected evolutions of glaciers in response to climate change in High Mountain Asia L. Yang et al.
- Seasonal and interannual variability of Karakoram glacier surface albedo from AVHRR-MODIS data, 1982–2020 F. Xie et al.
- Climate-Driven Cryospheric Changes and Their Impacts on Glacier Runoff Dynamics in the Northern Tien Shan A. Akzharkynova et al.
- Spatial Distribution and Characteristics of Debris-Covered Glaciers in Xinjiang Based on CGI-XJ2020 Z. Zhan et al.
- A dataset of glacier inventory on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains from 1990 to 2020 J. HU et al.
- Spatio-temporal variability study of Shigar Basin Glaciers, Central Karakoram Region, Pakistan S. Mustafa et al.
- A Deep Learning-Based Framework for the Automatic Extraction of Clean Ice / Snow on the Tibetan Plateau K. Huang et al.
- Hydrological control of the surging behaviour of the Ghujerab River Head Glacier, Karakoram (2019–2023): Insights from high-temporal-resolution remote sensing monitoring J. Mu et al.
- Changes in glaciers and climate in the Karakoram since the Little Ice Age H. ZHANG et al.
- Weakening trends of glacier and snowmelt-induced floods in the Upper Yarkant River Basin, Karakoram during 1961–2022 Y. Yi et al.
- Arthropod discoveries from the Passu Glacier highlight understudied glacial biodiversity in the Karakoram and its local evolutionary history B. Valle et al.
- Satellite-observed surging dynamics of North Kunchhang Glacier I in the Eastern Karakoram F. Zhao et al.
- 基于深度学习和遥感大数据的亚洲高山区2020年有时间戳标记的冰川编目 长. 柯 et al.
- Monitoring dynamics of Kyagar Glacier surge and repeated draining of Ice-dammed lake using multi-source remote sensing Y. Gao et al.
- Investigating glacier mass balance and driving factors of the Karakoram Anomaly S. Zhou et al.
- Mapping Debris-Covered Glaciers Using High-Resolution Imagery (GF-2) and Deep Learning Algorithms X. Yang et al.
- Heterogeneous impacts of climate change on streamflow in typical watersheds of three mountain systems in Xinjiang, Northwest China C. Zan et al.
- Mapping seasonal snow melting in Karakoram using SAR and topographic data S. Li et al.
- Interdecadal glacier inventories in the Karakoram since the 1990s F. Xie et al.
- Debris-covered glacier identification in the Karakoram aided by thermal remote sensing D. Lhakpa et al.
- Retrieval of high-resolution melting-season albedo and its implications for the Karakoram Anomaly F. Xie et al.
- Reconstructions of global last glacial maximum glaciers and climate in the Karakoram Mountains, northwestern Tibetan plateau Y. Sun et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 02 May 2026
Short summary
In this study, first we generated inventories which allowed us to systematically detect glacier change patterns in the Karakoram range. We found that, by the 2020s, there were approximately 10 500 glaciers in the Karakoram mountains covering an area of 22 510.73 km2, of which ~ 10.2 % is covered by debris. During the past 30 years (from 1990 to 2020), the total glacier cover area in Karakoram remained relatively stable, with a slight increase in area of 23.5 km2.
In this study, first we generated inventories which allowed us to systematically detect glacier...
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