Global sea-level budget and ocean-mass budget, with a focus on advanced data products and uncertainty characterisation

Horwath, Martin; Gutknecht, Benjamin D.; Cazenave, Anny; Palanisamy, Hindumathi Kulaiappan; Marti, Florence; Marzeion​​​​​​​, Ben; Paul, Frank; Le Bris, Raymond; Hogg, Anna E.; Otosaka, Inès; Shepherd, Andrew; Döll, Petra; Cáceres, Denise; Müller Schmied, Hannes; Johannessen, Johnny A.; Nilsen, Jan Even Øie; Raj, Roshin P.; Forsberg, René; Sandberg Sørensen, Louise; Barletta, Valentina R.; Simonsen, Sebastian B.; Knudsen, Per; Andersen, Ole Baltazar; Ranndal, Heidi; Rose, Stine K.; Merchant, Christopher J.; Macintosh, Claire R.; von Schuckmann, Karina; Novotny​​​​​​​, Kristin; Groh, Andreas; Restano, Marco; Benveniste, Jérôme

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-411-2022

Articles | Volume 14, issue 2

Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 411–447, 2022

https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-411-2022

© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 411–447, 2022

https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-411-2022

© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 14, issue 2

Review article 07 Feb 2022

Review article | 07 Feb 2022

Global sea-level budget and ocean-mass budget, with a focus on advanced data products and uncertainty characterisation

Martin Horwath et al.

Data sets

ESA Sea Level Budget Closure Climate Change Initiative (SLBC_cci): Time series of global mean sea level budget and ocean mass budget elements (1993-2016, at monthly resolution), version 2.2 Martin Horwath, Benjamin D. Gutknecht, Anny Cazenave, Hindumathi Kulaiappan Palanisamy, Florence Marti, Ben Marzeion, Frank Paul, Raymond Le Bris, Anna E. Hogg, Inès Otosaka, Andrew Shepherd, Petra Döll, Denise Cáceres, Hannes Müller Schmied, Johnny A. Johannessen, Jan Even Øie Nilsen, Roshin P. Raj, René Forsberg, Louise Sandberg Sørensen, Valentina R. Barletta, Sebastian B. Simonsen, Per Knudsen, Ole Baltazar Andersen, Heidi Ranndal, Stine K. Rose, Christopher J. Merchant, Claire R. Macintosh, Karina von Schuckmann, Kristin Novotny, Andreas Groh, Marco Restano, and Jérôme Benveniste https://doi.org/10.5285/17c2ce31784048de93996275ee976fff

Short summary

Global mean sea-level change observed from 1993 to 2016 (mean rate of 3.05 mm yr⁻¹) matches the combined effect of changes in water density (thermal expansion) and ocean mass. Ocean-mass change has been assessed through the contributions from glaciers, ice sheets, and land water storage or directly from satellite data since 2003. Our budget assessments of linear trends and monthly anomalies utilise new datasets and uncertainty characterisations developed within ESA's Climate Change Initiative.