Articles | Volume 14, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3773-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3773-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description paper
| 
25 Aug 2022
Data description paper |
| 25 Aug 2022
| 25 Aug 2022
Stable water isotope monitoring network of different water bodies in Shiyang River basin, a typical arid river in China
College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Shiyang River Ecological Environment Observation Station, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Yuwei Liu
College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Shiyang River Ecological Environment Observation Station, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Peiji Shi
College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Shiyang River Ecological Environment Observation Station, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Wenxiong Jia
College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Shiyang River Ecological Environment Observation Station, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Junju Zhou
College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Shiyang River Ecological Environment Observation Station, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Yuanfeng Liu
College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Shiyang River Ecological Environment Observation Station, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Xinggang Ma
College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Shiyang River Ecological Environment Observation Station, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Hanxiong Pan
College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Shiyang River Ecological Environment Observation Station, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Yu Zhang
College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Shiyang River Ecological Environment Observation Station, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Zhiyuan Zhang
College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Shiyang River Ecological Environment Observation Station, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Zhigang Sun
College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Shiyang River Ecological Environment Observation Station, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Leilei Yong
College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Shiyang River Ecological Environment Observation Station, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Kailiang Zhao
College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Shiyang River Ecological Environment Observation Station, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
Related authors
Yinying Jiao, Guofeng Zhu, Yuxin Miao, Yani Gun, Jiangwei Yang, and Qinqin Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2410, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2410, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Hydrology and Earth System Sciences (HESS).
Short summary
Short summary
This finding constitutes a major breakthrough in our understanding of land–atmosphere interactions in complex environments, advancing climate dynamics theory while also carrying profound implications for climate science—particularly in understanding and predicting vegetation-mediated extreme weather events—and providing essential insights for improving climate models and devising sustainable management strategies for arid regions.
Rui Li, Guofeng Zhu, Longhu Chen, Xiaoyu Qi, Siyu Lu, Gaojia Meng, Yuhao Wang, Wenmin Li, Zhijie Zheng, Jiangwei Yang, and Yani Gun
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2135–2145, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2135-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2135-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The study of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes in surface water is vital for understanding the global water cycle and its response to climate change. Analysing data from 22 389 global sampling stations over 67 years, we uncover spatial and temporal variations in isotopes, showing depletion from the Equator to the poles and from coastal to inland areas. These variations, influenced by geographic, topographic and meteorological factors, reveal the water cycle's heterogeneity.
Jiangwei Yang, Liyuan Sang, Guofeng Zhu, Rui Li, Siyu Lu, QInqin Wang, Yinying Jiao, Xiaoyu Qi, Zhijie Zheng, Wenmin Li, Yuxin Miao, and Yani Gun
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-277, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-277, 2024
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
Recent dramatic increase in dam construction on rivers has changed the water cycle pattern in arid areas. Understanding the impact of dams on these processes is a key challenge in the hydrological field. Studies show that the dam destroys the natural hydrological connectivity of rivers and increases the retention time of surface waters. Studies revealed these changes using isotope kinetic analysis, further confirming the profound effect of dams on water circulation in inland river basins.
Yinying Jiao, Guofeng Zhu, Dongdong Qiu, Siyu Lu, Gaojia Meng, Rui Li, Qinqin Wang, Longhu Chen, and Wentong Li
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2246, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2246, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study shows that transpiration is the key reason behind the high-altitude forest zone's limited runoff generation. Furthermore, within the altitude range of 2500–3200 meters, an increase in recirculated water vapor was observed alongside an increase in precipitation, suggesting a direct positive correlation between these two factors.
Longhu Chen, Qinqin Wang, Guofeng Zhu, Rui Li, Siyu Lu, Xinrui Lin, Dongdong Qiu, Gaojia Meng, Yinying Jiao, Yuhao Wang, Jing Liu, Yutong He, and Yanan Li
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-171, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-171, 2024
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides a dataset of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes from 2,059 sites worldwide, showing variations in global precipitation isotopes since 1961. The dataset offers insights into climate variability and water resource management.
Qinqin Wang, Yuanxiao Xu, Guofeng Zhu, Siyu Lu, Dongdong Qiu, Yinying Jiao, Longhu Chen, Gaojia Meng, Rui Li, Xiaoyu Qi, Wenmin Li, Ling Zhao, Yuhao Wang, Enwei Huang, and Wentong Li
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2047, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2047, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the impact of agricultural activities and ecological restoration on soil organic carbon in the terraced areas of the Loess Plateau. This research is of significance for agricultural management and ecological restoration in the terraced areas of the Loess Plateau, and contributes to the formulation of rational policies for carbon sequestration in terraced farmland.
Enwei Huang, Guofeng Zhu, Yuhao Wang, Gaojia Meng, Ling Zhao, Xuan Zhang, Xiaoyu Qi, Qinqin Wang, Yinying Jiao, Jiawei Liu, Siyu Lu, Longhu Chen, and Rui Li
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1008, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1008, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
(1) the distribution of snow across the Qilian Mountains mainly splits between the central and western areas; (2) the area covered by snow in the Qilian Mountains is growing, but the depth of the snow is on a decline (3) most of the region is witnessing an earlier start of snow onset date (SOD), a longer snow-covered days (SCD), and an earlier snow end date (SED).
Longhu Chen, Qinqin Wang, Guofeng Zhu, Xinrui Lin, Dongdong Qiu, Yinying Jiao, Siyu Lu, Rui Li, Gaojia Meng, and Yuhao Wang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1543–1557, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1543-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1543-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We have compiled data regarding stable precipitation isotopes from 842 sampling points throughout the Eurasian continent since 1961, accumulating a total of 51 753 data records. The collected data have undergone pre-processing and statistical analysis. We also analysed the spatiotemporal distribution of stable precipitation isotopes across the Eurasian continent and their interrelationships with meteorological elements.
Gaojia Meng, Guofeng Zhu, Yinying Jiao, Dongdong Qiu, Yuhao Wang, Siyu Lu, Rui Li, Jiawei Liu, Longhu Chen, Qinqin Wang, Enwei Huang, and Wentong Li
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-76, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-76, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
Short summary
Short summary
Shiyang River Basin is a typical inland river basin in the arid zone, and through the study, it was found that its soil salinization area has a general trend of increasing, and the degree of salinization gradually increases. External water transfers have alleviated water shortage and salinization to a certain extent, but soil salinization has already occurred in its periphery.
Rui Li, Guofeng Zhu, Siyu Lu, Liyuan Sang, Gaojia Meng, Longhu Chen, Yinying Jiao, and Qinqin Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 4437–4452, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4437-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4437-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In semi-arid regions, the problem of water shortages is becoming more and more serious with the acceleration of urbanization. Based on isotope data and hydrometeorological data, we analysed the impact of urbanization on the water cycle of the basin. The results showed that urbanization sped up the process of rainfall runoff. The MRT got shorter from upstream to downstream, and the landscape dams that were built during urbanization made the river evaporate even more.
Xinrui Lin, Guofeng Zhu, Dongdong Qiu, Longhu Chen, Dehong Si, Linlin Ye, Siyu Lu, Yinying Jiao, Jiawei Liu, Rui Li, Qinqin Wang, Jiangwei Yang, and Wenhao Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2058, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2058, 2023
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
This article examines the impacts of high-temperature events on precipitation isotopes. The results show that stable precipitation isotopes are more enriched under the influence of high-temperature events than in the same month of previous years. High temperatures and atmospheric circulation patterns lead to abnormal variations in precipitation isotopes in high-temperature months. This research is instructive for disentangling the influence of high-temperature events on water cycle processes.
Siyu Lu, Guofeng Zhu, Rui Li, Yinying Jiao, Gaojia Meng, Dongdong Qiu, Yuwei Liu, Lei Wang, Xinrui Lin, Yuanxiao Xu, Qinqin Wang, and Longhu Chen
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-1, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-1, 2023
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
The study shows that precipitation and soil water are the most important sources for forest trees in the mountainous areas, and that agricultural vegetation in the middle and lower oasis areas mainly absorbs soil water recharged by irrigation. The desert area forms vegetation in the ecological water transfer area, and the vegetation mainly absorbs soil water, lake water and groundwater formed by ecological water transfer.
Yinying Jiao, Guofeng Zhu, Dongdong Qiu, Yuwei Liu, Lei Wang, Siyu Lu, Gaojia Meng, Xinrui Lin, Rui Li, Qinqin Wang, Longhu Chen, and Niu Sun
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2022-375, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2022-375, 2023
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Qilian Mountains are an important ecological security barrier and a priority area for biodiversity conservation in central Asia. We quantified the evapotranspiration processes in the forest belts of the Qilian Mountains as well as their contribution to runoff yield and concentration based on precipitation, soil water, and plant water samples and experimental data. We draw a conclusion that the forest zone does not yield flows in the eastern part of the Qilian Mountains.
Guofeng Zhu, Leilei Yong, Xi Zhao, Yuwei Liu, Zhuanxia Zhang, Yuanxiao Xu, Zhigang Sun, Liyuan Sang, and Lei Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 3771–3784, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3771-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3771-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In arid areas, the processes of water storage have not been fully understood in different vegetation zones in mountainous areas. This study monitored the stable isotopes in the precipitation and soil water of the Xiying River Basin. In the four vegetation zones, soil water evaporation intensities were mountain grassland > deciduous forest > coniferous forest > alpine meadow, and soil water storage capacity was alpine meadow > deciduous forest > coniferous forest > mountain grassland.
Guofeng Zhu, Zhigang Sun, Yuanxiao Xu, Yuwei Liu, Zhuanxia Zhang, Liyuan Sang, and Lei Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2022-75, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2022-75, 2022
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
We analyzed the stable isotopic composition of surface water and estimated its evaporative loss in the Shiyang River Basin. The characteristics of stable isotopes in surface water show a gradual enrichment from mountainous areas to deserts, and the evaporation loss of surface water also shows a gradually increasing trend from upstream to downstream. The study of evaporative losses in the river-lake continuum contributes to the sustainable use of water resources.
Yuwei Liu, Guofeng Zhu, Zhuanxia Zhang, Zhigang Sun, Leilei Yong, Liyuan Sang, Lei Wang, and Kailiang Zhao
Biogeosciences, 19, 877–889, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-877-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-877-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We took the water cycle process of soil–plant–atmospheric precipitation as the research objective. In the water cycle of soil–plant–atmospheric precipitation, precipitation plays the main controlling role. The main source of replenishment for alpine meadow plants is precipitation and alpine meltwater; the main source of replenishment for forest plants is soil water; and the plants in the arid foothills mainly use groundwater.
Guofeng Zhu, Yuwei Liu, Peiji Shi, Wenxiong Jia, Junju Zhou, Yuanfeng Liu, Xinggang Ma, Hanxiong Pan, Yu Zhang, Zhiyuan Zhang, Zhigang Sun, Leilei Yong, and Kailiang Zhao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2021-79, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2021-79, 2021
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
We have established a stable water isotope monitoring network in the Shiyang River Basin. The monitoring station with six observation systems: river source area, oasis area, reservoir canal system area, oasis farmland area, ecological restoration area and salinized area.The data set includes the stable water isotopes of different water bodies and the meteorological and hydrological data in the Shiyang River Basin. So far, the data have been obtained for five consecutive years.
Yinying Jiao, Guofeng Zhu, Yuxin Miao, Yani Gun, Jiangwei Yang, and Qinqin Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2410, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2410, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Hydrology and Earth System Sciences (HESS).
Short summary
Short summary
This finding constitutes a major breakthrough in our understanding of land–atmosphere interactions in complex environments, advancing climate dynamics theory while also carrying profound implications for climate science—particularly in understanding and predicting vegetation-mediated extreme weather events—and providing essential insights for improving climate models and devising sustainable management strategies for arid regions.
Rui Li, Guofeng Zhu, Longhu Chen, Xiaoyu Qi, Siyu Lu, Gaojia Meng, Yuhao Wang, Wenmin Li, Zhijie Zheng, Jiangwei Yang, and Yani Gun
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2135–2145, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2135-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2135-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The study of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes in surface water is vital for understanding the global water cycle and its response to climate change. Analysing data from 22 389 global sampling stations over 67 years, we uncover spatial and temporal variations in isotopes, showing depletion from the Equator to the poles and from coastal to inland areas. These variations, influenced by geographic, topographic and meteorological factors, reveal the water cycle's heterogeneity.
Jiangwei Yang, Liyuan Sang, Guofeng Zhu, Rui Li, Siyu Lu, QInqin Wang, Yinying Jiao, Xiaoyu Qi, Zhijie Zheng, Wenmin Li, Yuxin Miao, and Yani Gun
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-277, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-277, 2024
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
Recent dramatic increase in dam construction on rivers has changed the water cycle pattern in arid areas. Understanding the impact of dams on these processes is a key challenge in the hydrological field. Studies show that the dam destroys the natural hydrological connectivity of rivers and increases the retention time of surface waters. Studies revealed these changes using isotope kinetic analysis, further confirming the profound effect of dams on water circulation in inland river basins.
Yinying Jiao, Guofeng Zhu, Dongdong Qiu, Siyu Lu, Gaojia Meng, Rui Li, Qinqin Wang, Longhu Chen, and Wentong Li
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2246, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2246, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study shows that transpiration is the key reason behind the high-altitude forest zone's limited runoff generation. Furthermore, within the altitude range of 2500–3200 meters, an increase in recirculated water vapor was observed alongside an increase in precipitation, suggesting a direct positive correlation between these two factors.
Longhu Chen, Qinqin Wang, Guofeng Zhu, Rui Li, Siyu Lu, Xinrui Lin, Dongdong Qiu, Gaojia Meng, Yinying Jiao, Yuhao Wang, Jing Liu, Yutong He, and Yanan Li
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-171, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-171, 2024
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides a dataset of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes from 2,059 sites worldwide, showing variations in global precipitation isotopes since 1961. The dataset offers insights into climate variability and water resource management.
Qinqin Wang, Yuanxiao Xu, Guofeng Zhu, Siyu Lu, Dongdong Qiu, Yinying Jiao, Longhu Chen, Gaojia Meng, Rui Li, Xiaoyu Qi, Wenmin Li, Ling Zhao, Yuhao Wang, Enwei Huang, and Wentong Li
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2047, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2047, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the impact of agricultural activities and ecological restoration on soil organic carbon in the terraced areas of the Loess Plateau. This research is of significance for agricultural management and ecological restoration in the terraced areas of the Loess Plateau, and contributes to the formulation of rational policies for carbon sequestration in terraced farmland.
Enwei Huang, Guofeng Zhu, Yuhao Wang, Gaojia Meng, Ling Zhao, Xuan Zhang, Xiaoyu Qi, Qinqin Wang, Yinying Jiao, Jiawei Liu, Siyu Lu, Longhu Chen, and Rui Li
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1008, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1008, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
(1) the distribution of snow across the Qilian Mountains mainly splits between the central and western areas; (2) the area covered by snow in the Qilian Mountains is growing, but the depth of the snow is on a decline (3) most of the region is witnessing an earlier start of snow onset date (SOD), a longer snow-covered days (SCD), and an earlier snow end date (SED).
Longhu Chen, Qinqin Wang, Guofeng Zhu, Xinrui Lin, Dongdong Qiu, Yinying Jiao, Siyu Lu, Rui Li, Gaojia Meng, and Yuhao Wang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1543–1557, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1543-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1543-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We have compiled data regarding stable precipitation isotopes from 842 sampling points throughout the Eurasian continent since 1961, accumulating a total of 51 753 data records. The collected data have undergone pre-processing and statistical analysis. We also analysed the spatiotemporal distribution of stable precipitation isotopes across the Eurasian continent and their interrelationships with meteorological elements.
Gaojia Meng, Guofeng Zhu, Yinying Jiao, Dongdong Qiu, Yuhao Wang, Siyu Lu, Rui Li, Jiawei Liu, Longhu Chen, Qinqin Wang, Enwei Huang, and Wentong Li
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-76, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-76, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
Short summary
Short summary
Shiyang River Basin is a typical inland river basin in the arid zone, and through the study, it was found that its soil salinization area has a general trend of increasing, and the degree of salinization gradually increases. External water transfers have alleviated water shortage and salinization to a certain extent, but soil salinization has already occurred in its periphery.
Rui Li, Guofeng Zhu, Siyu Lu, Liyuan Sang, Gaojia Meng, Longhu Chen, Yinying Jiao, and Qinqin Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 4437–4452, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4437-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4437-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In semi-arid regions, the problem of water shortages is becoming more and more serious with the acceleration of urbanization. Based on isotope data and hydrometeorological data, we analysed the impact of urbanization on the water cycle of the basin. The results showed that urbanization sped up the process of rainfall runoff. The MRT got shorter from upstream to downstream, and the landscape dams that were built during urbanization made the river evaporate even more.
Yu Zhang, Hongbing Tan, Peixin Cong, Dongping Shi, Wenbo Rao, and Xiying Zhang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 4019–4038, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4019-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4019-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Rapid climate warming creates barriers for us to investigate water resource states. Using stable and radioactive isotopes, we identified the seasonality and spatiality of the water cycle in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. Climate warming/humidification accelerates the water cycle in alpine arid basins. Precipitation and meltwater infiltrate along preferential flow paths to facilitate rapid groundwater recharge. Total water resources may show an initially increasing and then decreasing trend.
Xinrui Lin, Guofeng Zhu, Dongdong Qiu, Longhu Chen, Dehong Si, Linlin Ye, Siyu Lu, Yinying Jiao, Jiawei Liu, Rui Li, Qinqin Wang, Jiangwei Yang, and Wenhao Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2058, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2058, 2023
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
This article examines the impacts of high-temperature events on precipitation isotopes. The results show that stable precipitation isotopes are more enriched under the influence of high-temperature events than in the same month of previous years. High temperatures and atmospheric circulation patterns lead to abnormal variations in precipitation isotopes in high-temperature months. This research is instructive for disentangling the influence of high-temperature events on water cycle processes.
Siyu Lu, Guofeng Zhu, Rui Li, Yinying Jiao, Gaojia Meng, Dongdong Qiu, Yuwei Liu, Lei Wang, Xinrui Lin, Yuanxiao Xu, Qinqin Wang, and Longhu Chen
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-1, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-1, 2023
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
The study shows that precipitation and soil water are the most important sources for forest trees in the mountainous areas, and that agricultural vegetation in the middle and lower oasis areas mainly absorbs soil water recharged by irrigation. The desert area forms vegetation in the ecological water transfer area, and the vegetation mainly absorbs soil water, lake water and groundwater formed by ecological water transfer.
Yinying Jiao, Guofeng Zhu, Dongdong Qiu, Yuwei Liu, Lei Wang, Siyu Lu, Gaojia Meng, Xinrui Lin, Rui Li, Qinqin Wang, Longhu Chen, and Niu Sun
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2022-375, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2022-375, 2023
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Qilian Mountains are an important ecological security barrier and a priority area for biodiversity conservation in central Asia. We quantified the evapotranspiration processes in the forest belts of the Qilian Mountains as well as their contribution to runoff yield and concentration based on precipitation, soil water, and plant water samples and experimental data. We draw a conclusion that the forest zone does not yield flows in the eastern part of the Qilian Mountains.
Guofeng Zhu, Leilei Yong, Xi Zhao, Yuwei Liu, Zhuanxia Zhang, Yuanxiao Xu, Zhigang Sun, Liyuan Sang, and Lei Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 3771–3784, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3771-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3771-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In arid areas, the processes of water storage have not been fully understood in different vegetation zones in mountainous areas. This study monitored the stable isotopes in the precipitation and soil water of the Xiying River Basin. In the four vegetation zones, soil water evaporation intensities were mountain grassland > deciduous forest > coniferous forest > alpine meadow, and soil water storage capacity was alpine meadow > deciduous forest > coniferous forest > mountain grassland.
Guofeng Zhu, Zhigang Sun, Yuanxiao Xu, Yuwei Liu, Zhuanxia Zhang, Liyuan Sang, and Lei Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2022-75, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2022-75, 2022
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
We analyzed the stable isotopic composition of surface water and estimated its evaporative loss in the Shiyang River Basin. The characteristics of stable isotopes in surface water show a gradual enrichment from mountainous areas to deserts, and the evaporation loss of surface water also shows a gradually increasing trend from upstream to downstream. The study of evaporative losses in the river-lake continuum contributes to the sustainable use of water resources.
Yuwei Liu, Guofeng Zhu, Zhuanxia Zhang, Zhigang Sun, Leilei Yong, Liyuan Sang, Lei Wang, and Kailiang Zhao
Biogeosciences, 19, 877–889, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-877-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-877-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We took the water cycle process of soil–plant–atmospheric precipitation as the research objective. In the water cycle of soil–plant–atmospheric precipitation, precipitation plays the main controlling role. The main source of replenishment for alpine meadow plants is precipitation and alpine meltwater; the main source of replenishment for forest plants is soil water; and the plants in the arid foothills mainly use groundwater.
Guofeng Zhu, Yuwei Liu, Peiji Shi, Wenxiong Jia, Junju Zhou, Yuanfeng Liu, Xinggang Ma, Hanxiong Pan, Yu Zhang, Zhiyuan Zhang, Zhigang Sun, Leilei Yong, and Kailiang Zhao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2021-79, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2021-79, 2021
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
We have established a stable water isotope monitoring network in the Shiyang River Basin. The monitoring station with six observation systems: river source area, oasis area, reservoir canal system area, oasis farmland area, ecological restoration area and salinized area.The data set includes the stable water isotopes of different water bodies and the meteorological and hydrological data in the Shiyang River Basin. So far, the data have been obtained for five consecutive years.
Related subject area
Domain: ESSD – Land | Subject: Hydrology
An integrated high-resolution bathymetric model for the Danube Delta system
LakeBeD-US: a benchmark dataset for lake water quality time series and vertical profiles
Benchmark dataset for hydraulic simulations of flash floods in the French Mediterranean region
Transformation rate maps of dissolved organic carbon in the contiguous US
A 1985–2023 time series dataset of absolute reservoir storage in Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA-Res)
Machine-learning-based reconstruction of long-term global terrestrial water storage anomalies from observed, satellite and land-surface model data
Mapping the world's inland surface waters: an upgrade to the Global Lakes and Wetlands Database (GLWD v2)
One year of high-frequency monitoring of groundwater physico-chemical parameters in the Weierbach experimental catchment, Luxembourg
Discrete global grid system-based flow routing datasets in the Amazon and Yukon basins
GRILSS: opening the gateway to global reservoir sedimentation data curation
A worldwide event-based debris flow barrier dam dataset from 1800 to 2023
CAMELS-DK: hydrometeorological time series and landscape attributes for 3330 Danish catchments with streamflow observations from 304 gauged stations
An in situ daily dataset for benchmarking temporal variability of groundwater recharge
CAMELS-FR dataset: a large-sample hydroclimatic dataset for France to explore hydrological diversity and support model benchmarking
Features of Italian large dams and their upstream catchments
Gridded rainfall erosivity (2014–2022) in mainland China using 1 min precipitation data from densely distributed weather stations
OLIGOTREND, towards a global database of multi-decadal chlorophyll-a and water quality timeseries for rivers, lakes and estuaries
High-resolution hydrometeorological and snow data for the Dischma catchment in Switzerland
A 3-hour, 1-km surface soil moisture dataset for the contiguous United States from 2015 to 2023
CAMELS-IND: hydrometeorological time series and catchment attributes for 228 catchments in Peninsular India
HERA: a high-resolution pan-European hydrological reanalysis (1951–2020)
BCUB – a large-sample ungauged basin attribute dataset for British Columbia, Canada
Comprehensive inventory of large hydropower systems in the Italian Alpine Region
Northern Hemisphere in situ snow water equivalent dataset (NorSWE, 1979–2021)
ESA CCI Soil Moisture GAPFILLED: An independent global gap-free satellite climate data record with uncertainty estimates
Lena River biogeochemistry captured by a 4.5-year high-frequency sampling program
CAMELS-DE: hydro-meteorological time series and attributes for 1582 catchments in Germany
Observational partitioning of water and CO2 fluxes at National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) sites: a 5-year dataset of soil and plant components for spatial and temporal analysis
A benchmark dataset for global evapotranspiration estimation based on FLUXNET2015 from 2000 to 2022
GRDC-Caravan: extending Caravan with data from the Global Runoff Data Centre
CIrrMap250: annual maps of China's irrigated cropland from 2000 to 2020 developed through multisource data integration
HANZE v2.1: an improved database of flood impacts in Europe from 1870 to 2020
A Copernicus-based evapotranspiration dataset at 100 m spatial resolution over four Mediterranean basins
Gridded dataset of nitrogen and phosphorus point sources from wastewater in Germany (1950–2019)
A globally sampled high-resolution hand-labeled validation dataset for evaluating surface water extent maps
Satellite-based near-real-time global daily terrestrial evapotranspiration estimates
Multivariate characterisation of a blackberry–alder agroforestry system in South Africa: hydrological, pedological, dendrological and meteorological measurements
CAMELS-AUS v2: updated hydrometeorological timeseries and landscape attributes for an enlarged set of catchments in Australia
SHIFT: a spatial-heterogeneity improvement in DEM-based mapping of global geomorphic floodplains
First comprehensive stable isotope dataset of diverse water units in a permafrost-dominated catchment on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
LamaH-Ice: LArge-SaMple DAta for Hydrology and Environmental Sciences for Iceland
High-resolution mapping of monthly industrial water withdrawal in China from 1965 to 2020
Evapotranspiration evaluation using three different protocols on a large green roof in the greater Paris area
Simbi: historical hydro-meteorological time series and signatures for 24 catchments in Haiti
CAMELE: Collocation-Analyzed Multi-source Ensembled Land Evapotranspiration Data
A hydrogeomorphic dataset for characterizing catchment hydrological behavior across the Tibetan Plateau
A synthesis of Global Streamflow Characteristics, Hydrometeorology, and Catchment Attributes (GSHA) for large sample river-centric studies
FOCA: a new quality-controlled database of floods and catchment descriptors in Italy
Dams in the Mekong: a comprehensive database, spatiotemporal distribution, and hydropower potentials
A global dataset of the shape of drainage systems
Lauranne Alaerts, Jonathan Lambrechts, Ny Riana Randresihaja, Luc Vandenbulcke, Olivier Gourgue, Emmanuel Hanert, and Marilaure Grégoire
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 3125–3140, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-3125-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-3125-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We created the first comprehensive, high-resolution, and easily accessible bathymetry dataset for the three main branches of the Danube Delta. By combining four data sources, we obtained a detailed representation of the riverbed, with resolutions ranging from 2 to 100 m. This dataset will support future studies on water and nutrient exchanges between the Danube and the Black Sea and provide insights into the delta's buffer role within the understudied Danube–Black Sea continuum.
Bennett J. McAfee, Aanish Pradhan, Abhilash Neog, Sepideh Fatemi, Robert T. Hensley, Mary E. Lofton, Anuj Karpatne, Cayelan C. Carey, and Paul C. Hanson
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 3141–3165, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-3141-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-3141-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
LakeBeD-US is a dataset of lake water quality data collected by multiple long-term monitoring programs around the United States. This dataset is designed to foster collaboration between lake scientists and computer scientists to improve predictions of water quality. By offering a way for computer models to be tested against real-world lake data, LakeBeD-US offers opportunities for both sciences to grow and to give new insights into the causes of water quality changes.
Juliette Godet, Pierre Nicolle, Nabil Hocini, Eric Gaume, Philippe Davy, Frederic Pons, Pierre Javelle, Pierre-André Garambois, Dimitri Lague, and Olivier Payrastre
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2963–2983, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2963-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2963-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes a dataset that includes input, output, and validation data for the simulation of flash flood hazards and three specific flash flood events in the French Mediterranean region. This dataset is particularly valuable as flood mapping methods often lack sufficient benchmark data. Additionally, we demonstrate how the hydraulic method we used, named Floodos, produces highly satisfactory results.
Lingbo Li, Hong-Yi Li, Guta Abeshu, Jinyun Tang, L. Ruby Leung, Chang Liao, Zeli Tan, Hanqin Tian, Peter Thornton, and Xiaojuan Yang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2713–2733, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2713-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2713-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We have developed new maps that reveal how organic carbon from soil leaches into headwater streams over the contiguous United States. We use advanced artificial intelligence techniques and a massive amount of data, including observations at over 2500 gauges and a wealth of climate and environmental information. The maps are a critical step in understanding and predicting how carbon moves through our environment, hence making them a useful tool for tackling climate challenges.
Shanti Shwarup Mahto, Simone Fatichi, and Stefano Galelli
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2693–2712, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2693-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2693-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The MSEA-Res database offers an open-access dataset tracking absolute water storage for 186 large reservoirs across Mainland Southeast Asia from 1985 to 2023. It provides valuable insights into how reservoir storage grew by 130 % between 2008 and 2017, driven by dams in key river basins. Our data also reveal how droughts, like the 2019–2020 event, significantly impacted water reservoirs. This resource can aid water management, drought planning, and research globally.
Nehar Mandal, Prabal Das, and Kironmala Chanda
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2575–2604, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2575-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2575-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Optimal features among hydroclimatic variables and land surface model (LSM) outputs are selected using a novel Bayesian network (BN) approach for simulating terrestrial water storage anomalies (TWSAs). TWSAs are reconstructed (BNML_TWSA) with grid-specific leader models (among four machine learning models) from January 1960 to December 2022 to generate a continuous global gridded dataset. The uncertainty in the reconstructed BNML_TWSA product is also assessed in terms of standard error.
Bernhard Lehner, Mira Anand, Etienne Fluet-Chouinard, Florence Tan, Filipe Aires, George H. Allen, Philippe Bousquet, Josep G. Canadell, Nick Davidson, Meng Ding, C. Max Finlayson, Thomas Gumbricht, Lammert Hilarides, Gustaf Hugelius, Robert B. Jackson, Maartje C. Korver, Liangyun Liu, Peter B. McIntyre, Szabolcs Nagy, David Olefeldt, Tamlin M. Pavelsky, Jean-Francois Pekel, Benjamin Poulter, Catherine Prigent, Jida Wang, Thomas A. Worthington, Dai Yamazaki, Xiao Zhang, and Michele Thieme
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2277–2329, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2277-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2277-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The Global Lakes and Wetlands Database (GLWD) version 2 distinguishes a total of 33 non-overlapping wetland classes, providing a static map of the world’s inland surface waters. It contains cell fractions of wetland extents per class at a grid cell resolution of ~500 m. The total combined extent of all classes including all inland and coastal waterbodies and wetlands of all inundation frequencies – that is, the maximum extent – covers 18.2 × 106 km2, equivalent to 13.4 % of total global land area.
Karl Nicolaus van Zweel, Laurent Gourdol, Jean François Iffly, Loïc Léonard, François Barnich, Laurent Pfister, Erwin Zehe, and Christophe Hissler
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2217–2229, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2217-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2217-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Our study monitored groundwater in a Luxembourg forest over a year to understand water and chemical changes. We found seasonal variations in water chemistry, influenced by rainfall and soil interactions. These data help predict environmental responses and manage water resources better. By measuring key parameters like pH and dissolved oxygen, our research provides valuable insights into groundwater behaviour and serves as a resource for future environmental studies.
Chang Liao, Darren Engwirda, Matthew G. Cooper, Mingke Li, and Yilin Fang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 2035–2062, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2035-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-2035-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Discrete global grid systems, or DGGS, are digital frameworks that help us organize information about our planet. Although scientists have used DGGS in areas like weather and nature, using them in the water cycle has been challenging because some core datasets are missing. We created a way to generate these datasets. We then developed the datasets in the Amazon and Yukon basins, which play important roles in our planet's climate. These datasets may help us improve our water cycle models.
Sanchit Minocha and Faisal Hossain
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1743–1759, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1743-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1743-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Trustworthy and independently verifiable information on declining storage capacity or sedimentation rates worldwide is sparse and suffers from inconsistent metadata and curation to allow global-scale archiving and analyses. The Global Reservoir Inventory of Lost Storage by Sedimentation (GRILSS) dataset addresses this challenge by providing organized, well-curated, and open-source data on sedimentation rates and capacity loss for 1013 reservoirs in 75 major river basins across 54 countries.
Haiguang Cheng, Kaiheng Hu, Shuang Liu, Xiaopeng Zhang, Hao Li, Qiyuan Zhang, Lan Ning, Manish Raj Gouli, Pu Li, Anna Yang, Peng Zhao, Junyu Liu, and Li Wei
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1573–1593, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1573-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1573-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
After reviewing 2519 literature and media reports, we compiled the first comprehensive global dataset of 555 debris flow barrier dams (DFBDs) from 1800 to 2023. Our dataset meticulously documents 38 attributes of DFBDs, and we have utilized Google Earth for validation. Additionally, we discussed the applicability of landslide dam stability and peak-discharge models to DFBDs. This dataset offers a rich foundation of data for future studies on DFBDs.
Jun Liu, Julian Koch, Simon Stisen, Lars Troldborg, Anker Lajer Højberg, Hans Thodsen, Mark F. T. Hansen, and Raphael J. M. Schneider
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1551–1572, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1551-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1551-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a CAMELS-style dataset in Denmark, which contains hydrometeorological time series and landscape attributes for 3330 catchments (304 gauged). Many catchments in CAMELS-DK are small and at low elevations. The dataset provides information on groundwater characteristics and dynamics, as well as quantities related to the human impact on the hydrological system in Denmark. The dataset is especially relevant for developing data-driven and hybrid physically informed modeling frameworks.
Pragnaditya Malakar, Aatish Anshuman, Mukesh Kumar, Georgios Boumis, T. Prabhakar Clement, Arik Tashie, Hitesh Thakur, Nagaraj Bhat, and Lokendra Rathore
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1515–1528, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1515-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1515-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Groundwater dynamics depend on groundwater recharge, but daily benchmark data of recharge are scarce. Here we present a daily groundwater recharge per unit specified yield (RpSy) data at 485 US groundwater monitoring wells. RpSy can be used to validate the temporal consistency of recharge products from land surface and hydrologic models and facilitate assessment of recharge-driver functional relationships in them.
Olivier Delaigue, Guilherme Mendoza Guimarães, Pierre Brigode, Benoît Génot, Charles Perrin, Jean-Michel Soubeyroux, Bruno Janet, Nans Addor, and Vazken Andréassian
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1461–1479, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1461-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1461-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This dataset covers 654 rivers all flowing in France. The provided time series and catchment attributes will be of interest to those modelers wishing to analyze hydrological behavior and perform model assessments.
Giulia Evangelista, Paola Mazzoglio, Daniele Ganora, Francesca Pianigiani, and Pierluigi Claps
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1407–1426, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1407-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1407-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents the first comprehensive dataset of 528 large dams in Italy. It contains structural characteristics of the dams, such as coordinates, reservoir surface areas and volumes, together with a range of geomorphological, climatological, extreme rainfall, land cover and soil-related attributes of their upstream catchments.
Yueli Chen, Yun Xie, Xingwu Duan, and Minghu Ding
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1265–1274, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1265-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1265-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Rainfall erosivity maps are crucial for identifying key areas of water erosion. Due to the limited historical precipitation data, there are certain biases in rainfall erosivity estimates in China. This study develops a new rainfall erosivity map for mainland China using 1 min precipitation data from 60 129 weather stations, revealing that areas exceeding 4000 MJ mm ha−1 h−1yr−1 of annual rainfall erosivity are mainly concentrated in southern China and on the southern Tibetan Plateau.
Camille Minaudo, Andras Abonyi, Carles Alcaraz, Jacob Diamond, Nicholas J. K. Howden, Michael Rode, Estela Romero, Vincent Thieu, Fred Worrall, Qian Zhang, and Xavier Benito
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-58, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-58, 2025
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Many waterbodies undergo nutrient decline globally, called oligotrophication, but a comprehensive dataset to understand ecosystem responses is lacking. The OLIGOTREND database comprises multi-decadal chlorophyll-a and nutrient timeseries from rivers, lakes, and estuaries with 4.3 million observations from 1,894 unique measurement locations. The database provides empirical evidence for oligotrophication responses with a spatial and temporal coverage exceeding previous efforts.
Jan Magnusson, Yves Bühler, Louis Quéno, Bertrand Cluzet, Giulia Mazzotti, Clare Webster, Rebecca Mott, and Tobias Jonas
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 703–717, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-703-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-703-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we present a dataset for the Dischma catchment in eastern Switzerland, which represents a typical high-alpine watershed in the European Alps. Accurate monitoring and reliable forecasting of snow and water resources in such basins are crucial for a wide range of applications. Our dataset is valuable for improving physics-based snow, land surface, and hydrological models, with potential applications in similar high-alpine catchments.
Haoxuan Yang, Jia Yang, Tyson E. Ochsner, Erik S. Krueger, Mengyuan Xu, and Chris B. Zou
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-55, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-55, 2025
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a 3-hour, 1-km surface soil moisture dataset for the contiguous United States from 2015 to 2023 using the spatio-temporal fusion method. This dataset effectively combines the distinct advantages of two long-term SSM datasets, which is also the first hour-level 1-km soil moisture dataset at the continental US scale. The new dataset could provide new insight into the fast changes in soil moisture along with drought and wet spell occurrences.
Nikunj K. Mangukiya, Kanneganti Bhargav Kumar, Pankaj Dey, Shailza Sharma, Vijaykumar Bejagam, Pradeep P. Mujumdar, and Ashutosh Sharma
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 461–491, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-461-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-461-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We introduce CAMELS-IND (Catchment Attributes and MEteorology for Large-sample Studies – India), which provides daily hydrometeorological time series and static catchment attributes representing the location, topography, climate, hydrological signatures, land use, land cover, soil, geology, and anthropogenic influences for 472 catchments in Peninsular India to foster large-sample hydrological studies in India and promote the inclusion of Indian catchments in global hydrological research.
Aloïs Tilloy, Dominik Paprotny, Stefania Grimaldi, Goncalo Gomes, Alessandra Bianchi, Stefan Lange, Hylke Beck, Cinzia Mazzetti, and Luc Feyen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 293–316, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-293-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-293-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This article presents a reanalysis of Europe's river streamflow for the period 1951–2020. Streamflow is estimated through a state-of-the-art hydrological simulation framework benefitting from detailed information about the landscape, climate, and human activities. The resulting Hydrological European ReAnalysis (HERA) can be a valuable tool for studying hydrological dynamics, including the impacts of climate change and human activities on European water resources and flood and drought risks.
Daniel Kovacek and Steven Weijs
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 259–275, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-259-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-259-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We made a dataset for British Columbia describing the terrain, soil, land cover, and climate of over 1 million watersheds. The attributes are often used in hydrology because they are related to the water cycle. The data are meant to be used for water resources problems that can benefit from lots of watersheds and their attributes. The data and instructions needed to build the dataset from scratch are freely available. The permanent home for the data is https://doi.org/10.5683/SP3/JNKZVT.
Andrea Galletti, Soroush Zarghami Dastjerdi, and Bruno Majone
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-521, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-521, 2025
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
We propose IAR-HP, a detailed inventory of large hydropower systems in Italy's Alpine Region, aimed at improving hydrological modeling for climate impact studies by providing the most relevant information with a consistent level of detail. It includes structural, geographical, and operational data for over 300 hydropower plants and their related reservoirs and water intakes. Validated through modeling, IAR-HP accurately reproduces observed hydropower, capturing 96.2 % of actual production.
Colleen Mortimer and Vincent Vionnet
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-602, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-602, 2025
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
In situ observations of snow water equivalent (SWE) are critical for climate applications and resource management. NorSWE is a dataset of in situ SWE observations covering North America, Finland and Russia over the period 1979–2021. It includes >11 million observations from >10 thousand different locations compiled from nine different sources. Snow depth and derived bulk snow density are included when available.
Wolfgang Preimesberger, Pietro Stradiotti, and Wouter Dorigo
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-610, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-610, 2025
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
We introduce the official ESA CCI Soil Moisture GAPFILLED climate data record. A univariate interpolation algorithm is applied to predict missing data points without relying on ancillary variables. The dataset includes gap-free uncertainty estimates for all predictions and was validated with independent in situ reference measurements. The data are recommended for applications, which require global long-term gap-free satellite soil moisture data.
Bennet Juhls, Anne Morgenstern, Jens Hölemann, Antje Eulenburg, Birgit Heim, Frederieke Miesner, Hendrik Grotheer, Gesine Mollenhauer, Hanno Meyer, Ephraim Erkens, Felica Yara Gehde, Sofia Antonova, Sergey Chalov, Maria Tereshina, Oxana Erina, Evgeniya Fingert, Ekaterina Abramova, Tina Sanders, Liudmila Lebedeva, Nikolai Torgovkin, Georgii Maksimov, Vasily Povazhnyi, Rafael Gonçalves-Araujo, Urban Wünsch, Antonina Chetverova, Sophie Opfergelt, and Pier Paul Overduin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1–28, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The Siberian Arctic is warming fast: permafrost is thawing, river chemistry is changing, and coastal ecosystems are affected. We aimed to understand changes in the Lena River, a major Arctic river flowing to the Arctic Ocean, by collecting 4.5 years of detailed water data, including temperature and carbon and nutrient contents. This dataset records current conditions and helps us to detect future changes. Explore it at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.913197 and https://lena-monitoring.awi.de/.
Ralf Loritz, Alexander Dolich, Eduardo Acuña Espinoza, Pia Ebeling, Björn Guse, Jonas Götte, Sibylle K. Hassler, Corina Hauffe, Ingo Heidbüchel, Jens Kiesel, Mirko Mälicke, Hannes Müller-Thomy, Michael Stölzle, and Larisa Tarasova
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 5625–5642, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5625-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5625-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The CAMELS-DE dataset features data from 1582 streamflow gauges across Germany, with records spanning from 1951 to 2020. This comprehensive dataset, which includes time series of up to 70 years (median 46 years), enables advanced research on water flow and environmental trends and supports the development of hydrological models.
Einara Zahn and Elie Bou-Zeid
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 5603–5624, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5603-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5603-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Quantifying water and CO2 exchanges through transpiration, evaporation, net photosynthesis, and soil respiration is essential for understanding how ecosystems function. We implemented five methods to estimate these fluxes over a 5-year period across 47 sites. This is the first dataset representing such large spatial and temporal coverage of soil and plant exchanges, and it has many potential applications, such as examining the response of ecosystems to weather extremes and climate change.
Wangyipu Li, Zhaoyuan Yao, Yifan Qu, Hanbo Yang, Yang Song, Lisheng Song, Lifeng Wu, and Yaokui Cui
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-460, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-460, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Due to shortcomings such as extensive data gaps and limited observation durations in current ground-based latent heat flux (LE) datasets, we developed a novel gap-filling and prolongation framework for ground-based LE observations, establishing a benchmark dataset for global evapotranspiration (ET) estimation from 2000 to 2022 across 64 sites at various time scales. This comprehensive dataset can strongly support ET modelling, water-carbon cycle monitoring, and long-term climate change analysis.
Claudia Färber, Henning Plessow, Simon Mischel, Frederik Kratzert, Nans Addor, Guy Shalev, and Ulrich Looser
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-427, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-427, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Large-sample datasets are essential in hydrological science to support modelling studies and advance process understanding. Caravan is a community initiative to create a large-sample hydrology dataset of meteorological forcing data, catchment attributes, and discharge data for catchments around the world. This dataset is a subset of hydrological discharge data and station-based watersheds from the Global Runoff Data Centre (GRDC), which are covered by an open data policy.
Ling Zhang, Yanhua Xie, Xiufang Zhu, Qimin Ma, and Luca Brocca
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 5207–5226, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5207-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5207-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study presented new annual maps of irrigated cropland in China from 2000 to 2020 (CIrrMap250). These maps were developed by integrating remote sensing data, irrigation statistics and surveys, and an irrigation suitability map. CIrrMap250 achieved high accuracy and outperformed currently available products. The new irrigation maps revealed a clear expansion of China’s irrigation area, with the majority (61%) occurring in the water-unsustainable regions facing severe to extreme water stress.
Dominik Paprotny, Paweł Terefenko, and Jakub Śledziowski
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 5145–5170, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5145-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5145-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Knowledge about past natural disasters can help adaptation to their future occurrences. Here, we present a dataset of 2521 riverine, pluvial, coastal, and compound floods that have occurred in 42 European countries between 1870 and 2020. The dataset contains available information on the inundated area, fatalities, persons affected, or economic loss and was obtained by extensive data collection from more than 800 sources ranging from news reports through government databases to scientific papers.
Paulina Bartkowiak, Bartolomeo Ventura, Alexander Jacob, and Mariapina Castelli
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4709–4734, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4709-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4709-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents the Two-Source Energy Balance evapotranspiration (ET) product driven by Copernicus Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-3 imagery together with ERA5 climate reanalysis data. Daily ET maps are available at 100 m spatial resolution for the period 2017–2021 across four Mediterranean basins: Ebro (Spain), Hérault (France), Medjerda (Tunisia), and Po (Italy). The product is highly beneficial for supporting vegetation monitoring and sustainable water management at the river basin scale.
Fanny J. Sarrazin, Sabine Attinger, and Rohini Kumar
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4673–4708, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4673-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4673-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contamination of water bodies is a long-term issue due to the long history of N and P inputs to the environment and their persistence. Here, we introduce a long-term and high-resolution dataset of N and P inputs from wastewater (point sources) for Germany, combining data from different sources and conceptual understanding. We also account for uncertainties in modelling choices, thus facilitating robust long-term and large-scale water quality studies.
Rohit Mukherjee, Frederick Policelli, Ruixue Wang, Elise Arellano-Thompson, Beth Tellman, Prashanti Sharma, Zhijie Zhang, and Jonathan Giezendanner
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4311–4323, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4311-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4311-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Global water resource monitoring is crucial due to climate change and population growth. This study presents a hand-labeled dataset of 100 PlanetScope images for surface water detection, spanning diverse biomes. We use this dataset to evaluate two state-of-the-art mapping methods. Results highlight performance variations across biomes, emphasizing the need for diverse, independent validation datasets to enhance the accuracy and reliability of satellite-based surface water monitoring techniques.
Lei Huang, Yong Luo, Jing M. Chen, Qiuhong Tang, Tammo Steenhuis, Wei Cheng, and Wen Shi
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3993–4019, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3993-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3993-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Timely global terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET) data are crucial for water resource management and drought forecasting. This study introduces the VISEA algorithm, which integrates satellite data and shortwave radiation to provide daily 0.05° gridded near-real-time ET estimates. By employing a vegetation index–temperature method, this algorithm can estimate ET without requiring additional data. Evaluation results demonstrate VISEA's comparable accuracy with accelerated data availability.
Sibylle Kathrin Hassler, Rafael Bohn Reckziegel, Ben du Toit, Svenja Hoffmeister, Florian Kestel, Anton Kunneke, Rebekka Maier, and Jonathan Paul Sheppard
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3935–3948, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3935-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3935-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Agroforestry systems (AFSs) combine trees and crops within the same land unit, providing a sustainable land use option which protects natural resources and biodiversity. Introducing trees into agricultural systems can positively affect water resources, soil characteristics, biomass and microclimate. We studied an AFS in South Africa in a multidisciplinary approach to assess the different influences and present the resulting dataset consisting of water, soil, tree and meteorological variables.
Keirnan J. A. Fowler, Ziqi Zhang, and Xue Hou
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-263, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-263, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents Version 2 of the Australian edition of the Catchment Attributes and Meteorology for Large-sample Studies (CAMELS) series of datasets. CAMELS-AUS v2 comprises data for an increased number (561) of catchments, each with with long-term monitoring, combining hydrometeorological time series with attributes related to geology, soil, topography, land cover, anthropogenic influence and hydroclimatology. It is freely downloadable from https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.12575680.
Kaihao Zheng, Peirong Lin, and Ziyun Yin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3873–3891, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3873-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3873-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We develop a globally applicable thresholding scheme for DEM-based floodplain delineation to improve the representation of spatial heterogeneity. It involves a stepwise approach to estimate the basin-level floodplain hydraulic geometry parameters that best respect the scaling law while approximating the global hydrodynamic flood maps. A ~90 m resolution global floodplain map, the Spatial Heterogeneity Improved Floodplain by Terrain analysis (SHIFT), is delineated with demonstrated superiority.
Yuzhong Yang, Qingbai Wu, Xiaoyan Guo, Lu Zhou, Helin Yao, Dandan Zhang, Zhongqiong Zhang, Ji Chen, and Guojun Liu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3755–3770, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3755-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3755-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present the temporal data of stable isotopes in different waterbodies in the Beiluhe Basin in the hinterland of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) produced between 2017 and 2022. In this article, the first detailed stable isotope data of 359 ground ice samples are presented. This first data set provides a new basis for understanding the hydrological effects of permafrost degradation on the QTP.
Hordur Bragi Helgason and Bart Nijssen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2741–2771, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2741-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2741-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
LamaH-Ice is a large-sample hydrology (LSH) dataset for Iceland. The dataset includes daily and hourly hydro-meteorological time series, including observed streamflow and basin characteristics, for 107 basins. LamaH-Ice offers most variables that are included in existing LSH datasets and additional information relevant to cold-region hydrology such as annual time series of glacier extent and mass balance. A large majority of the basins in LamaH-Ice are unaffected by human activities.
Chengcheng Hou, Yan Li, Shan Sang, Xu Zhao, Yanxu Liu, Yinglu Liu, and Fang Zhao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2449–2464, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2449-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2449-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
To fill the gap in the gridded industrial water withdrawal (IWW) data in China, we developed the China Industrial Water Withdrawal (CIWW) dataset, which provides monthly IWWs from 1965 to 2020 at a spatial resolution of 0.1°/0.25° and auxiliary data including subsectoral IWW and industrial output value in 2008. This dataset can help understand the human water use dynamics and support studies in hydrology, geography, sustainability sciences, and water resource management and allocation in China.
Pierre-Antoine Versini, Leydy Alejandra Castellanos-Diaz, David Ramier, and Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2351–2366, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2351-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2351-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Nature-based solutions (NBSs), such as green roofs, have appeared as relevant solutions to mitigate urban heat islands. The evapotranspiration (ET) process allows NBSs to cool the air. To improve our knowledge about ET assessment, this paper presents some experimental measurement campaigns carried out during three consecutive summers. Data are available for three different (large, small, and point-based) spatial scales.
Ralph Bathelemy, Pierre Brigode, Vazken Andréassian, Charles Perrin, Vincent Moron, Cédric Gaucherel, Emmanuel Tric, and Dominique Boisson
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 2073–2098, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2073-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-2073-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The aim of this work is to provide the first hydroclimatic database for Haiti, a Caribbean country particularly vulnerable to meteorological and hydrological hazards. The resulting database, named Simbi, provides hydroclimatic time series for around 150 stations and 24 catchment areas.
Changming Li, Ziwei Liu, Wencong Yang, Zhuoyi Tu, Juntai Han, Sien Li, and Hanbo Yang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1811–1846, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1811-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1811-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Using a collocation-based approach, we developed a reliable global land evapotranspiration product (CAMELE) by merging multi-source datasets. The CAMELE product outperformed individual input datasets and showed satisfactory performance compared to reference data. It also demonstrated superiority for different plant functional types. Our study provides a promising solution for data fusion. The CAMELE dataset allows for detailed research and a better understanding of land–atmosphere interactions.
Yuhan Guo, Hongxing Zheng, Yuting Yang, Yanfang Sang, and Congcong Wen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1651–1665, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1651-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1651-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We have provided an inaugural version of the hydrogeomorphic dataset for catchments over the Tibetan Plateau. We first provide the width-function-based instantaneous unit hydrograph (WFIUH) for each HydroBASINS catchment, which can be used to investigate the spatial heterogeneity of hydrological behavior across the Tibetan Plateau. It is expected to facilitate hydrological modeling across the Tibetan Plateau.
Ziyun Yin, Peirong Lin, Ryan Riggs, George H. Allen, Xiangyong Lei, Ziyan Zheng, and Siyu Cai
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1559–1587, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1559-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1559-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Large-sample hydrology (LSH) datasets have been the backbone of hydrological model parameter estimation and data-driven machine learning models for hydrological processes. This study complements existing LSH studies by creating a dataset with improved sample coverage, uncertainty estimates, and dynamic descriptions of human activities, which are all crucial to hydrological understanding and modeling.
Pierluigi Claps, Giulia Evangelista, Daniele Ganora, Paola Mazzoglio, and Irene Monforte
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1503–1522, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1503-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1503-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
FOCA (Italian FlOod and Catchment Atlas) is the first systematic collection of data on Italian river catchments. It comprises geomorphological, soil, land cover, NDVI, climatological and extreme rainfall catchment attributes. FOCA also contains 631 peak and daily discharge time series covering the 1911–2016 period. Using this first nationwide data collection, a wide range of applications, in particular flood studies, can be undertaken within the Italian territory.
Wei Jing Ang, Edward Park, Yadu Pokhrel, Dung Duc Tran, and Ho Huu Loc
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1209–1228, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1209-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1209-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Dams have burgeoned in the Mekong, but information on dams is scattered and inconsistent. Up-to-date evaluation of dams is unavailable, and basin-wide hydropower potential has yet to be systematically assessed. We present a comprehensive database of 1055 dams, a spatiotemporal analysis of the dams, and a total hydropower potential of 1 334 683 MW. Considering projected dam development and hydropower potential, the vulnerability and the need for better dam management may be highest in Laos.
Chuanqi He, Ci-Jian Yang, Jens M. Turowski, Richard F. Ott, Jean Braun, Hui Tang, Shadi Ghantous, Xiaoping Yuan, and Gaia Stucky de Quay
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1151–1166, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1151-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1151-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The shape of drainage basins and rivers holds significant implications for landscape evolution processes and dynamics. We used a global 90 m resolution topography to obtain ~0.7 million drainage basins with sizes over 50 km2. Our dataset contains the spatial distribution of drainage systems and their morphological parameters, supporting fields such as geomorphology, climatology, biology, ecology, hydrology, and natural hazards.
Cited articles
Alam, S., Gebremichael, M., Li, R., Dozier, J., and Lettenmaier, D. P.: Climate change impacts on groundwater storage in the central valley, California, Climatic Change, 157, 387–406, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02585-5, 2019.
Amorocho, J.: Reply to “Discussion on Paper by J. Amorocho, `The Nonlinear Prediction Problem in the Study of the Runoff Cycle' ”, Water Resour. Res., 4, 861–880, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR004i003p00686, 1968.
Anderson, L.: Holocene record of precipitation seasonality from lake calcite δ18O in the central Rocky Mountains, United States, Geology, 39, 211–214, https://doi.org/10.1130/G31575.1, 2011.
Arheimer, B., Donnelly, C., and Lindstrom, G.: Regulation of snow-fed rivers affects flow regimes more than climate change, Nat. Commun., 8, 62, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00092-8, 2017.
Bowen, G. J., Kennedy, C. D., Henne, P. D., and Zhang, T. L.: Footprint of recycled water subsidies downwind of Lake Michigan, Ecosphere, 3, 1–16, https://doi.org/10.1890/ES12-00062.1, 2012.
Brand, W. A., Geilmann, H., Crosson, E. R., and Rella, C. W.: Cavity ring-down spectroscopy versus high-temperature conversion isotope ratio mass spectrometry; a case study on δ2H and δ18O of pure water samples and alcohol/water mixtures, Rapid Commun. Mass Sp., 23, 1879–1884, https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.4083, 2009.
Burns, S. J., Matter, A., Frank, N., and Mangini, A.: Speleothem-based paleoclimate record from northern Oman, Geology, 26, 499–502, https://doi.org/10.1130/00917613(1998)026$<$0499:SBPRFN$>$, 1998.
Chen, Y. N., Li, Z., Fang, G. H., and Deng, H. J.: Research on the impact of climate change on water resources in Tianshan Mountains in Central Asia, Acta Geographica Sinica, 72, 9, 2017.
Craig, H.: Isotopic variation in meteoric waters, Science, 133, 1702–1703, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.133.3465.1702, 1961.
Dansgaard, W.: Stable isotopes in precipitation, Tellus, 16, 436–468, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2153-3490.1964.tb00181.x, 1964.
Emori, S., Abe, K., Numaguti, A., and Mitsumoto, S.: Sensitivity of a Simulated Water Cycle to a Runoff Process with Atmospheric Feedback, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 74, 815–832, https://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj1965.74.6_815, 1996.
Florea, L. J. and Mcgee, R. K.: Stable isotopic and geochemical variability within shallow groundwater beneath a hardwood hammock and surface water in an adjoining slough (Everglades National Park, Florida, USA), Isotopes Environ. Health Stud., 46, 190–209, https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2010.494770, 2010.
Gat, J. R.: Oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in the hydrologic cycle, Annu. Rev. Earth Pl. Sc., 24, 255–262, https://doi.org/10.1146/ANNUREV.EARTH.24.1.225, 1996.
Gibson, J. J., Birks, S., and Yi, Y.: Stable isotope mass balance of lakes: a contemporary perspective, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 131, 316–328, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.04.013, 2016.
Grill, G., Lehner, B, Lumsdon, A. E., Macdonald, G. K., Zarfl, C., and Reidy, L. C.: An index-based framework for assessing patterns and trends in river fragmentation and flow regulation by global dams at multiple scales, Environ. Res. Lett., 10, 015001, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/1/015001, 2015.
Gu, W. Z.: Using environmental isotopes and hydrological experiments to study runoff generation methods in catchment areas, J. Hydraul. Eng., 5, 9–17, 1995.
Gudkov, A. V., Tokarev, I. V., and Tolstikhin, I. N.: The formation and balance of the atmospheric precipitations, surface water, and groundwater on the southern slopes of the khibiny massif (based on data on the isotopic composition of oxygen and hydrogen), Water Resour., 48, 124–132, https://doi.org/10.1134/S0097807821010164, 2021.
Haig, H. A., Hayes, N. M., Simpson, G. L., Yi, Y., Wissel, B., Hodderf, K. R., and Leavitt, P. R.: Effects of seasonal and interannual variability in water isotopes (δ2H, δ18O) on estimates of water balance in a chain of seven prairie lakes, J. Hydrol. X, 10, 100069, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydroa.2020.100069, 2020.
Helland, A.: The Importance of Selective Transport and Sedimentation in Trend Monitoring of Metals in Sediments. An Example from the Glomma Estuary, East Norway, Water Air Soil Poll., 126, 339–361, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005243728540, 2001.
Hernández-Carrasco, I., López, C., Hernández-García, E., and Turiel, A.: Seasonal and regional characterization of horizontal stirring in the global ocean, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 117, C10007, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JC008222, 2012.
Kottek, M., Grieser, J., Beck, C., Rudolf, B., and Rubel, F.: World map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sc., 11, 259–263, https://doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0130, 2006.
Kralik, M., Papesch, W., and Stichler, W.: Austrian Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (ANIP): Quality assurance and climatological phenomenon in one of the oldest and densest networks in the world, Isotope Hydrology and Integrated, Water Resour. Manag., 23, 146–149, 2004.
Lavelle, P., Rodríguez, N., Arguello, O., Bernal, J., Botero, C., Chaparro, P., Gómez, Y., Gutiérrez, A., del Pilar Hurtado, M., Loaizaa, S., Pullidoc, S. X., Rodríguez, E., Sanabriaa, C., Velásquez, E., and Fonte, S. J.: Soil ecosystem services and land use in the rapidly changing Orinoco River Basin of Colombia, Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 185, 106–117, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.12.020, 2014.
Li, L. and Garzione, C. N.: Spatial distribution and controlling factors of stable isotopes in meteoric waters on the Tibetan Plateau: implications for paleoelevation reconstruction, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 460, 302–314, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.11.046, 2017.
Li, Z., Li, X. Y., and Sun, J.: Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources in the Shiyang River Basin and the Adaptive Measures for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction, Appl. Mech. Mater., 405–408, 2167–2171, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.405-408.2167, 2013.
Liang, B. B., Shi, P. J., Wang, W., Tang, X., Zhou, W. X., and Jing, Y.: Integrated assessment of ecosystem quality of arid inland river basin based on RS and GIS: A case study on Shiyang River Basin, Northwest China, J. Appl. Ecol., 28, 199–209, https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.201701.019, 2017.
Liu, H. M., Shi, P. J., Zhou, J. J., Liu, H., and Sun, H.: Characteristics and influencing factors of runoff consumption in the midstream of Shiyang river, Prog. Geogr., 32, 87–94, https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1033.2013.00087, 2013.
Ma, H. Y., Zhu, G. F., Zhang, Y., Pan, H. X., Guo, H. W., Jia, W. X., Zhou, J. J., Yong, L. L., and Wan, Q. Z.: The effects of runoff on Hydrochemistry in the Qilian Mountains: a case study of Xiying River Basin, Environ. Earth Sci., 78, 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-019-8384-z, 2019.
Meissner, M., Köhler, M., Schwendenmann, L., Hölscher, D., and Dyckmans, J.: Soil water uptake by trees using water stable isotopes (δ2H and δ18O) a method test regarding soil moisture, texture and carbonate, Plant Soil, 376, 327–335, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1970-z, 2014.
Melin, R.: Hydrological regions in Scandinavia and Finland, Hydrol. Res., 1, 5–37, https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.1970.0001, 1970.
Min, Z., Hu, Y., Cheng, Z., Liu, Z., Rui, Y., and Bo, C.: Effects of land cover on variations in stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in karst groundwater: a comparative study of three karst catchments in guizhou province, southwest China, J. Hydrol., 565, 374–385, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.08.037, 2018.
Mitrovica, J. X. and Forte, A. M.: A new inference of mantle viscosity based upon joint inversion of convection and glacial isostatic adjustment data, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 225, 177–189, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2004.06.005, 2004.
Orlowski, N., Breuer, L., and McDonnell, J. J.: Critical issues with cryogenic extraction of soil water for stable isotope analysis, Ecohydrology, 9, 1–5, 2016.
Petterson, S. R., Stenström, T. A., and Ottoson, J.: A theoretical approach to using faecal indicator data to model norovirus concentration in surface water for QMRA: Glomma River, Norway, Water Res., 91, 31–37, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2015.12.037, 2016.
Ploeg, A.: Jan Pouwer's field research in the Star Mountains, west New Guinea, Oceania, 83, 49–56, https://doi.org/10.1002/ocea.5005, 2013.
Poca, M., Coomans, O., Urcelay, C., Zeballos, S. R., and Boeckx, P.: Isotope fractionation during root water uptake by acacia caven is enhanced by arbuscular mycorrhizas, Plant Soil, 441, 485–497, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04139-1, 2019.
Porporato, L.: Plants in water-controlled ecosystems: active role in hydrologic processes and response to water stress, Adv. Water Resour., 24, 725–744, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1708(01)00005-7, 2001.
Qin, D. H. and Thomas, S.: Highlights of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report by Working Group I, Progress in Climate Change Research, 10, 1–6, 2014.
Risi, C., Bony, S., Vimeux, F., Chong, M., and Descroix, L.: Evolution of the stable water isotopic composition of the rain sampled along Sahelian squall lines, Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 136, 227–242, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.485, 2010.
Salmaso, N. and Decet, F.: Seasonal and interannual changes of chemical characteristics and phytoplankton in a mountain lake of the eastern Italian Alps (Lake Calaita, Trentino), Internationale Revue der Gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie, 82, 15–31, https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.19970820104, 1997.
Shah, D., Shah, H. L., Dave, H. M., and Mishra, V.: Contrasting influence of human activities on agricultural and hydrological droughts in India, Sci. Total Environ., 774, 144959, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.144959, 2021.
Song, C., Wang, G., Liu, G., Mao, T., Sun, X., and Chen, X.: Stable isotope variations of precipitation and streamflow reveal the young water fraction of a permafrost watershed, Hydrol. Process., 31, 935–947, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11077, 2017.
Sun, X., Chen, J., Shi, G., Tan, H., and Su, Z.: Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic variations of different water bodies in evaporation and rainfall infiltration processes, J. Agr. Eng., 28, 100–105, https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.04.016, 2012.
Sun, Z. G., Zhu, G. F., Zhang, Z. X., Xu, Y. X., Yong, L. L., Wan, Q. Z., Ma, H. Y., Sang, L. L., and Liu, Y. Y.: Identifying surface water evaporation loss of inland river basin based on evaporation enrichment model, Hydrol. Process., 35, e14093, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14093, 2021.
Thompson, L. G., Yao, T., Mosleythompson, E., Davis, M. E., Henderson, K. A., and Lin, P.: A high-resolution millennial record of the South Asian Monsoon from Himalayan Ice Cores, Science, 289, 1916–1920, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.289.5486.1916, 2000.
Vallet-Coulomb, C., Gasse, F., and Sonzogni, C.: Seasonal evolution of the isotopic composition of atmospheric water vapour above a tropical lake: deuterium excess and implication for water recyling, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 72, 4661–4674, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2008.06.025, 2008.
Vandenschrick, G., Wesemael, B. V., Frot, E., Pulido-Bosch, A., Molina L. B., Stiévenard, M., and Souchez, R.: Using stable isotope analysis (δD–δ18O) to characterise the regional hydrology of the Sierra de Gador, south east Spain, J. Hydrol., 265, 43–55, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(02)00097-5, 2002.
Walker, G. R., Woods, P. H., and Allison, G. B.: Interlaboratory comparison of methods to determine the stable isotope composition of soil water, Chem. Geol., 111, 297–306, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(94)90096-5, 1994.
Wang, B. and Gao, X.: Temporal and spatial variations of water resources constraint intensity on urbanization in the Shiyang River Basin, China, Environ. Dev. Sustain., 23, 1–18, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-01045-w, 2021.
Wang, G., Xia, J., and Chen, J.: Quantification of effects of climate variations and human activities on runoff by a monthly water balance model: A case study of the Chaobai River basin in northern China, Water Resour. Res., 45, W00A11, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006768, 2009.
Wang, T., Wang, H. S., Sun, G. W., Huang, D., and Shen, J. H.: Length-weight and length-length relationships for some Yangtze River fishes in Tian-e-zhou Oxbow, China, J. Appl. Ichthyol., 28, 660–662, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2012.01971.x, 2012.
Wei, W., Shi, P. J., Zhou, J. J., Feng, H. C., Wang, X. F., and Wang, X. P.: Environmental suitability evaluation for human settlements in an arid inland river basin: A case study of the Shiyang River Basin, J. Geogr. Sci., 23, 331–343, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.518-523.4874, 2013.
West, A. G., Goldsmith, G. R., Brooks, P. D., and Dawson, T. E.: Discrepancies between isotope ratio infrared spectroscopy and isotope ratio mass spectrometry for the stable isotope analysis of plant and soil waters, Rapid Commun. Mass Sp., 24, 2687–2688, https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.4685, 2010.
Worden, J., Noone, D., and Bowman, K.: Importance of rain evaporation and continental convection in the tropical water cycle, Nature, 445, 528–532, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05508, 2007.
Zannoni, D., Steen-Larsen, H. C., Rampazzo, G., Dreossi, G., Stenni, B., and Bergamasco, A.: The atmospheric water cycle of a coastal lagoon: an isotope study of the interactions between water vapor, precipitation and surface waters, J. Hydrol., 572, 630–644, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.03.033, 2019.
Zhang, F., Jin, G., and Liu, G.: Evaluation of virtual water trade in the yellow river delta, China, Sci. Total Environ., 784, 147285, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147285, 2021.
Zhou, J. J., Zhao, Y. R., Huang, P., and Liu, C. F.: Impacts of ecological restoration projects on the ecosystem carbon storage of inland river basin in arid area, China, Ecol. Indic., 118, 106803, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106803, 2020.
Zhu, G.: Data sets of Stable water isotope monitoring network of different water bodies in Shiyang River Basin, a typical arid river in China, V2, Mendeley Data [data set], https://doi.org/10.17632/vhm44t74sy.1, 2022.
Zhu, G. F., Guo, H. W., Qin, D. H., Pan, H. X., and Ma, X. G.: Contribution of recycled moisture to precipitation in the monsoon marginal zone: estimate based on stable isotope data, J. Hydrol., 569, 423–435, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.12.014, 2018.
Zhu, G. F., Wan, Q. Z., Yong, L. L., Li, Q. Q., Zhang, Z. Y., Guo, H. W., Zhang, Y., Sun, Z. G., Zhang, Z. X., and Ma, H. Y.: Dissolved organic carbon transport in the Qilian mountainous areas of China, Hydrol. Process., 34, 4985–4995, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13918, 2020.
Zhu, G. F., Sang, L. Y., Zhang, Z. X., Sun, Z. G., Ma, H. Y., Liu, Y. W., Zhao, K. L., Wang, L., and Guo, H. W.: Impact of landscape dams on river water cycle in urban and peri-urban areas in the Shiyang River Basin: Evidence obtained from hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, J. Hydrol., 602, 126779, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHYDROL.2021.126779, 2021a.
Zhu, G. F., Yong, L. L., Zhang, Z. X., Sun, Z. G., Sang, L. L., Liu, Y., Wang, L., and Guo, H. W.: Infiltration process of irrigation water in oasis farmland and its enlightenment to optimization of irrigation mode: based on stable isotope data, Agr. Water Manage., 258, 107173, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2021.107173, 2021b.
Zhu, G. F., Yong, L. L., Zhang, Z. X., Sun, Z. G., Wan, Q. Z., Xu, Y. X., Ma, H. Y., Sang, L. Y., Liu, Y. W., Wang, L., Zhao, K. K., and Guo, H. W.: Effects of plastic mulch on soil water migration in arid oasis farmland: Evidence of stable isotopes, Catena, 207, 105580, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CATENA.2021.105580, 2021c.
Zhu, G. F., Zhang, Z. X., Guo, H. W., Zhang, Y., Yong, L. L., Wan, Q. Z., Sun, Z. G., and Ma, H. Y.: Below-Cloud Evaporation of Precipitation Isotopes over Mountains, Oases, and Deserts in Arid Areas, J. Hydrometeorol., 22, 2533–2545, https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-20-0170.1, 2021d.
Short summary
From 2015 to 2020, we studied the Shiyang River basin, which has the highest utilization rate of water resources and the most prominent contradiction of water use, as a typical demonstration basin to establish and improve the isotope hydrology observation system, including river source region, oasis region, reservoir channel system region, oasis farmland region, ecological engineering construction region, and salinization process region.
From 2015 to 2020, we studied the Shiyang River basin, which has the highest utilization rate of...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint