Articles | Volume 13, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4567-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4567-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description article
| 
23 Sep 2021
Data description article |
| 23 Sep 2021
| 23 Sep 2021
The cooperative IGS RT-GIMs: a reliable estimation of the global ionospheric electron content distribution in real time
Department of Mathematics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC-IonSAT), Barcelona,
Spain
Manuel Hernández-Pajares
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Mathematics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC-IonSAT), Barcelona,
Spain
Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC),
Barcelona, Spain
Heng Yang
School of Electronic Information and
Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, 408100 Chongqing, China
Department of Mathematics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC-IonSAT), Barcelona,
Spain
Enric Monte-Moreno
Department of Signal Theory and Communications, TALP, Universitat
Politècnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
David Roma-Dollase
Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC),
Barcelona, Spain
Alberto García-Rigo
Department of Mathematics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC-IonSAT), Barcelona,
Spain
Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC),
Barcelona, Spain
Zishen Li
Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
Ningbo Wang
Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
Denis Laurichesse
Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse, France
Alexis Blot
Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse, France
Qile Zhao
GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
Collaborative Innovation Center of Earth and Space Science, Wuhan University, No. 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
Qiang Zhang
GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
André Hauschild
German Aerospace Center (DLR), German Space Operations Center (GSOC), 82234 Weßling, Germany
Loukis Agrotis
European Space Operations Center, European Space Agency, Darmstadt, Germany
Martin Schmitz
Geo++ GmbH, Steinriede 8, 30827 Garbsen, Germany
Gerhard Wübbena
Geo++ GmbH, Steinriede 8, 30827 Garbsen, Germany
Andrea Stürze
BKG, Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy, Frankfurt, Germany
Andrzej Krankowski
Space Radio-Diagnostics Research Centre, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
Stefan Schaer
Astronomical Institute, the University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, Bern 3012, Switzerland
Federal Office of Topography (swisstopo), Wabern, Switzerland
Joachim Feltens
Navigation Support Office, Telespazio Germany GmbH c/o European Space Agency/European Space Operations Centre, Robert-Bosch-Straße 5, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
Attila Komjathy
Near Earth Tracking Systems Group (335S), NASA – Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, M/S
138-317, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
Reza Ghoddousi-Fard
Canadian Geodetic Survey, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Canada
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Latest update: 11 Mar 2026
Short summary
The upper part of the atmosphere, the ionosphere, is partially ionized, and it is being crossed by many multi-frequency signals of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellites. This unique source of data can be acquired in real time from hundreds of permanent GNSS receivers. The real-time processing providing the distribution of the ionospheric free electrons (Global Ionospheric Maps) can be done as well in real time. We present their updated real-time assessment and combination.
The upper part of the atmosphere, the ionosphere, is partially ionized, and it is being crossed...
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