Articles | Volume 18, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-7981-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-7981-2026
Data description article
 | Highlight paper
 | 
03 Nov 2026
Data description article | Highlight paper |  | 03 Nov 2026

The Standardized Soil Moisture-Temperature Compound Index (SSTCI): daily scale global data set and event catalogue for compound dry-hot extremes (1961–2023)

Rukhshinda Aftab, Daniel Fiifi Tawia Hagan, Guojie Wang, Baoying Shan, Syed Husnain Shah, Zhou Chensi, Wei Xikun, Fareeha Siddique, Ali Hasan Jaffry, and Emmanuel Yeboah

Related authors

Benchmarking conditioners in Liang–Kleeman Information Flow: application to land–atmosphere interactions in humid forests
Fareeha Siddique, Daniel Fiifi Tawia Hagan, Guojie Wang, David Docquier, and Stéphane Vannitsem
Earth Syst. Dynam., 17, 1551–1572, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-17-1551-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-17-1551-2026, 2026
Short summary
Beyond Observed Extremes: Can Hybrid Deep Learning Models Improve Flood Prediction?
Xiaoxiang Guan, Baoying Shan, Viet Dung Nguyen, and Bruno Merz
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1509,https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1509, 2025
Preprint archived
Short summary
Identification of compound drought and heatwave events on a daily scale and across four seasons
Baoying Shan, Niko E. C. Verhoest, and Bernard De Baets
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 2065–2080, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-2065-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-2065-2024, 2024
Short summary
Significant regime shifts in historical water yield in the Upper Brahmaputra River basin
Hao Li, Baoying Shan, Liu Liu, Lei Wang, Akash Koppa, Feng Zhong, Dongfeng Li, Xuanxuan Wang, Wenfeng Liu, Xiuping Li, and Zongxue Xu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 6399–6412, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-6399-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-6399-2022, 2022
Short summary
Deep-Learning-Based Harmonization and Super-Resolution of Near-Surface Air Temperature from CMIP6 Models (1850–2100)
Xikun Wei, Guojie Wang, Donghan Feng, Zheng Duan, Daniel Fiifi Tawia Hagan, Liangliang Tao, Lijuan Miao, Buda Su, and Tong Jiang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2021-418,https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2021-418, 2021
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary

Cited articles

Aftab, R.: The Standardized Soil Moisture-Temperature Compound Index (SSTCI): Daily scale global data set and event catalogue for compound dry–hot extremes (1961–2023), TIB AV-PORTAL [video], https://doi.org/10.5446/74082, 2026. 
Aftab, R., Wang, G., Hagan, D. F. T., Shan, B., Shah, S. H., Siddique, F., Zhou, C., Wei, X., Jaffry, A. H., and Yeboah, E.: A daily soil moisture–temperature compound index for characterising dry-hot extremes, Int. J. Climatol., e70306, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.70306, 2026a. 
Aftab, R., Hagan, D. F. T., Wang, G., Shan, B., Shah, S. H., Zhou, C., Wei, X., Siddique, F., Jaffry, A. H., and Yeboah, E.: Global CDHE Event Catalogue (0.1°, 1961–2023), Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20826759, 2026b. 
Aftab, R., Hagan, D. F. T., Wang, G., Shan, B., Shah, S. H., Zhou, C., Wei, X., Siddique, F., Jaffry, A. H., and Yeboah, E.: Standardized Soil Moisture–Temperature Compound Index (SSTCI) (v01), Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18280747, 2026c. 
Aftab, R., Hagan, D. F. T., Wang, G., Shan, B., Shah, S. H., Zhou, C., Wei, X., Siddique, F., Jaffry, A. H., and Yeboah, E.: Rukhshinda-Aftab/Standarized-Soil-Moisture-Tempreture-Compound-Index-SSTCI-: SSTCI v1.0 (ESSD publication version) (v1.1.0), Zenodo [code], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23756682, 2026d. 
Download
Editorial statement
This manuscripts presents a global data catalog of compound dry-hot extremes. Having such a dataset available to the community and knowing exactly when and where extreme events occur is highly relevant. Having a readily available data base for such events could greatly reduce the preparatory effort for these studies and guide more targeted regional to local analyses that could improve process understanding and monitoring efforts.
Short summary
This study provides a daily global compound dry–hot index (SSTCI - Standardized Soil Moisture–Temperature Compound Index) for researchers and a ready-to-use CDHE (Compound dry-hot extreme) catalogue for wider users, recording when and where each extreme event occurred, its duration and severity (1961–2023, 0.1°). Built on soil moisture memory and surface air temperature, they show CDHEs have become more frequent and longer lasting in many regions in recent decades, supporting targeted studies of impacts on water, ecosystems and agriculture.
Share
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint