Articles | Volume 18, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-7181-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-7181-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description article
| 
30 Sep 2026
Data description article |
| 30 Sep 2026
| 30 Sep 2026
Marine Heat Waves and Cold Spells – Multiple Analysis/Definitions (MHW-MAD): A Multi-Definition Global Marine Heatwave Database from Satellite Sea Surface Temperature Data
Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Copenhagen, Denmark
Nishka Dasgupta
Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Copenhagen, Denmark
Ronan McAdam
CMCC Foundation – Euro-Mediterranean Centre on Climate Change, Bologna, Italy
Mark R. Payne
Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Copenhagen, Denmark
Roshin P. Raj
Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
Giulia Bonino
CMCC Foundation – Euro-Mediterranean Centre on Climate Change, Bologna, Italy
Sourav Chatterjee
National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR), Goa, India
Centre for Climate Change Research, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pune, India
Vincent Combes
Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain
Dimitra Denaxa
Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Athens, Greece
Francesco De Rovere
CMCC Foundation – Euro-Mediterranean Centre on Climate Change, Bologna, Italy
Pia Englyst
Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Copenhagen, Denmark
Veera Haapaniemi
Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Helsinki, Finland
Paul Hargous
Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain
Jacob Høyer
Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Copenhagen, Denmark
K. Ajith Joseph
Nansen Environmental Research Centre India (NERCI), Kochi, India
Beatriz Lopes
+ATLANTIC CoLAB, Matosinhos, Portugal
Ana Oliveira
+ATLANTIC CoLAB, Matosinhos, Portugal
João Paixão
+ATLANTIC CoLAB, Matosinhos, Portugal
Fabiola Silva
+ATLANTIC CoLAB, Matosinhos, Portugal
Saradhy Surendran
Nansen Environmental Research Centre India (NERCI), Kochi, India
Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Kochi, India
Artemis Zegna-Rata
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD), Paris, France
Steffen M. Olsen
Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Copenhagen, Denmark
Data sets
Marine Heat Waves and Cold Spells -- Multiple Analysis/Definitions (MHW-MAD) A. Hayward https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21835325
ESA Sea Surface Temperature Climate Change Initiative (SST_cci): Level 4 Analysis product, version 3.0 S. A. Good and O. Embury https://doi.org/10.5285/4a9654136a7148e39b7feb56f8bb02d2
Short summary
We present a global marine heatwave and cold spell dataset (1982–2024) based on satellite sea surface temperature. The dataset applies multiple definitions in parallel, varying baselines, thresholds, detrending, and event durations. It enables consistent comparisons of marine heatwave characterisation across methods and supports climate monitoring, and ecological impact studies.
We present a global marine heatwave and cold spell dataset (1982–2024) based on satellite sea...
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