Articles | Volume 17, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-7169-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-7169-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description paper
| 
15 Dec 2025
Data description paper |
| 15 Dec 2025
| 15 Dec 2025
Climatological fields of Southern Ocean interior carbonate system parameters and anthropogenic CO2 reconstructed and integrated from float- and ship-based observations
Wanqin Zhong
Polar and Marine Research Institute, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
Xin Ma
State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430079, China
Yingxu Wu
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Polar and Marine Research Institute, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
Chenglong Li
Polar and Marine Research Institute, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
Tianqi Shi
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement/IPSL, CEA, CNRS, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Wei Gong
Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430079, China
Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
Di Qi
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Polar and Marine Research Institute, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
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Chengyan Liu, Zhaomin Wang, Dake Chen, Xianxian Han, Hengling Leng, Xi Liang, Liangjun Yan, Xiang Li, Craig Stevens, Andrew Hogg, Kazuya Kusahara, Kaihe Yamazaki, Kay Ohshima, Meng Zhou, Xiao Cheng, Dongxiao Wang, Changming Dong, Jiping Liu, Qinghua Yang, Xichen Li, Ruibo Lei, Minghu Ding, Zhaoru Zhang, Dujuan Kang, Di Qi, Tongya Liu, Jihai Dong, Lu An, Ru Chen, Tong Zhang, Xiaoming Hu, Bo Han, Haibo Bi, Qi Shu, Longjiang Mu, Shiming Xu, Hu Yang, Hailong Liu, Tingfeng Dou, Zhixuan Feng, Lei Zheng, Xueyuan Tang, Guitao Shi, Yongqing Cai, Bingrui Li, Yang Wu, Xia Lin, Wenjin Sun, Yu Liu, Kai Yu, Yu Zhang, Weizeng Shao, Xiaoyu Wang, Shaojun Zheng, Chengyi Yuan, Chunxia Zhou, Jian Liu, Yang Liu, Yue Xia, Xiaoyu Pan, Jiabao Zeng, Kechen Liu, Jiahao Fan, Chen Cheng, and Qi Li
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6487, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6487, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Geoscientific Model Development (GMD).
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We developed a high-resolution computer model to simulate how the ocean, sea ice, and ice shelves interact around Antarctica. This helps us understand their critical role in global climate and sea-level rise. Our model successfully captures essential features like major currents and seasonal ice changes. Despite some remaining biases, it provides a useful tool for predicting future changes in this vital and rapidly evolving region.
Boming Liu, Xin Ma, Jianping Guo, Renqiang Wen, Hui Li, Shikuan Jin, Yingying Ma, Xiaoran Guo, and Wei Gong
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4047–4063, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4047-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4047-2024, 2024
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Accurate wind profile estimation, especially for the lowest few hundred meters of the atmosphere, is of great significance for the weather, climate, and renewable energy sector. We propose a novel method that combines the power-law method with the random forest algorithm to extend wind profiles beyond the surface layer. Compared with the traditional algorithm, this method has better stability and spatial applicability and can be used to obtain the wind profiles on different land cover types.
Chuqing Zhang, Yingxu Wu, Peter J. Brown, David Stappard, Amavi N. Silva, and Toby Tyrrell
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3143, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3143, 2024
Preprint archived
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In this study, we found that float-based pCO2 is overall high by systematically comparing ship-based pCO2 with float-based pCO2. This finding partly explains the apparent difference between the carbon fluxes calculated from the float data and other databases. It inspires further examination of the quality of the float pH data and the pCO2 calculation process.
Shikuan Jin, Yingying Ma, Zhongwei Huang, Jianping Huang, Wei Gong, Boming Liu, Weiyan Wang, Ruonan Fan, and Hui Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8187–8210, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8187-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8187-2023, 2023
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To better understand the Asian aerosol environment, we studied distributions and trends of aerosol with different sizes and types. Over the past 2 decades, dust, sulfate, and sea salt aerosol decreased by 5.51 %, 3.07 %, and 9.80 %, whereas organic carbon and black carbon aerosol increased by 17.09 % and 6.23 %, respectively. The increase in carbonaceous aerosols was a feature of Asia. An exception is found in East Asia, where the carbonaceous aerosols reduced, owing largely to China's efforts.
Boming Liu, Xin Ma, Jianping Guo, Hui Li, Shikuan Jin, Yingying Ma, and Wei Gong
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3181–3193, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3181-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3181-2023, 2023
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Wind energy is one of the most essential clean and renewable forms of energy in today’s world. However, the traditional power law method generally estimates the hub-height wind speed by assuming a constant exponent between surface and hub-height wind speeds. This inevitably leads to significant uncertainties in estimating the wind speed profile. To minimize the uncertainties, we here use a machine learning algorithm known as random forest to estimate the wind speed at hub height.
Tianqi Shi, Zeyu Han, Ge Han, Xin Ma, Huilin Chen, Truls Andersen, Huiqin Mao, Cuihong Chen, Haowei Zhang, and Wei Gong
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 13881–13896, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13881-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13881-2022, 2022
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CH4 works as the second-most important greenhouse gas, its reported emission inventories being far less than CO2. In this study, we developed a self-adjusted model to estimate the CH4 emission rate from strong point sources by the UAV-based AirCore system. This model would reduce the uncertainty in CH4 emission rate quantification accrued by errors in measurements of wind and concentration. Actual measurements on Pniówek coal demonstrate the high accuracy and stability of our developed model.
Shikuan Jin, Yingying Ma, Cheng Chen, Oleg Dubovik, Jin Hong, Boming Liu, and Wei Gong
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 4323–4337, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4323-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4323-2022, 2022
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Aerosol parameter retrievals have always been a research focus. In this study, we used an advanced aerosol algorithms (GRASP, developed by Oleg Dubovik) to test the ability of DPC/Gaofen-5 (the first polarized multi-angle payload developed in China) images to obtain aerosol parameters. The results show that DPC/GRASP achieves good results (R > 0.9). This research will contribute to the development of hardware and algorithms for aerosols
Haowei Zhang, Boming Liu, Xin Ma, Ge Han, Qinglin Yang, Yichi Zhang, Tianqi Shi, Jianye Yuan, Wanqi Zhong, Yanran Peng, Jingjing Xu, and Wei Gong
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-215, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-215, 2022
Preprint withdrawn
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Obtaining highly accurate and high-resolution spatiotemporal maps of carbon dioxide concentration distributions is crucial for promoting the study of the carbon cycle, and carbon emissions assessed by top-down theory. The official discrete satellite data provided by Gosat-2, OCO-2, and OCO-3 have data voids and relatively low efficiency. Here, we present carbon dioxide cover dataset, an innovative methodology to obtain XCO2 maps of high spatiotemporal resolution by using satellite data.
X. Xia, Z. Zhu, T. Zhang, G. Wei, and Y. Ji
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B3-2022, 545–550, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B3-2022-545-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B3-2022-545-2022, 2022
Boming Liu, Jianping Guo, Wei Gong, Yong Zhang, Lijuan Shi, Yingying Ma, Jian Li, Xiaoran Guo, Ad Stoffelen, Gerrit de Leeuw, and Xiaofeng Xu
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2022-26, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2022-26, 2022
Publication in AMT not foreseen
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Aeolus is the first satellite mission to directly observe wind profile information on a global scale. However, Aeolus wind products over China were thus far not evaluated by in-situ comparison. This work is the comparison of wind speed on a large scale between the Aeolus, ERA5 and RS , shedding important light on the data application of Aeolus wind products.
Yingying Ma, Yang Zhu, Boming Liu, Hui Li, Shikuan Jin, Yiqun Zhang, Ruonan Fan, and Wei Gong
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17003–17016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17003-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17003-2021, 2021
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The vertical distribution of the aerosol extinction coefficient (EC) measured by lidar systems has been used to retrieve the profile of particle matter with a diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5). However, the traditional linear model cannot consider the influence of multiple meteorological variables sufficiently, which then causes low inversion accuracy. In this study, the machine learning algorithms which can input multiple features are used to solve this constraint.
Hui Li, Boming Liu, Xin Ma, Shikuan Jin, Yingying Ma, Yuefeng Zhao, and Wei Gong
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 5977–5986, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-5977-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-5977-2021, 2021
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Radiosonde (RS) is widely used to detect the vertical structures of the planetary boundary layer (PBL), and numerous methods have been proposed for retrieving PBL height (PBLH) from RS data. However, an algorithm that is suitable under all atmospheric conditions does not exist. This study evaluates the performance of four common PBLH algorithms under different thermodynamic stability conditions based on RS data.
Xin Lu, Feiyue Mao, Daniel Rosenfeld, Yannian Zhu, Zengxin Pan, and Wei Gong
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11979–12003, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11979-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11979-2021, 2021
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In this paper, a novel method for retrieving cloud base height and geometric thickness is developed and applied to produce a global climatology of boundary layer clouds with a high accuracy. The retrieval is based on the 333 m resolution low-level cloud distribution as obtained from the CALIPSO lidar data. The main part of the study describes the variability of cloud vertical geometrical properties in space, season, and time of the day. Resultant new insights are presented.
Jianping Guo, Boming Liu, Wei Gong, Lijuan Shi, Yong Zhang, Yingying Ma, Jian Zhang, Tianmeng Chen, Kaixu Bai, Ad Stoffelen, Gerrit de Leeuw, and Xiaofeng Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 2945–2958, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2945-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2945-2021, 2021
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Vertical wind profiles are crucial to a wide range of atmospheric disciplines. Aeolus is the first satellite mission to directly observe wind profile information on a global scale. However, Aeolus wind products over China have thus far not been evaluated by in situ comparison. This work is expected to let the public and science community better know the Aeolus wind products and to encourage use of these valuable data in future research and applications.
Boming Liu, Jianping Guo, Wei Gong, Yong Zhang, Lijuan Shi, Yingying Ma, Jian Li, Xiaoran Guo, Ad Stoffelen, Gerrit de Leeuw, and Xiaofeng Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-41, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-41, 2021
Revised manuscript not accepted
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Vertical wind profiles are crucial to a wide range of atmospheric disciplines. Aeolus is the first satellite mission to directly observe wind profile information on a global scale. However, Aeolus wind products over China were thus far not evaluated by in-situ comparison. This work is expected to let the public and science community better know the Aeolus wind products and to encourage use of these valuable data in future researches and applications.
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Short summary
This work addresses a critical observational gap in the Southern Ocean — one of the most important regions for carbon uptake — by integrating comprehensive Argo float observations with historical ship-based measurements. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of using machine learning models to integrate observations, and support in-depth analyses of carbon transport and storage mechanisms. This can foster broader utilization of Argo floats data in ocean carbon research.
This work addresses a critical observational gap in the Southern Ocean — one of the most...
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