Articles | Volume 17, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-5089-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-5089-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description paper
| 
01 Oct 2025
Data description paper |
| 01 Oct 2025
| 01 Oct 2025
Satellite-based regional Sea Surface Salinity maps for enhanced understanding of freshwater fluxes in the Southern Ocean
Verónica González-Gambau
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC, P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37–49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Estrella Olmedo
Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC, P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37–49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Aina García-Espriu
Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC, P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37–49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Cristina González-Haro
Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC, P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37–49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Antonio Turiel
Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC, P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37–49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Carolina Gabarró
Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC, P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37–49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Alessandro Silvano
Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
Aditya Narayanan
Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
Alberto Naveira-Garabato
Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
Rafael Catany
Albavalor, SL, Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino, 9, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
Nina Hoareau
Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC, P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37–49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Marta Umbert
Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC, P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37–49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Giuseppe Aulicino
Department of Science and Technologies, Università degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, Naples, 80143, Italy
Yuri Cotroneo
Department of Science and Technologies, Università degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, Naples, 80143, Italy
Roberto Sabia
European Space Agency, ESA-ESRIN, Largo Galileo Galilei 1 Casella Postale 64 00044, Frascati, Italy
Diego Fernández-Prieto
European Space Agency, ESA-ESRIN, Largo Galileo Galilei 1 Casella Postale 64 00044, Frascati, Italy
Data sets
BEC Southern Ocean SSS Product Description (V.1.0) Verónica González Gambau et al. https://doi.org/10.20350/digitalCSIC/15493
Argo float data and metadata from Global Data Assembly Centre (Argo GDAC) Argo https://doi.org/10.17882/42182
Short summary
This paper introduces a new Sea Surface Salinity product for the Southern Ocean, based on SMOS data and developed by the Barcelona Expert Center. It offers 9 d maps on a 25 km EASE-SL grid, from 2011 to 2023, covering areas south of 30° S. The product is accurate beyond 150 km from sea ice, with nearly zero bias and a ~0.22 STD. It tracks well seasonal and interannual changes and will contribute to the understanding of processes influenced by upper-ocean salinity, including ice formation/melt.
This paper introduces a new Sea Surface Salinity product for the Southern Ocean, based on SMOS...
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