Articles | Volume 17, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1217-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1217-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Revised and updated geospatial monitoring of 21st century forest carbon fluxes
World Resources Institute, Washington, DC 20002, USA
Melissa Rose
World Resources Institute, Washington, DC 20002, USA
Giacomo Grassi
European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
Joana Melo
European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
Simone Rossi
European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
Arcadia SIT (providing service to the European Commission Joint Research Centre), Vigevano, Italy
Viola Heinrich
Section 1.4 Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics, GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Nancy L. Harris
World Resources Institute, Washington, DC 20002, USA
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Cited
14 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Forest Carbon Diligence: Digital MRV for mapping forest structure and carbon stocks C. Anderson et al.
- Land remains a blind spot in tracking progress under the Paris Agreement due to lack of data comparability R. Roman-Cuesta et al.
- Comparative analysis of machine learning biomass models against global remote sensing products using ground validation P. Paraseth et al.
- Support for Subnational Entities to Develop and Monitor Land-Based Greenhouse Gas Reduction Activities E. Glen et al.
- Exploring the application of Earth Observation datasets for SEEA carbon accounting and its comparison with national GHG reporting to the UNFCCC A. Araza et al.
- Voluntary forest certification as an instrument of climate change mitigation and forest adaptation M. Karpachevskiy et al.
- Improving land-use emission estimates under the Paris Agreement G. Grassi et al.
- Impacts of Harvesting and Prescribed Burning on Forest Soil Carbon Dynamics: A Global Meta-Analysis M. Ono & A. Noormets
- The impact of tropical cyclones Pam, Harold, Winston and Yasa on tree cover loss in Vanuatu and Fiji N. Metherall et al.
- Developing a Novel Method for Vegetation Mapping in Temperate Forests Using Airborne LiDAR and Hyperspectral Imaging N. Kim & C. Lim
- Policy solutions to better assess progress toward Paris goals given warming-induced ecosystem emissions, which shorten timelines by 2–5 years B. Buma et al.
- Greater climate sensitivity of older forests than younger forests in the Extratropical Northern Hemisphere T. Jin et al.
- Beavers can convert stream corridors to persistent carbon sinks L. Hallberg et al.
- Differences and uncertainties in land-use CO2 flux estimates W. Obermeier et al.
14 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Forest Carbon Diligence: Digital MRV for mapping forest structure and carbon stocks C. Anderson et al.
- Land remains a blind spot in tracking progress under the Paris Agreement due to lack of data comparability R. Roman-Cuesta et al.
- Comparative analysis of machine learning biomass models against global remote sensing products using ground validation P. Paraseth et al.
- Support for Subnational Entities to Develop and Monitor Land-Based Greenhouse Gas Reduction Activities E. Glen et al.
- Exploring the application of Earth Observation datasets for SEEA carbon accounting and its comparison with national GHG reporting to the UNFCCC A. Araza et al.
- Voluntary forest certification as an instrument of climate change mitigation and forest adaptation M. Karpachevskiy et al.
- Improving land-use emission estimates under the Paris Agreement G. Grassi et al.
- Impacts of Harvesting and Prescribed Burning on Forest Soil Carbon Dynamics: A Global Meta-Analysis M. Ono & A. Noormets
- The impact of tropical cyclones Pam, Harold, Winston and Yasa on tree cover loss in Vanuatu and Fiji N. Metherall et al.
- Developing a Novel Method for Vegetation Mapping in Temperate Forests Using Airborne LiDAR and Hyperspectral Imaging N. Kim & C. Lim
- Policy solutions to better assess progress toward Paris goals given warming-induced ecosystem emissions, which shorten timelines by 2–5 years B. Buma et al.
- Greater climate sensitivity of older forests than younger forests in the Extratropical Northern Hemisphere T. Jin et al.
- Beavers can convert stream corridors to persistent carbon sinks L. Hallberg et al.
- Differences and uncertainties in land-use CO2 flux estimates W. Obermeier et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 10 May 2026
Short summary
Updated global maps of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and sequestration by forests from 2001 onwards using satellite-derived data show that forests are strong net carbon sinks, capturing about as much CO2 each year on average as the USA emitted from fossil fuels in 2019. After reclassifying fluxes to countries’ reporting categories for national GHG inventories, we found that roughly two-thirds of the net CO2 flux from forests is anthropogenic and one-third is non-anthropogenic.
Updated global maps of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and sequestration by forests from 2001...
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