Coral skeletal records from the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) provide vital data on climate and environmental change. Presented here is the Great Barrier Reef Coral Skeletal Records Database, an extensive compilation of GBR coral records. The database includes key metadata, primary data, and access instructions, and it enhances research on past, present, and future climate and environmental variability of the GBR. The database will assist with contextualising present-day threats to reefs globally.