Articles | Volume 16, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3601-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Collection:
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3601-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Review article
| 
14 Aug 2024
Review article |
| 14 Aug 2024
| 14 Aug 2024
State of Wildfires 2023–2024
Matthew W. Jones
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
Hydro-climate risks, UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
Chantelle A. Burton
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Hadley Centre, Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, EX1 3PB, UK
Francesca Di Giuseppe
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Earth System Modelling Section, Forecast Department, European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Park, Reading, RG2 9AX, UK
Maria Lucia F. Barbosa
Department of Remote Sensing, National Institute for Space Research, Avenida dos Astronautas, 1758 – Jd, Granja – São José dos Campos – São Paulo, 12227-010, Brazil
Natural Sciences Center, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Lauri Simões de Barros, km 12 – SP-189 – Aracaçu, Buri – São Paulo, 18290-000, Brazil
Esther Brambleby
Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
Andrew J. Hartley
Hadley Centre, Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, EX1 3PB, UK
Anna Lombardi
Climate Intelligence, Research Department, European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Road, Reading, RG2 9AX, UK
Guilherme Mataveli
Earth Observation and Geoinformatics Division, National Institute for Space Research, Avenida dos Astronautas, 1758. Jd Granja – São José dos Campos – São Paulo, 12227-010, Brazil
Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
Joe R. McNorton
Earth System Modelling Section, Forecast Department, European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Park, Reading, RG2 9AX, UK
Fiona R. Spuler
Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Whiteknights Rd, Reading, RG6 6ET, UK
Jakob B. Wessel
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Harrison Building, University of Exeter, North Park Road, Exeter, UK
The Alan Turing Institute, British Library, 96 Euston Road, London, UK
John T. Abatzoglou
School of Engineering, University of California, Merced, 5200 N Lake Rd, Merced, CA 95343, USA
Liana O. Anderson
Cemaden/MCTI, Estrada Doutor Altino Bondensan, 500 – Distrito de Eugênio de Melo, São José dos Campos – São Paulo, Brazil
Niels Andela
BeZero Carbon, 25 Christopher Street, London, EC2A 2BS, UK
Sally Archibald
School of Animal Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg, University Corner, Braamfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa
Dolors Armenteras
Landscape Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling Group, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cra. 30 no. 45-03, Bogotá D.C., CP 111321, Colombia
Eleanor Burke
Hadley Centre, Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, EX1 3PB, UK
Rachel Carmenta
Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, School of Global Development, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
Emilio Chuvieco
Department of Geology, Geography and the Environment, Universidad de Alcalá, Colegios, 2 – 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
Hamish Clarke
FLARE Wildfire Research, School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Grattan St, Parkville, 3010, Australia
Stefan H. Doerr
Centre for Wildfire Research, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
Paulo M. Fernandes
ForestWISE – Collaborative Laboratory for Integrated Forest and Fire Management, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, Vila Real, 5000-801, Portugal
Louis Giglio
Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
Douglas S. Hamilton
Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
Stijn Hantson
Program in Earth System Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
Sarah Harris
Fire Risk, Research and Community Preparedness, Country Fire Authority, Burwood East, Victoria, Australia
Piyush Jain
Northern Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 5320 122 St NW, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada
Crystal A. Kolden
Wildfire Resilience Center, School of Engineering, University of California, Merced, 5200 N Lake Rd, Merced, CA 95343, USA
Tiina Kurvits
GRID-Arendal, P.O. Box 183, 4802, Arendal, Norway
Seppe Lampe
Department of Water and Climate, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Sarah Meier
Land, Environment, Economics and Policy Institute, Department of Economics, University of Exeter, Rennes Drive, Exeter, EX4 4ST, UK
Stacey New
Hadley Centre, Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, EX1 3PB, UK
Mark Parrington
Atmospheric Composition Section, Research Department, European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts, Robert-Schuman-Platz 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany
Morgane M. G. Perron
UMR 6539 CNRS/IRD/Ifremer/LEMAR, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, University of Brest, 29280 Plouzané, France
Yuquan Qu
Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
Natasha S. Ribeiro
Faculty of Agronomy and Forest Engineering, Eduardo Mondlane University, 3453 Avenida Julius Nyerere, Maputo, Mozambique
Bambang H. Saharjo
Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University, Kampus IPB, Dramaga, Bogor, Indonesia
Jesus San-Miguel-Ayanz
European Commission Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Rue du Champ de Mars 21, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Jacquelyn K. Shuman
NASA Ames Research Center, P.O. Box 1 Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000, USA
Veerachai Tanpipat
Upper ASEAN Wildland Fire Special Research Unit, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Rd, Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
Guido R. van der Werf
Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
Sander Veraverbeke
Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
Gavriil Xanthopoulos
Forest Fire Laboratory, Institute of Mediterranean Forest Ecosystems, Hellenic Agricultural Organization (DIMITRA), Terma Alkmanos, Ilisia, 11528, Athens, Greece
Editorial note: figure 8 was exchanged on 22 October 2024. In the legend, the anomaly was erroneously labelled 'Low/dry' and 'High/wet'. This was corrected.
Data sets
Update of: The Global Fire Atlas of individual fire size, duration, speed and direction N. Andela and M. W. Jones https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11400062
State of Wildfires 2023-24: Anomalies in Burned Area, Fire Emissions, and Individual Fire Characteristics by Continent, Biome, Country, and Administrative Region M. W. Jones et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11400539
State of Wildfires 2023-24: ConFire data D. I. Kelley et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11420742
Model code and software
ibicus v1.0.1 (v1.0.1) F. Spuler and J. Wessel https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8101898
State of Wildfires report 2023/24 Analysis code (SoW23_v0.1) D. I. Kelley et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11460380
State of Wildfires 2023/24 -- JULES Bias adjustment F. Spuler and J. Wessel https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13255783
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Short summary
This inaugural State of Wildfires report catalogues extreme fires of the 2023–2024 fire season. For key events, we analyse their predictability and drivers and attribute them to climate change and land use. We provide a seasonal outlook and decadal projections. Key anomalies occurred in Canada, Greece, and western Amazonia, with other high-impact events catalogued worldwide. Climate change significantly increased the likelihood of extreme fires, and mitigation is required to lessen future risk.
This inaugural State of Wildfires report catalogues extreme fires of the 2023–2024 fire season....
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