Articles | Volume 15, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-723-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-723-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description paper
| 
10 Feb 2023
Data description paper |
| 10 Feb 2023
| 10 Feb 2023
An enhanced integrated water vapour dataset from more than 10 000 global ground-based GPS stations in 2020
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Geodetic Institute, Karlsruhe, BW, Germany
Geoffrey Blewitt
Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
Corné Kreemer
Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
William C. Hammond
Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
Donald Argus
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
Xungang Yin
NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Asheville, NC, USA
Roeland Van Malderen
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium
Michael Mayer
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Geodetic Institute, Karlsruhe, BW, Germany
Weiping Jiang
GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Joseph Awange
School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University, Perth,
Australia
Hansjörg Kutterer
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Geodetic Institute, Karlsruhe, BW, Germany
Related authors
B. Kamm, A. Schenk, P. Yuan, and S. Hinz
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-M-1-2023, 153–159, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-1-2023-153-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-1-2023-153-2023, 2023
Peng Yuan, Roeland Van Malderen, Xungang Yin, Hannes Vogelmann, Weiping Jiang, Joseph Awange, Bernhard Heck, and Hansjörg Kutterer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3517–3541, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3517-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3517-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Water vapour plays an important role in various weather and climate processes. However, due to its large spatiotemporal variability, its high-accuracy quantification remains a challenge. In this study, 20+ years of GPS-derived integrated water vapour (IWV) retrievals in Europe were obtained. They were then used to characterise the temporal features of Europe's IWV and assess six atmospheric reanalyses. Results show that ERA5 outperforms the other reanalyses at most temporal scales.
Benjamin Fersch, Andreas Wagner, Bettina Kamm, Endrit Shehaj, Andreas Schenk, Peng Yuan, Alain Geiger, Gregor Moeller, Bernhard Heck, Stefan Hinz, Hansjörg Kutterer, and Harald Kunstmann
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5287–5307, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5287-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5287-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, a comprehensive multi-disciplinary dataset for tropospheric water vapor was developed. Geodetic, photogrammetric, and atmospheric modeling and data fusion techniques were used to obtain maps of water vapor in a high spatial and temporal resolution. It could be shown that regional weather simulations for different seasons benefit from assimilating these maps and that the combination of the different observation techniques led to positive synergies.
Wanmin Gong, Stephen R. Beagley, Kenjiro Toyota, Henrik Skov, Jesper Heile Christensen, Alex Lupu, Diane Pendlebury, Junhua Zhang, Ulas Im, Yugo Kanaya, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez, Roberto Sommariva, Peter Effertz, John W. Halfacre, Nis Jepsen, Rigel Kivi, Theodore K. Koenig, Katrin Müller, Claus Nordstrøm, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Paul B. Shepson, William R. Simpson, Sverre Solberg, Ralf M. Staebler, David W. Tarasick, Roeland Van Malderen, and Mika Vestenius
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 8355–8405, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8355-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8355-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study showed that the springtime O3 depletion plays a critical role in driving the surface O3 seasonal cycle in the central Arctic. The O3 depletion events, while occurring most notably within the lowest few hundred metres above the Arctic Ocean, can induce a 5–7 % loss in the pan-Arctic tropospheric O3 burden during springtime. The study also found enhancements in O3 and NOy (mostly peroxyacetyl nitrate) concentrations in the Arctic due to northern boreal wildfires, particularly at higher altitudes.
Carlo Arosio, Viktoria Sofieva, Andrea Orfanoz-Cheuquelaf, Alexei Rozanov, Klaus-Peter Heue, Diego Loyola, Edward Malina, Ryan M. Stauffer, David Tarasick, Roeland Van Malderen, Jerry R. Ziemke, and Mark Weber
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 3247–3265, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-3247-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-3247-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Tropospheric ozone affects air quality and climate, being a pollutant and a greenhouse gas. We analyze satellite data of tropospheric ozone columns obtained by combining two types of observations: one providing stratospheric and the other total ozone. We compare common climatological features and study the influence of the tropopause (troposphere to stratosphere boundary) on the results. We also examine trends over the last 20 years and compare satellite data with ozonesondes to identify drifts.
Roeland Van Malderen, Anne M. Thompson, Debra E. Kollonige, Ryan M. Stauffer, Herman G. J. Smit, Eliane Maillard Barras, Corinne Vigouroux, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Thierry Leblanc, Valérie Thouret, Pawel Wolff, Peter Effertz, David W. Tarasick, Deniz Poyraz, Gérard Ancellet, Marie-Renée De Backer, Stéphanie Evan, Victoria Flood, Matthias M. Frey, James W. Hannigan, José L. Hernandez, Marco Iarlori, Bryan J. Johnson, Nicholas Jones, Rigel Kivi, Emmanuel Mahieu, Glen McConville, Katrin Müller, Tomoo Nagahama, Justus Notholt, Ankie Piters, Natalia Prats, Richard Querel, Dan Smale, Wolfgang Steinbrecht, Kimberly Strong, and Ralf Sussmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 7187–7225, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7187-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7187-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Tropospheric ozone is an important greenhouse gas and is an air pollutant. The time variability of tropospheric ozone is mainly driven by anthropogenic emissions. In this paper, we study the distribution and time variability of ozone from harmonized ground-based observations from five different measurement techniques. Our findings provide clear standard references for atmospheric models and evolving tropospheric ozone satellite data for the 2000–2022 period.
Irina Petropavlovskikh, Jeannette D. Wild, Kari Abromitis, Peter Effertz, Koji Miyagawa, Lawrence E. Flynn, Eliane Maillard Barras, Robert Damadeo, Glen McConville, Bryan Johnson, Patrick Cullis, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Gerard Ancellet, Richard Querel, Roeland Van Malderen, and Daniel Zawada
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2895–2936, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2895-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2895-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Observational records show that stratospheric ozone is recovering in accordance with the implementation of the Montreal Protocol and its amendments. Natural ozone variability complicates the detection of small trends. This study optimizes a statistical model fit in ground-station-based observational records by adding parameters that interpret seasonal and long-term changes in atmospheric circulation and airmass mixing, which reduces uncertainties in detecting the stratospheric ozone recovery.
Swathi Maratt Satheesan, Kai-Uwe Eichmann, Mark Weber, Roeland Van Malderen, Ryan Stauffer, and David Tarasick
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-306, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-306, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents the CLCD (CHORA Local Cloud Decision) algorithm for retrieving near-global tropospheric ozone using TROPOMI data. The approach refines the Convective Cloud Differential method by using a local cloud reference sector to minimize errors from stratospheric ozone variability, particularly in mid-latitudes. Validation against ground-based data shows good accuracy, highlighting its potential for improving air quality monitoring and supporting current and future satellite missions.
Yugo Kanaya, Roberto Sommariva, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez, Andrea Mazzeo, Theodore K. Koenig, Kaori Kawana, James E. Johnson, Aurélie Colomb, Pierre Tulet, Suzie Molloy, Ian E. Galbally, Rainer Volkamer, Anoop Mahajan, John W. Halfacre, Paul B. Shepson, Julia Schmale, Hélène Angot, Byron Blomquist, Matthew D. Shupe, Detlev Helmig, Junsu Gil, Meehye Lee, Sean C. Coburn, Ivan Ortega, Gao Chen, James Lee, Kenneth C. Aikin, David D. Parrish, John S. Holloway, Thomas B. Ryerson, Ilana B. Pollack, Eric J. Williams, Brian M. Lerner, Andrew J. Weinheimer, Teresa Campos, Frank M. Flocke, J. Ryan Spackman, Ilann Bourgeois, Jeff Peischl, Chelsea R. Thompson, Ralf M. Staebler, Amir A. Aliabadi, Wanmin Gong, Roeland Van Malderen, Anne M. Thompson, Ryan M. Stauffer, Debra E. Kollonige, Juan Carlos Gómez Martin, Masatomo Fujiwara, Katie Read, Matthew Rowlinson, Keiichi Sato, Junichi Kurokawa, Yoko Iwamoto, Fumikazu Taketani, Hisahiro Takashima, Monica Navarro Comas, Marios Panagi, and Martin G. Schultz
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-566, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-566, 2025
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
The first comprehensive dataset of tropospheric ozone over oceans/polar regions is presented, including 77 ship/buoy and 48 aircraft campaign observations (1977–2022, 0–5000 m altitude), supplemented by ozonesonde and surface data. Air masses isolated from land for 72+ hours are systematically selected as essentially oceanic. Among the 11 global regions, they show daytime decreases of 10–16% in the tropics, while near-zero depletions are rare, unlike in the Arctic, implying different mechanisms.
Arno Keppens, Daan Hubert, José Granville, Oindrila Nath, Jean-Christopher Lambert, Catherine Wespes, Pierre-François Coheur, Cathy Clerbaux, Anne Boynard, Richard Siddans, Barry Latter, Brian Kerridge, Serena Di Pede, Pepijn Veefkind, Juan Cuesta, Gaelle Dufour, Klaus-Peter Heue, Melanie Coldewey-Egbers, Diego Loyola, Andrea Orfanoz-Cheuquelaf, Swathi Maratt Satheesan, Kai-Uwe Eichmann, Alexei Rozanov, Viktoria F. Sofieva, Jerald R. Ziemke, Antje Inness, Roeland Van Malderen, and Lars Hoffmann
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3746, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3746, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The first Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report (TOAR) encountered discrepancies between several satellite sensors’ estimates of the distribution and change of ozone in the free troposphere. Therefore, contributing to the second TOAR, we harmonise as much as possible the observational perspective of sixteen tropospheric ozone products from satellites. This only partially accounts for the observed discrepancies, with a reduction of 10–40 % of the inter-product dispersion upon harmonisation.
Gaëlle Dufour, Maxim Eremenko, Juan Cuesta, Gérard Ancellet, Michael Gill, Eliane Maillard Barras, and Roeland Van Malderen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4096, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4096, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The IASI-O3 KOPRA v3.0 product shows strong consistency (<1 %) for the three IASI instruments. The validation against homogenized ozone sondes reveals an overall good agreement with slight biases (3–6 %) in tropospheric ozone and a possible temporal drift but difficult to assess due to the limited number of sites. No specific trends are estimated for the tropospheric ozone column for 2008–2022, but persistent negative trends are observed in the lower troposphere.
Roeland Van Malderen, Zhou Zang, Kai-Lan Chang, Robin Björklund, Owen R. Cooper, Jane Liu, Eliane Maillard Barras, Corinne Vigouroux, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Thierry Leblanc, Valérie Thouret, Pawel Wolff, Peter Effertz, Audrey Gaudel, David W. Tarasick, Herman G. J. Smit, Anne M. Thompson, Ryan M. Stauffer, Debra E. Kollonige, Deniz Poyraz, Gérard Ancellet, Marie-Renée De Backer, Matthias M. Frey, James W. Hannigan, José L. Hernandez, Bryan J. Johnson, Nicholas Jones, Rigel Kivi, Emmanuel Mahieu, Isamu Morino, Glen McConville, Katrin Müller, Isao Murata, Justus Notholt, Ankie Piters, Maxime Prignon, Richard Querel, Vincenzo Rizi, Dan Smale, Wolfgang Steinbrecht, Kimberly Strong, and Ralf Sussmann
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3745, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3745, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Tropospheric ozone is an important greenhouse gas and an air pollutant, whose distribution and time variability is mainly governed by anthropogenic emissions and dynamics. In this paper, we assess regional trends of tropospheric ozone column amounts, based on two different approaches of merging or synthesizing ground-based observations and their trends within specific regions. Our findings clearly demonstrate regional trend differences, but also consistently higher pre- than post-COVID trends.
Zhou Zang, Jane Liu, David Tarasick, Omid Moeini, Jianchun Bian, Jinqiang Zhang, Anne M. Thompson, Roeland Van Malderen, Herman G. J. Smit, Ryan M. Stauffer, Bryan J. Johnson, and Debra E. Kollonige
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13889–13912, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13889-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13889-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Trajectory-mapped Ozonesonde dataset for the Stratosphere and Troposphere (TOST) provides a global-scale, long-term ozone climatology that is horizontally and vertically resolved. In this study, we improved, updated and validated TOST from 1970 to 2021. Based on this TOST dataset, we characterized global ozone variations spatially in both the troposphere and stratosphere and temporally by season and decade. We also showed a stagnant lower stratospheric ozone variation since the late 1990s.
Robin Björklund, Corinne Vigouroux, Peter Effertz, Omaira E. García, Alex Geddes, James Hannigan, Koji Miyagawa, Michael Kotkamp, Bavo Langerock, Gerald Nedoluha, Ivan Ortega, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Deniz Poyraz, Richard Querel, John Robinson, Hisako Shiona, Dan Smale, Penny Smale, Roeland Van Malderen, and Martine De Mazière
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 6819–6849, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-6819-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-6819-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Different ground-based ozone measurements from the last 2 decades at Lauder are compared to each other. We want to know why different trends have been observed in the stratosphere. Also, the quality and relevance of tropospheric datasets need to be evaluated. While remaining drifts are still present, our study explains roughly half of the differences in observed trends in previous studies and shows the necessity for continuous review and improvement of the measurements.
Honglei Wang, David W. Tarasick, Jane Liu, Herman G. J. Smit, Roeland Van Malderen, Lijuan Shen, Romain Blot, and Tianliang Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11927–11942, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11927-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11927-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we identify 23 suitable pairs of sites from World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Centre (WOUDC) and In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System (IAGOS) datasets (1995 to 2021), compare the average vertical distributions of tropospheric O3 from ozonesonde and aircraft measurements, and analyze the differences based on ozonesonde type and station–airport distance.
Jielong Wang, Yunzhong Shen, and Joseph Awange
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., X-4-2024, 389–394, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-4-2024-389-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-4-2024-389-2024, 2024
Arno Keppens, Serena Di Pede, Daan Hubert, Jean-Christopher Lambert, Pepijn Veefkind, Maarten Sneep, Johan De Haan, Mark ter Linden, Thierry Leblanc, Steven Compernolle, Tijl Verhoelst, José Granville, Oindrila Nath, Ann Mari Fjæraa, Ian Boyd, Sander Niemeijer, Roeland Van Malderen, Herman G. J. Smit, Valentin Duflot, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Bryan J. Johnson, Wolfgang Steinbrecht, David W. Tarasick, Debra E. Kollonige, Ryan M. Stauffer, Anne M. Thompson, Angelika Dehn, and Claus Zehner
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 3969–3993, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-3969-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-3969-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Sentinel-5P satellite operated by the European Space Agency has carried the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) around the Earth since October 2017. This mission also produces atmospheric ozone profile data which are described in detail for May 2018 to April 2023. Independent validation using ground-based reference measurements demonstrates that the operational ozone profile product mostly fully and at least partially complies with all mission requirements.
Guang Zeng, Richard Querel, Hisako Shiona, Deniz Poyraz, Roeland Van Malderen, Alex Geddes, Penny Smale, Dan Smale, John Robinson, and Olaf Morgenstern
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6413–6432, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6413-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6413-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present a homogenised ozonesonde record (1987–2020) for Lauder, a Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude site; identify factors driving ozone trends; and attribute them to anthropogenic forcings using statistical analysis and model simulations. We find that significant negative lower-stratospheric ozone trends identified at Lauder are associated with an increase in tropopause height and that CO2-driven dynamical changes have played an increasingly important role in driving ozone trends.
Guodong Chen, Weiping Jiang, Zhijie Zhang, Taoyong Jin, and Dawei Li
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3030, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3030, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
This paper attempts to determine Arctic mean sea surface and sea level change by combining ICESat-2 and CryoSat-2 data. Our results show that the SSH flag identified in ATL07 may be too strict, resulting in a small number of lead identifications. Combining the two missions can obtain sea surface height with higher accuracy and coverage in the Arctic. The results are helpful for the study of sea level, sea ice, and the accuracy of ICESat-2 and CryoSat-2 data in the Arctic.
Herman G. J. Smit, Deniz Poyraz, Roeland Van Malderen, Anne M. Thompson, David W. Tarasick, Ryan M. Stauffer, Bryan J. Johnson, and Debra E. Kollonige
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 73–112, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-73-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-73-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper revisits fundamentals of ECC ozonesonde measurements to develop and characterize a methodology to correct for the fast and slow time responses using the JOSIE (Jülich Ozone Sonde Intercomparison Experiment) simulation chamber data. Comparing the new corrected ozonesonde profiles to an accurate ozone UV photometer (OPM) as reference allows us to evaluate the time response correction (TRC) method and to determine calibration functions traceable to one reference with 5 % uncertainty.
B. Kamm, A. Schenk, P. Yuan, and S. Hinz
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-M-1-2023, 153–159, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-1-2023-153-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-M-1-2023-153-2023, 2023
Peng Yuan, Roeland Van Malderen, Xungang Yin, Hannes Vogelmann, Weiping Jiang, Joseph Awange, Bernhard Heck, and Hansjörg Kutterer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3517–3541, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3517-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3517-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Water vapour plays an important role in various weather and climate processes. However, due to its large spatiotemporal variability, its high-accuracy quantification remains a challenge. In this study, 20+ years of GPS-derived integrated water vapour (IWV) retrievals in Europe were obtained. They were then used to characterise the temporal features of Europe's IWV and assess six atmospheric reanalyses. Results show that ERA5 outperforms the other reanalyses at most temporal scales.
Catalina Poraicu, Jean-François Müller, Trissevgeni Stavrakou, Dominique Fonteyn, Frederik Tack, Felix Deutsch, Quentin Laffineur, Roeland Van Malderen, and Nele Veldeman
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 479–508, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-479-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-479-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
High-resolution WRF-Chem simulations are conducted over Antwerp, Belgium, in June 2019 and evaluated using meteorological data and in situ, airborne, and spaceborne NO2 measurements. An intercomparison of model, aircraft, and TROPOMI NO2 columns is conducted to characterize biases in versions 1.3.1 and 2.3.1 of the satellite product. A mass balance method is implemented to provide improved emissions for simulating NO2 distribution over the study area.
Benjamin Fersch, Andreas Wagner, Bettina Kamm, Endrit Shehaj, Andreas Schenk, Peng Yuan, Alain Geiger, Gregor Moeller, Bernhard Heck, Stefan Hinz, Hansjörg Kutterer, and Harald Kunstmann
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5287–5307, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5287-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5287-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, a comprehensive multi-disciplinary dataset for tropospheric water vapor was developed. Geodetic, photogrammetric, and atmospheric modeling and data fusion techniques were used to obtain maps of water vapor in a high spatial and temporal resolution. It could be shown that regional weather simulations for different seasons benefit from assimilating these maps and that the combination of the different observation techniques led to positive synergies.
Jiasheng Shi, Taoyong Jin, Mao Zhou, Xiangcheng Wan, and Weiping Jiang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1018, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1018, 2022
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
SWOT has significant potential for detecting mesoscale eddies, but the detecting method, which is used for nadir altimeters, may be not optimal. We propose to improve the method based on the spatial and temporal features of SWOT, to reduce the long-wavelength errors and enhance the high spatial features. The accuracy of gridded results are improved especially when the number of observations is limited. The reconstruction and detected temporal scales of mesoscale eddy variations is also enhanced.
Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Niramson Azouz, Viktoria F. Sofieva, Daan Hubert, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Peter Effertz, Gérard Ancellet, Doug A. Degenstein, Daniel Zawada, Lucien Froidevaux, Stacey Frith, Jeannette Wild, Sean Davis, Wolfgang Steinbrecht, Thierry Leblanc, Richard Querel, Kleareti Tourpali, Robert Damadeo, Eliane Maillard Barras, René Stübi, Corinne Vigouroux, Carlo Arosio, Gerald Nedoluha, Ian Boyd, Roeland Van Malderen, Emmanuel Mahieu, Dan Smale, and Ralf Sussmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 11657–11673, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11657-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11657-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
An updated evaluation up to 2020 of stratospheric ozone profile long-term trends at extrapolar latitudes based on satellite and ground-based records is presented. Ozone increase in the upper stratosphere is confirmed, with significant trends at most latitudes. In this altitude region, a very good agreement is found with trends derived from chemistry–climate model simulations. Observed and modelled trends diverge in the lower stratosphere, but the differences are non-significant.
Gérard Ancellet, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Herman G. J. Smit, Ryan M. Stauffer, Roeland Van Malderen, Renaud Bodichon, and Andrea Pazmiño
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 3105–3120, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-3105-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-3105-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The 1991–2021 Observatoire de Haute Provence electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozonesonde data have been homogenized according to the recommendations of the Ozonesonde Data Quality Assessment panel. Comparisons with ground-based instruments also measuring ozone at the same station (lidar, surface measurements) and with colocated satellite observations show the benefits of this homogenization. Remaining differences between ECC and other observations in the stratosphere are also discussed.
Nora Mettig, Mark Weber, Alexei Rozanov, John P. Burrows, Pepijn Veefkind, Anne M. Thompson, Ryan M. Stauffer, Thierry Leblanc, Gerard Ancellet, Michael J. Newchurch, Shi Kuang, Rigel Kivi, Matthew B. Tully, Roeland Van Malderen, Ankie Piters, Bogumil Kois, René Stübi, and Pavla Skrivankova
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 2955–2978, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2955-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2955-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Vertical ozone profiles from combined spectral measurements in the UV and IR spectral ranges were retrieved by using data from TROPOMI/S5P and CrIS/Suomi-NPP. The vertical resolution and accuracy of the ozone profiles are improved by combining both wavelength ranges compared to retrievals limited to UV or IR spectral data only. The advancement of our TOPAS algorithm for combined measurements is required because in the UV-only retrieval the vertical resolution in the troposphere is very limited.
Roeland Van Malderen, Dirk De Muer, Hugo De Backer, Deniz Poyraz, Willem W. Verstraeten, Veerle De Bock, Andy W. Delcloo, Alexander Mangold, Quentin Laffineur, Marc Allaart, Frans Fierens, and Valérie Thouret
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12385–12411, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12385-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12385-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The main aim of initiating measurements of the vertical distribution of the ozone concentration by means of ozonesondes attached to weather balloons at Uccle in 1969 was to improve weather forecasts. Since then, this measurement technique has barely changed, but the dense, long-term, and homogeneous Uccle dataset currently remains crucial for studying the temporal evolution of ozone from the surface to the stratosphere and is also the backbone of the validation of satellite ozone retrievals.
Thomas Wagner, Steffen Beirle, Steffen Dörner, Christian Borger, and Roeland Van Malderen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 5315–5353, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5315-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5315-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A global long-term (1995–2015) data set of total column water vapour (TCWV) derived from satellite observations is used to quantify the influence of teleconnections. Based on a newly developed empirical method more than 40 teleconnection indices are significantly detected in our global TCWV data set. After orthogonalisation, only 20 indices are left significant. The global distribution of the cumulative influence of teleconnection indices is strongest in the tropics and high latitudes.
Holger Vömel, Herman G. J. Smit, David Tarasick, Bryan Johnson, Samuel J. Oltmans, Henry Selkirk, Anne M. Thompson, Ryan M. Stauffer, Jacquelyn C. Witte, Jonathan Davies, Roeland van Malderen, Gary A. Morris, Tatsumi Nakano, and Rene Stübi
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 5667–5680, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-5667-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-5667-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The time response of electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozonesondes points to at least two distinct reaction pathways with time constants of approximately 20 s and 25 min. Properly considering these time constants eliminates the need for a poorly defined "background" and allows reducing ad hoc corrections based on laboratory tests. This reduces the uncertainty of ECC ozonesonde measurements throughout the profile and especially in regions of low ozone and strong gradients of ozone.
N. Mazroob Semnani, M. Breunig, M. Al-Doori, A. Heck, P. Kuper, and H. Kutterer
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLIII-B4-2020, 485–492, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B4-2020-485-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIII-B4-2020-485-2020, 2020
Cited articles
Beirle, S., Lampel, J., Wang, Y., Mies, K., Dörner, S., Grossi, M.,
Loyola, D., Dehn, A., Danielczok, A., Schröder, M., and Wagner, T.: The
ESA GOME-Evolution “Climate” water vapor product: a homogenized time
series of H2O columns from GOME, SCIAMACHY, and GOME-2, Earth Syst. Sci.
Data, 10, 449–468, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-449-2018, 2018.
Bertiger, W., Bar-Sever, Y., Dorsey, A., Haines, B., Harvey, N., Hemberger,
D., Heflin, M., Lu, W., Miller, M., Moore, A. W., Murphy, D., Ries, P.,
Romans, L., Sibois, A., Sibthorpe, A., Szilagyi, B., Vallisneri, M., and
Willis, P.: GipsyX/RTGx, a new tool set for space geodetic operations and
research, Adv. Space Res., 66, 469–489, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2020.04.015, 2020.
Bevis, M., Businger, S., Herring, T., Rocken, C., Anthes, R., and Ware, R.:
GPS Meteorology: Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Water Vapor Using the Global
Positioning System, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 97, 15787–15801, https://doi.org/10.1029/92JD01517, 1992.
Bevis, M., Businger, S., Chiswell, S., Herring, T. A., Anthes, R. A., Rocken, C., and Ware, R. H.: GPS Meteorology: Mapping Zenith Wet Delays onto Precipitable Water, J. Appl. Meteorol., 33, 379–386,
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1994)033<0379:GMMZWD>2.0.CO;2, 1994.
Blewitt, G., Hammond, W. C., and Kreemer, C.: Harnessing the GPS data
explosion for interdisciplinary science, Eos, 99, 485, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018EO104623, 2018.
Bock, O.: Standardization of ZTD screening and IWV conversion, in: Advanced GNSS Tropospheric Products for Monitoring Severe Weather Events and Climate: COST Action ES1206 Final Action Dissemination Report, edited by: Jones, J.,
Guerova, G., Douša, J., Dick, G., de Haan, S., Pottiaux, E., Bock, O.,
Pacione, R., and Van Malderen, R., Springer International Publishing,
314–324, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13901-8, 2020.
Bock, O., Bosser, P., Pacione, R., Nuret, M., Fourrié, N., and Parracho,
A.: A high-quality reprocessed ground-based GPS dataset for atmospheric
process studies, radiosonde and model evaluation, and reanalysis of HyMeX
Special Observing Period, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 142, 56–71,
https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2701, 2016.
Bock, O., Bosser, P., Flamant, C., Doerflinger, E., Jansen, F., Fages, R.,
Bony, S., and Schnitt, S.: Integrated water vapour observations in the Caribbean arc from a network of ground-based GNSS receivers during EUREC4A,
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 2407–2436, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-2407-2021, 2021.
Boehm, J., Werl, B., and Schuh, H.: Troposphere mapping functions for GPS and very long baseline interferometry from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts operational analysis data, J. Geophys. Res.-Solid, 111, B02406, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JB003629, 2006.
Boehm, J., Heinkelmann, R., and Schuh, H.: Short Note: A global model of
pressure and temperature for geodetic applications, J. Geod., 81, 679–683,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-007-0135-3, 2007.
CY45R1 – Part IV: Physical processes, IFS Documentation CY45R1, https://doi.org/10.21957/4whwo8jw0, 2018.
Davis, J. L., Herring, T. A., Shapiro, I. I., Rogers, A. E. E., and Elgered,
G.: Geodesy by radio interferometry: Effects of atmospheric modeling errors
on estimates of baseline length, Radio Sci., 20, 1593–1607,
https://doi.org/10.1029/RS020i006p01593, 1985.
Dee, D.: ECMWF reanalyses: Diagnosis and application, in: ECMWF Seminar on
Diagnosis of Forecasting and Data Assimilation Systems, 7–10 September 2009,
Reading, UK, https://www.ecmwf.int/sites/default/files/elibrary/2010/8931-ecmwf-reanalyses-diagnosis-and-application.pdf
(last access: 27 January 2023), 2009.
Durre, I., Yin, X., Vose, R. S., Applequist, S., and Arnfield, J.: Enhancing
the Data Coverage in the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 35, 1753–1770, https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-17-0223.1, 2018.
ECMWF, ERA5 hourly data on pressure levels from 1959 to present, https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu, last access: 27 January 2023.
Ferreira, A. P., Nieto, R., and Gimeno, L.: Completeness of radiosonde humidity observations based on the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11, 603–627, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-603-2019, 2019.
Fersch, B., Wagner, A., Kamm, B., Shehaj, E., Schenk, A., Yuan, P., Geiger, A., Moeller, G., Heck, B., Hinz, S., Kutterer, H., and Kunstmann, H.: Tropospheric water vapor: a comprehensive high-resolution data collection for the transnational Upper Rhine Graben region , Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5287–5307, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5287-2022, 2022.
Heise, S., Dick, G., Gendt, G., Schmidt, T., and Wickert, J.: Integrated water vapor from IGS ground-based GPS observations: initial results from a global 5-min data set, Ann. Geophys., 27, 2851–2859,
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-2851-2009, 2009.
Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Hirahara, S., Horányi, A.,
Muñoz-Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Schepers, D.,
Simmons, A., Soci, C., Abdalla, S., Abellan, X., Balsamo, G., Bechtold, P.,
Biavati, G., Bidlot, J., Bonavita, M., Chiara, G. D., Dahlgren, P., Dee, D.,
Diamantakis, M., Dragani, R., Flemming, J., Forbes, R., Fuentes, M., Geer,
A., Haimberger, L., Healy, S., Hogan, R. J., Hólm, E., Janisková,
M., Keeley, S., Laloyaux, P., Lopez, P., Lupu, C., Radnoti, G., Rosnay, P.
de, Rozum, I., Vamborg, F., Villaume, S., and Thépaut, J.-N.: The ERA5
global reanalysis, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 146, 1999–2049,
https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3803, 2020.
Jade, S. and Vijayan, M. S. M.: GPS-based atmospheric precipitable water
vapor estimation using meteorological parameters interpolated from NCEP
global reanalysis data, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 113, D03106, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD008758, 2008.
Jiang, W., Yuan, P., Chen, H., Cai, J., Li, Z., Chao, N., and Sneeuw, N.:
Annual variations of monsoon and drought detected by GPS: A case study in
Yunnan, China, Sci. Rep., 7, 5874, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06095-1, 2017.
Jin, S., Li, Z., and Cho, J.: Integrated Water Vapor Field and Multiscale
Variations over China from GPS Measurements, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 47,
3008–3015, https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JAMC1920.1, 2008.
Jones, J., Guerova, G., Douša, J., Dick, G., de Haan, S., Pottiaux, E., Bock, O., Pacione, R., and van Malderen, R. (Eds.): Advanced GNSS Tropospheric Products for Monitoring Severe Weather Events and Climate: COST Action ES1206 Final Action Dissemination Report, Springer International Publishing, Cham, https://doi.org/0.1007/978-3-030-13901-8, 2020.
Karl, T. R. and Trenberth, K. E.: Modern Global Climate Change, Science, 302, 1719–1723, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1090228, 2003.
Kestin, J., Sengers, J. V., Kamgar-Parsi, B., and Sengers, J. M. H. L.:
Thermophysical Properties of Fluid H2O, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 13, 175–183, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555707, 1984.
Kouba, J.: Implementation and testing of the gridded Vienna Mapping Function 1 (VMF1), J. Geod., 82, 193–205, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-007-0170-0,
2008.
Lindstrot, R., Stengel, M., Schröder, M., Fischer, J., Preusker, R.,
Schneider, N., Steenbergen, T., and Bojkov, B. R.: A global climatology of
total columnar water vapour from SSM/I and MERIS, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 6, 221–233, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-6-221-2014, 2014.
Masson-Delmotte, V., Zhai, P., Pirani, A., Connors, S. L., Péan, C., Berger, S., Caud, N., Chen, Y., Goldfarb, L., and Gomis, M. I.: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, in: Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157896, 2021.
NCEI: Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA) Version 2, NCEI [data set], https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/iso?id=gov.noaa.ncdc:C00975 (last access: 27 January 2023), 2023a.
NCEI: Global Hourly – Integrated Surface Database (ISD), https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/land-based-station/integrated-surface-database (last access: 27 January 2023), 2023b.
NGL: Troposheric Products from Nevada Geodetic Lab (NGL), http://geodesy.unr.edu, last access: 27 January 2023.
Pacione, R., Araszkiewicz, A., Brockmann, E., and Dousa, J.: EPN-Repro2: A
reference GNSS tropospheric data set over Europe, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 10,
1689–1705, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-1689-2017, 2017.
Pavlis, N. K., Holmes, S. A., Kenyon, S. C., and Factor, J. K.: The
development and evaluation of the Earth Gravitational Model 2008 (EGM2008),
J. Geophys. Res.-Solid, 117, B04406, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008916, 2012.
Petit, G. and Luzum, B. (Eds.): IERS Conventions (2010), IERS Technical Note 36, Verlag des Bundesamts für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Frankfurt am Main, 179 pp., ISBN 3-89888-989-6, 2010.
Saastamoinen, J.: Atmospheric correction for the troposphere and stratosphere in radio ranging of satellites, in: The use of artificial Satellites for geodesy, in: Geophysical Monograph 15, AGU, USA, 247–251, https://doi.org/10.1029/GM015p0247, 1972.
Schmid, R., Steigenberger, P., Gendt, G., Ge, M., and Rothacher, M.: Generation of a consistent absolute phase-center correction model for GPS
receiver and satellite antennas, J. Geod., 81, 781–798,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-007-0148-y, 2007.
Schröder, M., Lockhoff, M., Fell, F., Forsythe, J., Trent, T., Bennartz,
R., Borbas, E., Bosilovich, M. G., Castelli, E., Hersbach, H., Kachi, M.,
Kobayashi, S., Kursinski, E. R., Loyola, D., Mears, C., Preusker, R., Rossow, W. B., and Saha, S.: The GEWEX Water Vapor Assessment archive of water vapour products from satellite observations and reanalyses, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 10, 1093–1117, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-1093-2018, 2018.
Schueler, T.: On ground-based GPS tropospheric delay estimation, PhD Thesis, Univ. der Bundeswehr München, Fak. für Bauingenieur-und Vermessungswesen, Studiengang Geodäsie und Geoinformation, Munich, https://athene-forschung.unibw.de/doc/85240/85240.pdf (last access: 27 January 2023), 2001.
Smith, A., Lott, N., and Vose, R.: The Integrated Surface Database: Recent
Developments and Partnerships, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 92, 704–708,
https://doi.org/10.1175/2011BAMS3015.1, 2011.
Thébault, E., Finlay, C. C., Beggan, C. D., Alken, P., Aubert, J., Barrois, O., Bertrand, F., Bondar, T., Boness, A., Brocco, L., Canet, E.,
Chambodut, A., Chulliat, A., Coïsson, P., Civet, F., Du, A., Fournier,
A., Fratter, I., Gillet, N., Hamilton, B., Hamoudi, M., Hulot, G., Jager,
T., Korte, M., Kuang, W., Lalanne, X., Langlais, B., Léger, J.-M., Lesur, V., Lowes, F. J., Macmillan, S., Mandea, M., Manoj, C., Maus, S., Olsen, N., Petrov, V., Ridley, V., Rother, M., Sabaka, T. J., Saturnino, D., Schachtschneider, R., Sirol, O., Tangborn, A., Thomson, A., Tøffner-Clausen, L., Vigneron, P., Wardinski, I., and Zvereva, T.:
International Geomagnetic Reference Field: the 12th generation, Earth
Planets Space, 67, 79, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-015-0228-9, 2015.
Turato, B., Reale, O., and Siccardi, F.: Water Vapor Sources of the October 2000 Piedmont Flood, J. Hydrometeorol., 5, 693–712,
https://doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2004)005<0693:WVSOTO>2.0.CO;2, 2004.
TUW: Vienna Mapping Functions Open Access Data, https://vmf.geo.tuwien.ac.at/, last access: 27 January 2023.
Upton, G. and Cook, I.: Understanding statistics, Oxford University Press, 672 pp., ISBN 10:0199143919, ISBN 13:978-0199143917, 1996.
Van Malderen, R., Brenot, H., Pottiaux, E., Beirle, S., Hermans, C., Mazière, M. D., Wagner, T., Backer, H. D., and Bruyninx, C.: A multi-site intercomparison of integrated water vapour observations for climate change analysis, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 7, 2487–2512, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-2487-2014, 2014.
Vaquero-Martínez, J., Antón, M., Ortiz de Galisteo, J. P., Cachorro, V. E., Álvarez-Zapatero, P., Román, R., Loyola, D., Costa, M. J., Wang, H., Abad, G. G., and Noël, S.: Inter-comparison of integrated water vapor from satellite instruments using reference GPS data at the Iberian Peninsula, Remote Sens. Environ., 204, 729–740, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.09.028, 2018.
Vogelmann, H., Sussmann, R., Trickl, T., and Reichert, A.: Spatiotemporal
variability of water vapor investigated using lidar and FTIR vertical
soundings above the Zugspitze, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 3135–3148,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3135-2015, 2015.
Wang, J. and Zhang, L.: Systematic Errors in Global Radiosonde Precipitable
Water Data from Comparisons with Ground-Based GPS Measurements, J. Climate, 21, 2218–2238, https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JCLI1944.1, 2008.
Wang, J., Zhang, L., and Dai, A.: Global estimates of water-vapor-weighted
mean temperature of the atmosphere for GPS applications, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 110, D21101, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006215, 2005.
Wang, J., Zhang, L., Dai, A., Hove, T. V., and Baelen, J. V.: A near-global,
2-hourly data set of atmospheric precipitable water from ground-based GPS
measurements, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 112, D11107, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007529, 2007.
Worden, J., Noone, D., and Bowman, K.: Importance of rain evaporation and
continental convection in the tropical water cycle, Nature, 445, 528–532,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05508, 2007.
World Meteorological Organization: Guide to Instruments and Methods of
Observation, Measurement of Meteorological Variables, WMO-No. 8, 397–398, ISBN 978-92-63-10008-5, 2018.
Yu, C., Li, Z., and Blewitt, G.: Global Comparisons of ERA5 and the Operational HRES Tropospheric Delay and Water Vapor Products with GPS and
MODIS, Earth Space Sci., 8, e2020EA001417, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EA001417, 2021.
Yuan, P., Hunegnaw, A., Alshawaf, F., Awange, J., Klos, A., Teferle, F. N.,
and Kutterer, H.: Feasibility of ERA5 integrated water vapor trends for
climate change analysis in continental Europe: An evaluation with GPS
(1994–2019) by considering statistical significance, Remote Sens. Environ.,
260, 112416, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112416, 2021.
Yuan, P., Blewitt, G., Kreemer, C., Hammond, W.C., Argus, D., Yin, X., Van
Malderen, R., Mayer, M., Jiang, W., Awange, J., and Kutterer, H.: An enhanced integrated water vapour dataset from more than 10,000 global ground-based GPS stations in 2020, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6973528, 2022.
Zhu, Y. and Newell, R. E.: Atmospheric rivers and bombs, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 1999–2002, https://doi.org/10.1029/94GL01710, 1994.
Zumberge, J., Heflin, M., Jefferson, D., Watkins, M., and Webb, F.: Precise
point positioning for the efficient and robust analysis of GPS data from
large networks, J. Geophys. Res.-Solid, 102, 5005–5017, 1997.
Zus, F., Deng, Z., and Wickert, J.: The impact of higher-order ionospheric
effects on estimated tropospheric parameters in Precise Point Positioning,
Radio Sci., 52, 963–971, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017RS006254, 2017.
Short summary
We developed a 5 min global integrated water vapour (IWV) product from 12 552 ground-based GPS stations in 2020. It contains more than 1 billion IWV estimates. The dataset is an enhanced version of the existing operational GPS IWV dataset from the Nevada Geodetic Laboratory. The enhancement is reached by using accurate meteorological information from ERA5 for the GPS IWV retrieval with a significantly higher spatiotemporal resolution. The dataset is recommended for high-accuracy applications.
We developed a 5 min global integrated water vapour (IWV) product from 12 552 ground-based GPS...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint