Earth System Science Data
Earth System Science Data
Earth System Science Data
Articles | Volume 18, issue 4
Articles | Volume 18, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-2609-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-2609-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 18, issue 4
Data description article
 | 
13 Apr 2026
Data description article |  | 13 Apr 2026

BuildingSense: a new multimodal building function classification dataset

Pengxiang Su, Runfei Chen, Heng Xu, Wei Huang, Xinling Deng, Songnian Li, Wanglin Yan, Hangbin Wu, and Chun Liu

Viewed

Total article views: 667 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML PDF XML Total Supplement BibTeX EndNote
374 256 37 667 75 36 30
  • HTML: 374
  • PDF: 256
  • XML: 37
  • Total: 667
  • Supplement: 75
  • BibTeX: 36
  • EndNote: 30
Views and downloads (calculated since 29 Jan 2026)
Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 29 Jan 2026)

Viewed (geographical distribution)

Total article views: 667 (including HTML, PDF, and XML) Thereof 666 with geography defined and 1 with unknown origin.
Country # Views %
  • 1
1
 
 
 
 
Latest update: 13 Apr 2026
Download
Short summary
The accessibility of building function is essential for urban research. We reviewed the recent work and concluded three limitations: few open-source datasets, coarse building function categories, and poor model interpretability with inadequate multimodal feature fusion. Thus, we created BuildingSense with fine-grained categories and multimodal data, and proved that the large model can be used for improving the interpretability of results, with three directions for enhancing their performance.
Read more
Share
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint