Earth System Science Data
Earth System Science Data
Earth System Science Data
Articles | Volume 18, issue 4
Articles | Volume 18, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-2609-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-2609-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 18, issue 4
Data description article
 | 
13 Apr 2026
Data description article |  | 13 Apr 2026

BuildingSense: a new multimodal building function classification dataset

Pengxiang Su, Runfei Chen, Heng Xu, Wei Huang, Xinling Deng, Songnian Li, Wanglin Yan, Hangbin Wu, and Chun Liu

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Short summary
The accessibility of building function is essential for urban research. We reviewed the recent work and concluded three limitations: few open-source datasets, coarse building function categories, and poor model interpretability with inadequate multimodal feature fusion. Thus, we created BuildingSense with fine-grained categories and multimodal data, and proved that the large model can be used for improving the interpretability of results, with three directions for enhancing their performance.
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