Articles | Volume 15, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3673-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3673-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description paper
| 
15 Aug 2023
Data description paper |
| 15 Aug 2023
| 15 Aug 2023
Global oceanic diazotroph database version 2 and elevated estimate of global oceanic N2 fixation
Zhibo Shao
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
Yangchun Xu
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
Hua Wang
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
Weicheng Luo
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
Lice Wang
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
Yuhong Huang
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
Nona Sheila R. Agawin
Marine Ecology and Systematics (MarES) Research Group, University of the
Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
Ayaz Ahmed
Environment and Life Science Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for
Scientific Research, Salmiya, Kuwait
Mar Benavides
Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, UM 110, 13288,
Marseille, France
Turing Center for Living Systems, Aix-Marseille University, 13009 Marseille,
France
Mikkel Bentzon-Tilia
Department for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of
Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
Ilana Berman-Frank
Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences,
University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
Hugo Berthelot
Ifremer, DYNECO, Plouzané, France
Isabelle C. Biegala
Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, UM 110, 13288,
Marseille, France
Mariana B. Bif
Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California, USA
Antonio Bode
Oceanographic Center of A Coruña, Spanish Institute of Oceanography
(IEO-CSIC), A Coruña, Spain
Sophie Bonnet
Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, UM 110, 13288,
Marseille, France
Deborah A. Bronk
Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, Maine, USA
Mark V. Brown
Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW,
Australia
Lisa Campbell
Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas,
USA
Douglas G. Capone
Department of Biological Sciences, Marine and Environmental Biology Section,
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
Edward J. Carpenter
College of Science and Engineering, San Francisco State University, San
Francisco, California, USA
Nicolas Cassar
Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Nicholas School of the Environment,
Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
CNRS, Université de Brest, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, Plouzané, France
Bonnie X. Chang
Vesta, PBC, Southampton, New York, USA
Dreux Chappell
College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
Yuh-ling Lee Chen
Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung,
Taiwan
Matthew J. Church
Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana, Polson, Montana,
USA
Francisco M. Cornejo-Castillo
Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
Amália Maria Sacilotto Detoni
Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalucía (ICMAN), Consejo Superior de
Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus Río San Pedro, Puerto
Real, Spain
Scott C. Doney
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
Cecile Dupouy
Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, UM 110, 13288,
Marseille, France
Marta Estrada
Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
Camila Fernandez
CNRS Observatoire océanologique, Banyuls-sur-mer, France
Center for Oceanographic Research COPAS Coastal, Universidad de
Concepción, Vigo, Chile
Bieito Fernández-Castro
Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre, University of
Southampton, Southampton, UK
Debany Fonseca-Batista
Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia,
Canada
Rachel A. Foster
Department of Ecology, Environment, and Plant Sciences, Stockholm
University, Stockholm, Sweden
Ken Furuya
Institute of Plankton Eco-engineering, Soka University, Hachioji, Tokyo,
Japan
Nicole Garcia
Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, UM 110, 13288,
Marseille, France
Kanji Goto
Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-Ku,
Sapporo, Japan
Jesús Gago
Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO-CSIC), Centro Oceanografico de Vigo, Concepción,
Spain
Mary R. Gradoville
Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission, Portland, Oregon, USA
M. Robert Hamersley
Environmental Studies, Soka University of America, Aliso Viejo, California,
USA
Britt A. Henke
Ocean Sciences Department, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa
Cruz, California, USA
Cora Hörstmann
Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, UM 110, 13288,
Marseille, France
Amal Jayakumar
Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
Zhibing Jiang
Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou,
Zhejiang, China
Shuh-Ji Kao
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
David M. Karl
Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu,
Hawaii, USA
Leila R. Kittu
Marine Biogeochemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel,
Düstern, Kiel, Germany
Angela N. Knapp
Department of Earth, Ocean, & Atmospheric Science, Florida State
University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
Sanjeev Kumar
Geosciences Division, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India
Julie LaRoche
Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
Hongbin Liu
Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and
Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
Jiaxing Liu
Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
Caroline Lory
French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, IRD,
Marseille, France
Carolin R. Löscher
Department of Biology, DIAS, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Emilio Marañón
Centro de Investigación Mariña da Universidade de Vigo (CIM-UVigo),
Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo,
Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo, Spain
Lauren F. Messer
Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural
Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK
Matthew M. Mills
Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
Wiebke Mohr
Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
Pia H. Moisander
Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth,
Massachusetts, USA
Claire Mahaffey
Department of Earth, Ocean and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool, UK
Robert Moore
Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia,
Canada
Beatriz Mouriño-Carballido
Centro de Investigación Mariña da Universidade de Vigo (CIM-UVigo),
Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo,
Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo, Spain
Margaret R. Mulholland
Department of Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Old Dominion University,
Norfolk, Virginia, USA
Shin-ichiro Nakaoka
Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for
Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
Joseph A. Needoba
OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health and Science University
Portland, Portland, Oregon, USA
Eric J. Raes
Flourishing Oceans, Minderoo Foundation, Broadway, Nedlands, WA, Australia
Eyal Rahav
Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, National Institute of
Oceanography, Haifa, Israel
Teodoro Ramírez-Cárdenas
Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Instituto Español de
Oceanografía (IEO, CSIC), Fuengirola, Spain
Christian Furbo Reeder
Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, UM 110, 13288,
Marseille, France
Lasse Riemann
Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Helsingør, Denmark
Virginie Riou
Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry & Earth System Sciences,
Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
Julie C. Robidart
National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK
Vedula V. S. S. Sarma
CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Cente Waltair,
Visakhapatnam, India
Takuya Sato
Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Himanshu Saxena
Geosciences Division, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India
Corday Selden
Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick
New Jersey, USA
Justin R. Seymour
Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South
Wales, Australia
Dalin Shi
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
Takuhei Shiozaki
Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba,
Japan
Arvind Singh
Geosciences Division, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India
Rachel E. Sipler
Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW,
Australia
Research Centre for Indian Ocean Ecosystem, Tianjin University of Science
and Technology, Tianjin, China
College of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences
(Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei, China
Koji Suzuki
Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Kazutaka Takahashi
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo,
Tokyo, Japan
Yehui Tan
Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
Weiyi Tang
Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
Jean-Éric Tremblay
Québec-Océan and Takuvik, Department of Biology, Laval University,
Québec, Canada
Kendra Turk-Kubo
Ocean Sciences Department, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa
Cruz, California, USA
Zuozhu Wen
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
Angelicque E. White
Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu,
Hawaii, USA
Samuel T. Wilson
School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University,
Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Takashi Yoshida
Graduate school of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
Jonathan P. Zehr
Ocean Sciences Department, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa
Cruz, California, USA
Run Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
Yao Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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- Particle-associated N 2 fixation by heterotrophic bacteria in the global ocean S. Chakraborty et al. 10.1126/sciadv.adq4693
- Global impact of benthic denitrification on marine N2 fixation and primary production simulated by a variable-stoichiometry Earth system model N. Li et al. 10.5194/bg-21-4361-2024
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- Iron and phosphorus limitations modulate the effects of carbon dioxide enrichment on a unicellular nitrogen‐fixing cyanobacterium Z. Chen et al. 10.1002/lno.12780
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- Nitrogen fixation rates in the Guinea Dome and the equatorial upwelling regions in the Atlantic Ocean A. Fernández-Carrera et al. 10.1007/s10533-023-01089-w
- Projecting global biological N2 fixation under climate warming across land and ocean C. Deutsch et al. 10.1016/j.tim.2023.12.007
- Size-fractionated C:N:P:Si stoichiometry of particulate matter in the subtropical Western North Pacific C. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104732
- Rhizobia–diatom symbiosis fixes missing nitrogen in the ocean B. Tschitschko et al. 10.1038/s41586-024-07495-w
- Crocosphaera watsonii – A widespread nitrogen‐fixing unicellular marine cyanobacterium T. Masuda et al. 10.1111/jpy.13450
- Nitrogen cycling in China marginal seas: Progress and challenges S. Wu et al. 10.1016/j.marchem.2024.104421
- Uptake of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and N2 fixation by Crocosphaera watsonii under climate change scenarios J. Umbricht et al. 10.3389/fmars.2024.1388214
- A global dataset of nitrogen fixation rates across inland and coastal waters R. Fulweiler et al. 10.1002/lol2.10459
- Nitrogen fixation in the North Atlantic supported by Gulf Stream eddy-borne diazotrophs C. Hoerstmann et al. 10.1038/s41561-024-01567-2
- Continuous Zonal Gradients Characterize Epipelagic Plankton Assemblages and Hydrography in the Subtropical North Atlantic A. Bode et al. 10.3390/oceans5010007
- Distribution and behaviour of reduced sulfur substances in the oligotrophic and hydrothermal waters of the Western Tropical South Pacific G. Portlock et al. 10.3389/fmars.2024.1426906
- Wintertime productivity and carbon export potential across the Agulhas Current system K. Sinyanya et al. 10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104405
- Diazotroph-derived nitrogen release and transfer under varying light intensity: insights from co-culture studies X. Hu et al. 10.3389/fmars.2025.1485853
- Assessing N2 fixation flux and its controlling factors in the (sub)tropical western North Pacific through high‐resolution observations X. Yu et al. 10.1002/lol2.10404
- Heterogeneous Diazotroph Communities in the Subtropical‐Subantarctic Transition and Aphotic Zones Off the Coast of Patagonia, Eastern South Pacific Ocean T. Shiozaki et al. 10.1029/2023JG007683
- Grazing mortality as a controlling factor in the uncultured non-cyanobacterial diazotroph (Gamma A) around the Kuroshio region T. Sato et al. 10.5194/bg-22-625-2025
- Distribution of the N2‐fixing cyanobacterium Candidatus Atelocyanobacterium thalassa in the Mexican Pacific upwelling system under two contrasting El Niño Southern Oscillation conditions C. Vieyra‐Mexicano et al. 10.1111/1758-2229.13237
- Global biogeography of N2-fixing microbes: nifH amplicon database and analytics workflow M. Morando et al. 10.5194/essd-17-393-2025
- Possible transport pathway of diazotrophic Trichodesmium by Agulhas Leakage from the Indian into the Atlantic Ocean B. Martin et al. 10.1038/s41598-024-53297-5
- Fronts divide diazotroph communities in the Southern Indian Ocean S. Chowdhury et al. 10.1093/femsec/fiae095
- Different elemental stoichiometries of Fe‐limited Trichodesmium when grown under inorganic and organic phosphorus sources X. Wang et al. 10.1002/lno.12716
5 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Continuous Zonal Gradients Characterize Epipelagic Plankton Assemblages and Hydrography in the Subtropical North Atlantic A. Bode et al. 10.3390/oceans5010007
- Light-driven integration of diazotroph-derived nitrogen in euphotic nitrogen cycle H. Shen et al. 10.1038/s41467-024-53067-x
- Upper Ocean Biogeochemistry of the Oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre: From Nutrient Sources to Carbon Export M. Dai et al. 10.1029/2022RG000800
- Global oceanic diazotroph database version 2 and elevated estimate of global oceanic N2 fixation Z. Shao et al. 10.5194/essd-15-3673-2023
- Composition of the sinking particle flux in a hot spot of dinitrogen fixation revealed through polyacrylamide gel traps F. Ababou et al. 10.3389/fmars.2023.1290625
Latest update: 30 Mar 2025
Short summary
N2 fixation by marine diazotrophs is an important bioavailable N source to the global ocean. This updated global oceanic diazotroph database increases the number of in situ measurements of N2 fixation rates, diazotrophic cell abundances, and nifH gene copy abundances by 184 %, 86 %, and 809 %, respectively. Using the updated database, the global marine N2 fixation rate is estimated at 223 ± 30 Tg N yr−1, which triplicates that using the original database.
N2 fixation by marine diazotrophs is an important bioavailable N source to the global ocean....
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