Articles | Volume 14, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3365-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3365-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
A repository of measured soil freezing characteristic curves: 1921 to 2021
Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
Geography and Environmental Studies, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
Stephan Gruber
Geography and Environmental Studies, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
Jeffrey M. McKenzie
Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
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Cited
35 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A matrix for estimating the unfrozen water content of freezing soils J. Bi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2025.109050
- Effect of water salinity on the soil freezing-thawing characteristic curve of sandy soils Y. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135359
- Toward a modification of the soil compartment of the CSA N288.1 environmental transfer model for permafrost conditions T. Stocki et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107776
- Parameters estimation for van Genuchten-soil freezing characteristic curve model by using synthetic data J. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2026.117757
- Coupled hydrologic-electromagnetic framework to model permafrost active layer organic soil dielectric properties K. Bakian-Dogaheh et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2024.114560
- Shear strength-temperature-moisture content relationship of warm frozen ground for thaw slump stability analysis C. Rugwizangoga & G. Siemens https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2026.104820
- Disconnected active layers and unfrozen permafrost: A discussion of permafrost-related terms and definitions É. Devoie et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169017
- New Method for Hydraulic Characterization of Variably Saturated Zone in Peatland-Dominated Permafrost Mires R. Lakshmiprasad et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land13121990
- Towards an improved prediction of soil-freezing characteristic curve based on extreme gradient boosting model K. Li & H. He https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2024.101898
- Prediction of Soil Freezing Curve from Adsorption-Induced and Capillarity-Induced Water Pressure S. Luo et al. https://doi.org/10.1061/JGGEFK.GTENG-12710
- Investigating effects of thermokarst lakes on permafrost under equilibrium conditions H. Brisebois et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177921
- Temperature-dependent shear behavior of glacial till-ice composite: Experimental insights from the southeastern Tibetan Plateau Z. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104776
- Prediction of thermal conductivity of frozen soils from basic soil properties using ensemble learning methods X. Song et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117053
- Machine learning-based pseudo-continuous pedotransfer function for predicting soil freezing characteristic curve S. Park et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117145
- Miscellaneous methods for determination of unfrozen water content in frozen soils S. Feng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.130802
- Application of machine learning for predicting unfrozen water content in frozen soils: A review M. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104711
- Modelling near-surface ice content and midwinter melt events in mineral soils É. Devoie et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106816
- Use of an artificial neural network model for estimation of unfrozen water content in frozen soils J. Ren et al. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2022-0035
- Sub-zero soil CO2 respiration in biostimulated hydrocarbon-contaminated cold-climate soil can be linked to the soil-freezing characteristic curve T. Nayeema et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-35824-z
- Quantifying permafrost thawing and its impact on lake storage dynamics in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau S. Ji et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132529
- Hysteresis of unfrozen water content of tailing mud with freeze-thaw and its correlation with electrical conductivity W. Xu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2024.104362
- The characteristics of acoustic propagation and unfrozen water in silt under freezing-thawing conditions S. Jia et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2025.1721576
- Regolith Inhibits Salt and Ice Crystallization in Mg(ClO4)2 Brine, Implying More Persistent and Potentially Habitable Brines on Mars A. Shumway et al. https://doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/ace891
- Mobilization of subsurface carbon pools driven by permafrost thaw and reactivation of groundwater flow: a virtual experiment A. Mohammed et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aca701
- Improved soil freezing characteristic curve based on thermodynamics considering unequal particle contact Y. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109909
- Study on water-heat-salt coupling and salt-frost heave response model with evolution characteristics of sulfate saline soil under freez-thaw process Z. Xiaoling et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-026-05031-w
- Numerical simulation method for thermal-seepage coupling in artificial ground freezing using liquid nitrogen under high-seepage conditions Z. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.107896
- Numerical strategies for representing Richards' equation and its couplings in snowpack models K. Fourteau et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-3193-2026
- The influence of frozen climatic conditions on railway track settlement rate C. Charoenwong et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2026.104938
- Freezing and impact processes of soil: Theoretical and numerical analyses Z. Chunyu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110261
- Shear behavior of precast pile-soil interface in warm permafrost regions G. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104609
- A novel index for evaluating the salinity control effectiveness of winter and spring irrigation during soil freezing−thawing process M. Chai et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2025.106910
- A dynamic soil freezing characteristic curve model for frozen soil X. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2023.09.008
- Environmental controls of winter soil carbon dioxide fluxes in boreal and tundra environments A. Mavrovic et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5087-2023
- Changes in global land surface frozen ground and freeze‒thaw processes during 1950–2020 based on ERA5-Land data Y. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2024.03.007
35 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A matrix for estimating the unfrozen water content of freezing soils J. Bi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2025.109050
- Effect of water salinity on the soil freezing-thawing characteristic curve of sandy soils Y. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135359
- Toward a modification of the soil compartment of the CSA N288.1 environmental transfer model for permafrost conditions T. Stocki et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107776
- Parameters estimation for van Genuchten-soil freezing characteristic curve model by using synthetic data J. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2026.117757
- Coupled hydrologic-electromagnetic framework to model permafrost active layer organic soil dielectric properties K. Bakian-Dogaheh et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2024.114560
- Shear strength-temperature-moisture content relationship of warm frozen ground for thaw slump stability analysis C. Rugwizangoga & G. Siemens https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2026.104820
- Disconnected active layers and unfrozen permafrost: A discussion of permafrost-related terms and definitions É. Devoie et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169017
- New Method for Hydraulic Characterization of Variably Saturated Zone in Peatland-Dominated Permafrost Mires R. Lakshmiprasad et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land13121990
- Towards an improved prediction of soil-freezing characteristic curve based on extreme gradient boosting model K. Li & H. He https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2024.101898
- Prediction of Soil Freezing Curve from Adsorption-Induced and Capillarity-Induced Water Pressure S. Luo et al. https://doi.org/10.1061/JGGEFK.GTENG-12710
- Investigating effects of thermokarst lakes on permafrost under equilibrium conditions H. Brisebois et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177921
- Temperature-dependent shear behavior of glacial till-ice composite: Experimental insights from the southeastern Tibetan Plateau Z. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104776
- Prediction of thermal conductivity of frozen soils from basic soil properties using ensemble learning methods X. Song et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117053
- Machine learning-based pseudo-continuous pedotransfer function for predicting soil freezing characteristic curve S. Park et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117145
- Miscellaneous methods for determination of unfrozen water content in frozen soils S. Feng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.130802
- Application of machine learning for predicting unfrozen water content in frozen soils: A review M. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104711
- Modelling near-surface ice content and midwinter melt events in mineral soils É. Devoie et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106816
- Use of an artificial neural network model for estimation of unfrozen water content in frozen soils J. Ren et al. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2022-0035
- Sub-zero soil CO2 respiration in biostimulated hydrocarbon-contaminated cold-climate soil can be linked to the soil-freezing characteristic curve T. Nayeema et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-35824-z
- Quantifying permafrost thawing and its impact on lake storage dynamics in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau S. Ji et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132529
- Hysteresis of unfrozen water content of tailing mud with freeze-thaw and its correlation with electrical conductivity W. Xu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2024.104362
- The characteristics of acoustic propagation and unfrozen water in silt under freezing-thawing conditions S. Jia et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2025.1721576
- Regolith Inhibits Salt and Ice Crystallization in Mg(ClO4)2 Brine, Implying More Persistent and Potentially Habitable Brines on Mars A. Shumway et al. https://doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/ace891
- Mobilization of subsurface carbon pools driven by permafrost thaw and reactivation of groundwater flow: a virtual experiment A. Mohammed et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aca701
- Improved soil freezing characteristic curve based on thermodynamics considering unequal particle contact Y. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109909
- Study on water-heat-salt coupling and salt-frost heave response model with evolution characteristics of sulfate saline soil under freez-thaw process Z. Xiaoling et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-026-05031-w
- Numerical simulation method for thermal-seepage coupling in artificial ground freezing using liquid nitrogen under high-seepage conditions Z. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.107896
- Numerical strategies for representing Richards' equation and its couplings in snowpack models K. Fourteau et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-3193-2026
- The influence of frozen climatic conditions on railway track settlement rate C. Charoenwong et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2026.104938
- Freezing and impact processes of soil: Theoretical and numerical analyses Z. Chunyu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110261
- Shear behavior of precast pile-soil interface in warm permafrost regions G. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104609
- A novel index for evaluating the salinity control effectiveness of winter and spring irrigation during soil freezing−thawing process M. Chai et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2025.106910
- A dynamic soil freezing characteristic curve model for frozen soil X. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2023.09.008
- Environmental controls of winter soil carbon dioxide fluxes in boreal and tundra environments A. Mavrovic et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5087-2023
- Changes in global land surface frozen ground and freeze‒thaw processes during 1950–2020 based on ERA5-Land data Y. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2024.03.007
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 03 Jun 2026
Short summary
Soil freezing characteristic curves (SFCCs) relate the temperature of a soil to its ice content. SFCCs are needed in all physically based numerical models representing freezing and thawing soils, and they affect the movement of water in the subsurface, biogeochemical processes, soil mechanics, and ecology. Over a century of SFCC data exist, showing high variability in SFCCs based on soil texture, water content, and other factors. This repository summarizes all available SFCC data and metadata.
Soil freezing characteristic curves (SFCCs) relate the temperature of a soil to its ice content....
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