Articles | Volume 13, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-857-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-857-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Nine years of SMOS sea surface salinity global maps at the Barcelona Expert Center
Estrella Olmedo
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC,
P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Cristina González-Haro
Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC,
P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Nina Hoareau
Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC,
P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Marta Umbert
Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC,
P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Verónica González-Gambau
Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC,
P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Justino Martínez
Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC,
P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Carolina Gabarró
Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC,
P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Antonio Turiel
Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC,
P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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Cited
44 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Global mapping of flux and microbial sources for oceanic N2O S. Wang et al.
- Spatiotemporal Variability of Rainfall and Surface Salinity in the Eastern Pacific Fresh Pool: A Joint In Situ and Satellite Analysis During the SPURS‐2 Field Campaign N. Chi et al.
- Monitoring Black Sea environmental changes from space: New products for altimetry, ocean colour and salinity. Potentialities and requirements for a dedicated in-situ observing system M. Grégoire et al.
- Reconstructability of Open‐Ocean Upper‐Layer Dynamics From Surface Observations Using Surface Quasigeostrophy (SQG) Theory L. Liu et al.
- Sea Surface Salinity and Wind Speed Retrievals Using GNSS-R and L-Band Microwave Radiometry Data from FMPL-2 Onboard the FSSCat Mission J. Munoz-Martin & A. Camps
- Deviations of satellite-measured sea surface salinity caused by environmental factors and their regional dependence Y. Ouyang et al.
- Estimating Three‐Dimensional Structures of Eddy in the South Indian Ocean From the Satellite Observations Based on the isQG Method Z. Chen et al.
- Simulated Sea Surface Salinity Data from a 1/48° Ocean Model F. Bingham et al.
- Assessing the Regional Accuracy of Arctic Satellite Sea Surface Salinity: Insights From Reanalyses and In Situ Observations M. Sánchez-Urrea et al.
- Scaling-up ecological understanding with remote sensing and causal inference E. Van Cleemput et al.
- Enhancements on the Latitudinal and Seasonal Bias Corrections in the SMOS Debiased Non-Bayesian Sea Surface Salinity Retrieval A. García-Espriu et al.
- Global Daily Column Average CO2 at 0.1° × 0.1° Spatial Resolution Integrating OCO-3, GOSAT, CAMS with EOF and Deep Learning F. Antezana Lopez et al.
- Satellite-based regional Sea Surface Salinity maps for enhanced understanding of freshwater fluxes in the Southern Ocean V. González-Gambau et al.
- A regional coupled approach to water cycle prediction during winter 2013/14 in the United Kingdom H. Lewis & S. Dadson
- Super-Resolution Reconstruction of SMOS Sea Surface Salinity from Multivariate Satellite Observations Based on Deep Learning Z. Liang et al.
- Preserving Native Spatial Resolution in Long-Term Satellite Datasets Through Improved Projection Algorithms A. Garcia-Espriu et al.
- Estimating the Ocean Interior from Satellite Observations in the Kerguelen Area (Southern Ocean): A Combined Investigation Using High-Resolution CTD Data from Animal-Borne Instruments L. Liu & H. Xue
- A maximum sea surface salinity tongue in the North Brazil continental shelf M. Cadima et al.
- Quantification of Aquarius, SMAP, SMOS and Argo-Based Gridded Sea Surface Salinity Product Sampling Errors S. Fournier et al.
- Temperature and Salinity Anomalies in the Sea Surface Microlayer of the South Pacific During Precipitation Events L. Gassen et al.
- Realising the potential of interoperable data products to improve the outlook for marine biodiversity: Lessons from the European marine observation and data network T. Webb et al.
- Increasing stratification as observed by satellite sea surface salinity measurements E. Olmedo et al.
- Matchup Strategies for Satellite Sea Surface Salinity Validation E. Westbrook et al.
- SMOS captures variations in SSS fronts during El Niño and La Niña J. Li & L. Du
- Satellite-Measured Suspended Particulate Matter Flux and Freshwater Flux in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea W. Shi & M. Wang
- Matchup Characteristics of Sea Surface Salinity Using a High-Resolution Ocean Model F. Bingham et al.
- Using satellite observations of ocean variables to improve estimates of water mass (trans)formation A. Piracha et al.
- Framework for Improving Land Boundary Conditions in Ocean Regional Products F. Campuzano et al.
- Salinity Fronts in the South Atlantic I. Belkin & X. Shen
- Synthesizing high-resolution satellite salinity data based on multi-fractal fusion H. Yan et al.
- Intercomparison of Multisatellite Merged CCI Sea Surface Salinity Product With SMOS, Aquarius, and SMAP J. Dai et al.
- ESA Arctic+ Salinity Product v4: Enhanced Retrievals Near the Ice-Edge A. Garcia-Espriu et al.
- Assessing the Relationship between Freshwater Flux and Sea Surface Salinity H. Liu et al.
- The Contribution of the Vendée Globe Race to Improved Ocean Surface Information: A Validation of the Remotely Sensed Salinity in the Sub-Antarctic Zone M. Umbert et al.
- Improved BEC SMOS Arctic Sea Surface Salinity product v3.1 J. Martínez et al.
- First SMOS Sea Surface Salinity dedicated products over the Baltic Sea V. González-Gambau et al.
- Estimation of sea surface salinity from MODIS-Aqua data in the northern South China Sea H. Ye et al.
- Impact of ocean data assimilation on climate predictions with ICON-ESM H. Pohlmann et al.
- Evaluation of SMOS L4 Sea Surface Salinity Product in the Western Iberian Coast B. Biguino et al.
- Sea surface salinity short-term variability in the tropics F. Bingham & S. Brodnitz
- On the global reconstruction of ocean interior variables: a feasibility data-driven study with simulated surface and water column observations A. Garcia-Espriu et al.
- Global sea surface salinity via the synergistic use of SMAP satellite and HYCOM data based on machine learning E. Jang et al.
- Sea Surface Salinity Subfootprint Variability from a Global High-Resolution Model F. Bingham et al.
- Sea surface salinity variability in the western subpolar North Atlantic based on satellite observations R. Hu & J. Zhao
44 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Global mapping of flux and microbial sources for oceanic N2O S. Wang et al.
- Spatiotemporal Variability of Rainfall and Surface Salinity in the Eastern Pacific Fresh Pool: A Joint In Situ and Satellite Analysis During the SPURS‐2 Field Campaign N. Chi et al.
- Monitoring Black Sea environmental changes from space: New products for altimetry, ocean colour and salinity. Potentialities and requirements for a dedicated in-situ observing system M. Grégoire et al.
- Reconstructability of Open‐Ocean Upper‐Layer Dynamics From Surface Observations Using Surface Quasigeostrophy (SQG) Theory L. Liu et al.
- Sea Surface Salinity and Wind Speed Retrievals Using GNSS-R and L-Band Microwave Radiometry Data from FMPL-2 Onboard the FSSCat Mission J. Munoz-Martin & A. Camps
- Deviations of satellite-measured sea surface salinity caused by environmental factors and their regional dependence Y. Ouyang et al.
- Estimating Three‐Dimensional Structures of Eddy in the South Indian Ocean From the Satellite Observations Based on the isQG Method Z. Chen et al.
- Simulated Sea Surface Salinity Data from a 1/48° Ocean Model F. Bingham et al.
- Assessing the Regional Accuracy of Arctic Satellite Sea Surface Salinity: Insights From Reanalyses and In Situ Observations M. Sánchez-Urrea et al.
- Scaling-up ecological understanding with remote sensing and causal inference E. Van Cleemput et al.
- Enhancements on the Latitudinal and Seasonal Bias Corrections in the SMOS Debiased Non-Bayesian Sea Surface Salinity Retrieval A. García-Espriu et al.
- Global Daily Column Average CO2 at 0.1° × 0.1° Spatial Resolution Integrating OCO-3, GOSAT, CAMS with EOF and Deep Learning F. Antezana Lopez et al.
- Satellite-based regional Sea Surface Salinity maps for enhanced understanding of freshwater fluxes in the Southern Ocean V. González-Gambau et al.
- A regional coupled approach to water cycle prediction during winter 2013/14 in the United Kingdom H. Lewis & S. Dadson
- Super-Resolution Reconstruction of SMOS Sea Surface Salinity from Multivariate Satellite Observations Based on Deep Learning Z. Liang et al.
- Preserving Native Spatial Resolution in Long-Term Satellite Datasets Through Improved Projection Algorithms A. Garcia-Espriu et al.
- Estimating the Ocean Interior from Satellite Observations in the Kerguelen Area (Southern Ocean): A Combined Investigation Using High-Resolution CTD Data from Animal-Borne Instruments L. Liu & H. Xue
- A maximum sea surface salinity tongue in the North Brazil continental shelf M. Cadima et al.
- Quantification of Aquarius, SMAP, SMOS and Argo-Based Gridded Sea Surface Salinity Product Sampling Errors S. Fournier et al.
- Temperature and Salinity Anomalies in the Sea Surface Microlayer of the South Pacific During Precipitation Events L. Gassen et al.
- Realising the potential of interoperable data products to improve the outlook for marine biodiversity: Lessons from the European marine observation and data network T. Webb et al.
- Increasing stratification as observed by satellite sea surface salinity measurements E. Olmedo et al.
- Matchup Strategies for Satellite Sea Surface Salinity Validation E. Westbrook et al.
- SMOS captures variations in SSS fronts during El Niño and La Niña J. Li & L. Du
- Satellite-Measured Suspended Particulate Matter Flux and Freshwater Flux in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea W. Shi & M. Wang
- Matchup Characteristics of Sea Surface Salinity Using a High-Resolution Ocean Model F. Bingham et al.
- Using satellite observations of ocean variables to improve estimates of water mass (trans)formation A. Piracha et al.
- Framework for Improving Land Boundary Conditions in Ocean Regional Products F. Campuzano et al.
- Salinity Fronts in the South Atlantic I. Belkin & X. Shen
- Synthesizing high-resolution satellite salinity data based on multi-fractal fusion H. Yan et al.
- Intercomparison of Multisatellite Merged CCI Sea Surface Salinity Product With SMOS, Aquarius, and SMAP J. Dai et al.
- ESA Arctic+ Salinity Product v4: Enhanced Retrievals Near the Ice-Edge A. Garcia-Espriu et al.
- Assessing the Relationship between Freshwater Flux and Sea Surface Salinity H. Liu et al.
- The Contribution of the Vendée Globe Race to Improved Ocean Surface Information: A Validation of the Remotely Sensed Salinity in the Sub-Antarctic Zone M. Umbert et al.
- Improved BEC SMOS Arctic Sea Surface Salinity product v3.1 J. Martínez et al.
- First SMOS Sea Surface Salinity dedicated products over the Baltic Sea V. González-Gambau et al.
- Estimation of sea surface salinity from MODIS-Aqua data in the northern South China Sea H. Ye et al.
- Impact of ocean data assimilation on climate predictions with ICON-ESM H. Pohlmann et al.
- Evaluation of SMOS L4 Sea Surface Salinity Product in the Western Iberian Coast B. Biguino et al.
- Sea surface salinity short-term variability in the tropics F. Bingham & S. Brodnitz
- On the global reconstruction of ocean interior variables: a feasibility data-driven study with simulated surface and water column observations A. Garcia-Espriu et al.
- Global sea surface salinity via the synergistic use of SMAP satellite and HYCOM data based on machine learning E. Jang et al.
- Sea Surface Salinity Subfootprint Variability from a Global High-Resolution Model F. Bingham et al.
- Sea surface salinity variability in the western subpolar North Atlantic based on satellite observations R. Hu & J. Zhao
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 06 May 2026
Short summary
After more than 10 years in orbit, the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) European mission is still a unique, high-quality instrument for providing soil moisture over land and sea surface salinity (SSS) over the oceans. At the Barcelona
Expert Center (BEC), a new reprocessing of 9 years (2011–2019) of global SMOS SSS maps has been generated. This work presents the algorithms used in the generation of the BEC global SMOS SSS product v2.0, as well as an extensive quality assessment.
After more than 10 years in orbit, the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) European mission...
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