Articles | Volume 13, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4303-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4303-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Observations of the downwelling far-infrared atmospheric emission at the Zugspitze observatory
National Institute of Optics – CNR-INO, Florence, Italy
Marco Barucci
National Institute of Optics – CNR-INO, Florence, Italy
Claudio Belotti
National Institute of Optics – CNR-INO, Florence, Italy
Giovanni Bianchini
National Institute of Optics – CNR-INO, Florence, Italy
Bertrand Cluzet
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Université de Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS, CNRM, Centre d'Études de la Neige, Grenoble, France
Francesco D'Amato
National Institute of Optics – CNR-INO, Florence, Italy
Samuele Del Bianco
Institute of Applied Physics – CNR-IFAC, Florence, Italy
Gianluca Di Natale
National Institute of Optics – CNR-INO, Florence, Italy
Marco Gai
Institute of Applied Physics – CNR-IFAC, Florence, Italy
Dina Khordakova
Forschungszentrum Jülich, IEK-7, Jülich, Germany
Alessio Montori
National Institute of Optics – CNR-INO, Florence, Italy
Hilke Oetjen
ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, the Netherlands
Markus Rettinger
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, IMK-IFU, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
Christian Rolf
Forschungszentrum Jülich, IEK-7, Jülich, Germany
Dirk Schuettemeyer
ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, the Netherlands
Ralf Sussmann
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, IMK-IFU, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
Silvia Viciani
National Institute of Optics – CNR-INO, Florence, Italy
Hannes Vogelmann
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, IMK-IFU, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
Frank Gunther Wienhold
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Latest update: 12 Mar 2026
Short summary
The FIRMOS far-infrared (IR) prototype, developed for the preparation of the ESA FORUM mission, was deployed for the first time at Mt. Zugspitze at 3000 m altitude to measure the far-IR spectrum of atmospheric emissions. The measurements, including co-located radiometers, lidars, radio soundings, weather, and surface properties, provide a unique dataset to study radiative properties of water vapour, cirrus clouds, and snow emissivity over the IR emissions, including the under-explored far-IR.
The FIRMOS far-infrared (IR) prototype, developed for the preparation of the ESA FORUM mission,...
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