Articles | Volume 13, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3203-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3203-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description article
| 
06 Jul 2021
Data description article |
| 06 Jul 2021
| 06 Jul 2021
A historical reconstruction of cropland in China from 1900 to 2016
Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, Institute of
Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information
Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Xiaobin Jin
School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing
210023, China
Lijuan Miao
School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information
Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Xuhong Yang
School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing
210023, China
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- Critical Role of Land Management Practices in Augmenting China’s Terrestrial Carbon Sink up to 2060 M. Xu et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c03106
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- Millennial land carbon emissions in China offset by carbon sinks of the past four decades W. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-70049-3
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- Increased corn cultivation exacerbated crop residue burning in Northeast China in the 21st century Y. Shang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geosus.2024.09.008
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- Historical land use reconstruction for South Asia: Current understanding, challenges, and solutions S. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104350
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- Global vegetation greenness interannual variability and its evolvement in recent decades Y. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/acd74d
- Comparison and Assessment of Different Land Cover Datasets on the Cropland in Northeast China P. Cui et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15215134
- Reconstruction of cropland distribution in Northeast China from 1700 to 2020: A high-resolution gridded dataset and suitability-based allocation model G. Tan & H. Fang https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2026.108006
- Reconstruction of cropland cover in topographically complex areas: The case of Sichuan Province, China, from 1671 to 2019 F. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2024.104417
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- Spatially Explicit Reconstruction of Cropland Using the Random Forest: A Case Study of the Tuojiang River Basin, China from 1911 to 2010 Q. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10121338
45 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Discrepancies in cropland mapping and their implications for biodiversity conservation in China C. Ou & Y. Liu https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srs.2025.100332
- Comprehensive Representations of Subpixel Land Use and Cover Shares by Fusing Multiple Geospatial Datasets and Statistical Data with Machine-Learning Methods Y. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land13111814
- Reconstruction of Cropland for the Rikaze Area of China Since the Tubo Dynasty (AD 655) H. Pan et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land14050994
- Mapping cropping patterns in the North China Plain over the past 300 years and an analysis of the drivers of change S. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11442-024-2283-2
- Suburban shallow lake primary producer structure and productivity reshaped by climate warming and anthropogenic disturbance: Century-scale sedimentary and socio-environmental multi-proxy evidence C. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114418
- Spatiotemporal dynamics and food security implications of cropland abandonment in China Z. Han et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2025.09.001
- Soybean Production and Spatial Agglomeration in China from 1949 to 2019 W. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11050734
- The impact of spatiotemporal change in cropland use on local urban cereal supply in China X. Ye et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2024.104259
- Critical Role of Land Management Practices in Augmenting China’s Terrestrial Carbon Sink up to 2060 M. Xu et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c03106
- Evapotranspiration increment was underestimated in China due to underrepresented land cover changes X. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad4977
- Millennial land carbon emissions in China offset by carbon sinks of the past four decades W. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-70049-3
- A 28-time-point cropland area change dataset in Northeast China from 1000 to 2020 R. Jia et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4971-2024
- China’s terrestrial ecosystem carbon balance during the 20th century: an analysis with a process-based biogeochemistry model Y. Lu et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13021-022-00215-9
- Turning point of direct N2O emissions in China’s croplands dominated by reduced fertilizer usage since 2015 Z. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2025.109655
- Land use and cover in subtropical East Asia and Southeast Asia from 1700 to 2018 F. Mao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104157
- Evaluation of gridded cropland phosphorus budget and use efficiency in China S. You et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122974
- Investigating the ability of state-of-the-art remote sensing datasets in capturing the spatiotemporal patterns of cropland area: Implications for agricultural monitoring in the largest river basin of China’s arid region Z. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atech.2025.101580
- Increased corn cultivation exacerbated crop residue burning in Northeast China in the 21st century Y. Shang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geosus.2024.09.008
- Reconstruction of annual land cover in China by integrating satellite datasets and national inventories Y. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2026.08.002
- Understanding Urban Growth in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region over the Past 100 Years Using Old Maps and Landsat Data S. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163264
- Water and land use in China's food systems: Exploring potential mitigation strategies W. Shi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2024.12.001
- Regional patterns and mitigation potentials of nitrous oxide emissions from upland soils in eastern China T. Ye et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2026.104929
- ALCC: Temporally Consistent Annual Land Cover Maps over China from 1985 to 2022 Based on an Ensemble Change Detection Method B. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.34133/remotesensing.1029
- Hydroclimatic representativeness and reassessment of the predictive skill to reconstruct precipitation by the Dryness/Wetness Index from Chinese historical documents Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2024.101883
- The estimation method is the primary source of uncertainty in cropland nitrate leaching estimates in China X. Tian et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.08.023
- Forest expansion dominates China’s land carbon sink since 1980 Z. Yu et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32961-2
- Normalized Solar-Induced Fluorescence Responds Earlier Than Vegetation Indices to the 2019 North China Plain Drought Y. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3561216
- Integrated Assessment of the Impact of Cropland Use Transition on Food Production Towards the Sustainable Development of Social–Ecological Systems Y. Liao et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14122851
- A Reconstruction of Irrigated Cropland Extent in China from 2000 to 2019 Using the Synergy of Statistics and Satellite-Based Datasets M. Bai et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11101686
- Annual carbon emissions from land-use change in China from 1000 to 2019 F. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-875-2026
- The evolution of ecological security and its drivers in the Yellow River Basin G. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25667-5
- Reconstruction of Agriculture-Driven Deforestation in Western Hunan Province of China during the 18th Century Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11020181
- Historical land use reconstruction for South Asia: Current understanding, challenges, and solutions S. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104350
- CIrrMap250: annual maps of China's irrigated cropland from 2000 to 2020 developed through multisource data integration L. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5207-2024
- Organic carbon sequestration under straw return: Region-specific modelling framework B. Du et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2026.104757
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- Discerning the process of cultivated land governance transition in China since the reform and opening-up-- Based on the multiple streams framework Y. Dang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2023.106844
- Global vegetation greenness interannual variability and its evolvement in recent decades Y. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/acd74d
- Comparison and Assessment of Different Land Cover Datasets on the Cropland in Northeast China P. Cui et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15215134
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- Reconstruction of cropland cover in topographically complex areas: The case of Sichuan Province, China, from 1671 to 2019 F. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2024.104417
- A global estimate of monthly vegetation and soil fractions from spatiotemporally adaptive spectral mixture analysis during 2001–2022 Q. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1333-2024
- Maximizing carbon sequestration potential in Chinese forests through optimal management Z. Yu et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-47143-5
- Spatially Explicit Reconstruction of Cropland Using the Random Forest: A Case Study of the Tuojiang River Basin, China from 1911 to 2010 Q. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10121338
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 08 Aug 2026
Short summary
We reconstructed the annual, 5 km × 5 km resolution cropland percentage map that covers mainland China and spans from 1900 to 2016. Our results are advantageous, as they reconcile accuracy, temporal coverage, and spatial resolutions. We further examined the cropland shift pattern and its driving factors in China using the reconstructed maps. This work will greatly contribute to the field of global ecology and land surface modeling.
We reconstructed the annual, 5 km × 5 km resolution cropland percentage map that covers...
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