Articles | Volume 6, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-6-69-2014
© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-6-69-2014
© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Review article
| 
07 Mar 2014
Review article |
| 07 Mar 2014
An update to the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT version 2)
D. C. E. Bakker
Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
B. Pfeil
Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
K. Smith
Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, USA
S. Hankin
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, USA
Uni Climate, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway
Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
S. R. Alin
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, USA
C. Cosca
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, USA
S. Harasawa
National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
A. Kozyr
Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
Y. Nojiri
National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
K. M. O'Brien
Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, USA
U. Schuster
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
formerly at: School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
M. Telszewski
International Ocean Carbon Coordination Project, Institute of Oceanology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Sopot, Poland
B. Tilbrook
Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Hobart, Australia
CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Hobart, Australia
C. Wada
National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
J. Akl
CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Hobart, Australia
L. Barbero
Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, Rosenstiel School for Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
N. R. Bates
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, Ferry Reach, Bermuda
J. Boutin
Sorbonne Universités (UPMC, Univ Paris 06), CNRS, IRD, MNHN, LOCEAN Laboratory, Paris, France
Y. Bozec
Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR7144, Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, SBR, Roscoff, France
CNRS, UMR 7144, Equipe Chimie Marine, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
W.-J. Cai
School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
R. D. Castle
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida, USA
F. P. Chavez
Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California, USA
L. Chen
Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration, Beijing, P. R. China
Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine-Atmospheric Chemistry, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, P. R. China
M. Chierici
Institute of Marine Research, Tromsø, Norway
Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
K. Currie
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Dunedin, New Zealand
H. J. W. de Baar
Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, the Netherlands
W. Evans
Ocean Acidification Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, USA
R. A. Feely
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, USA
A. Fransson
Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway
Z. Gao
Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine-Atmospheric Chemistry, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, P. R. China
B. Hales
College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
N. J. Hardman-Mountford
CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Floreat, WA, Australia
M. Hoppema
Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
W.-J. Huang
School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
C. W. Hunt
Ocean Process Analysis Laboratory, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
B. Huss
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida, USA
T. Ichikawa
National Research Institute for Fisheries Science, Fisheries Research Agency, Yokohama, Japan
T. Johannessen
Uni Climate, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway
Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
E. M. Jones
Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
S. D. Jones
Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
S. Jutterström
IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Gothenburg, Sweden
V. Kitidis
Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, UK
A. Körtzinger
GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
P. Landschützer
Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
S. K. Lauvset
Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
N. Lefèvre
LaboMar, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
IRD, Sorbonne Universités (UPMC, Univ Paris 06), CNRS, MNHN, LOCEAN Laboratory, Paris, France
A. B. Manke
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, USA
J. T. Mathis
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, USA
L. Merlivat
Sorbonne Universités (UPMC, Univ Paris 06), CNRS, IRD, MNHN, LOCEAN Laboratory, Paris, France
N. Metzl
Sorbonne Universités (UPMC, Univ Paris 06), CNRS, IRD, MNHN, LOCEAN Laboratory, Paris, France
A. Murata
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuda, Japan
T. Newberger
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
A. M. Omar
Uni Climate, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway
Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
National Research Institute for Fisheries Science, Fisheries Research Agency, Yokohama, Japan
G.-H. Park
East Sea Research Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Uljin, Korea
K. Paterson
CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Hobart, Australia
D. Pierrot
Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, Rosenstiel School for Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
A. F. Ríos
Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas de Vigo, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Vigo, Spain
C. L. Sabine
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, USA
S. Saito
Marine Division, Global Environment and Marine Department, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo, Japan
J. Salisbury
Ocean Process Analysis Laboratory, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
V. V. S. S. Sarma
National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Visakhapatnam, India
R. Schlitzer
Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
R. Sieger
Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
I. Skjelvan
Uni Climate, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway
Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
T. Steinhoff
GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
K. F. Sullivan
Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, Rosenstiel School for Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
H. Sun
Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine-Atmospheric Chemistry, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, P. R. China
A. J. Sutton
Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, USA
T. Suzuki
Marine Information Research Center, Japan Hydrographic Association, Tokyo, Japan
C. Sweeney
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
T. Takahashi
Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA
J. Tjiputra
Uni Climate, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway
Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
N. Tsurushima
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
S. M. A. C. van Heuven
Centre for Isotope Research, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
D. Vandemark
Ocean Process Analysis Laboratory, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
P. Vlahos
Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, Connecticut, USA
D. W. R. Wallace
Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
R. Wanninkhof
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida, USA
A. J. Watson
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
formerly at: School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
Abstract. The Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT), an activity of the international marine carbon research community, provides access to synthesis and gridded fCO2 (fugacity of carbon dioxide) products for the surface oceans. Version 2 of SOCAT is an update of the previous release (version 1) with more data (increased from 6.3 million to 10.1 million surface water fCO2 values) and extended data coverage (from 1968–2007 to 1968–2011). The quality control criteria, while identical in both versions, have been applied more strictly in version 2 than in version 1. The SOCAT website (http://www.socat.info/) has links to quality control comments, metadata, individual data set files, and synthesis and gridded data products. Interactive online tools allow visitors to explore the richness of the data. Applications of SOCAT include process studies, quantification of the ocean carbon sink and its spatial, seasonal, year-to-year and longerterm variation, as well as initialisation or validation of ocean carbon models and coupled climate-carbon models.
Data coverage
Repository-References: Individual data set files and synthesis product: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.811776
Gridded products: doi:10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.SOCAT_V2_GRID
Available at: http://www.socat.info/
Coverage: 79° S to 90° N; 180° W to 180° E
Location Name: Global Oceans and Coastal Seas
Date/Time Start: 16 November 1968
Date/Time End: 26 December 2011
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How to cite. Bakker, D. C. E., Pfeil, B., Smith, K., Hankin, S., Olsen, A., Alin, S. R., Cosca, C., Harasawa, S., Kozyr, A., Nojiri, Y., O'Brien, K. M., Schuster, U., Telszewski, M., Tilbrook, B., Wada, C., Akl, J., Barbero, L., Bates, N. R., Boutin, J., Bozec, Y., Cai, W.-J., Castle, R. D., Chavez, F. P., Chen, L., Chierici, M., Currie, K., de Baar, H. J. W., Evans, W., Feely, R. A., Fransson, A., Gao, Z., Hales, B., Hardman-Mountford, N. J., Hoppema, M., Huang, W.-J., Hunt, C. W., Huss, B., Ichikawa, T., Johannessen, T., Jones, E. M., Jones, S. D., Jutterström, S., Kitidis, V., Körtzinger, A., Landschützer, P., Lauvset, S. K., Lefèvre, N., Manke, A. B., Mathis, J. T., Merlivat, L., Metzl, N., Murata, A., Newberger, T., Omar, A. M., Ono, T., Park, G.-H., Paterson, K., Pierrot, D., Ríos, A. F., Sabine, C. L., Saito, S., Salisbury, J., Sarma, V. V. S. S., Schlitzer, R., Sieger, R., Skjelvan, I., Steinhoff, T., Sullivan, K. F., Sun, H., Sutton, A. J., Suzuki, T., Sweeney, C., Takahashi, T., Tjiputra, J., Tsurushima, N., van Heuven, S. M. A. C., Vandemark, D., Vlahos, P., Wallace, D. W. R., Wanninkhof, R., and Watson, A. J.: An update to the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT version 2), Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 6, 69–90, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-6-69-2014, 2014.
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