Articles | Volume 17, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-4063-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-4063-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Data description paper
| 
22 Aug 2025
Data description paper |
| 22 Aug 2025
| 22 Aug 2025
A comprehensive integrated macroseismic dataset from multiple earthquake studies
Andrea Tertulliani
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Rome, Italy
Andrea Antonucci
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Milan, Italy
Filippo Bernardini
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Bologna, Italy
Viviana Castelli
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Bologna, Italy
Emanuela Ercolani
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Bologna, Italy
Laura Graziani
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Rome, Italy
Alessandra Maramai
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Rome, Italy
Martina Orlando
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Rome, Italy
Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma TRE, Rome, Italy
Antonio Rossi
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Rome, Italy
Tiziana Tuvè
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Etneo, Catania, Italy
Related authors
Fabrizio Marra, Alberto Frepoli, Dario Gioia, Marcello Schiattarella, Andrea Tertulliani, Monica Bini, Gaetano De Luca, and Marco Luppichini
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 2445–2457, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-2445-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-2445-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Through the analysis of the morphostructural setting in which the seismicity of Rome is framed, we explain why the city should not expect to suffer damage from a big earthquake.
Andrea Rovida, Mario Locati, Andrea Antonucci, and Romano Camassi
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 3109–3124, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-3109-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-3109-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
ASMI, the Italian Archive of Historical Earthquake Data, is an online data collection that currently provides seismological data on earthquakes that occurred in and around Italy from from 461 BCE to 2025 CE. Based on more than 450 data sources, ASMI's web portal distributes earthquake parameters and macroseismic intensity data, along with the bibliographical reference of the data source and – if possible – the data source itself, through queries by both earthquake and data source.
Andrea Antonucci, Andrea Rovida, Vera D'Amico, and Dario Albarello
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1805–1816, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1805-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1805-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The earthquake effects undocumented at 228 Italian localities were calculated through a probabilistic approach starting from the values obtained through the use of an intensity prediction equation, taking into account the intensity data documented at close localities for a given earthquake. The results showed some geographical dependencies and correlations with the intensity levels investigated.
Andrea Rovida, Andrea Antonucci, and Mario Locati
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5213–5231, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5213-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5213-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
EPICA is the 1000–1899 catalogue compiled for the European Seismic Hazard Model 2020 and contains 5703 earthquakes with Mw ≥ 4.0. It relies on the data of the European Archive of Historical Earthquake Data (AHEAD), both macroseismic intensities from historical seismological studies and parameters from regional catalogues. For each earthquake, the most representative datasets were selected and processed in order to derive harmonised parameters, both from intensity data and parametric catalogues.
Fabrizio Marra, Alberto Frepoli, Dario Gioia, Marcello Schiattarella, Andrea Tertulliani, Monica Bini, Gaetano De Luca, and Marco Luppichini
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 2445–2457, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-2445-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-2445-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Through the analysis of the morphostructural setting in which the seismicity of Rome is framed, we explain why the city should not expect to suffer damage from a big earthquake.
Micol Todesco, Emanuela Ercolani, Flaminia Brasini, Delia Modonesi, Vera Pessina, Rosella Nave, and Romano Camassi
Geosci. Commun., 5, 205–219, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-5-205-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-5-205-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
How do kids imagine the onset and outcome of a volcanic eruption? A workshop proposed for schools tries to answer this question by collecting stories and drawings done by kids (aged 6–13). The eruption they have in mind is an excellent starting point for building classroom conversations about volcanic risk and its mitigation. Concurrently, the workshop provided us with valuable hints to improve educational materials and lesson plans to account for kids’ knowledge and beliefs.
Andrea Antonucci, Andrea Rovida, Vera D'Amico, and Dario Albarello
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 2299–2311, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2299-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2299-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present a probabilistic approach for integrating incomplete intensity distributions by means of the Bayesian combination of estimates provided by intensity prediction equations (IPEs) and data documented at nearby localities, accounting for the relevant uncertainties. The performance of the proposed methodology is tested at 28 Italian localities with long and rich seismic histories and for the strong 1980 and 2009 earthquakes in Italy. An application of this approach is also illustrated.
Cited articles
Azzaro, R., D'Amico, S., Mostaccio, A., Scarfì, L., and Tuvè, T.: Terremoti con effetti macrosismici in Sicilia orientale nel periodo Gennaio 2002–Dicembre 2005, Quaderni di Geofisica, 41, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Roma, 62 pp., 2006 (in Italian).
Azzaro, R. and D'Amico, S.: Catalogo Macrosismico dei Terremoti Etnei (CMTE), 1633–2023, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), https://doi.org/10.13127/cmte, 2014.
Bernardini, F. and Ercolani, E.: Rilievo macrosismico del terremoto dell'Appennino Tosco-Romagnolo (Mw = 4.9) del 18 settembre 2023 – ore 5:10 locali, Rapporto finale del 2 ottobre 2023, QUEST-INGV [data set], https://www.earth-prints.org/handle/2122/16564 (last access: May 2025), 2023.
Bosi, V., Galli, P., Gallipoli, M. R., Del Mese, S., Massucci, A., Rossi, A., Camassi, R., Ercolani, E., Piccarreda, C., Bernardini, F., Tertulliani, A., Vecchi, M., Maramai, A., and Mucciarelli, M.: Rilievo degli effetti prodotti dalla sequenza sismica molisana dell'ottobre-novembre 2002, Rapporto tecnico QUEST, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Roma, 13 pp. https://doi.org/10.13127/QUEST/20021031, 2002 (in Italian).
Bottari, A., Lo Giudice, E., and Spadea, M. C.: Critical considerations on the evaluation of macroseismic effects, Ann. Geophys., 33, 261–280, https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-4708, 1980.
Camassi, R., Azzaro, R., and Tertulliani, A.: Macroseismology: the lessons we have learnt from the 1997/98 Colfiorito seismic sequence, Ann. Geophys., 51, 331–342, 2008.
Camassi, R., Galli, P., Tertulliani, A., Castenetto, S., Lucantoni, A., Molin, D., Naso, G., Peronace, E., Bernardini, F., Castelli, V., Cavaliere, A., Ercolani, E., Salimbeni, S., Tripone, D., Vannucci, G., Arcoraci, L., Berardi, M., Castellano, C., Del Mese, S., Graziani, L., Leschiutta, I., Maramai, A., Massucci, A., Rossi, A., Vecchi, M., Azzaro, R., D'Amico, S., Ferrari, F., Mostaccio, N., Platania, R., Scarfì, L., Tuvé, T., Zuccarello, L., Carlino, S., Marturano, A., Albini, P., Capera, A. G., Locati, M., Meroni, F., Pessina, V., Piccarreda, C., Rovida, A., Stucchi, M., Buffarini, G., Paolini, S., Verrubbi, V., Mucciarelli, M., Gallipoli, M.R., Barbano, M. S., Cecic, I., and Godec, M.: Macroseismic investigation: methodology, earthquake parameters, unresolved issues, Progettazione Sismica, 03 Special Issue, 47–53, 2009.
Castellano, C., Del Mese, S., Fodarella, A., Graziani, L., Maramai, A., Tertulliani, A., and Verrubbi, V.: Quest- Rilievo Macrosismico per i terremoti del Molise del 14 e 16 agosto 2018, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1405385, 2018.
D'Amico, S, Tuvè, T., and Mantovani A.: New relationships between macroseismic intensity and local magnitude for the volcanic region of Mt. Etna (Italy), J. Seismol., 29, 305–315, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-024-10274-9, 2025.
Del Mese, S., Graziani, L., Meroni, F., Pessina, V., and Tertulliani, A.: Considerations on using MCS and EMS-98 macroseismic scales for the intensity assessment of contemporary Italian earthquakes, Bull. Earthq. Eng., 21, 4167–4189 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-023-01703-0, 2023.
Esposito, E., Guerra, I., Marturano, A., Luongo, G., and Porfido, S.: Il terremoto dell'8 gennaio 1988 (ML=4.1) in Calabria Settentrionale, Atti del 7° Convegno Annuale del GNGTS, 3, 1637–1646, 1988 (in Italian).
Favali, P., Giovani, L., Spadea, M. C., and Vecchi, M.: Il terremoto della Valnerina del 19 Settembre 1979. Indagine macrosismica, Ann. Geophys., 33, 67–100, https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-4696, 1980 (in Italian).
Gasparini, C., De Rubeis, V., and Tertulliani, A.: A method for the analysis of macroseismic questionnaires, Nat. Hazards 5, 169–177, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00127004, 1992.
Gasparini, C., Anzidei, M., Maramai, A., Murru, M., Riguzzi, F., Tertulliani, A., Cardoni, M., Del Mese, S., Vannucci, C., Vecchi, M., and Massucci, A.: Bollettino macrosismico 1987, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica, Roma, 47 pp., https://emidius.mi.ingv.it/ASMI/study/BMING988 (last access: June 2025), 1988.
Gasparini, C., Tertulliani, A., Riguzzi, F., Anzidei, M., Maramai, A., Murru, M., De Rubeis, V., Vecchi, M., Del Mese, S., Vannucci, C., Conte, S., Massucci, A., and Saraceni, A. M.: Bollettino macrosismico 1991, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica, Roma, 285 pp., https://emidius.mi.ingv.it/ASMI/study/BMING994 (last access: June 2025), 1994 (in Italian).
Gasparini, C., Conte, S., Rocchetti, E., Saraceni, A. M., and Vannucci, C.: Bollettino macrosismico 1999, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica, Roma [data set], 99 pp., 2003.
Gasparini, C., Conte, S., and Vannucci, C. (Eds.): Bollettino macrosismico 2001–2005, CD-ROM, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Roma [data set], 2011.
Gasperini, P., Bernardini, F., Valensise, G., and Boschi, E.: Defining seismogenic sources from historical earthquake felt reports, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 89, 94–110, 1999.
Gasperini, P., Vannucci, G., Tripone, D., and Boschi, E.: The Location and Sizing of Historical Earthquakes Using the Attenuation of Macroseismic Intensity with Distance, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 100, 2035–2066, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120090330, 2010.
Graziani, L., Tertulliani, A., Maramai, A., Rossi, A., and Arcoraci, L.: The 7 and 11 May, 1984 earthquakes in Abruzzo-Latium (Central Italy): reappraisal of the existing macroseismic datasets according to the EMS98, J. Seismol., 21, 1219–1227, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-017-9663-3, 2017.
Grünthal, G. (Ed.): European Macroseismic Scale 1998, Vol. 13, Conseil de l'Europe, Cahiers du Centre Européen de Géodynamique et de Séismologie, Luxembourg, Luxembourg, 99 pp., ISBN N2-87977-008-4, 1998.
Guidoboni, E., Ferrari, G., Mariotti, D., Comastri, A., Tarabusi, G., Sgattoni, G., and Valensise, G.: CFTI5Med, Catalogo dei Forti Terremoti in Italia (461 a.C.–1997) e nell’area Mediterranea (760 a.C.–1500), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) [data set], https://doi.org/10.6092/ingv.it-cfti5, 2018.
Locati, M., Camassi, R., Rovida, A., Ercolani, E., Bernardini, F., Castelli, V., Caracciolo, C. H., Tertulliani, A., Rossi, A., Azzaro, R., D'Amico, S., and Antonucci, A.: Italian Macroseismic Database (DBMI15), version 4.0, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) [data set], https://doi.org/10.13127/dbmi/dbmi15.4, 2022.
Medvedev, S. V., Sponheuer, W., and Karnik, V.: Seismic intensity scale version MSK 1964, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Soviet Geophysical Committee, Moscow, 1965.
Molin, D.: Rilievo macrosismico in emergenza, Technical Report, Dipartimento della Protezione Civile, Ufficio III, Valutazione, prevenzione e mitigazione del rischio sismico, Roma, 2009 (in Italian).
Musson, R. M. W., Grünthal, G., and Stucchi, M.: The comparison of macroseismic intensity scales, J. Seismol., 14, 413–428, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-009-9172-0, 2010.
Orlando, M., Tertulliani, A., Antonucci, A., Bernardini, F., Castelli, V., Ercolani, E., Graziani, L., Maramai, A., Rossi, A., and Tuvè, T.: An approach for the integration of macroseismic datasets of different nature: application to the Parametric Catalogue of Italian Earthquakes (CPTI15), 39th ESC Assembly, Corfù, 2024.
Quitoriano, V. and Wald, D. J.: USGS “Did You Feel It?” – Science and lessons from 20 years of citizen science-based macroseismology, Front. Earth Sci., 8, p. 120, https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.00120, 2020.
Rovida, A., Locati, M., Antonucci, A., and Camassi, R.: Archivio Storico Macrosismico Italiano (ASMI), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) [data set], https://doi.org/10.13127/asmi, 2017.
Rovida, A., Locati, M., Camassi, R., Lolli, B., and Gasperini, P.: The Italian earthquake catalogue CPTI15, B. Earthq. Eng., 18, 2953–2984, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-020-00818-y, 2020.
Rovida, A., Locati, M., Camassi, R., Lolli, B., Gasperini, P., and Antonucci, A.: Italian Parametric Earthquake Catalogue (CPTI15), version 4.0, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) [data set], https://doi.org/10.13127/cpti/cpti15.4, 2022.
Rovida, A., Locati, M., Antonucci, A., and Camassi, R.: The Italian Archive of Historical Earthquake Data, ASMI, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-467, in review, 2024.
Sbarra, P., Tosi, P., and De Rubeis, V.: Web-based macroseismic survey in Italy: Method validation and results, Nat. Hazards, 54, 563–581, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-009-9488-7, 2010.
Sbarra, P., Tosi, P., De Rubeis, V., and Sorrentino, D.: Quantification of earthquake diagnostic effects to assess low macroseismic intensities, Nat. Hazards, 104, 1957–1973, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-020-04256-6, 2020.
Spadea, M. C., Vecchi, M., and Del Mese, S.: Bollettino macrosismico 1981, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica, Roma, 10 pp., 1983.
Spadea, M. C., Vecchi, M., and Del Mese, S.: Bollettino macrosismico 1982, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica, Roma, 23 pp., 1984.
Spadea, M. C., Vecchi, M., and Del Mese, S.: Bollettino macrosismico 1983, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica, Roma, 25 pp., 1985.
Sieberg, A.: Die Erdbeben. In: Handbuch der Geophysik, edited by: Gutenberg, B., Erdbeben, Sect. V. Gebrüder Bornträger, Berlin, 527–686, 1932.
Tertulliani, A. and Donati, S.: A macroseismic network of schools for the collection of earthquake effects in a large city, Seismol. Res. Lett., 71, 536–543, 2000.
Tertulliani, A., Cecić, I., Meurers, R., Sović, I., Kaiser, D., Grünthal, G., Pazdirkova, J., C. Sira, Guterch, B., Kysel, R., Camelbeeck, T., Lecocq, and Szanyi, T. G.: The 6 May 1976 Friuli earthquake: re-evaluation and unification of transnational macroseismic data, Boll. Geofis. Teor. App., 59, 417–444, https://doi.org/10.4430/bgta0234, 2018.
Tertulliani, A., Antonucci, A., Bernardini, F., Castelli, V., Ercolani, E., Graziani, L., Maramai, A., Orlando, M., Rossi, A., and Tuvè, T.: Macroseismic intensity data related to 45 Italian earthquakes from 1985 to 2006, Archivio Storico Macrosismico Italiano [data set], https://doi.org/10.13127/macroseismic/teral024, 2024.
Vannucci, G., Lolli B., and Gasperini P.: Inhomogeneity of Macroseismic Intensities in Italy and Consequences for Macroseismic Magnitude Estimation, Seismol. Res. Lett., 92, 2234–2244, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220200273, 2021.
Short summary
We present the results of a rapid and reliable study of 45 Italian earthquakes characterized by datasets with potential inconsistencies or inhomogeneities. The used methodology obviates the need for exhaustive earthquake re-evaluation, and it is particularly effective for the updating of medium and low events, with a large amount of low-intensity data. The result is a new dataset very useful in improving “seismic histories” and in contributing to the enhancement of the seismic hazard of an area.
We present the results of a rapid and reliable study of 45 Italian earthquakes characterized by...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint