Articles | Volume 17, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-317-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-317-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Climate change risks illustrated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) “burning embers”
Philippe Marbaix
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Division of Thermodynamics and Fluid Dynamics, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain la Neuve, Belgium
Faculty of Economic, Social and Political Sciences and Communication, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain la Neuve, Belgium
Department of Geography, University of Liège, Belgium
Alexandre K. Magnan
Cawthron Institute, Whakatū / Nelson, Aotearoa / New Zealand
Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations, Sciences-Po, Paris, France
World Adaptation Science Programme, United Nations Environment Programme (Secretariat), Nairobi, Kenya
Veruska Muccione
Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
Peter W. Thorne
ICARUS Climate Research Centre, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
Zinta Zommers
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, New York, United States
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Cited
13 citations as recorded by crossref.
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- Assessing spatiotemporal dynamics and hydroclimatic extremes in humid tropical mountain rivers of the Western Ghats, India C. Krishna & V. K https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2026.104385
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13 citations as recorded by crossref.
- County-level Agricultural Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Scenario Simulation in Hunan Province, China J. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11769-025-1526-1
- Research on low-carbon energy-saving technical solutions for office buildings in Chengdu, China N. Han et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/01430750.2026.2616524
- The importance of recognizing opportunities in climate change impacts T. Carter https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-026-02626-9
- Examination of the evolution and influencing factors of flow and sediment processes in an inland river basin of agro-pastoral ecotone amidst environmental changes W. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.115214
- Assessing spatiotemporal dynamics and hydroclimatic extremes in humid tropical mountain rivers of the Western Ghats, India C. Krishna & V. K https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2026.104385
- A multivariate framework to quantify propagation characteristics from soil drought to socio-ecological productivity C. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.103080
- Climate Change Risk and Livelihood Vulnerability Assessment in Coastal Communities in Tanga and Pwani Regions of Tanzania B. Mchomvu et al. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2025.144031
- Climate change and global energy transformation: The role of renewable energy and electric vehicles A. Al-Shetwi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181521
- Normal Distribution-Based Three-Stage Empirical Teaching Optimization for PV Parameter Extraction B. Ning et al. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJSIR.384608
- Enhancing municipal climate adaptation: Evaluating communication strategies in Lithuanian cities M. Mačiulienė et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ubtr.2026.100027
- A climate risk management typology: Integrating approaches to reduce risk C. Hyslop et al. https://doi.org/10.1177/29768659251377869
- Carbon accounting, governance, and corporate carbon performance: evidence from Bangladesh M. Rahman et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-02337-9
- Urban and Peri-Urban Ecosystem Functions Under Climate Change: From Empirical Analysis to Adaptation and Mitigation Planning M. Prokopová et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land15040569
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 18 Aug 2026
Short summary
Since 2001, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has used burning-ember diagrams to show how risks increase with global warming. We bring these data into a harmonized framework available through an online Climate Risks Embers Explorer. Without high levels of adaptation, most risks reach a high level around 2 to 2.3 °C of global warming. Improvements in future reports could include systematic collection of explanatory information and broader coverage of regions and adaptation.
Since 2001, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has used burning-ember diagrams...
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