Articles | Volume 17, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1121-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1121-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Global greenhouse gas reconciliation 2022
Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Institute for Climate and Carbon Neutrality, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Philippe Ciais
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, IPSL, CEA–CNRS–UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Liting Hu
College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Adrien Martinez
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, IPSL, CEA–CNRS–UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Marielle Saunois
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, IPSL, CEA–CNRS–UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Rona L. Thompson
NILU, Kjeller, Norway
Kushal Tibrewal
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, IPSL, CEA–CNRS–UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Wouter Peters
Meteorology and Air Quality Department, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
Energy and Sustainability Research Institute Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
Brendan Byrne
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
Giacomo Grassi
European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
Paul I. Palmer
National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Ingrid T. Luijkx
Meteorology and Air Quality Department, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Junjie Liu
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
Xuekun Fang
College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Tengjiao Wang
Institute of Blue and Green Development, Shandong University, Weihai, China
Hanqin Tian
Center for Earth System Science and Global Sustainability, Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and Society, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
Katsumasa Tanaka
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, IPSL, CEA–CNRS–UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
Ana Bastos
Institute for Earth System Science and Remote Sensing, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
Stephen Sitch
Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
Benjamin Poulter
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Biospheric Sciences Laboratory, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
Clément Albergel
European Space Agency Climate Office, ECSAT, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK
Aki Tsuruta
Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, 00101, Helsinki, Finland
Shamil Maksyutov
Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
Rajesh Janardanan
Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
Yosuke Niwa
Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
Department of Climate and Geochemistry Research, Meteorological Research Institute (MRI), Nagamine 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing, 100084, China
Joël Thanwerdas
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
Dmitry Belikov
Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
Arjo Segers
TNO, Department of Air Quality and Emissions Research, P.O. Box 80015, 3508-TA, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Frédéric Chevallier
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, IPSL, CEA–CNRS–UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Latest update: 19 Mar 2025
Short summary
This study reconciles national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories with updated atmospheric inversion results to evaluate discrepancies for three principal GHG fluxes at the national level. Compared to our previous study, new satellite-based CO2 inversions were included and an updated mask of managed lands was used, improving agreement for Brazil and Canada. The proposed methodology can be regularly applied as a check to assess the gap between top-down inversions and bottom-up inventories.
This study reconciles national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories with updated atmospheric...
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