MOISE station: Monthly environmental monitoring in the Southwestern lagoon of New Caledonia

Abstract. From July 2012 to December 2024, in the Southwestern lagoon of New Caledonia, the MOISE station (https://www.mio.osupytheas.fr/fr/moise-mouillage-lagonaire-instrumente-suivi-biogeochimique/, last access 26/08/2025) was surveyed with moored instruments and monthly visits providing unique long time series of hydrological and biogeochemical measurements in approximately 10m depth. The MOISE program objective was to characterize lagoon environmental variability across monthly, seasonal, and interannual timescales at a site potentially impacted by river outputs. Here we provided a 13-year quality-controlled dataset with vertical profiles of temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll-adjusted fluorescence from CTDs and continuous currents from a moored 600 kHz Acoustic Doppler Current Profile (ADCP).
This site represents the unique location in New Caledonia lagoon to deliver an extended multi-parameter time series of  long-term monitoring of the lagoon’s environmental state and circulation dynamics. The length of the time series allowed the depiction of the ENSO impact (El Niño-Southern Oscillation) on the interannual variability. A clear seasonal cycle was also observed, with higher chlorophyll during austral summer when temperatures are highest, salinity lowest and wind-driven currents strongest and predominantly directed toward the west-northwest. MOISE data further highlight the strong influence of extreme events such as tropical cyclones, tropical depressions and heavy rainfall, on the lagoon, which can induce temporary stratification of the water column that is otherwise generally homogeneous. 
The dataset was post processed, quality controlled and is available in netcdf on SEANOE in open access (SEA ScieNtific Open data Edition) at the following DOI : https://doi.org/10.17882/98821.