Preprints
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-183
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-183
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
23 Apr 2026
| 23 Apr 2026
Status: this preprint is currently under review for the journal ESSD.
Weather station data from the Mount Everest region, Nepal: 3,810-8,810 m above sea level
Abstract. The National Geographic Rolex Perpetual Planet Everest expeditions 2019–2022 installed a network of Automatic Weather Stations (AWSs) to improve understanding of the climate at high altitudes in the Nepal Himalaya. This knowledge is critical in the Mount Everest (Khumbu) region, due to its extreme altitude, popularity amongst trekkers and mountaineers, and its importance as a source of freshwater for downstream communities. Here we present quality controlled (QC) meteorological data from six AWSs from Phortse (3,810 m above sea level, m asl) to Bishop Rock (8,810 m asl) in the Everest region, including the seasonal climatology, and a comparison with ERA5 reanalysis data from the South Col AWS. The data is accessible from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18849098.
How to cite. Khadka, A., Perry, L. B., Matthews, T., Sherpa, T. G., Shrestha, C. B., Shrestha, D., Aryal, D., Tuladhar, S., Pradhananga, N., Kayastha, D., Raichle, B., Athans, P., Sherpa, D. Y., Garrett, K., Wheeler, G., Young, T., and Elmore, A.: Weather station data from the Mount Everest region, Nepal: 3,810-8,810 m above sea level, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-183, in review, 2026.
Publisher's note: Copernicus Publications remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims made in the text, published maps, institutional affiliations, or any other geographical representation in this paper. While Copernicus Publications makes every effort to include appropriate place names, the final responsibility lies with the authors. Views expressed in the text are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher.
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AWS data from the Mount Everest region Arbindra Khadka et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18849099
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Arbindra Khadka
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Central Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, IGE, Grenoble, France
L. Baker Perry
Department of Geography (Climatology), University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
Research Institute for Environment, Energy, and Economics, Department of Sustainable Technology & the Built Environment, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina
Tom Matthews
Department of Geography, King’s College London, London, UK
Tenzing Gyalzen Sherpa
Khumbu Climbing Centre, Phortse, Nepal
Chitra Bahadur Shrestha
Central Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
Dibas Shrestha
Central Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
Deepak Aryal
Central Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
Subash Tuladhar
Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, Nepal
Niraj Pradhananga
Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, Nepal
Dinkar Kayastha
Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, Nepal
Brian Raichle
Research Institute for Environment, Energy, and Economics, Department of Sustainable Technology & the Built Environment, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina
Peter Athans
The North Face, Alameda, California
Dawa Yangzum Sherpa
The North Face, Alameda, California
Keith Garrett
Mount Washington Observatory, North Conway, New Hampshire, USA
Garrett Wheeler
Campbell Scientific, Logan, Utah, USA
Tom Young
RM Young, Traverse City, Michigan, USA
Aurora Elmore
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Maryland, USA
Short summary
We installed six automatic weather stations from 3,810 m to 8,810 m on Mount Everest region to better understand weather conditions at high altitudes. These measurements reveal how temperature, humidity, and wind changes with height and season. Our results show differences between observations and widely used ERA5 datasets. This improved knowledge helps scientists better understand mountain weather and climate, climate change and supports water resource planning for communities downstream.
We installed six automatic weather stations from 3,810 m to 8,810 m on Mount Everest region to...
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