The biogeography of relative abundance of soil fungi and bacteria in top surface soil
- 1Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- 2Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- 3Department of Biology, Stanford University, California, USA
- 4Biology Department, John Carroll University, Ohio, USA
- 5Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- 6College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, PR China
- 7U.S. Geological Survey. Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center. Menlo Park, California, USA
- 8State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- 9University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- 10Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- 11Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- 12Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- 13Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Frankfurt, Germay
- 14CEBAS-CSIC. Department of Soil and Water Conservation. Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
- 15Kansas Biological Survey and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- 16The Nature Conservancy, Nachusa Grasslands, Franklin Grove, IL, USA
- 17Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology, CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Shenyang, PR China
- 18State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- 19Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- 20Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, Netherlands
- 21Biometris, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- 22Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan, Netherlands
- 23School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
- 24Interface Geochemistry, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
- 1Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- 2Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- 3Department of Biology, Stanford University, California, USA
- 4Biology Department, John Carroll University, Ohio, USA
- 5Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- 6College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, PR China
- 7U.S. Geological Survey. Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center. Menlo Park, California, USA
- 8State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- 9University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- 10Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- 11Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- 12Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- 13Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Frankfurt, Germay
- 14CEBAS-CSIC. Department of Soil and Water Conservation. Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
- 15Kansas Biological Survey and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- 16The Nature Conservancy, Nachusa Grasslands, Franklin Grove, IL, USA
- 17Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology, CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Shenyang, PR China
- 18State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- 19Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- 20Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, Netherlands
- 21Biometris, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- 22Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan, Netherlands
- 23School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
- 24Interface Geochemistry, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Abstract. Fungi and bacteria are the two dominant groups of soil microbial communities worldwide. By controlling the turnover of soil organic matter, these organisms directly regulate the exchange of carbon between the soil and the atmosphere. Fundamental differences in the physiology and life history of bacteria and fungi suggest that variation in the biogeography of soil fungal and bacterial relative abundance could drive striking differences in carbon decomposition and soil organic matter formation across different biomes. However, a lack of global and predictive information on the distribution of these organisms in terrestrial ecosystems has prevented the inclusion of soil fungal and bacterial relative abundance and the associated processes into global biogeochemical models. Here, we used a global scale dataset in the top soil surface (>3000 distinct observations of soil fungal and bacterial abundance) to generate the first quantitative and spatially high resolution (1 km) explicit map of soil fungal proportion, defined as fungi/fungi + bacteria, across terrestrial ecosystems. We reveal striking latitudinal trends where fungal dominance increases in cold and high latitude environments with large soil carbon stocks. There was strong non-linear response of fungal dominance to environmental gradient, i.e., mean annual temperature (MAT) and net primary productivity (NPP). Fungi and bacteria dominated in regions with low and high MAT and NPP, respectively, thus representing slow vs. fast soil energy channels, a concept with a long history in soil ecology. These high-resolution models provide the first steps towards representing the major soil microbial groups and their functional differences in global biogeochemical models to improve predictions of soil organic matter turnover under current and future climate scenarios. Raw datasets and global maps generated in this study are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.19556419 (Yu, 2022).
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Kailiang Yu et al.
Status: open (until 25 Jun 2022)
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RC1: 'Comment on essd-2022-128', Anonymous Referee #1, 02 May 2022
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Yu et al. generated the first high-resolution (1 km) explicit maps of soil fungal and bacterial relative abundance based on a dataset with more than three thousand observations by PLFA method. Besides the more data points, I believe the non-linear map is more accurate than previous linear one. Overall, the MS conducted a good work on data collection, statistic analysis, results presentation, and mechanism interpretation. This map is important for microbial representation in Earth System Models together with previous global map of microbial biomass. Here, I just have the following two very minor comments on this study.
P5 L157-161: The study used several global map layers of soil physical, chemical and nutrient properties, climate conditions, vegetative indices, radiation and topographic variables and anthropogenic covariates. Which dataset was used? I can not find the Supplementary Table 1 in the SUPPORTING ONLINE MATERIAL. If these 95 covariates were generated by the authors’ previous works? If not, I suggest that the author should provide the references.
P11 L295 & P12 L318-320: The current dataset gathered in China, USA, and Europe. Therefore, besides tropical regions, more works was also needed in boreal forest and tundra, where are also sensitive to climate change.
Kailiang Yu et al.
Data sets
A global map of relative abundance of soil fungi and bacteria in top surface soil Yu et al. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.19556419.v1
Model code and software
Biogeography-of-soil-microbes Kailiang Yu https://github.com/KailiangYu/Biogeography-of-soil-microbes.git
Kailiang Yu et al.
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