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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ESSDD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Earth System Science Data Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ESSDD</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/essd-2026-758</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>CCWEM and CCWIF: 10 m Datasets of Coastal Wetland Extent and Inundation-Frequency Gradients across China</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Liang</surname>
<given-names>Jintao</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zhang</surname>
<given-names>Yong</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Wang</surname>
<given-names>Yi</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1347-7030</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Chen</surname>
<given-names>Chao</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bao</surname>
<given-names>Junfan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430000, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Yangtze River Basin Monitoring Center Station for Soil and Water Conservation, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan, Hubei 430010, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>School of Geography Science and Geomatics Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Henan Provincial Third Geological and Mineral Survey Institute Co., Ltd., Xinyang, Henan 464000, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Henan Natural Resources Science and Technology Innovation Center (Information Perception Technology Application Research), Xinyang, Henan 464000, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>44</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Jintao Liang et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-758/">This article is available from https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-758/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-758/essd-2026-758.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-758/essd-2026-758.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Coastal wetlands are critical ecological spaces for coastal-zone management, with direct implications for wetland conservation, shoreline regulation, and nearshore spatial planning. Here, we present two complementary 10 m datasets for China&apos;s coastal wetlands in 2025: the China Coastal Wetland Extent Map (CCWEM) and the China Coastal Wetland Inundation Frequency Map (CCWIF). CCWEM delineates the maximum wetland extent along the Chinese coast, whereas CCWIF further characterizes internal inundation-frequency gradients within this extent. To generate CCWEM, we constructed a four-season semantic segmentation dataset based on multi-season Sentinel-2 observations and developed SeasonMamba, which integrates shared encoding, seasonal adaptive fusion, and pseudo-MSIC representation learning to achieve stable delineation of coastal wetlands under varying seasonal and tidal conditions. To generate CCWIF, the Chinese coast was divided into 58 tidal subregions to account for spatial heterogeneity in tidal environments, and a region-specific inundation-frequency estimation workflow was developed by integrating Sentinel-2 MNDWI time series with tide gauge observations. CCWEM mapped 8906.15 km&amp;sup2; of coastal wetlands and achieved an overall accuracy of 94.07 %, with an F1 score of 94.83 % in low-tide boundary validation. Independent validation using Sentinel-1 observed water occurrence showed overall monotonic agreement with the CCWIF classes across all validation regions combined (Spearman&apos;s &amp;rho; = 0.756), supporting its ability to characterize relative inundation-frequency gradients. To our knowledge, CCWIF provides the first national-scale dataset describing coastal wetland inundation-frequency gradients across China. Together, CCWEM and CCWIF provide a consistent high-resolution spatial dataset for characterizing both the extent and internal hydrological structure of China&apos;s coastal wetlands, supporting coastal wetland monitoring, assessment, and management under complex tidal conditions.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="44"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>National Natural Science Foundation of China</funding-source>
<award-id>U21A2013</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs2">
<funding-source>National Natural Science Foundation of China</funding-source>
<award-id>42171311</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
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