<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/nlm-dtd/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="data-paper" specific-use="SMUR" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ESSDD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Earth System Science Data Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ESSDD</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1866-3591</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/essd-2026-606</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>A high spatiotemporal resolution atmospheric motion vector dataset from Fengyun-4B Geostationary High-speed Imager observations for 15 tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific and South China Sea (2022&amp;ndash;2025)</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Xia</surname>
<given-names>Pan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Min</surname>
<given-names>Min</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1519-5069</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Li</surname>
<given-names>Jun</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5504-9627</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Xu</surname>
<given-names>Na</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Di</surname>
<given-names>Di</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Liu</surname>
<given-names>Yan-An</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7014-0162</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Wang</surname>
<given-names>Gang</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Liu</surname>
<given-names>Zijing</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Chen</surname>
<given-names>Yongqiang</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>School of Atmospheric Sciences and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change  and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University and Southern Marine Science and Engineering  Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Centre for Space Weather), Innovation Center  for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), and Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and  Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing  100081, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,  Nanjing 210044, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Guangzhou Meteorological Satellite Ground Station, Guangzhou 510630, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>18</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>43</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Pan Xia et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-606/">This article is available from https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-606/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-606/essd-2026-606.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-606/essd-2026-606.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>High spatiotemporal resolution wind observations are essential for resolving the rapidly evolving inner-core circulation, spiral rainbands, upper-level outflow, and asymmetric structural changes of tropical cyclones (TCs), yet these features remain inadequately sampled by conventional observing systems and operational atmospheric motion vector (AMV) products. This study presents a consistently processed and systematically evaluated minute-scale temporal and mesoscale spatial atmospheric motion vector (MAMV) dataset derived from the Geostationary High-speed Imager (GHI) onboard Fengyun-4B (FY-4B) for 15 TCs over the western North Pacific and the South China Sea (SCS) during 2022&amp;ndash;2025. The dataset includes daytime visible-band (VIS) MAMVs with a nominal vector spacing of 3&amp;thinsp;km and day-and-night infrared-band (IRX) MAMVs with a nominal spacing of 24&amp;thinsp;km. Four stable products are generated at the 1, 2, 6, and 7&amp;thinsp;min marks of each recurring 10&amp;thinsp;min observation cycle. The dataset represents the highest combined spatial and temporal resolution currently available for a multi-case geostationary satellite TC wind-field dataset, providing detailed observations of inner-core flow, spiral-rainband circulation, convective-cloud boundaries, peripheral winds, and upper-tropospheric outflow that are difficult to obtain from radiosondes, conventional AMVs, or hourly reanalysis fields. Quality-screened vectors were evaluated against radiosonde observations and ERA5 reanalysis winds. The mean speed bias, mean vector difference, and standard deviation of vector differences were 2.34, 4.05, and 1.77&amp;thinsp;m&amp;thinsp;s⁻&amp;sup1; for VIS, 2.21, 4.74, and 2.17&amp;thinsp;m&amp;thinsp;s⁻&amp;sup1; for IRX when using radiosondes as reference, they are 1.62, 5.57, and 4.63&amp;thinsp;m&amp;thinsp;s⁻&amp;sup1; for VIS, 0.31, 5.95, and 3.66&amp;thinsp;m&amp;thinsp;s⁻&amp;sup1; for IRX when using ERA5 as reference. The dataset provides a new observational basis for continuously monitoring the multiscale evolution of tropical cyclones, including changes in inner-core circulation, spiral rainbands, asymmetric wind structures, peripheral flow, and upper-tropospheric outflow, thereby supporting improved analysis of TC development, structural change, and short-term intensity evolution. The FY-4B/GHI IRX MAMV dataset for 2022&amp;ndash;2025 is available at doi:&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22790846&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot;&gt;10.5281/zenodo.22790846&lt;/a&gt;; The FY-4B/GHI VIS datasets are available at doi:&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22791421&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot;&gt;10.5281/zenodo.22791421&lt;/a&gt; for 2022&amp;ndash;2023, doi:&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22791444&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot;&gt;10.5281/zenodo.22791444&lt;/a&gt; for 2024, and doi:&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22791469&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot;&gt;10.5281/zenodo.22791469&lt;/a&gt; for 2025 (Xia et al., 2026a, b, c, d).</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="43"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>National Natural Science Foundation of China</funding-source>
<award-id>U2342201 and U2442216</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
</back>
</article>