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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ESSDD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Earth System Science Data Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ESSDD</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1866-3591</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/essd-2026-557</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>The ATMOSFER campaign: synergistic observations for the preparation of the ESA FORUM mission</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ghysels</surname>
<given-names>Mélanie</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Palchetti</surname>
<given-names>Luca</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4022-8125</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Viciani</surname>
<given-names>Silvia</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2260-094X</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Belotti</surname>
<given-names>Claudio</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2234-6171</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Barucci</surname>
<given-names>Marco</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0381-3376</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Berthet</surname>
<given-names>Gwenaël</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3169-1636</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Asher</surname>
<given-names>Elizabeth</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
<sup>7</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hall</surname>
<given-names>Emrys</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5137-2902</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Fritz</surname>
<given-names>Alex</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
<sup>7</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Afchine</surname>
<given-names>Armin</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7669-8295</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
<sup>8</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Rolf</surname>
<given-names>Christian</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5329-0054</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
<sup>8</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kuhn</surname>
<given-names>Thomas</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3701-7925</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">
<sup>9</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Stopford</surname>
<given-names>Chris</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6773-4864</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14">
<sup>14</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hauchecorne</surname>
<given-names>Alain</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Amarouche</surname>
<given-names>Nadir</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">
<sup>10</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Durry</surname>
<given-names>Georges</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11">
<sup>11</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Samake</surname>
<given-names>Jean-Christophe</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">
<sup>10</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kalnajs</surname>
<given-names>Lars E.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2301-2461</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">
<sup>12</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Deshler</surname>
<given-names>Terry</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">
<sup>12</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13">
<sup>13</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Del Bianco</surname>
<given-names>Samuele</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-6629</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Pettinari</surname>
<given-names>Paolo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>LATMOS/IPSL, Sorbonne Université, UVSQ, CNRS, Paris, 75252, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, National Institute of Optics, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute of Applied Physics “Nello Carrara”, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute for Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, 40129 Bologna, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l&apos;Environnement et de l&apos;Espace, CNRS UMR 7328, Université d&apos;Orléans, Orléans, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff6">
<label>6</label>
<addr-line>NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory, 325 Broadway R/GML1, Boulder, CO 80305, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff7">
<label>7</label>
<addr-line>Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff8">
<label>8</label>
<addr-line>Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Climate and Energy Systems 4 – Stratosphere, 52425 Jülich, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff9">
<label>9</label>
<addr-line>Luleå University of Technology, Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Kiruna, Sweden</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff10">
<label>10</label>
<addr-line>INSU Division Technique, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff11">
<label>11</label>
<addr-line>LEATP, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, FRANCE</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff12">
<label>12</label>
<addr-line>Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff13">
<label>13</label>
<addr-line>Department of Atmospheric Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff14">
<label>14</label>
<addr-line>Particle Instruments &amp; Diagnostics; School of Physics, Engineering, &amp; Computer Science; University of Hertfordshire, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>10</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>31</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Mélanie Ghysels et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-557/">This article is available from https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-557/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-557/essd-2026-557.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-557/essd-2026-557.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>The balloon-borne ATMOSFER campaign, supported by CNES, was held in Kiruna in June 2024. This campaign involved lightweight hygrometers (Pico-Light H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O, NOAA GML frost point hygrometer, EN-SCI Cryogenic frost point hygrometer), optical particle counters and ice crystal imager (POPS, LOAC v1.5, LPC and NIXE-B), ozone sondes and the airborne demonstrator of the future ESA FORUM mission developed by CNR-INO (FIRMOS-B instrument). The instruments have been flown aboard Zero Pressure Balloon (ZPB) and small weather balloons (RS) by CNES and the scientific teams. The synergistic observations aboard stratospheric balloons captured the signature of multiple influences which are useful for preparation activities of the ESA FORUM mission. The measurements revealed stratospheric intrusions of sub-tropical air, the presence of upper tropospheric ice cirrus clouds and aerosol layers of small particles potentially originating from volcanic eruption (between 15 and 17 km of altitude) and forest fires (near the polar cold point tropopause), which will influence the vertical profile retrievals from FIRMOS-B radiances and provide interesting features for radiative closure studies. This article aims to give an overview of the observation potential of the campaign for further studies in the frame of the ESA FORUM mission. The datasets are publicly available in the HEMERA datacenter (&lt;a href=&quot;https://data.hemera-h2020.eu/atmospheric-balloon-experiments/#/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot;&gt;https://data.hemera-h2020.eu/atmospheric-balloon-experiments/#/&lt;/a&gt;).</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="31"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales</funding-source>
<award-id>CNES balloon program</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs2">
<funding-source>European Space Agency</funding-source>
<award-id>4000137321/22/NL/AD</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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