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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ESSDD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Earth System Science Data Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ESSDD</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1866-3591</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/essd-2026-549</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Observations from a 94-GHz spectral polarimetric vertically-pointing radar at Villum research station during the CLAVIER Clean Cloud campaign</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Foskinis</surname>
<given-names>Romanos</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0221-3328</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Billault-Roux</surname>
<given-names>Anne-Claire</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3673-8683</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Skov</surname>
<given-names>Henrik</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1167-8696</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sørensen</surname>
<given-names>Lise Lotte</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9823-589X</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Gryning</surname>
<given-names>Sven-Erik</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5451-6510</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Nenes</surname>
<given-names>Athanasios</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3873-9970</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Berne</surname>
<given-names>Alexis</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4977-1204</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Environmental Remote Sensing Laboratory, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Laboratory of Atmospheric Processes and Their Impacts, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École  Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, 1530 Payerne, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Department of Environmental Science, iClimate, Arctic Research Center, Aarhus University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>DTU Wind and Energy Systems, Technical University of Denmark, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff6">
<label>6</label>
<addr-line>Centre for Studies of Air Quality and Climate Change, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, 26504 Patras, Greece</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>10</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>62</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Romanos Foskinis et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-549/">This article is available from https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-549/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-549/essd-2026-549.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-549/essd-2026-549.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>This paper presents a dataset obtained from a ground-based W-band (94 GHz) Doppler spectral polarimetric cloud radar (WProf) during the CLeancloud Arctic VIllum ExpeRiment (Clavier) campaign at Villum Research Station, Northeast Greenland, from 23 March to 13 April 2024. The campaign aimed to investigate Arctic cloud microphysical processes and aerosol&amp;ndash;cloud interactions under pristine and Arctic haze conditions. Here, we describe the WProf radar measurements and the full processing chain, including noise removal and quality-control filtering, ensuring complete traceability from raw spectra to higher-level products. To resolve the complex microphysical structure of Arctic clouds, the peakTree algorithm was applied to Doppler spectra to identify and characterize multimodal velocity distributions, enabling the detection of coexisting hydrometeor populations within individual radar volumes. Peak-resolved spectral parameters are subsequently used within a hydrometeor classification framework implemented in pyLARDA enabling the identification of liquid droplets, pristine ice crystals, aggregates and rimed particles. The dataset captures a wide range of Arctic spring cloud regimes, including persistent mixed-phase clouds, deep and shallow ice-precipitating systems, and vertically structured seeder&amp;ndash;feeder configurations. The observations indicate that multimodality is a common feature of Arctic clouds, particularly during periods of active ice growth, aggregation, and cloud-layer interaction. As dynamic forcing weakens, cloud systems frequently evolve toward shallower and more homogeneous stratiform states with reduced spectral complexity. Overall, the dataset provides a solid basis for studying Arctic aerosol-cloud interactions and cloud microphysics for evaluating the cloud and precipitation parameterizations in models.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="62"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>HORIZON EUROPE Climate, Energy and Mobility</funding-source>
<award-id>101137639</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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