<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/nlm-dtd/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="data-paper" specific-use="SMUR" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ESSDD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Earth System Science Data Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ESSDD</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1866-3591</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/essd-2026-450</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>KRILLBASE-larvae: a database of abundance of eggs and larval stages of &lt;em&gt;Euphausia superba&lt;/em&gt; in the Southern Ocean spanning 1926&amp;ndash;2024</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Atkinson</surname>
<given-names>Angus</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Pakhomov</surname>
<given-names>Evgeny</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6145-2129</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hill</surname>
<given-names>Simeon</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Yang</surname>
<given-names>Guang</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Rombola</surname>
<given-names>Emilce</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1863-1911</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
<sup>7</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ward</surname>
<given-names>Peter</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Reiss</surname>
<given-names>Christian</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
<sup>8</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Schmidt</surname>
<given-names>Katrin</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">
<sup>9</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kasyan</surname>
<given-names>Valentina</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">
<sup>10</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Tarling</surname>
<given-names>Geraint</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Liszka</surname>
<given-names>Cecilia</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Cavan</surname>
<given-names>Emma</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1099-6705</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11">
<sup>11</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>ten Hoopen</surname>
<given-names>Petra</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4242-4015</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">
<sup>12</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Devon PL13DH UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Department of Earth, Ocean &amp; Atmospheric Sciences (EOAS), 2207 Main Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, 2202 Main Mall, University of British Columbia,  Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff6">
<label>6</label>
<addr-line>Instituto Antártico Argentino, Dirección Nacional del Antártico, Buenos Aires, Argentina</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff7">
<label>7</label>
<addr-line>Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientifcas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff8">
<label>8</label>
<addr-line>Marea Oceanographic Services, 1773 Petra Dr. San Diego, CA 92104 USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff9">
<label>9</label>
<addr-line>University of Plymouth, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff10">
<label>10</label>
<addr-line>A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of  Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690041, Russia</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff11">
<label>11</label>
<addr-line>Imperial College London, Ascot, Berkshire, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff12">
<label>12</label>
<addr-line>UK Polar Data Centre, British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge  CB3 0ET UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>09</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>23</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Angus Atkinson et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-450/">This article is available from https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-450/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-450/essd-2026-450.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-450/essd-2026-450.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Antarctic krill (&lt;em&gt;Euphausia superba&lt;/em&gt;, hereafter &quot;krill&quot;) are an important component of Southern Ocean food webs, are efficient in sequestering carbon and support a major fishery. Knowledge of their early life cycle is key to understanding krill population dynamics and essential for fisheries management in a warming climate. Many data have been collected over the years on the distribution of krill larvae, but the data remain fragmented and hard to re-use. Here we have put these disparate data sources together into a large database of 10,762 net-sampling records with numerical abundance data on the various larval stages. This new &lt;em&gt;KRILLBASE-larvae&lt;/em&gt; database complements two existing and circumpolar KRILLBASE open-access databases, namely &lt;em&gt;KRILLBASE-abundance&lt;/em&gt; (numerical abundance of postlarval krill and salps) and &lt;em&gt;KRILLBASE-length frequency&lt;/em&gt; (length, sex and maturity stage of postlarval krill). By completing the set to include larvae, we provide datasets that can underpin a more holistic appreciation of krill dynamics; for example to model the krill life cycle, population dynamics, response to climate change and to help manage the krill fishery. &lt;em&gt;KRILLBASE-larvae&lt;/em&gt; is circumpolar, albeit with most data concentrated in the SW Atlantic sector which appears to be the major spawning ground and where the fishery operates. The data span 1926&amp;ndash;2024 with &amp;gt;50 seasons of coverage spanning two epochs: 1926&amp;ndash;1937 and 1976&amp;ndash;2024. The database is based on net haul data on densities (numbers per m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;) of eggs, nauplii, metanauplii, calypotope- and furcilia stages, alongside key sampling information such as sampling depths, net type, net mesh size, water depth, temperature etc. This data paper provides a description of &lt;em&gt;KRILLBASE-larvae&lt;/em&gt;, mapping data coverage in terms of space, time and sampling depth, providing pointers and caveats to its use. The KRILLBASE-larvae database is available here for reviewers: &lt;a href=&quot;http://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=946546c8-b24f-422f-96e1-3bd872506c5f&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot;&gt;http://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=946546c8-b24f-422f-96e1-3bd872506c5f&lt;/a&gt; with user id reviewer_02221 and password VchJWSANpH1T5Wpj with instructions &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bas.ac.uk/data/polar-data-centre/reviewer-access/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot;&gt;https://www.bas.ac.uk/data/polar-data-centre/reviewer-access/&lt;/a&gt; [Pending publication and any subsequent amendment on review, the final dataset will be freely available with a doi and single click to download]. We request that this data doi and the data paper are cited when the data are used.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="23"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
</back>
</article>