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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ESSDD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Earth System Science Data Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ESSDD</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1866-3591</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/essd-2026-114</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Extending the late 1963 to 1964 Mt Agung rescued searchlight aerosol profiles dataset at 32&amp;ordm; N, from early 1963 to 1976</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Antuña-Marrero</surname>
<given-names>Juan Carlos</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7037-015X</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Calle</surname>
<given-names>Abel</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Añel</surname>
<given-names>Juan Antonio</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2448-4647</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Cachorro</surname>
<given-names>Victoria E.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>de la Torre</surname>
<given-names>Laura</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5305-6946</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Barriopedro</surname>
<given-names>David</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6476-944X</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>García Herrera</surname>
<given-names>Ricardo</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3845-7458</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Pacheco</surname>
<given-names>Javier</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Instituto de Geociencias (IGEO), CSIC-UCM, Madrid 28040, Spain</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Grupo de Óptica Atmosférica (GOA-UVA), Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid 47011, Spain</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>EPhysLab, CIM-UVigo, Universidad de Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>02</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>11</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Juan Carlos Antuña-Marrero et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-114/">This article is available from https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-114/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-114/essd-2026-114.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-114/essd-2026-114.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>A set of 11 aerosol turbidity profiles (ATP) and 2 aerosol extinction profiles (AEP) at &amp;lambda; = 0.55 &amp;micro;m, observed with searchlight in New Mexico at 32&amp;deg; N, has been digitized from plots in scientific articles. They cover the period February to June 1963 and September 1965 to May 1975, complementing the already rescued and previously published 105 individual AEP, corresponding to 36 days, between December 1963 and December 1964. Eleven AEP are calculated (AEP&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt;) from the ATP, and the corresponding stratospheric aerosol optical depth (sAOD) between 12 and 25 km is also derived. Estimates of the digitization&amp;rsquo;s errors for the AEP&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt; and the sAOD are also calculated using information available in the literature. The combined set of rescued AEP reported here and the earlier rescued set of AEP from searchlight observations, are the only AEP dataset covering the period between the 1963 Mt Agung and the 1974 Fuego eruptions at northern midlatitudes. In this regard two relevant features identified in the AEP and the sAOD are described here. The first, using AEP&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt; from March and April 1963 identified what could be the date of arrival of the stratospheric aerosols from the Mt. Agung first eruption on March 17&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; 1963. This fact challenges the accepted criteria that the arrival of the stratospheric aerosols from Mt Agung arrived at the northern hemisphere midlatitudes in the second half of 1963. The second feature evidences two anomalous increases of the sAOD during a period supposed to be the decay of the sAOD from Mt. Agung eruption. They show our limited knowledge and understanding of the 1963 Mt Agung volcanic stratospheric aerosol transport. Finally, we describe evidences found in the literature pointing to the possible existence of the original searchlight raw signals and its processing software. The dataset described in this work is available at: &lt;a href=&quot;https://issues.pangaea.de/browse/PDI-43217&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot;&gt;https://issues.pangaea.de/browse/PDI-43217&lt;/a&gt;, (Antu&amp;ntilde;a-Marrero et al., 2026).</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="11"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico</funding-source>
<award-id>CSC2304000</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs2">
<funding-source>Agencia Estatal de Investigación</funding-source>
<award-id>PID2024-158326NB-I00</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs3">
<funding-source>Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, Xunta de Galicia</funding-source>
<award-id>ED431C 2025/37</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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