the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
A revised marine fossil record of the Mediterranean before and after the Messinian Salinity Crisis
Abstract. The Messinian Salinity Crisis and its precursor events have been the greatest environmental perturbation of the Mediterranean Sea to date, offering an opportunity to study the response of marine ecosystems to extreme hydrological change and a large-scale biological invasion. The restriction of the marine connection between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic Ocean already since the Tortonian–Messinian boundary resulted in stratification of the water column and increase water temperature and salinity variations. Here, we present a unified and revised marine fossil record of the Mediterranean that covers the Tortonian stage, the pre-evaporitic Messinian and the Zanclean stage and encompasses 22988 occurrences of calcareous nannoplankton, dinoflagellates, foraminifera, corals, ostracods, bryozoans, echinoids, mollusks, fishes, and marine mammals. This record adheres to the FAIR principles, it is updated in terms of taxonomy, and it follows the currently accepted stratigraphic framework. Based on this record, knowledge gaps are identified, which are due to spatiotemporal inconsistencies in sampling effort and the distribution of sedimentary facies, and the inherent differences in the preservation potential between the groups. Additionally, sampling bias in old records may have distorted the record in favor of larger, more impressive taxa within groups. This record is now ready to be used to answer both geological and biological questions, and is amendable when new fossil data are brought to light.
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Status: open (until 30 May 2024)
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CC1: 'Calcareous nannofossil data to incorporate', Maria Triantaphyllou, 28 Mar 2024
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Dear authors, I am pleased to see this solid review of Mediterranean fossil record around the MSC. Indeed, the database is large and accomodates in an excellent way the documented biodiversity records. However, I would like to point out that there are additional available calcareous nannofossil records that will contribute to the best overview of the Eastern Mediterranean area during the crucial selected period. As included in your manuscript concerning the South Aegean Cretan basin, the 378 DSDP record has been used, incorporating the Muller (1978) initial data for calcareous nannofossil assemblages. However, the recent publication of Skampa et al. (2024) "The Cretan Basin (South Aegean Sea, NE Mediterranean) in the Early Pliocene: a paleoceanographic reconstruction", Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology Volume 640, 15 April 2024, 112085, has been available at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018224000749?via%3Dihub#da0005. In there, you may find (online Supplementary data) an extensive record of detailed calcareous nannofossil quantitative data for the interval ∼5.2–3.9 Ma that provides an updated and accurate record for the area, and should be included in your data base. In addition, concerning the Cyprus sequences, in the paper of Athanasiou et al. (2017) "Sea surface temperatures and environmental conditions during the “warm Pliocene” interval (~ 4.1–3.2 Ma) in the Eastern Mediterranean (Cyprus)", Global and Planetary Change Volume 150, March 2017, Pages 46-57 (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921818116303149#ec-research-data), an extensive record of detailed calcareous nannofossil quantitative data for the interval 4.1–3.25 Ma is available. Soon it will appear in Pangaea, however I upload it also here. Hopefully it will be a merit to your constructed data base. Maria Triantaphyllou
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AC1: 'Reply on CC1', Konstantina Agiadi, 31 Mar 2024
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Dear Prof. Triantaphyllou, we really appreciate your kind evaluation of our work. Data published after 2022 were not incorporated in this dataset, since the time since then was required for us to combine, clean and analyze the data. Thank you for making the datasets of Skampa et al. (2024) and Athanasiou et al. (2017) openly available. These indeed are important contributions. We will incorporate them in the version 1.2 of the dataset, after the review process has been completed.
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-75-AC1
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AC1: 'Reply on CC1', Konstantina Agiadi, 31 Mar 2024
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Data sets
Dataset of the Revised marine fossil record of the Mediterranean before and after the Messinian Salinity Crisis Konstantina Agiadi, Niklas Hohmann, Elsa Gliozzi, Danae Thivaiou, Francesca R. Bosellini, Marco Taviani, Giovanni Bianucci, Alberto Collareta, Laurent Londeix, Costanza Faranda, Francesca Bulian, Efterpi Koskeridou, Francesca Lozar, Alan Maria Mancini, Stefano Dominici, Pierre Moissette, Ildefonso Bajo Campos, Enrico Borghi, George Iliopoulos, Assimina Antonarakou, George Kontakiotis, Evangelia Besiou, Stergios D. Zarkogiannis, Mathias Harzhauser, Francisco Javier Sierro, Angelo Camerlenghi, and Daniel García-Castellanos https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10782429
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