Preprints
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-132
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-132
16 May 2024
 | 16 May 2024
Status: this preprint is currently under review for the journal ESSD.

Two sets of bias-corrected regional UK Climate Projections 2018 (UKCP18) of temperature, precipitation and potential evapotranspiration for Great Britain

Nele Reyniers, Qianyu Zha, Nans Addor, Timothy J. Osborn, Nicole Forstenhäusler, and Yi He

Abstract. The United Kingdom Climate Projections 2018 (UKCP18) regional climate model (RCM) 12 km regional perturbed physics ensemble (UKCP18-RCM-PPE) is one of the three strands of the latest set of UK national climate projections produced by the UK Met Office. It has been widely adopted in climate impact assessment. In this study, we report biases in the raw UKCP18-RCM simulations that are significant and are likely to deteriorate impact assessments if they are not adjusted. Two methods were used to bias-correct UKCP18-RCM: non-parametric quantile mapping using empirical quantiles and a variant developed for the third phase of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP) designed to preserve the climate change signal. Specifically, daily temperature and precipitation simulations for 1981 to 2080 were adjusted for the 12 ensemble members. Potential evapotranspiration was also estimated over the same period using the Penman-Monteith formulation and then bias-corrected using the latter method. Both methods successfully corrected biases in a range of daily temperature, precipitation and potential evapotranspiration metrics, and reduced biases in multi-day precipitation metrics to a lesser degree. An exploratory analysis of the projected future changes confirms the expectation of wetter, warmer winters and hotter, drier summers, and shows uneven changes in different parts of the distributions of both temperature and precipitation. Both bias-correction methods preserved the climate change signal almost equally well, as well as the spread among the projected changes. The change factor method was used as a benchmark for precipitation, and we show that it fails to capture changes in a range of variables, making it inadequate for most impact assessments. By comparing the differences between the two bias-correction methods and within the 12 ensemble members, we show that the uncertainty in future precipitation and temperature changes stemming from the climate model parameterisation far outweighs the uncertainty introduced by selecting one of these two bias-correction methods. We conclude by providing guidance on the use of the bias-corrected data sets. The data sets bias adjusted with ISIMIP3BA are publicly available in the following repositories: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6337381 for precipitation and temperature (Reyniers et al., 2022a) and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6320707 for potential evapotranspiration (Reyniers et al., 2022b) . The datasets bias-corrected using the quantile mapping method are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8223024 (Zha et al., 2023) .

Publisher's note: Copernicus Publications remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims made in the text, published maps, institutional affiliations, or any other geographical representation in this preprint. The responsibility to include appropriate place names lies with the authors.
Nele Reyniers, Qianyu Zha, Nans Addor, Timothy J. Osborn, Nicole Forstenhäusler, and Yi He

Status: final response (author comments only)

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on essd-2024-132', Anonymous Referee #1, 14 Oct 2024
    • RC3: 'Reply on RC1', Anonymous Referee #1, 21 Oct 2024
    • AC1: 'Reply on RC1', qianyu zha, 06 Nov 2024
  • RC2: 'Comment on essd-2024-132', Anonymous Referee #2, 21 Oct 2024
    • AC2: 'Reply on RC2', qianyu zha, 19 Nov 2024
Nele Reyniers, Qianyu Zha, Nans Addor, Timothy J. Osborn, Nicole Forstenhäusler, and Yi He

Data sets

UKCP18 RCM precipitation and temperature bias corrected using non-parametric quantile mapping method Qianyu Zha, Nele Reyniers, Nans Addor, Timothy J. Osborn, Yi He, and Nicole Forstenhäusler https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8223024

UKCP18 RCM precipitation and temperature bias corrected using ISIMIP3BA change-preserving quantile mapping Nele Reyniers, Nans Addor, Qianyu Zha, Timothy J. Osborn, Nicole Forstenhäusler, and Yi He https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6337381

Projected changes in droughts and extreme droughts in Great Britain are strongly influenced by the choice of drought index: UKCP18-based bias adjusted potential evapotranspiration Nele Reyniers, Timothy J. Osborn, Nans Addor, and Geoff Darch https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6320707

Nele Reyniers, Qianyu Zha, Nans Addor, Timothy J. Osborn, Nicole Forstenhäusler, and Yi He

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Short summary
We present two sets of bias-corrected UK Climate Projections 2018 (UKCP18) regional projections of temperature, precipitation and potential evapotranspiration for 1981–2080. All 12 members of the UKCP18 regional ensemble were bias-corrected using (1) empirical quantile mapping and (2) a change-preserving variant. The two methods were evaluated and compared to guide dataset application. The datasets improve the usability of UKCP18 and serve as a reference for selecting bias correction methods.
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