readme file for the main directory of:
"Soil, Snow, Weather, and Sub-surface Storage Data from a Mountain Catchment in the Rain-
Snow Transition Zone", by P. Kormos, D. Marks, J. McNamara, C.J. Williams, H.P. Marshall,
P. Aishlin and D. Chandler, Water Resources Research, 2013.

spatial data projection information:
	Universal Transverse Mercator (Zone 11)
	1983 North American Datum and Geodetic Reference System 1980 ellipsoid

data presented in the paper include:
	MAIN DIRECTORY:
	12 time series files, comma delimited ascii text with 1 header row
	2 soil texture files, comma delimited ascii text with 1 header row
	1 snow density file, comma delimited ascii text with 1 header row

	GIS DIRECTORY:
	34 rasters, tab delimited Ascii text with 6 header rows 
	3 shapefiles (directories), including .dbf, .sbn, .sbx, .shx, .shp, .shp.xml, .prj
          files
	1 directory of images (.tif) of each GIS item (GIS_IMAGES)

The 12 time series files are FOUR_COMPONENT_RAD.txt, WEATHER_DATA.txt, 
PRECIPITATION.txt, STREAM_DISCHARGE.txt, SNOW_DEPTH_USD.txt, SOIL_MOISTURE_T_PIT3.txt, 
SOIL_MOISTURE_T_PIT4.txt, SOIL_MOISTURE_SD5.txt, SOIL_MOISTURE_SU5.txt, 
SOIL_MOISTURE_SU10.txt, SOIL_MOISTURE_SU20.txt, and SOIL_MOISTURE_SU30.txt.  The 2 
soil texture file are SOIL_TEXTURE_PROFILES.txt and SOIL_SURFACE_TEXTURE.txt.  The snow
density file is SNOW_DENSITY.txt.  

The 34 rasters and 3 shapefiles are located in the GIS_DATA directory and are described by
README_GIS.txt located in that directory.

All data were collected within the Treeline experimental catchment between October 1, 
2010 and October 1, 2011.  The abbreviations used in the one-line header are defined 
below. The first part of each record is a date-time field (WY, M, D, in some cases H, 
and Yr). Missing values are represented by "NaN". Each file is described in more detail
below.

File Header Abbreviations:
wy              Water Year
mm		Month
dd		Day of Month
HH		Hour
calyr		Calendar Year

sin		Incoming Solar Radiation (W m^-2)
sout            Outgoing Solar Radiation (W m^-2)
lin             Incoming Longwave Radiation (W m^-2)
lout            Outgoing Longwave Radiation (W m^-2)
Ta              Air Temperature (C)
RH              Relative Humidity (%)
Td              Dew Point Temperature (C)
u               Wind Speed (m s^-1)
v               Wind Direction (degree)
Tg              Ground Temperature at 5cm at pit3 (C)
Zs              Snow Depth (cm)
shielded        Shielded Precipitation (mm)
unshielded      Unshielded Precipitation (mm)
dual_gauge      Wind Corrected Precipitation (mm)
pct_snow        Percent Snow (%)
discharge_lpm   Stream Discharge (l m^-1)
easting         Easting Geographic Coordinate (m)
northing        Northing Geographic Coordinate (m)
density_kgpm3	Snow Density (kg m^-3)
depth_snow      Snow Depth (cm)
method          Method Used to Measure Snow Density
up_north        Snow Depth from Upslope Sensor on the North Facing Slope (cm)
down_north      Snow Depth from Downslope Sensor on the North Facing Slope (cm)
down_south      Snow Depth from Downslope Sensor on the South Facing Slope (cm)
mid_south       Snow Depth from Midslope Sensor on the South Facing Slope (cm)
up_south        Snow Depth from Upslope Sensor on the South Facing Slope (cm)
ID              Unique Identifier for Soil Texture Measurement Point
depth_soil      Soil Depth (cm)
depth_rng       Depth Range of Soil Texture Measurement (cm)
pct_course      Percent Course by Mass of total sample (%)
pct_sand        Percent Sand of by Mass (%)
pct_fine        Percent Fines (Silt + Clay) by Mass  (%)
pct_silt        Percent Silt by Mass  (%)
pct_clay        Percent Clay by Mass  (%)
sm_5cm          Volumetric Soil Moisture Content at 5cm Depth (m^3 m^-3)
sm_9cm          Volumetric Soil Moisture Content at 9cm Depth (m^3 m^-3)
sm_12cm         Volumetric Soil Moisture Content at 12cm Depth (m^3 m^-3)
sm_15cm         Volumetric Soil Moisture Content at 15cm Depth (m^3 m^-3)
sm_18cm         Volumetric Soil Moisture Content at 18cm Depth (m^3 m^-3)
sm_27cm         Volumetric Soil Moisture Content at 27cm Depth (m^3 m^-3)
sm_30cm         Volumetric Soil Moisture Content at 30cm Depth (m^3 m^-3)
sm_34cm         Volumetric Soil Moisture Content at 34cm Depth (m^3 m^-3)
sm_45cm         Volumetric Soil Moisture Content at 45cm Depth (m^3 m^-3)
sm_52cm         Volumetric Soil Moisture Content at 52cm Depth (m^3 m^-3)
sm_60cm         Volumetric Soil Moisture Content at 60cm Depth (m^3 m^-3)
sm_65cm         Volumetric Soil Moisture Content at 65cm Depth (m^3 m^-3)
sm_70cm         Volumetric Soil Moisture Content at 70cm Depth (m^3 m^-3)
sm_100cm        Volumetric Soil Moisture Content at 100cm Depth (m^3 m^-3)
sm_101cm        Volumetric Soil Moisture Content at 101cm Depth (m^3 m^-3)
t_5cm           Soil Temperature at 5cm (C)
t_15cm          Soil Temperature at 15cm (C)
t_30cm          Soil Temperature at 30cm (C)
t_45cm          Soil Temperature at 45cm (C)
t_60cm          Soil Temperature at 60cm (C)
t_65cm          Soil Temperature at 65cm (C)
t_100cm         Soil Temperature at 100cm (C)

Data Files:
FOUR_COMPONENT_RAD.txt: Measured radiation is from the four component radiometer 
	located on the north facing mid slope. The instrument is located at 
	easting: 569245.2 northing: 4842304.3. The file contains 8078 hourly records
	beginning on October 29, 2010.  Each record contains wy, mm, dd, HH, calyr, sin,
	sout, lin, and lout separated with a comma.  This file is not gap-filled.
	Missing data is denoted by "NaN". The instrument is a Hukseflux NR01. Hourly
        measurements are from 15 minute averages.

WEATHER_DATA.txt: Meteorological forcing data is from the weather station located on
	the south ridge (at the top of the northeast facing slope). The instrument is
	located at easting: 569250.9 northing: 4842273.7.  The file contains 8760 
	serially complete gap-filled hourly records starting on October 1, 2010.  Each 
	record contains wy, mm, dd, HH, calyr, Ta, RH, Td, u, v, sin, lin, Tg, and Zs 
	separated with a comma.  Additional snow depth data is found in the 
	SNOW_DEPTH_USD.txt file.  Relative humidity and air temperature were converted 
	to vapor pressure (IPW command rh2vp) and then vapor pressure was converted to 
	dew point temperature using the IPW command dewpoint, which follows methods 
	described by Marks et al. (1999) that optimizes accuracy near 0 degrees C. 
	Incoming solar radiation was measured primarily at the 4 component radiometer 
	located at easting: 569245.2 northing: 4842304.3 and gaps in the record were 
	filled with the weather station radiometer. Incoming thermal radiation was 
	measured at the 4 component radiometer. Gaps in the measured record were
	filled by measured incoming thermal radiation measured at the Shingle Creek Ridge
	weather station within the Dry Creek Experimental Watershed.  Small gaps in both
	incoming thermal data sets were filled by regressing Treeline measured thermal to
	incoming thermal measured at Reynolds Mountain East in Reynolds Creek Experimental
	Watershed for January and February of 2011.
	The ground temperature time series is from 5cm depth at Pit3 (easting: 569251.0 
	northing:4842300.5), and is repeated in SOIL_MOISTURE_T_PIT3.txt. Gross errors in 
	the snow depth record (<1% of record negative values or >100 cm) were removed and 
	filled by splining.  Then the average reading during periods of no snow (3.0481
	cm) was subtracted from all values and all negative values were changed to zero.  
	Noise was then removed from the data by using a 5-hour moving average filter. 

	The Tree Line instruments located at the weather station are as follows:
	Vaisala HMP45AC   - air temperature and humidity
	Met One WS 013    - wind speed
	Met One WD 023    - wind direction
	Matrix Mk 1-G     - incoming solar radiation
	Hukseflux NR01    - incoming thermal radiation
	CS 107 thermistor - soil temperature
	Judd depth sensor - snow depth

PRECIPITATION.txt: Precipitation forcing data from the precipitation gauges on the south 
	ridge (at the top of the northeast facing slope).  The shielded gauge is located at
	easting: 569253.2 northing: 4842277.5 and the unshielded gauge is located at easting:
	569248.4 northing: 4842284.4.  The file contains 8760 serially
	complete gap-filled hourly records starting on October 1, 2010.  Each record
	contains wy, mm, dd, HH, calyr, shielded, unshielded, dual_gauge, and pct_snow
	separated with a comma. Shielded and unshielded cumulative precipitation have been 
	filtered to remove normal measurement (wind and instrument sensitivity) and 
	maintenance (emptying bucket when full) noise following Nayak et al. (2008).  Upon 
	checking the filter output against the unfiltered data, it was determined that a 
	storm on December 29th produced more precipitation than the filter output.  The 
	filtered precipitation was manually corrected resulting in the addition of 45.5 mm 
	to the shielded precipitation and 40.5 mm to the unshielded precipitation.  The filter 
	also under represented the amount of precipitation that fell at the gauges during the 
	January 16th rain event, and a total of 23.5 mm and 30 mm were added to the shielded 
	and unshielded filtered results respectively.  We chose to wind correct precipitation 
	based on a dual gauge method described in Hanson, 2002.  The percent snow is estimated
	based on the dew point temperature presented in WEATHER_FORCING.txt using the following
	criteria from Marks et al. (1999):
	
	          Dew Point Temperature < -0.5 C   100% Snow
        -0.5 C <= Dew Point Temperature <    0 C   75% Snow
           0 C <= Dew Point Temperature <  0.5 C   25% Snow
         0.5 C <= Dew Point Temperature            0% Snow	
	

STREAM_DISCHARGE.txt: Stream discharge data is from the flume at the catchment outlet located at 
	easting: 569314.1 northing: 4842279.3.  The file contains 8760 serially complete gap-
	filled hourly records starting on October 1, 2010.  Each record contains wy, mm, dd, 
	HH, calyr, and discharge_lpm separated with a comma. Stream stage is recorded with a 
	Druck PDCR1830 pressure transducer in a V-notch flume. The stream that drains TL is 
	intermittent and initiates in the fall when snow cover is established and dries out 
	with vegetation green up.  Due to equipment malfunctions, continuous depth measurements 
	begin on December 16th and continue through the cessation of stream flow. Discharge was 
	estimated for the period prior to December 16 from a series of 3 manual measurements 
	and by developing a relationship between stage at the TL weir and data from other 
	nearby weirs within the larger Dry Creek basin over the ten years of record. The TL 
	rating curve used to convert stage to discharge is well-defined at lower flows, however 
	the maximum discharge used to build the curve is 170 l/min.  The portion of the stream 
	discharge record that is over 170 l/min is 0.6%, which accounts for approximately 10% 
	of the flow volume.  This could cause significant error in the runoff ratio calculation, 
	however, we have no reason to believe that the relationship would break down at higher 
	flows and we assume that the discharge calculations are correct.  Hourly measurements 
        are derived from averaging 15 minute measurements.

SNOW_DEPTH_USD.txt: Snow depth data is from 5 ultra sonic snow depth sensors positioned
	in a transect across the two dominant catchment slopes.  The file contains 1789
	hourly records beginning on January 19, 2011 and ending on April 4, 2011.  Each 
	record contains wy, mm, dd, HH, calyr, up_north, down_north, down_south, mid_south,
	and up_south separated with a commma.  This file is not gap-filled.  Hourly 
        measurements are derived from averaging 15 minute values.  Missing data is
	denoted by "NaN".  Additional snow depth data from the weather station Judd snow depth
	sensor is found in the MET.txt file.  The locations of sensors follows:
		
		sensor      easting   northing
		up_north    569221.0  4842304.3
		down_north  569241.0  4842327.3
		down_south  569250.0  4842335.3
		mid_south   569263.0  4842346.3
		up_south    569283.0  4842363.3

SOIL_MOISTURE_T_PIT3.txt: Soil moisture and temperature data is from a profile located at 
	Pit 3 on the north facing slope.  The profile is located at easting: 569251.0
	northing: 4842300.5. The file contains 8760 serially complete gap-filled hourly 
	records starting on October 1, 2010.  Each record contains wy, mm, HH, calyr, sm_5cm,
	t_5cm,  sm_15cm, t_15cm, sm_60cm, t_60cm, sm_100cm, and t_100cm separated with a 
	comma. Soil moisture was measured using CS 615 soil moisture probes and soil 
	temperature was measured using CS 107 thermistors.

SOIL_MOISTURE_T_PIT4.txt: Soil moisture and temperature data is from a profile located at 
	Pit 4 on the north facing slope. The profile is located at easting: 569250.3
	northing: 4842300.7. The file contains 8760 serially complete gap-filled hourly 
	records starting on October 1, 2010.  Each record contains wy, mm, dd, HH, calyr, 
	sm_5cm, t_5cm, sm_15cm, t_15cm, sm_30cm, t_30cm, sm_45cm, t_45cm, sm_65cm, and 
	t_65cm separated with a comma. Soil moisture was measured using CS 615 soil moisture 
	probes and soil temperature was measured using CS 107 thermistors.

SOIL_MOISTURE_SD5.txt: Soil moisture data is from a profile located at SD5 on the south facing 
	slope. The profile is located at easting: 569258.4 northing: 4842317.1. The file 
	contains 8760 serially complete hourly records starting on October 1, 2010.  Each 
	record contains wy, mm, dd, HH, calyr, sm_15cm, and sm_101cm separated with a comma.  
	This file is not gap-filled. Missing data is denoted by "NaN". Soil moisture was 
	measured using CS TDR100 soil moisture probes.  Gross errors in the soil moisture

        record (< 0.027 or > 0.27) were removed.  The data was then filled and smoothed using

        a robust local regression, which uses weighted linear least squares and a 1st degree

        polynomial model. This method assigns lower weights to outliers in the regression 

        (assigns zero weight to data outside six mean absolute deviations). Moving windows used

        for the regression were 0.2% and 0.5% of the data for 15cm and 101cm depths respectively.

SOIL_MOISTURE_SU5.txt: Soil moisture data is from a profile located at SU5 on the south facing 
	slope. The profile is located at easting: 569250.7 northing: 4842323.5. The file 
	contains 8760 serially complete hourly records starting on October 1, 2010.  Each 
	record contains wy, mm, dd, HH, calyr, sm_9cm, and sm_27cm separated with a comma.  
	This file is not gap-filled. Missing data is denoted by "NaN". Soil moisture was 
	measured using CS TDR100 soil moisture probes. Gross errors in the soil moisture

        record (< 0.0 or > 0.4) were removed.  The data was then and filled and smoothed using

        a robust local regression, which uses weighted linear least squares and a 1st degree

        polynomial model. This method assigns lower weights to outliers in the regression 

        (assigns zero weight to data outside six mean absolute deviations). A combination of
 
        moving windows sizes were used for the regression of the 9 cm data because no one window

        size did well capturing the peaks and smoothing out sensor noise.  A window size of 2% of

        the data was used from the beginning ofthe water year until October 24th, 2010 and from 

        July 6th 2011 to the end of the water year, while a window size of 0.2% was used between

        October 24th and July 6th. A constant window size of 0.0574% of the data was used for the
        27 cm data.

SOIL_MOISTURE_SU10.txt: Soil moisture data is from a profile located at SU10 on the south facing 
	slope. The profile is located at easting: 569253.4 northing: 4842326.8. The file 
	contains 8760 serially complete hourly records starting on October 1, 2010.  Each 
	record contains wy, mm, dd, HH, calyr, sm_15cm, and sm_52cm separated with a comma.  
	This file is not gap-filled. Missing data is denoted by "NaN". Soil moisture was 
	measured using CS TDR100 soil moisture probes. Gross errors in the soil moisture

        record (< 0.0 or > 0.26) were removed.  The data was then filled and smoothed using

        a robust local regression, which uses weighted linear least squares and a 1st degree

        polynomial model. This method assigns lower weights to outliers in the regression

        (assigns zero weight to data outside six mean absolute deviations). A constant moving

        window of 0.1% was used for the 15 cm data, while a combination of moving windows sizes 
        were used for the regression of the 52 cm data because no one window
 size did well 
        capturing the peaks and smoothing out sensor noise. A window size of 0.5% 
of the data was 
        used from the beginning of the water year until November 
24th, 2010 and from June 21st 2011
        to the end of the water year, while a window size of 0.25% was used between November 24th 
        and June 21st.

SOIL_MOISTURE_SU20.txt: Soil moisture data is from a profile located at SU20 on the south facing 
	slope. The profile is located at easting: 569256.4 northing: 4842329.9. The file 
	contains 8760 serially complete hourly records starting on October 1, 2010.  Each 
	record contains wy, mm, dd, HH, calyr, sm_12cm, and sm_34cm separated with a comma.  
	This file is not gap-filled. Missing data is denoted by "NaN". Soil moisture was 
	measured using CS TDR100 soil moisture probes. Gross errors in the soil moisture

        record (< 0.025 or > 0.28) were removed.  The data was then and filled and smoothed using

        a robust local regression, which uses weighted linear least squares and a 1st degree
 
        polynomial model. This method assigns lower weights to outliers in the regression 
(assigns
        zero weight to data outside six mean absolute deviations). A combination of moving windows 
        sizes were used for the regression of the 12 cm data because no one window
 size did well 
        capturing the peaks and smoothing out sensor noise.  A window size of 0.15% 
of the data was
        used from the beginning of the water year until October 23rd, 2010 and 
from June 21st 2011 
        to the end of the water year, while a window size of 0.5% was used between October 23rd and 
        June 21st. A combination of moving windows sizes were also used
for the regression of the 
        34 cm data. A window size of 0.5%  of the data was used from the
 beginning of the water year
        until November 24th, 2010 and from June 21st 2011 to the end 
of the water year, while a 
        window size of 0.25% was used between November 24th and June 21st.

SOIL_MOISTURE_SU30.txt: Soil moisture data is from a profile located at SU30 on the south facing
	slope. The profile is located at easting: 569262.8 northing: 4842337.6. The file 
	contains 8760 serially complete hourly records starting on October 1, 2010.  Each 
	record contains wy, mm, dd, HH, calyr, sm_18cm, and sm_70cm separated with a comma.  
	This file is not gap-filled. Missing data is denoted by "NaN". Soil moisture was 
	measured using CS TDR100 soil moisture probes. Gross errors in the soil moisture record 
        (< 0.0 or > 0.24) were removed. The data was then and filled and smoothed using
 a robust
        local regression, which uses weighted linear least squares and a 1st degree
 polynomial model.
        This method assigns lower weights to outliers in the regression (assigns zero weight to data
        outside six mean absolute deviations). A combination of moving windows sizes were used for 
        the regression of the 18 cm data because no one window
 size did well capturing the peaks and
        smoothing out sensor noise.  A window size of 0.5% of the data was used from the beginning
        of the water year until October 23rd, 2010 and from June 21st 2011 to the end of the water
        year, while a window size of 0.15% was used between October 23rd and June 21st. A combination
        of moving windows sizes were also used
 for the regression of the 70 cm data. A window size of
        0.8% of the data was used from the
 beginning of the water year until October 28th, 2010 and 
        from June 21st 2011 to the end of the water year, while a window size of 0.3% was used 
        between October 28th and June 
21st.

SOIL_SURFACE_TEXTURE.txt: Soil texture and depth data that is distributed across the catchment.
	The file contains 57 records, each containing ID, northing, easting, depth_soil, 
	pct_course,pct_sand, and pct_fine separated with a comma.  The top 30 cm of soil was 
	sampled, dried and sieved to separate percent coarse fragments, then percent sand and
	percent fines.  Soil depth was obtained by pounding a steel rod into the ground to 
	refusal.

SOIL_TEXTURE_PROFILES.txt: Soil texture data is from different locations and depths.  The 
	file contains 58 records, each containing ID, easting, northing, depth_rng, 
	pct_coarse, pct_sand, pct_silt, and pct_clay separated with a comma. Samples from each
	depth range were dried, and sieved to separate percent coarse fragments, then percent 
	sand and fines. Fines were then separated using a hydrometer. The location of the 
	profiles follows.

	profile ID	 easting      northing
	ND3         4842314.77   569255.02
	ND7         4842312.99   569252.66
	ND20        4842308.44   569244.64
	ND40        4842301.77   569235.27
	NU5         4842320.23   569246.29
	NU10        4842317.08   569241.95
	NU20        4842315.15   569235.36
	SD0         4842316.55   569256.53
	SD5         4842317.12   569258.37
	SD10        4842319.28   569260.60
	SD20        4842322.46   569263.46
	SD35        4842328.78   569269.43
	SU5         4842323.54   569250.70
	SU20        4842329.85   569256.35

SNOW_DENSITY.txt: Snow density data is from snow surveys conducted on a weekly basis from
	January 21, 2011 to March 24, 2011.  The file contains 77 records, each 
	containing wy, mm, dd, calyr, easting, northing, density_kgpm3, depth_snow, and 
	method separated with a comma. The survey was designed to have repeat density at
	specific locations, however shallow snow logistics often dictated the movement of a
	sample location.  The three different methods (instruments) employed were the Rickly 
	"Mt. Rose" type or "federal" type snow tube (fed_tube), Snowmetrics new snow density 
	(new_snow_tube), and either a Hydro-Tech 100 cc square snow density cutter, or a 
	Snowmetrics 250 cc wedge shaped snow density cutter (density_cutter).

Contacts: Patrick Kormos, Boise State University, Department of Geosciences, Environmental
          Research Building, 1910 University Drive, Boise, ID 83725. 
          patrickkormos@u.boisestate.edu

          Dr. James P. McNamara, Boise State University, Department of Geosciences, 
          Environmental Research Building, 1910 University Drive, Boise, ID 83725. 
          jmcnamar@boisestate.edu

References:

Marks, D., J. Domingo, D. Susong, T. Link and D. Garen (1999), A spatially distributed energy 
	balance snowmelt model for application in mountain basins, Hydrol. Processes, 
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Marks, D., and J. Dozier. "A clear-sky longwave radiation model for remote alpine areas.
	" Archiv für Meteorologie, Geophysik und Bioklimatologie, Serie B 27.2-3 (1979): 
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Garen, David C., and Danny Marks. "Spatially distributed energy balance snowmelt modelling in 
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Winstral, Adam, and Danny Marks. "Simulating wind fields and snow redistribution using 
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Meador, W. E., and W. R. Weaver. "Two-stream approximations to radiative transfer in planetary 
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	of the atmospheric sciences 37.3 (1980): 630-643.

Nayak, A., D. G. Chandler, D. Marks, J. P. McNamara, and M. Seyfried (2008), Correction of 
	electronic record for weighing bucket precipitation gauge measurements, Water Resour. 
	Res., 44(4), doi: 10.1029/2008wr006875.