ESSD Earth System Science Data ESSD Earth Syst. Sci. Data 1866-3516 Copernicus Publications Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/essd-2-105-2010 The CARINA data synthesis project: introduction and overview Key R. M. 1 Tanhua T. 2 Olsen A. 3 4 Hoppema M. 5 Jutterström S. 6 Schirnick C. 2 van Heuven S. 7 Kozyr A. 8 Lin X. 1 Velo A. 9 Wallace D. W. R. 2 Mintrop L. 10 11 Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA Leibniz-Institute für Meereswissenschaften, Marine Biogeochemie, Kiel, Germany Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, UNIFOB AS, Allégaten 55, 5007 Bergen, Norway Department of Chemistry, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Postfach 120161, 27515 Bremerhaven, Germany Institutionen för kemi, Göteborgs universitet, Göteborg, Sweden Univ. of Groningen, Dept. of Ocean Ecosystems, Biological Center, 9750 AA Groningen, The Netherlands Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas – CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, Universitaet Bremen, Germany now at: MARIANDA Company, Kiel, Germany 18 03 2010 2 1 105 121 Copyright: © 2010 R. M. Key et al. 2010 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is available from https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/2/105/2010/essd-2-105-2010.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/2/105/2010/essd-2-105-2010.pdf

The original goal of the CARINA (Carbon in Atlantic Ocean) data synthesis project was to create a merged calibrated data set from open ocean subsurface measurements by European scientists that would be generally useful for biogeochemical investigations in the North Atlantic and in particular, studies involving the carbon system. Over time the geographic extent expanded to include the entire Atlantic, the Arctic and the Southern Ocean and the international collaboration broadened significantly. In this paper we give a brief history of the project, a general overview of data included and an outline of the procedures used during the synthesis. <br><br> The end result of this project was a set of 3 data products, one for each of the listed ocean regions. It is critical that anyone who uses any of the CARINA data products recognize that the data products are not simply concatenations of the originally measured values. Rather, the data have been through an extensive calibration procedure designed to remove measurement bias and bad data. Also a significant fraction of the individual values in the data products were derived either by direct calculation or some means of approximation. These data products were constructed for basin scale biogeochemical investigations and may be inappropriate for investigations involving small areal extent or similar detailed analyses. More information on specific parts of this project can be found in companion articles in this issue. In particular, Tanhua et al. (2010) and Tanhua (2009) describe the procedures and software used to remove measurement bias from the original data. <br><br> The three data products and a significant volume of supporting information are available from the CARINA web site hosted by the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC: <a href="http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/oceans/CARINA/Carina_inv.html" target="_blank">http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/oceans/CARINA/Carina_inv.html</a>). Anyone wanting to use the data is advised to get the highest version number of each data product. Incremental versions represent either corrections or additions. The web site documents specifics of the changes.

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